CN106357465A - Quick establishment method of easy-to-configure Internet of Things monitoring system - Google Patents
Quick establishment method of easy-to-configure Internet of Things monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106357465A CN106357465A CN201610987794.4A CN201610987794A CN106357465A CN 106357465 A CN106357465 A CN 106357465A CN 201610987794 A CN201610987794 A CN 201610987794A CN 106357465 A CN106357465 A CN 106357465A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/0813—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings
- H04L41/0816—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
- H04L41/145—Network analysis or design involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/06—Protocols specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
- H04L67/30—Profiles
Abstract
The invention discloses a quick establishment method of an easy-to-configure Internet of Things monitoring system. The method comprises the following steps of: user need description based on natural language, need description based on semi-formalization or formalization, application-layer establishment of a configuration table and an analysis table of an Internet of Things monitoring system project, transport-layer wireless or wired download protocol design and sensing-layer monitoring node design. The engineers can quickly establish and develop the Internet of Things monitoring system through the method disclosed by the invention, a software/hardware prototype system can be quickly generated to adapt to different monitoring objects, and the development efficiency and applicability are remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring system of internet of things field, specifically a kind of quick structure of monitoring system of internet of things being easy to configure
Construction method.
Background technology
At present, the monitoring system relying on technology of Internet of things structure association area has obtained the extensive pass of academia and engineering circles
Note, increasing field occurs in that substantial amounts of monitoring system of internet of things, such as industrial environment monitoring, high-voltage fence path monitoring,
Traffic flow monitoring, agriculture Internet of Things monitoring, building structure health monitoring, mine mine environmental monitoring etc..Internet of Things is monitored
System mainly includes sensing layer, transport layer, three parts of application layer, and sensing layer is responsible for gathering related data, and transport layer is passed through no
The modes such as line, wired, wire and wireless mixing send data to data center, and application layer is according to related needs with various visualizations
Mode assumes Monitoring Data and provides data analysiss.
But existing monitoring system of internet of things also faces some problems on stream:
1) technology of Internet of things mainly utilize the multi-hop ad hoc of radio sensing network, self adaptation, high flexibility, dynamic,
The features such as reliability, with respect to conventional art, technology of Internet of things brings numerous convenient to the structure of monitoring system, but also gives simultaneously
Exploitation and debugging efforts bring difficulty.Monitoring system is typically located under adverse circumstances, and personnel are difficult to reach, and monitoring system is opened
Need to interact debugging, deployment during sending out, test, general development approach and process are unsuitable for the exploitation of this system.
2) monitoring system has many eurypalynous sensors, such as electromagnetism, temperature, humidity, noise, light intensity, pressure etc.,
Monitoring type in different monitored areas, monitoring focus, influence factor are also different simultaneously, and the computer monitoring of routine
Take demand customization, situ calibration, the mode of personnel Ding Wei during system constructing, directly platform is carried out using traditional approach and set
Meter, construction are wasted time and energy with maintenance, lack portable and motility.
3) in terms of system development method, the software engineering deveironment method such as existing accelerated model, spin model, v model,
Give the framework of system development from macroscopic perspective, and details aspect Shortcomings in monitoring system of internet of things relevance grade.Thing
The exploitation of networking monitoring system needs to meet the requirements such as quick, high flexible, configurable, fast construction.
