CN106367456A - Chitosan coupling production method by virtue of microwave viscosity reduction and enzymatic degradation - Google Patents
Chitosan coupling production method by virtue of microwave viscosity reduction and enzymatic degradation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106367456A CN106367456A CN201610764424.4A CN201610764424A CN106367456A CN 106367456 A CN106367456 A CN 106367456A CN 201610764424 A CN201610764424 A CN 201610764424A CN 106367456 A CN106367456 A CN 106367456A
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- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
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- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
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Abstract
The invention provides a chitosan coupling production method by virtue of microwave viscosity reduction and enzymatic degradation. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adding shrimp and crab shells to a hydrochloric acid water solution, wherein each 100g of the shrimp and crab shells corresponds to 1000-1100ml of the hydrochloric acid water solution; heating up to 75-85 DEG C, adding a mixture of aspergillus niger and wood rot enzyme, and conducting a reaction for 6-7h; 2, adding potassium hydroxide until a pH value is greater than 8, conducting freezing for 2-3h and then conducting microwave treatment in a microwave environment; and 3, adding the hydrochloric acid water solution, heating up to 90-95 DEG C, adding the mixture of aspergillus niger and wood rot enzyme, conducting a reaction for 6-7h, adding potassium hydroxide until a pH value is greater than 8, and conducting cooling, filtering and drying so as to obtain chitosan.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field is and in particular to a kind of microwave viscosity reduction couples producer with enzymic degradation oligochitosan
Method.
Background technology
Shitosan is the deacetylated product of chitin.Chitin is widely present in the crustaceans such as shrimp, Eriocheir sinensiss and insecticide, algae
In class and antibacterial, be the second largest natural polymer being only second to cellulose in the world, year biosynthesiss amount reach billions of
As many as ton., because of its chemical property torpescence, solubility property is very poor for chitin, and directly application is very limited；And chitin is carried out
The shitosan of gained after deacetylated process, but because of the presence of amino active group in molecular structure, its dissolution properties, chemical
Matter all greatly changes, and is with a wide range of applications at aspects such as food, medicine, daily-use chemical industry, environmental protection, agriculturals.Shitosan is big
The molecular weight of molecule, generally about hundreds of thousands, because of the interaction of inside and outside hydrogen bond in its molecule, can only be dissolved in the diluted acid of minority
In solution, and can not being directly dissolved in water, if reducing its molecular weight by suitable method, can get low chitose and directly
It is dissolved in the oligochitosan of water.Low chitose and oligochitosan have many functional characters better than shitosan, are that shitosan and products thereof is opened
Send out one of focus of research.
Oligochitosan is the dynamic of the natural edibility uniquely carrying positive charge cation group of mankind's discovery so far
Fibres, are that in saccharide, uniquely alkalescence is sugared, and in recent years, oligochitosan exploitation has become the important topic in International Biotechnology field
And study hotspot, biotechnology is the important means of oligochitosan exploitation.Pay much attention to the research of oligochitosan in the world, Europe starts
" Europe sugar research and development network ", Japan also implements " sugar engineering frontier project ".The research of American-European worker has confirmed that widow
Carbohydrates and their derivative participates in organism fertilization, growth, growth, differentiation, immunity, the identification of nervous system and regulation process, therefore
The exploitation of oligochitosan is in the ascendant.
