CN106355923B - Wisdom navigation system and air navigation aid based on Real-time Traffic Information under car networking environment - Google Patents
Wisdom navigation system and air navigation aid based on Real-time Traffic Information under car networking environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统及导航方法,属于车联网智慧服务领域,本发明构建基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统,通过对各个可能行车路线的实时交通信息统一编码解码进行信息传递,进而对交通信息进行加工处理来修正每一个可行的路径选择方案,最终通过最优路径选择算法得到实时的、智慧的最佳行车导航路线。本发明在提高导航效率、减轻城市交通压力、降低道路交通事故率、减少能耗、节约资源和保护环境方面具有重要的现实意义和实用价值。
The invention discloses an intelligent navigation system and a navigation method based on real-time traffic information in the environment of the Internet of Vehicles, belonging to the field of intelligent services of the Internet of Vehicles. Encoding and decoding are used to transmit information, and then the traffic information is processed to correct each feasible route selection scheme, and finally the real-time and intelligent optimal driving navigation route is obtained through the optimal route selection algorithm. The invention has important practical significance and practical value in improving navigation efficiency, reducing urban traffic pressure, reducing road traffic accident rate, reducing energy consumption, saving resources and protecting environment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于车联网智慧服务领域,具体涉及车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统及导航方法。The invention belongs to the field of intelligent services of the Internet of Vehicles, and in particular relates to an intelligent navigation system and a navigation method based on real-time traffic information in the environment of the Internet of Vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
在传统导航系统中,驾驶者通过导航路线选择对已设定的目标地点的各个可能行车路线的使司机能够在超视距的范围内获得其他车辆的状况信息和实时路况信息,在事故预警、保障交通安全以及为用户提供舒适的驾驶环境等安全方面起到了巨大的作用。但是常常会出现这样的情况--某人i根据以往行车经验选择了从起点r出发到终点s的一条最经济、最快速的路径k,路径k包含路段a,但刚出发就收到广播(或其他途径),“因交通事故路段a发生堵塞”,于是就重新搜索了一条不包含路段a的最经济、最快速的路径(包含路径b),但当i到达路段b时,再次收到一条广播信息“路段b发生堵塞,路段a已疏通”。因此,这种不够智慧的导航系统,在现实生活中的道路施工养护、行车路段的巨大车流量、行车路段发生的交通事故以及所引发交通堵塞等情况下,都会极大消弱导航的效率。In the traditional navigation system, the driver selects each possible driving route to the set target location through the navigation route, so that the driver can obtain the status information of other vehicles and real-time road condition information within the range of over-the-horizon. It has played a huge role in ensuring traffic safety and providing users with a comfortable driving environment. But it often happens that someone i chooses the most economical and fastest path k from the starting point r to the ending point s based on his previous driving experience. The path k includes road section a, but he receives a broadcast ( or other ways), "due to a traffic accident, road section a is blocked", so a new search for the most economical and fastest path (including path b) that does not include road section a, but when i arrives at road section b, it is received again A broadcast message "The road section b is blocked, and the road section a has been cleared". Therefore, this kind of navigation system that is not smart enough will greatly weaken the efficiency of navigation in real life road construction maintenance, huge traffic flow on the driving section, traffic accidents on the driving section, and traffic jams caused by it.
中国专利CN104867350A公开了一种基于车联网的导航方法及系统、动态监控方法及系统,但其提供的方法属于被动提供实时交通信息,没有体现出导航系统的主动性和智慧性;中国专利CN102708698A公开了一种基于车联网的车辆最优路径导航方法,需要获取路网内所有车辆确定的、实时的起始和终止信息,数据收集及整理过程繁琐,实时性将受到一定影响。Chinese patent CN104867350A discloses a navigation method and system based on the Internet of Vehicles, a dynamic monitoring method and system, but the method provided by it belongs to the passive provision of real-time traffic information, which does not reflect the initiative and intelligence of the navigation system; Chinese patent CN102708698A discloses A vehicle optimal path navigation method based on the Internet of Vehicles is proposed. It is necessary to obtain the definite and real-time start and end information of all vehicles in the road network. The data collection and sorting process is cumbersome, and the real-time performance will be affected to a certain extent.