4) it is directed to same monitoring system, the application demand of different user and application scenarios also have difference, and existing method is same
One system deployment there is also deficiency under different application scene, lacks motility and configurability.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of monitoring system of internet of things fast construction method being easy to configure, existing to solve
The problem that technology exists, realizes the purpose of rapid build monitoring system of internet of things.Those skilled in the art are according to side proposed by the present invention
Method can complete the rapid build to monitoring system of internet of things with reference to corresponding engineering development method.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of be easy to configure monitoring system of internet of things fast construction method it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1), the Requirement Description based on natural language: for the monitoring system of internet of things implemented, developer with
User carries out demand analyses, and forms Requirement Description document；
(2), it is based on half formalization or formal requirement description: because natural language has ambiguity, obtained by step (1)
To document there may be mistake or contradiction, the Requirement Description document that developer obtains according to step (1) passes through half form
Change or Formal Languages re-start requirement description and checking, with the correctness of the user's description obtained by guaranteeing；If developer
Can determine that the Requirement Description obtained by step (1), then can skip step (2) and enter step (3)；
(3), application layer constructs allocation list and the resolution table of monitoring system of internet of things project: by step (1), (2) institute really
The Requirement Description document recognized, can construct the allocation list of institute's development system, by extracting the monitored target in requirement description
Feature, monitoring quantity and position, monitoring accuracy and alert if, the sensor type of required installation, collection and sample frequency are retouched
State, carry out allocation list construction；The keynote idea of construction allocation list is by passage is abstract, allocation list, numerical transformation realize program
With data be kept completely separate, slave computer is uniformly processed, need not know the physical significance of institute's monitoring object, thus convenient configure and move
Plant；For requirement description, construct allocation list and the resolution table of monitoring system of internet of things according to following subprocess, set up numerical value conversion
Mapping relations:
(3.1), by Multi-channel monitoring signal abstraction be multiplexer channel so that followed by being uniformly processed, sensing layer is disposed with n
Individual monitoring acquisition node, each monitoring acquisition node contains n sensor, then each monitoring acquisition node contains n paths；Logical
Road type be divided into analog quantity, digital quantity, switching value, linear, non-linear, pulse, mixing, other；Each passage defines an end
Mouthful, port type represents the source from this channel signal of circuital point；Port address is virtual address, general record circuit
The holding wire sequence number that in figure is connected with this port；
(3.2), construct allocation list: allocation list is to use for sensing layer monitoring node, and main thought is by allocation list
Realize any amount sensor, any type sensor, any acquisition logic are configured, allocation list will be by under transport layer
It is loaded onto sensing layer monitoring node, according to the rule in allocation list, can achieve and monitor value is uniformly processed, both met Gao Ling
Living, configurable, code easy care is easy transplants and achieves low-power consumption；
Allocation list structure is the two-dimentional relation table of n row m row, and wherein n is number of active lanes, for sake of convenience, m row is divided into base
This attribute, channel characteristic, three groups of detection requirement, base attribute group includes detection limit title, sensor identification, physical quantity unit
Essential information；Channel characteristic group include channel type, port type, port address, single acquisition duration, collection numerical value word length,
Inactive low, report word length, dividing value, measurement floor value, these channel informations of passage precision in measurement；Detection requirement group includes supervising
Survey peak, monitoring minimum, upper limit alarm value, lower limit alarming value, minimum retain difference, the minimum difference, precision, normal of sending
Collection frequency, report to the police collection frequency, sampling number, sleep interval；
(3.3), tectonic knot table: resolution table is to use for application layer parsing institute gathered data, passes back from sensing layer
Data is the data through configuring table transform, needs to carry out inverse transformation parsing and just can obtain actual physical amount, resolution table is mainly remembered
Record the relevant parameter in inverse transformation；
Resolution table structure is the two-dimentional relation table of n row m row, and wherein n is number of active lanes, for sake of convenience, m row is divided into meter
Calculate cardinal sum and calculate two groups of sample, calculating basis group mainly includes equivalent value, the basic truth of a matter, upper warning number, lower warning number,
Short biography is poor, minimum poor, normal acquisition frequency, warning collection frequency, sampling interval number；Calculate sample group mainly to include sampling
Several, upper count off, detection limit；