At present, the preparation method of low chitose and oligochitosan mainly has acid hydrolyzation, oxidizing process and enzymatic isolation method three major types, Ji Zhongfang
Method cuts both ways.Acid hydrolyzation is the earliest degradation of chitosan method of research, early in the fifties, document journal am
Chemistry society (1957,79:5046) is just reported, nearest youngster's year also has multiple acid hydrolyzations to be seen in report, such as
Peracetic acid method, sulphate method, hydrogen fluoride etc., but these method environmental pollutions are more serious, and wayward reaction end；Oxygen
Change method, with hydrogen peroxide oxidation process as representative, mainly has h2o2Method, h2o2- hcl method, h2o2-naocl2Method, clo2(the universities such as method
Learn, 1999, vol.14,2:36), shortcoming is to be also easy to produce by-product.Enzymatic isolation method is application specificity chitosanase and non-specific
Other enzymes, such as protease, carbohydrase, Digestive Enzyme etc. carry out the degraded of shitosan, and the various enzymes that can be used for enzymatic isolation method have kind more than 30
(carbohydrate research, 1995,268:143).Enzymatic isolation method passes through β (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae) glucosides of shitosan that specifically ftractures
Reaching degraded purpose, in whole degradation process, no other reaction reagents add key, and no other byproducts of reaction generate, and are shells
The Perfected process of Polyose degradation.Specificity chitosanase can achieve specific degradation to shitosan, but current study show that it
Degradation efficiency is not very high, leads to production cost higher.Non-specific enzymolysis is studied by many people, document " Wuxi light industry
College journal 15 phases in 1996 " are reported Wuxi light industry university professor Xia Wenshui and are obtained using Fructus Hordei Germinatus Lipase-promoted Hydrolysis of Chitosan
Average molecular weight is tens of thousands of low chitoses, and document " carbohydr.res.1992,237:325 " reports pantaleone et al. and grinds
Study carefully cellulase and papain, the glucanase Degradation to shitosan under certain condition, but result also only obtains
Obtaining average molecular weight is tens of thousands of low chitoses, and can not make the oligochitosan that degradation of chitosan is more low-molecular-weight.Therefore provide one
Kind new low chitose and the production method of oligochitosan, be people institute highly desirablely.
The Chinese patent of Patent No. cn201510028848.x discloses the preparation work that a kind of oligochitosan modifies cotton fiber
Skill, this invention, with oligochitosan, cotton fiber as raw material, first prepares pretreatment cotton fiber；Use epoxychloropropane anti-with oligochitosan again
Should, prepare hydroxypropyl oligochitosan；Then, hydroxypropyl oligochitosan and bisglycidyl ether are successively used respectively to pretreatment cotton fiber
Carry out etherificate to modify, prepare the etherate of grafting hydroxypropyl oligochitosan cotton fiber；Eventually pass and bake process, prepare shell few
Sugar-modified cotton fiber product.The Chinese patent of Patent No. cn201310212908.4 discloses a kind of oligochitosan modification and can give birth to
The preparation method of thing degrading composite, this invention relates generally to a kind of preparation of oligochitosan modification biodegradable composite
Method, first with n, n- dimethylformamide is solvent, protects amino preparation n- neighbour's benzene two of oligochitosan with phthalic anhydride
Formylated oligochitosan reaction intermediate；Secondly, it is added dropwise over the pyridine solution of stannous octoate, initiation ε-own interior under nitrogen protection
There is ring-opening polymerisation in ester monomer, so that polycaprolactone is grafted on the hydroxyl of n- phthaloyl oligochitosan, generates oligochitosan and connects
Branch polycaprolactone thermoplastic；Finally, the preparation of ldpe, oligochitosan g-polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone melt blending can be given birth to
Thing degrading composite.
Content of the invention
Goal of the invention: for weak point of the prior art, a kind of microwave viscosity reduction couples life with enzymic degradation oligochitosan
Product method.
Technical scheme: the invention provides a kind of microwave viscosity reduction couples production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan, including such as
Lower step:
Step 1, shrimp and crab shells are added in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and the corresponding 1000～1100ml hydrochloric acid of every 100g shrimp and crab shells is water-soluble
Liquid, is warming up to 75～85 DEG C, adds the mixture of aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme, reacts 6～7 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 2～3 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out
Microwave treatment；
Step 3, adds aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, is warming up to 90～95 DEG C, adds the mixture of aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme, reacts 6
～7 hours, add potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cool down, filter, be dried, obtain final product.
The addition of mixture of the aspergillus niger in described step 1 and timber funguss enzyme and the mass ratio of shrimp and crab shells be 1:40～
50.
Aqueous hydrochloric acid solution concentration in described step 1 is 35～35%；Aqueous hydrochloric acid solution concentration in step 2 be 15～
18%.
