CN106356540B - A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type - Google Patents

A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106356540B
CN106356540B CN201611055411.6A CN201611055411A CN106356540B CN 106356540 B CN106356540 B CN 106356540B CN 201611055411 A CN201611055411 A CN 201611055411A CN 106356540 B CN106356540 B CN 106356540B
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heat exchanger
pipeline
outlet
entrance
fuel cell
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CN106356540A (en
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杨帆
王浩
张锡鑫
田文涛
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H01M8/04022Heating by combustion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating systems of dish-style light-focusing type, the system is focused solar energy using the paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator external steam reformation and the required heat of air preheat for obtaining fuel hydrocarbone of the high temperature to supplement solid oxide fuel cell power generating system, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows the energy being utilized in solid oxide fuel cell tail gas and renewable energy solar energy, the generating efficiency for improving solid oxide fuel cell power generating system, realizes energy-saving and emission-reduction.

Description

A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid oxide fuel cell technical field of power generation, and in particular to a kind of solid of dish-style light-focusing type Oxide fuel cell power generating system.
Background technology
Solid oxide fuel cell running temperature is high (700~1000 DEG C), can directly use hydrocarbon conduct Fuel, these hydrocarbons usually require to be restructured as hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and electrochemistry then occurs in cell stack anode side Oxidation reaction, while producing electricl energy and high temperature heat.However, the reformation of hydrocarbon external steam is that a kind of caloric receptivity is prodigious Reaction, can significantly reduce galvanic anode side entrance fuel temperature, influence cell power generation amount, while air enters stack cathode side It is preceding to be at least heated to 500 DEG C to avoid thermal shock, therefore also have to heat required.
Invention content
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of solid oxide fuel cell of dish-style light-focusing type Electricity generation system, the external steam that can solve the fuel of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system is reformed and air preheat is to heat The problem of demand of amount.
To achieve the above object, it is adopted the following technical scheme that by invention:
A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type, including external reformer chamber, First Heat Exchanger, Second heat exchanger, anode wind turbine, solid oxide fuel cell, cathode wind turbine, third heat exchanger, methane air source, condenser, Four heat exchangers, air-source, the 5th heat exchanger, combustion chamber, solar heat absorber, paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator;
The outlet of the external reformer chamber is connected to the entrance of First Heat Exchanger by pipeline, and the First Heat Exchanger goes out Mouth is connected to the entrance of the second heat exchanger by pipeline, and the outlet of second heat exchanger passes through pipeline with the entrance of anode wind turbine Connection, the outlet of the anode wind turbine is connected to the entrance of First Heat Exchanger by pipeline, the outlet of the First Heat Exchanger with The anode inlet of solid oxide fuel cell is connected to by pipeline, the anode export difference of the solid oxide fuel cell It is connected to by pipeline with the entrance of the entrance of external reformer chamber and First Heat Exchanger, the outlet of the First Heat Exchanger and condenser Entrance be connected to by pipeline, the outlet of the cathode wind turbine is connected to the entrance of third heat exchanger by pipeline, the third The outlet of heat exchanger is connected to the cathode inlet of solid oxide fuel cell by pipeline, the solid oxide fuel cell Cathode outlet be connected to by pipeline with the entrance of third heat exchanger;
The outlet of the methane air source is connected to the entrance of condenser by pipeline, and the outlet of the condenser is changed with the 4th The entrance of hot device is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the 4th heat exchanger passes through the anode of pipeline and solid oxide fuel cell The entrance of pipeline connection between outlet and the entrance of external reformer chamber, the air-source and the 5th heat exchanger is connected by pipeline Logical, the outlet of the 5th heat exchanger is connected to the entrance of cathode wind turbine by pipeline, the outlet and combustion of the third heat exchanger The entrance for burning room is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the entrance of combustion chamber by pipeline, the combustion chamber Outlet be connected to by pipeline with the entrance of the solar heat absorber positioned at paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator focal point, it is described too The outlet of positive energy heat dump is connected to the entrance of the 4th heat exchanger by pipeline, the outlet of the 4th heat exchanger and the 5th heat exchange The entrance of device is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the 5th heat exchanger is as exhaust gas exhaust outlet.
Further, the methane air source is supplied using natural gas line.
Further, the First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, third heat exchanger, condenser, the 4th heat exchanger, the 5th Heat exchanger is plate heat exchanger.
Further, the anode wind turbine uses Cyclone wind motor.
Further, the cathode wind turbine uses centrifugal blower.
Further, the solar heat absorber uses cellular ceramic foam structure.
Further, the reflecting surface of the paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator is the glass or coating that coating is aluminium or silver For aluminium or the plastics of silver.