(3.4), set up numerical transformation mapping, have allocation list and resolution table in addition it is also necessary to carry out to numerical relation therein
Transformed mappings, conversion is divided into based on the sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process of allocation list and the application number of plies based on resolution table
Process two parts according to inverse transformation, the variable of following calculating process all can obtain from allocation list and resolution table:
Sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process based on allocation list tries to achieve sensing layer monitoring successively according to equation below
Node passage finally reports numerical value x:
D=(ah-al)/2n1-n2(1)
xmin=bl/d (2)
x2=x1(3)
x4=x3/2n2(5)
xb=x4-xmin(6)
X=xb(7)
Wherein, formula (1) is to calculate certain passage precision d, and wherein ah and al represents the measurable physical quantity of passage the most respectively
Big value and minima, n1, n2 represent word length and the inactive low number of collection numerical value respectively；Formula (2) is to calculate the basic truth of a matter, is
32 complement of two's two's complements, bl is the minima needing to measure physical quantity；Formula (3) is that the original value of channel sample is converted into system
One word length；Formula (4) is the meansigma methodss of multiple repairing weld value, needs to use division due to averaging it is contemplated that chip calculating is adopted
With binary system, therefore general sampling number is 2 index power；Formula (5) is to remove inactive low, can be removed by this formula
Unstable, unwanted low level；Formula (6) is to deduct the basic truth of a matter, can be moved between upper count off location by this formula
Minimum positive number interval；Formula (7) is that numerical value is unified into 16 unsigned numbers, had so not only remained the precision of data but also had ensured to go
Except useless word length；X1, x2, x3, x4, x5 represent respectively channel sample original value, the value after the unified word length of conversion, try to achieve flat
Average, remove inactive low after value, deduct the value after the basic truth of a matter；
Application layer data inverse transformation based on resolution table processes and carries out data parsing according to formula (8), and e is final physical amount
Value is the actual value of sensing layer monitoring node channel acquisition, and x is the data caught from sensing layer:
E=x d+bl (8)
(3.5), generate configuration and download file, this configuration is downloaded file and will be downloaded to the sensor of sensing layer by transport layer
In monitoring node；Configuration download file be converted to according to certain data structure by allocation list, can using array, two-dimensional array,
These data structures such as self-defined structure body, Priority Queues, can need to be designed according to monitoring node；
(4), transport layer wirelessly or non-wirelessly download protocol design: for realizing system rapid build and remote debugging, reduction is opened
Send out the difficulty of personnel's exploitation in field, transport layer need to provide download program function, and application layer as needed can be by program, configuration
Table is downloaded to sensing layer monitoring node, and this is accomplished by related download agreement, and downloading process can be entered by wirelessly or non-wirelessly mode
OK；
(5), sensing layer monitoring node design: the collection of the complete paired data of sensing layer monitoring node and simple process, collection
Can complete to develop by general development approach with processing procedure developer；
The present invention proposes a kind of monitoring system of internet of things fast construction method being easy to and configuring, and engineering staff can pass through
This method carries out fast construction and the exploitation of monitoring system of internet of things, can be quickly generated software and hardware prototype system to be applied to difference
Monitoring object, substantially increase development efficiency and the suitability.The method is specifically by the monitoring class in monitoring system of internet of things
Type abstract for channel type, adopt " configuration parameter is separated with program " thought, " the user's description " under generic text environment be provided
Interface, the sensing node allocation list information being generated can be converted to embedded program directly by machine translation mode, and can
Update demand for services in conjunction with iap (in application programming, application programming) technology whenever and wherever possible.
The method that the present invention provides can be realized remote debugging, deployment, be tested it is adaptable to the exploitation of system and deployment；Logical
Cross abstract passage and pattern with reference to allocation list resolution table is uniformly processed, solve dissimilar sensor, different monitored area, prison
The not equal practical problem of survey demand, improves a lot compared with traditional method；By this method and existing software engineering deveironment method knot
Conjunction can realize that the height to monitoring system of internet of things is flexible, configurable, fast construction；It is also convenient for quickly and easily achieving same simultaneously
The high flexibility under different application scene for the system deployment and configurability.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the described allocation list pattern diagram of step (3.2) in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is step (3.2) described detection requirement group principle schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the described resolution table pattern diagram of step (3.3) in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the download interaction figure in the present invention designed by step (4).