Aspergillus niger in described step 1 is 1:1～1.3 with both mass ratioes in the mixture of timber funguss enzyme.
Aspergillus niger in described step 2 is 1:0.7～0.9 with both mass ratioes in the mixture of timber funguss enzyme.
Described microwave treatment, microwave frequency 500～800mhz, process time is 2～3 hours.
Using production method of the present invention, the oligochitosan mean molecule quantity arriving be 400～2000.
Beneficial effect: research chitosanase, the degradation characteristic to shitosan for the microwave field action, by physics viscosity reduction and enzyme process
The coupling of degraded, realizes the highly concentrated conversion of high sticky end thing.Solving high concentration substrate transition problem is that production cost is greatly lowered
Key problem in technology, oligochitosan main chain portion fractures under microwave action are made using microwave equipment, make material viscosity decline, improve enzyme
The concentration of substrate of method degraded, makes follow-up enzyme reaction efficiency greatly increase, and reduces biological enzyme dosage.From kinetics angle to enzyme
Addition, hydrolysis temperature, the reaction reaction condition such as ph value further investigation, optimization enzymolysis process；Imitate with conversion from improving quality
Rate is started with, and microwave degradation and two processes of enzymic degradation are carried out with Comprehensive Control, obtains key point control parameter.
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Step 1,100g shrimp and crab shells is added in 1000ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 35%), is warming up to 75 DEG C, adds
Aspergillus niger and the mixture 2g (both mass ratioes are 1:1) of timber funguss enzyme, react 6 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 2 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out microwave
Process；Microwave frequency is 500mhz, and process time is 2 hours；
Step 3, adds 500ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 15%), is warming up to 90 DEG C, adds aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme
Mixture 5g (both mass ratioes are 1:0.7), reacts 6 hours, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cooling, and filter,
It is dried, obtain final product.
Products obtained therefrom is detected.Result is as follows:
Deacetylation: 91%
Moisture 5.9%
Ash 0.21%
Mean molecule quantity 1000.
Embodiment 2
Step 1,100g shrimp and crab shells is added in 1100ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 35%), is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds
Aspergillus niger and the mixture 2.5g (both mass ratioes are 1:1.3) of timber funguss enzyme, react 7 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 3 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out microwave
Process；Microwave frequency is 800mhz, and process time is 3 hours；
Step 3, adds 800ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 18%), is warming up to 95 DEG C, adds aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme
Mixture 20g (both mass ratioes are 1:0.9), reacts 7 hours, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cooling, and mistake
Filter, is dried, obtains final product.
Products obtained therefrom is detected.Result is as follows:
Deacetylation: 89%
Moisture 6.1%
Ash 0.22%
Mean molecule quantity 1300.
Embodiment 3
Step 1,100g shrimp and crab shells is added in 1000ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 35%), is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds
Aspergillus niger and the mixture 2.2g (both mass ratioes are 1:1) of timber funguss enzyme, react 6 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 2 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out microwave
Process；Microwave frequency is 700mhz, and process time is 2 hours；
Step 3, adds 500ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 15%), is warming up to 95 DEG C, adds aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme
Mixture 5g (both mass ratioes are 1:0.7), reacts 6 hours, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cooling, and filter,
It is dried, obtain final product.
Products obtained therefrom is detected.Result is as follows:
Deacetylation: 90%
Moisture 5.5%
Ash 0.11%
Mean molecule quantity 500.
Embodiment 4
Step 1,100g shrimp and crab shells is added in 1000ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 35%), is warming up to 75 DEG C, adds
Aspergillus niger and the mixture 2g (both mass ratioes are 1:1) of timber funguss enzyme, react 6 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 3 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out microwave
Process；Microwave frequency is 800mhz, and process time is 3 hours；
Step 3, adds 800ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 18%), is warming up to 95 DEG C, adds aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme
Mixture 20g (both mass ratioes are 1:0.9), reacts 7 hours, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cooling, and mistake
Filter, is dried, obtains final product.