Further, the paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator supports by mechanical structure and is mounted on Near Ground, peace Maximum beam radia intensity at holding position is not less than 800W/m2, while concentrator uses double-axis tracking.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:1, the energy in solid oxide fuel cell tail gas is utilized;2, being utilized can Renewable sources of energy solar energy;3, the generating efficiency of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system is improved;4, energy-saving and emission-reduction are realized.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Wherein:1, methane air source;2, condenser;3, heat exchanger;4, external reformer chamber;5, heat exchanger;6, heat exchanger;7, positive Polar wind machine;8, solid oxide fuel cell;9, air-source;10, heat exchanger;11, cathode wind turbine;12, heat exchanger;13, it burns Room;14, solar heat absorber;15, paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type as shown in Figure 1, including external reformer chamber 4, First Heat Exchanger 5, the second heat exchanger 6, anode wind turbine 7, solid oxide fuel cell 8, cathode wind turbine 11, third heat exchanger 12, methane air source 1, condenser 2, the 4th heat exchanger 3, air-source 9, the 5th heat exchanger 10, combustion chamber 13, solar heat absorber 14, paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator 15;The outlet of the external reformer chamber 4 and the entrance of First Heat Exchanger 5 are connected by pipeline Logical, the outlet of the First Heat Exchanger 5 is connected to the entrance of the second heat exchanger 6 by pipeline, the outlet of second heat exchanger 6 It is connected to by pipeline with the entrance of anode wind turbine 7, the outlet of the anode wind turbine 7 passes through pipeline with the entrance of First Heat Exchanger 5 Connection, the outlet of the First Heat Exchanger 5 is connected to the anode inlet of solid oxide fuel cell 8 by pipeline, described solid Entrance of the anode export of oxide body fuel cell 8 respectively with the entrance of external reformer chamber 4 and First Heat Exchanger 5 passes through pipeline Connection, the outlet of the First Heat Exchanger 5 is connected to the entrance of condenser 2 by pipeline, the outlet of the cathode wind turbine 11 and The entrance of third heat exchanger 12 is connected to by pipeline, outlet and the solid oxide fuel cell 8 of the third heat exchanger 12 Cathode inlet is connected to by pipeline, and the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 8 is logical with the entrance of third heat exchanger 12 Piping is connected to;
The outlet of methane air source 1 is connected to the entrance of condenser 2 by pipeline, and the outlet of the condenser 2 is changed with the 4th The entrance of hot device 3 is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the 4th heat exchanger 3 passes through pipeline and solid oxide fuel cell 8 Pipeline connection between anode export and the entrance of external reformer chamber 4, the outlet of the air-source 9 and entering for the 5th heat exchanger 10 Mouth is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the 5th heat exchanger 10 is connected to the entrance of cathode wind turbine 11 by pipeline, the third The outlet of heat exchanger 12 is connected to the entrance of combustion chamber 13 by pipeline, the entrance of the outlet and combustion chamber 13 of the condenser 2 It is connected to by pipeline, the outlet of the combustion chamber 13 and the solar energy heat absorbing positioned at 15 focal point of paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator The entrance of device 14 is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the solar heat absorber 14 and the entrance of the 4th heat exchanger 3 are connected by pipeline Logical, the outlet of the 4th heat exchanger 3 is connected to the entrance of the 5th heat exchanger 10 by pipeline.Make the outlet of 5th heat exchanger 10 For exhaust gas exhaust outlet.
Condenser 2 makes it easier to burn for condensing anode exhaust gas and removing water therein, it is a kind of heat exchanger, uses Plate heat exchanger, anode exhaust gas impart heat to the room temperature methane of the outflow of methane air source 1 to realize tail gas heat quantity by condenser 2 Recycling.
4th heat exchanger 3 uses plate heat exchanger, for the high temperature for obtaining solar energy from solar heat absorber 14 to be mixed The heat transfer of gas makes it further heat up to methane.
External reformer chamber 4 is used to provide place for the steam reforming reaction of methane, its outside carries out heat preservation insulation, Noble-metal reforming catalyst such as platinum etc. is installed on the foamed metal structures of the inside.
First Heat Exchanger 5 uses plate heat exchanger, the heat of the gas for coming out anode exhaust gas and external reformer chamber 4 Pass to the gas for being come out from anode wind turbine 7 and will entering solid oxide fuel cell 8.
Second heat exchanger 6 uses plate heat exchanger, is used for further cooling anode inlet gas, because anode wind turbine 7 Inlet gas has temperature limiting.
Anode wind turbine 7 uses Cyclone wind motor, for promoting the gas pressure come out from the second heat exchanger 6, blows into solid The anode of oxide body fuel cell 8.