Specific embodiment
A kind of be easy to configure monitoring system of internet of things fast construction method it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) Requirement Description based on natural language.For the monitoring system of internet of things implemented, developer and use
Family carries out demand analyses, relates generally to the aspects such as scale, monitoring type, monitoring point deployment, monitoring requirements, forms user's request and retouches
State document；
(2) it is based on half formalization or formal requirement description.Because natural language has ambiguity, obtained by step (1)
To document there may be mistake or contradiction, the Requirement Description that developer obtains according to step (1) passes through half forms such as uml
Change the Formal Languages such as language or event-b and carry out requirement description and checking, with the correctness of the user's description obtained by guaranteeing.
If developer can determine that step (1) obtained by Requirement Description correctness, can skip step (2) enter step (3).
(3) application layer constructs allocation list and the resolution table of monitoring system of internet of things project.Confirmed by step (1) (2)
Requirement description, the allocation list of institute's development system can be constructed, by extract requirement description in monitored target feature, monitoring number
Amount and the description such as position, monitoring accuracy and alert if, the sensor type of required installation, collection and sample frequency, according to step
Suddenly (3) carry out allocation list construction.The keynote idea of construction allocation list is by passage is abstract, allocation list, numerical transformation realize journey
Sequence is with data is kept completely separate, slave computer is uniformly processed, need not know the physical significance of institute's monitoring object, thus conveniently transplanting and joining
Put.For requirement description, construct allocation list and the resolution table of monitoring system of internet of things according to following subprocess, set up numerical value conversion
Mapping relations.
(3.1) Multi-channel monitoring signal abstraction is multiplexer channel, so that followed by being uniformly processed.Sensing layer is disposed with n
Individual monitoring acquisition node, each monitoring acquisition node contains n sensor, then each monitoring acquisition node contains n paths；Logical
Road type be broadly divided into analog quantity, digital quantity, switching value, linear, non-linear, pulse, mixing, other；Each passage defines one
Individual port, port type represents source from this channel signal of circuital point (as all kinds of buses such as a/d chip, i2c chips
Or holding wire)；Port address is virtual address, the holding wire sequence number being connected with this port in general record circuit diagram.
(3.2) construct allocation list: allocation list is to use for sensing layer monitoring node, main thought is real by allocation list
Now any number of sensor, any type of sensor, any acquisition logic are configured, allocation list will be by transport layer
It is downloaded to sensing layer monitoring node, according to the rule in allocation list, can achieve and monitor value is uniformly processed, both met height
Flexibly can configure, the demand of code easy care easily transplanting achieves low-power consumption again.
Allocation list structure is the two-dimentional relation table of n row m row, and wherein n is number of active lanes, for sake of convenience, m row is divided into base
This attribute, channel characteristic, three groups of detection requirement, base attribute group includes detection limit title, sensor identification, physical quantity unit
Etc. essential information；Channel characteristic group includes channel type, port type, port address, single acquisition duration, collection numerical value word length
(how many binary digits), inactive low the inactive low part of semaphore (collection), report the word length (binary system finally reporting
Digit), the channel information such as dividing value, measurement floor value, passage precision in measurement；Detection requirement group includes monitoring peak, monitoring
Minimum, upper limit alarm value, lower limit alarming value, minimum reservation difference, minimum send difference, and (difference of adjacent two secondary data is
Little value), precision, normal acquisition frequency, report to the police collection frequency, sampling number, sleep interval.
It is illustrated in figure 1 the pattern of a certain allocation list, the allocation list pattern comprising above- mentioned information can be according to practical situation
Construction.