Products obtained therefrom is detected.Result is as follows:
Deacetylation: 90%
Moisture 6%
Ash 0.2%
Mean molecule quantity 1000
Embodiment 5
Step 1,100g shrimp and crab shells is added in 1100ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 35%), is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds
Aspergillus niger and the mixture 2.5g (both mass ratioes are 1:1.3) of timber funguss enzyme, react 7 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 2 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out microwave
Process；Microwave frequency is 500mhz, and process time is 2 hours；
Step 3, adds 500ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 15%), is warming up to 90 DEG C, adds aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme
Mixture 5g (both mass ratioes are 1:0.7), reacts 6 hours, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cooling, and filter,
It is dried, obtain final product.
Products obtained therefrom is detected.Result is as follows:
Deacetylation: 90%
Moisture 5.5%
Ash 0.11%
Mean molecule quantity 500.
Embodiment 6
Step 1,100g shrimp and crab shells is added in 1100ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 35%), is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds
Aspergillus niger and the mixture 2.2g (both mass ratioes are 1:1) of timber funguss enzyme, react 6 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 2 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out microwave
Process；Microwave frequency is 700mhz, and process time is 2 hours；
Step 3, adds 800ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (concentration is 15%), is warming up to 95 DEG C, adds aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme
Mixture 10g (both mass ratioes are 1:0.7), reacts 6 hours, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cooling, and mistake
Filter, is dried, obtains final product.
Products obtained therefrom is detected.Result is as follows:
Deacetylation: 90%
Moisture 5.5%
Ash 0.15%
Mean molecule quantity 900.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of microwave viscosity reduction couples production method it is characterised in that also comprising the steps: with enzymic degradation oligochitosan
Step 1, shrimp and crab shells is added in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, every 100g shrimp and crab shells correspond to 1000～1100ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, rises
Temperature, to 75～85 DEG C, adds the mixture of aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme, reacts 6～7 hours；
Step 2, adds potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, freezes 2～3 hours, is subsequently placed in microwave environment and carries out microwave
Process；
Step 3, adds aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, is warming up to 90～95 DEG C, adds the mixture of aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme, and reaction 6～7 is little
When, add potassium hydroxide, until ph value is more than 8, cool down, filter, be dried, obtain final product.
2. microwave viscosity reduction according to claim 1 couples production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan it is characterised in that step 1
In aqueous hydrochloric acid solution concentration be 35～35%；Aqueous hydrochloric acid solution concentration in step 2 is 15～18%.
3. microwave viscosity reduction according to claim 1 couples production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan it is characterised in that step 1
In the addition of mixture of aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme be 1:40～50 with the mass ratio of shrimp and crab shells.
4. microwave viscosity reduction according to claim 1 couples production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan it is characterised in that step 1
In the mixture of aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme in both mass ratioes be 1:1～1.3.
5. microwave viscosity reduction according to claim 1 couples production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan it is characterised in that step 2
In the mixture of aspergillus niger and timber funguss enzyme in both mass ratioes be 1:0.7～0.9.
6. microwave viscosity reduction according to claim 1 couples production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan it is characterised in that described
Microwave treatment, microwave frequency 500～800mhz.
7. microwave viscosity reduction according to claim 1 couples production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan it is characterised in that described
Microwave treatment, process time be 2～3 hours.
8. microwave viscosity reduction according to claim 1 couple production method with enzymic degradation oligochitosan it is characterised in that
The oligochitosan molecular weight arriving is 400～2000.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1401652A (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-03-12 | 华东理工大学 | Process for industrial production of oligochitose and chitooligose |
| CN101144097A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-03-19 | 重庆百奥帝克微生态科技有限公司 | Method for preparing chitin and its chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide |
| CN101343333A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2009-01-14 | 北京健尔康生物技术开发有限公司 | Preparation method for chitosan oligosaccharide |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1401652A (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-03-12 | 华东理工大学 | Process for industrial production of oligochitose and chitooligose |
| CN101343333A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2009-01-14 | 北京健尔康生物技术开发有限公司 | Preparation method for chitosan oligosaccharide |
| CN101144097A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-03-19 | 重庆百奥帝克微生态科技有限公司 | Method for preparing chitin and its chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide |
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Application publication date: 20170201 |