Solid oxide fuel cell 8 is used to convert the chemical energy of fuel in the device of electric energy, by anode, electrolyte and Cathode forms, and anode material is nickel-zirconia blend, and electrolyte is the zirconium oxide of stabilized with yttrium oxide, and cathode material is Lanthanum-strontium ferro-cobalt.
Air-source 9 is used to provide cathode oxidant for solid oxide fuel cell power generating system, can be directly from ring around It is obtained in the air in border.
5th heat exchanger 10 uses plate heat exchanger, for the next normal temperature air of the conveying of preheated air source 9, the heat of gained Measure the remaining thermal energy got by solar energy conversion in the gas after the 4th heat exchanger 3.
Cathode wind turbine 11 uses centrifugal blower, for promoting the gas pressure come out from the 5th heat exchanger 10, blows into Third heat exchanger 12.
Third heat exchanger 12 uses plate heat exchanger, for before the cathode that air enters solid oxide fuel cell 8 Further heating air is at least 500 DEG C, to avoid thermal shock.
Combustion chamber 13 is used to provide anode exhaust gas and the place of cathode exhaust gas burning is residual in anode exhaust gas further to discharge The energy of the fuel stayed is made of shell, thermal insulation layer, igniter etc..
Solar heat absorber 14 is used to absorb the solar energy of the aggregation of paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator 15 and it is turned The thermal energy for turning to the mixed gas come out from combustion chamber 13, using cellular ceramic foam structure.
Paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator 15 is for gathering on solar heat absorber 14 sunray to obtain high temperature Thermal energy, ideal shape are the paraboloids of revolution, can also be permitted that multi-faced mirror is approximate to obtain a rotary parabolic in practical application Face, reflecting surface are realized using aluminium or deposition of silver on glass or plastics.
Specific workflow of the present invention is:Methane air source 1 provides fuel, natural gas line may be used to supply, but want Desulfurization is carried out to natural gas to prevent anode and reforming catalyst to be poisoned.Methane (25 DEG C of temperature) is with the stream of 0.275 moles/min Amount is transported to condenser 2, and methane gas stream is heated to 300 while removing most of water in anode exhaust gas by heat exchange DEG C, pressure is constant, and it is mixed that the methane then to heat up is transported to the high temperature that the 4th heat exchanger 3 obtains in solar heat absorber 14 It closes the heat that gas transmission comes and is heated to 600 DEG C and obtain high-temperature methane, pressure is constant.Then anodic is added in high-temperature methane In circulating air and it is transported to external reformer chamber 4, the air-flow (557 DEG C of temperature) after reformation is cooled to 200 into First Heat Exchanger 5 DEG C, 145 DEG C are further cooled to using the second heat exchanger 6, subsequently into anode wind turbine 7, pressure improves about during this 4kPa is warming up to 543 DEG C after then entering back into First Heat Exchanger 5.Air-flow after heating enters solid-oxide fuel cell stack 8 Anode-side, the air-flow reflected (765 DEG C of temperature) is separated into two strands, one be for recycle and with methane fuel gas Stream is mixed into external reformer chamber 4, proportion 86%, and another stock is anode exhaust gas, proportion 14%.
Anode exhaust gas subsequently enters First Heat Exchanger 5 and is cooled to 200 DEG C, then further cools down after being removed water by condenser 2 To 25 DEG C, then the remaining chemical energy of release is reacted in combustion chamber 13 with cathode exhaust gas and obtain gaseous mixture (220 DEG C of temperature).Mixing Gas enters the solar heat absorber 14 that one is located at 15 focal point of paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator and absorbs solar temperature rising extremely 650 DEG C, wherein paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator 15 supports by mechanical structure and is mounted on Near Ground, installed position Maximum beam radia intensity is not less than 800W/m2, while concentrator uses double-axis tracking.
The high-temperature gas mixture that subsequent solar heat absorber 14 comes out transfers heat to methane gas by the 4th heat exchanger 3 Stream, then conveys the normal temperature air to come by 10 preheated air source 9 of the 5th heat exchanger again, and final gaseous mixture becomes exhaust gas and quilt Discharge.The air draught that air-source 9 provides is preheated to 90 DEG C by the 5th heat exchanger 10, subsequently enters cathode wind turbine 11, this Pressure improves about 1.5kPa during one, and temperature is increased to 102 DEG C, and then air draught enters third heat exchanger 12 and come from The heat of cathodic exit gas stream is warming up to 727 DEG C and obtains cathode inlet air flow, and cathode inlet air flow subsequently enters soild oxide The cathode of fuel cell pack 8, the cathodic exit gas stream reflected (750 DEG C of temperature) is by third heat exchanger 12 by heat Cathode exhaust gas (110 DEG C of temperature) is obtained after being transmitted to air draught.Subsequent cathode exhaust gas enters combustion chamber 13 and occurs with anode exhaust gas Reaction.