Here the relevant design thought of emphasized detection requirement group.Monitoring system of internet of things is periodically or non-periodically adopted
Data is simultaneously reported by monitor set data, and in most of the cases, monitored target is in stable state, and its magnitude of physical quantity changes not
Greatly, there is redundancy in substantial amounts of Monitoring Data, now conventionally carries out uploading, communication overhead can be led to excessive, especially make
With node premature death can be led to during radio sensing network it is therefore desirable to carry out low power dissipation design.Sensing layer using " adopt and not
Note, note and do not pass, transfinite and send out, collect together and send out " the pretreatment to be monitored data for the principle, as shown in Fig. 2 " adopt and not
Note " refers to, when adjacent Monitoring Data difference is within the specific limits then it is assumed that data stable state, be not required to record and send；" note and not
Pass " refer to when Data Out of Range but can accept (be more than minimum retain difference and send difference less than minimum) then carry out
Record and do not send；" transfinite and send out " refers to when Data Out of Range and unacceptable (being more than minimum transmission difference) then stands
Send this abnormal alarm data；" collect together and send out " refers to alert data without exception within a period of time, then when by this section
Between the data recorded disposably all packing upload.
(3.3) tectonic knot table: resolution table is to use for application layer parsing gathered data, the data passed back from sensing layer
It is the data through configuring table transform, need to carry out inverse transformation parsing and just can obtain actual physical amount, resolution table essential record
Relevant parameter in inverse transformation.
Resolution table structure is the two-dimentional relation table of n row m row, and wherein n is number of active lanes, for sake of convenience, m row is divided into meter
Calculate cardinal sum and calculate two groups of sample, calculating basis group mainly includes equivalent value, the basic truth of a matter, upper warning number, lower warning number,
Short biography is poor, minimum poor, normal acquisition frequency, warning collection frequency, sampling interval number etc.；Calculate sample group mainly to include sampling
Several, upper count off, detection limit etc..
It is illustrated in figure 3 the pattern of a certain resolution table, the resolution table pattern comprising above- mentioned information can be according to practical situation
Construction.
(3.4) set up numerical transformation mapping, have allocation list and resolution table in addition it is also necessary to become to numerical relation therein
Change mapping, conversion is broadly divided into based on the sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process of allocation list and the application layer based on resolution table
Data inverse transformation processes two parts, and the variable of following calculating process all can obtain from allocation list and resolution table.
Sensing layer is tried to achieve successively essentially according to equation below based on the sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process of allocation list
Monitoring node passage finally reports numerical value x.
D=(ah-al)/2n1-n2(1)
xmin=bl/d (2)
x2=x1(3)
x4=x3/2n2(5)
xb=x4-xmin(6)
X=xb(7)
Wherein, formula (1) is to calculate certain passage precision d, and wherein ah and al represents the measurable physical quantity of passage the most respectively
Big value and minima, n1, n2 represent word length and the inactive low number of collection numerical value respectively；Formula (2) is to calculate the basic truth of a matter, is
32 complement of two's two's complements, bl is the minima needing to measure physical quantity；Formula (3) is that the original value of channel sample is converted into system
One word length；Formula (4) is the meansigma methodss of multiple repairing weld value, needs to use division due to averaging it is contemplated that chip calculating is adopted
With binary system, therefore general sampling number is 2 index power；Formula (5) is to remove inactive low, can be removed by this formula
Unstable, unwanted low level；Formula (6) is to deduct the basic truth of a matter, can be moved between upper count off location by this formula
Minimum positive number interval；Formula (7) is that numerical value is unified into 16 unsigned numbers, had so not only remained the precision of data but also had ensured to go
Except useless word length；X1, x2, x3, x4, x5 represent channel sample original value (complement of two's two's complement of n1 position), conversion unification respectively
Value after word length, the meansigma methodss tried to achieve, remove inactive low after value, deduct the value after the basic truth of a matter.
Application layer data inverse transformation based on resolution table processes and carries out data parsing according to formula (8), and e is final physical amount
Value is the actual value of sensing layer monitoring node channel acquisition, and x is the data caught from sensing layer:
E=x d+bl (8)
(3.5) generate configuration and download file, this configuration is downloaded file and will be downloaded to the sensor of sensing layer by transport layer
In monitoring node, typically stored using hex file format, alternative document structure be may also be employed.Configuration downloads file by joining
Put table to be converted to according to certain data structure, can be multiple using array, two-dimensional array, self-defined structure body, Priority Queues etc.
Data structure, can need to be designed according to monitoring node.
(4) transport layer wirelessly or non-wirelessly download protocol design.For realizing system rapid build and remote debugging, reduce exploitation
The difficulty of personnel's exploitation in field, transport layer need to provide download program function, and application layer as needed can be by program, allocation list
It is downloaded to sensing layer monitoring node, this is accomplished by related download agreement, downloading process can be carried out by wirelessly or non-wirelessly mode.
As Fig. 4 wirelessly or non-wirelessly downloads interaction flow schematic diagram for transport layer.
(5) sensing layer monitoring node design: the sensing layer monitoring node mainly collection of complete paired data and simple process, this
Individual process, developer can complete to develop by general development approach.
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
, from airport to theater, from bridge to high building taking the building structure health monitoring systems based on Internet of Things as a example, building
Configuration is different to lead to the focus of different building structure health and influence factor different.This is accomplished by building structure and is good for
Health monitoring system can propose according to different buildings, different monitoring requirements, different monitoring objective come self adaptation according to this patent
Method be designed and develop achievable self adaptation, the monitoring system of internet of things of easily transplanting.
Built according to step of the present invention:
(1) Requirement Description based on natural language.For certain the building structure health monitoring systems implemented, open
Originator and user carry out demand analyses, relate generally to the aspects such as scale, monitoring type, monitoring point deployment, monitoring requirements, are formed and use
Family requirement description document.This structure includes two monitoring points, and monitoring point needs the temperature of monitoring of structures, strain, node
Charging voltage, cell voltage, another monitoring point needs the temperature of monitoring of structures, strain, cell voltage.
(2) can determine that Requirement Description obtained by step (1) correct it is not necessary to carry out Formal Verification, so directly
Tap into into step (3).
(3) application layer constructs allocation list and the resolution table of monitoring system of internet of things project.
(3.1) Multi-channel monitoring signal abstraction is multiplexer channel, so that followed by being uniformly processed.Sensing layer is disposed with 2
Individual monitoring acquisition node, a monitoring node contains 4 sensors (4 passages), and another monitoring node contains 3 sensors
(3 passages)；
(3.2) construct allocation list, allocation list is to use for sensing layer monitoring node.As table 1,2 show this monitoring system
The allocation list of two monitoring nodes of system.
The allocation list of table 1 monitoring node 1
The allocation list of table 2 monitoring node 2
(3.3) tectonic knot table: resolution table is to use for application layer parsing institute gathered data.It is two as shown in Table 3, 4
The pattern of the resolution table of individual monitoring node, the resolution table pattern comprising above- mentioned information can construct according to practical situation.
The resolution table of table 3 monitoring node 1
The resolution table of table 4 monitoring node 2
(3.4) set up numerical transformation mapping, have allocation list and resolution table in addition it is also necessary to become to numerical relation therein
Change mapping, conversion is broadly divided into based on the sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process of allocation list and the application layer based on resolution table
Data inverse transformation processes two parts, and the variable of following calculating process all can obtain from allocation list and resolution table.
Sensing layer is tried to achieve successively essentially according to equation below based on the sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process of allocation list
Monitoring node passage finally reports numerical value x.
D=(ah-al)/2n1-n2(1)
xmin=bl/d (2)
x2=x1(3)
x4=x3/2n2(5)
xb=x4-xmin(6)
X=xb(7)
Wherein, formula (1) is to calculate certain passage precision d, and wherein ah and al represents the measurable physical quantity of passage the most respectively
Big value and minima, n1, n2 represent word length and the inactive low number of collection numerical value respectively；Formula (2) is to calculate the basic truth of a matter, is
32 complement of two's two's complements, bl is the minima needing to measure physical quantity；Formula (3) is that the original value of channel sample is converted into system
One word length；Formula (4) is the meansigma methodss of multiple repairing weld value, needs to use division due to averaging it is contemplated that chip calculating is adopted
With binary system, therefore general sampling number is 2 index power；Formula (5) is to remove inactive low, can be removed by this formula
Unstable, unwanted low level；Formula (6) is to deduct the basic truth of a matter, can be moved between upper count off location by this formula
Minimum positive number interval；Formula (7) is that numerical value is unified into 16 unsigned numbers, had so not only remained the precision of data but also had ensured to go
Except useless word length；X1, x2, x3, x4, x5 represent channel sample original value (complement of two's two's complement of n1 position), conversion unification respectively
Value after word length, the meansigma methodss tried to achieve, remove inactive low after value, deduct the value after the basic truth of a matter.