Finally, gross generation of the invention is 2562W, net to generate electricity after the power consumption for subtracting anode wind turbine 7 and cathode wind turbine 11 Amount is 2135W, and net efficiency is up to 58.2%.
The present invention implement the technical solution method and approach it is very much, the above be only the present invention preferred implementation Mode, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, also Several improvements and modifications can be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.It is unknown in the present embodiment The available prior art of true each component part is realized.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type, including methane air source (1), condenser (2), Four heat exchangers (3), external reformer chamber (4), First Heat Exchanger (5), the second heat exchanger (6), anode wind turbine (7), soild oxide Fuel cell (8), air-source (9), the 5th heat exchanger (10), cathode wind turbine (11), third heat exchanger (12), combustion chamber (13), Solar heat absorber (14), paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator (15);
The outlet of the external reformer chamber (4) is connected to the entrance of First Heat Exchanger (5) by pipeline, the First Heat Exchanger (5) outlet is connected to the entrance of the second heat exchanger (6) by pipeline, outlet and the anode wind turbine of second heat exchanger (6) (7) entrance is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the anode wind turbine (7) is connected to the entrance of First Heat Exchanger (5) by pipeline, The outlet of the First Heat Exchanger (5) is connected to the anode inlet of solid oxide fuel cell (8) by pipeline, the solid Entrance of the anode export of oxide fuel cell (8) respectively with the entrance of external reformer chamber (4) and First Heat Exchanger (5) passes through Pipeline is connected to, and the outlet of the First Heat Exchanger (5) is connected to the entrance of condenser (2) by pipeline, the cathode wind turbine (11) outlet is connected to the entrance of third heat exchanger (12) by pipeline, outlet and the solid oxygen of the third heat exchanger (12) The cathode inlet of compound fuel cell (8) is connected to by pipeline, the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (8) and The entrance of three heat exchangers (12) is connected to by pipeline;
It is characterized in that:The outlet of the methane air source (1) is connected to the entrance of condenser (2) by pipeline, the condenser (2) outlet is connected to the entrance of the 4th heat exchanger (3) by pipeline, the outlet of the 4th heat exchanger (3) by pipeline with Pipeline connection between the anode export of solid oxide fuel cell (8) and the entrance of external reformer chamber (4), the air-source (9) it is connected to by pipeline with the entrance of the 5th heat exchanger (10), the outlet of the 5th heat exchanger (10) and cathode wind turbine (11) Entrance be connected to by pipeline, the outlet of the third heat exchanger (12) is connected to the entrance of combustion chamber (13) by pipeline, institute The outlet for stating condenser (2) is connected to the entrance of combustion chamber (13) by pipeline, the outlet of the combustion chamber (13) and positioned at rotation The entrance for turning the solar heat absorber (14) of parabolic dish type concentrator (15) focal point is connected to by pipeline, and the solar energy is inhaled The outlet of hot device (14) is connected to the entrance of the 4th heat exchanger (3) by pipeline, the outlet and the 5th of the 4th heat exchanger (3) The entrance of heat exchanger (10) is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the 5th heat exchanger (10) is as exhaust gas exhaust outlet.
2. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type according to claim 1, feature exist In the methane air source (1) is supplied using natural gas line.
3. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type according to claim 1, feature exist In the First Heat Exchanger (5), the second heat exchanger (6), third heat exchanger (12), condenser (2), the 4th heat exchanger (3), Five heat exchangers (10) are plate heat exchanger.
4. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type according to claim 1, feature exist In the anode wind turbine (7) uses Cyclone wind motor.
5. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type according to claim 1, feature exist In the cathode wind turbine (11) uses centrifugal blower.
6. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type according to claim 1, feature exist In the solar heat absorber (14) uses cellular ceramic foam structure.
7. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type according to claim 1, feature exist In the reflecting surface of the paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator (15) is that coating is aluminium or silver-colored glass or coating is aluminium or silver Plastics.
8. a kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system of dish-style light-focusing type according to claim 1, feature exist In the paraboloid of revolution dish-style concentrator (15) supports by mechanical structure and be mounted on Near Ground, installed position Maximum beam radia intensity is not less than 800W/m2, while concentrator uses double-axis tracking.
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CN110217121A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-09-10 中弗(无锡)新能源有限公司 Distributed SOFC charging system
CN110182077A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-08-30 中弗(无锡)新能源有限公司 Mobile SOFC shares charging vehicle, system and charging method
CN115441009B (en) * 2022-11-08 2023-04-07 广东佛燃科技有限公司 Fresnel light-gathering heat-collecting solid oxide fuel cell power generation system

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