Application layer data inverse transformation based on resolution table processes and carries out data parsing according to formula (8), and table 5,6 is monitoring section
The data parsing of point, e is the actual value that final physical value is sensing layer monitoring node channel acquisition, and x is from perception
The data that layer transmission comes up:
E=x d+bl (8)
The data parsing of table 5 monitoring point 1
The data parsing of table 6 monitoring point 2
(3.5) generate configuration and download file, this configuration is downloaded file and will be downloaded to the sensor of sensing layer by transport layer
In monitoring node, stored using hex file format here, using two-dimensional array data structure.
(4) transport layer wirelessly or non-wirelessly download protocol design.The present invention is by the way of wireless downloading in this embodiment
Carry out, the wireless communication module being adopted is zigbee module, is downloaded according to the interaction flow shown in Fig. 4.
(5) sensing layer monitoring node design.The sensing layer monitoring node mainly collection of complete paired data and simple process, this
Individual process, developer can complete to develop by general development approach.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of be easy to configure monitoring system of internet of things fast construction method it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1), the Requirement Description based on natural language: for the monitoring system of internet of things implemented, developer and user
Carry out demand analyses, and form Requirement Description document；
(2), it is based on half formalization or formal requirement description: because natural language has ambiguity, obtained by step (1)
Document there may be mistake or contradiction, the Requirement Description document that developer obtains according to step (1) pass through half formalization or
Formal Languages re-start requirement description and checking, with the correctness of the user's description obtained by guaranteeing；If developer can be true
The Requirement Description determined obtained by step (1) is correct, then can skip step (2) and enter step (3)；
(3), application layer constructs allocation list and the resolution table of monitoring system of internet of things project: by determined by step (1), (2)
Requirement Description document, the allocation list of construction institute development system.By extracting the monitored target feature in requirement description, prison
Quantitation and position, monitoring accuracy and alert if, the sensor type of required installation, collection and sample frequency description, are carried out
Allocation list constructs；Construction allocation list keynote idea be by passage abstract, allocation list, numerical transformation realize program and data is complete
Fully separating, slave computer is uniformly processed, need not know the physical significance of institute's monitoring object, thus convenient configure and transplant；For need
Ask description, construct the allocation list of monitoring system of internet of things and resolution table according to following subprocess, set up numerical value conversion map relation:
(3.1), Multi-channel monitoring signal abstraction is multiplexer channel, so that followed by being uniformly processed.Sensing layer is disposed with n prison
Survey acquisition node, each monitoring acquisition node contains n sensor, then each monitoring acquisition node contains n paths；Passage class
Type be divided into analog quantity, digital quantity, switching value, linear, non-linear, pulse, mixing, other etc. eight types；Each passage defines
A port, port type represents the source of this channel signal；Port address is virtual address, with this in general record circuit diagram
The holding wire sequence number that port is connected；
(3.2), construct allocation list: allocation list is to use for sensing layer monitoring node, and main thought is to realize by allocation list
Any number of sensor, any type of sensor, any acquisition logic are configured.Allocation list will be by under transport layer
It is loaded onto sensing layer monitoring node, according to the rule in allocation list, can achieve and monitor value is uniformly processed, both met Gao Ling
The configurable, demand of code easy care easily transplanting alive, achieves low-power consumption again；
Allocation list structure is the two-dimentional relation table of n row m row, and wherein n is number of active lanes, for sake of convenience, m row is divided into basic genus
Property, channel characteristic, three groups of detection requirement, it is basic that base attribute group includes monitoring variable title, sensor identification, physical quantity unit
Information；Channel characteristic group includes channel type, port type, port address, single acquisition duration, collection numerical value word length, invalid
Low level, report word length, dividing value, measurement floor value, these channel informations of passage precision in measurement；Detection requirement group includes monitoring
High level, monitoring minimum, upper limit alarm value, lower limit alarming value, minimum reservation difference, minimum transmission difference, precision, normal acquisition
Frequency, report to the police collection frequency, sampling number, sleep interval；
(3.3), tectonic knot table: resolution table is to use for application layer parsing institute gathered data, the data passed back from sensing layer
It is the data through configuring table transform, need to carry out inverse transformation parsing and just can obtain actual physical amount, resolution table essential record
Relevant parameter in inverse transformation；
Resolution table structure is the two-dimentional relation table of n row m row, and wherein n is number of active lanes, for sake of convenience, m row is divided into calculating base
Number and calculating two groups of sample, calculating basis group mainly includes equivalent value, the basic truth of a matter, upper warning number, lower warning number, short biography
Difference, minimum poor, normal acquisition frequency, warning collection frequency, sampling interval number；Calculate sample group mainly include hits, on
Count off, detection limit；
(3.4), set up numerical transformation mapping, have allocation list and resolution table in addition it is also necessary to line translation is entered to numerical relation therein
Mapping, conversion is divided into anti-based on the sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process of allocation list and the application layer data based on resolution table
Conversion process two parts, the variable of following calculating process all can obtain from allocation list and resolution table:
Sensing layer monitoring node is tried to achieve successively according to equation below based on the sensing layer monitoring node data conversion process of allocation list
Certain passage finally reports numerical value x:
D=(ah-al)/2n1-n2(1)
xmin=bl/d (2)
x2=x1(3)
x4=x3/2n2(5)
x5=x4-xmtn(6)
X=xb(7)
Wherein, formula (1) is to calculate certain passage precision d, and wherein ah and al represents passage measurable physical quantity maximum respectively
And minima, n1, n2 represent word length and the inactive low number of collection numerical value respectively；Formula (2) is to calculate the basic truth of a matter, is 32
The complement of two's two's complement, bl is the minima needing to measure physical quantity；Formula (3) is that the original value of channel sample is converted into unified word
Long；Formula (4) is the meansigma methodss of multiple repairing weld value, needs to use division due to averaging it is contemplated that chip calculates adopts two
System, therefore general sampling number is 2 index power；Formula (5) is to remove inactive low, can remove shakiness by this formula
Fixed, unwanted low level；Formula (6) is to deduct the basic truth of a matter, can move to minimum by between upper count off location by this formula
Positive number interval；Formula (7) is that numerical value is unified into 16 unsigned numbers, had so not only remained the precision of data but also had ensured to eliminate
Useless word length；X1, x2, x3, x4, x5 represent respectively channel sample original value, the value after the unified word length of conversion, try to achieve average
Value, remove inactive low after value, deduct the value after the basic truth of a matter；
Application layer data inverse transformation based on resolution table processes and carries out data parsing according to formula (8), and e is that final physical value is
For the actual value of sensing layer monitoring node channel acquisition, x is the data caught from sensing layer:
E=x d+bl (8)
(3.5), generate configuration and download file: this configuration is downloaded file and will be downloaded to the Sensor monitoring of sensing layer by transport layer
In node；Configuration download file be converted to according to certain data structure by allocation list, can using array, two-dimensional array, make by oneself
These data structures such as adopted structure, Priority Queues, can need to be designed according to monitoring node；
(4), transport layer wirelessly or non-wirelessly download protocol design: for realizing system rapid build and remote debugging, reduce exploit person
The difficulty of member's exploitation in field, transport layer need to provide download program function, and application layer as needed can be by under program, allocation list
It is loaded onto sensing layer monitoring node, this is accomplished by related download agreement, downloading process can be carried out by wirelessly or non-wirelessly mode；
(5), sensing layer monitoring node design: the collection of the complete paired data of sensing layer monitoring node and simple process, this process
Developer can complete to develop by general development approach.
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