本发明在车联网基础设施建设逐步完善和车联网技术的飞速发展情况下,综合应用现代信息技术、传感技术、云计算等关键技术,通过对各个可能行车路线的里程、通行状况、道路行车状况等实时交通信息的统一编码、传播、接收以及实时监控与分析处理,实时、智慧地规划、选择、建立最佳行车导航路线。这对提高导航效率、减轻城市交通压力、减少道路交通事故的发生、节约资源和保护环境等,具有重要的现实意义。Under the conditions of the gradual improvement of the infrastructure construction of the Internet of Vehicles and the rapid development of the Internet of Vehicles technology, the present invention comprehensively applies key technologies such as modern information technology, sensing technology, and cloud computing, and analyzes the mileage, traffic conditions, and road traffic of each possible driving route. Unified encoding, dissemination, reception, real-time monitoring, analysis and processing of real-time traffic information such as conditions, real-time and intelligent planning, selection, and establishment of the best driving navigation route. This has important practical significance for improving navigation efficiency, reducing urban traffic pressure, reducing road traffic accidents, saving resources and protecting the environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服传统车载导航难以给出导航路线随实时交通信息自动更新的不足,本发明提供了车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统及导航方法。In order to overcome the disadvantage that the traditional vehicle navigation is difficult to provide the navigation route automatically updated with real-time traffic information, the present invention provides an intelligent navigation system and navigation method based on real-time traffic information in the Internet of Vehicles environment.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现上述技术目的的。The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical purpose through the following technical solutions.
车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航方法,包括以下步骤:The intelligent navigation method based on real-time traffic information under the Internet of Vehicles environment includes the following steps:
S1,构建车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统,智慧导航系统包括交通信息发布服务器、交通信息发布软件和地图服务器,所述交通信息发布软件从地图服务器加载地图,设计交通信息发布软件获取交通信息的程序接口,交通信息发布软件从交通信息发布服务器获取交通信息,并对交通信息进行解码处理之后在地图上显示;S1. Build a smart navigation system based on real-time traffic information in the Internet of Vehicles environment. The smart navigation system includes a traffic information release server, traffic information release software, and a map server. The traffic information release software loads maps from the map server, and designs traffic information release software. The program interface for obtaining traffic information, the traffic information release software obtains traffic information from the traffic information release server, decodes the traffic information and displays it on the map;
S2,在交通信息发布软件中建立道路固有信息和影响道路交通正常通行的特征数据库,采用软硬件协同设计方法建设道路路侧设施;S2. Establish road inherent information and feature databases that affect normal traffic in the traffic information release software, and use software and hardware collaborative design methods to construct roadside facilities;
S3,通过短程无线通信协议和远程无线通信协议获取待行路段上的交通信息,通过道路路侧设施获取交通信息中影响道路正常通行的特征因素及特征因素的权值,并将获取的影响道路正常通行的特征因素及特征因素的权值加入特征数据库;S3. Obtain the traffic information on the road section to be traveled through the short-range wireless communication protocol and the long-range wireless communication protocol, obtain the characteristic factors and the weights of the characteristic factors in the traffic information that affect the normal traffic of the road through the roadside facilities, and use the acquired influence road The normal traffic characteristic factors and their weights are added to the characteristic database;
S4,通过对行车路径的对比分析和评估,修正路径选择方案;S4, through the comparative analysis and evaluation of the driving route, correcting the route selection plan;
S5,根据修正后的最优行车路径方案,导航系统进行最优路径选择。S5. According to the corrected optimal driving route scheme, the navigation system selects the optimal route.
进一步,所述S2中的道路固有信息包括道路编号、车道、道路材料。Further, the inherent road information in S2 includes road number, lane, and road material.
进一步,所述S2中采用软硬件协同设计方法中的软件为车载导航系统-路-交通信息中心之间的实时信息交互技术,硬件为高性能处理器、多模无线通信集成电路IC多模通信的路边单元RSU。Further, in said S2, the software in the software-hardware collaborative design method is the real-time information interaction technology between the vehicle navigation system-road-traffic information center, and the hardware is a high-performance processor, a multi-mode wireless communication integrated circuit IC multi-mode communication Roadside Unit RSU.
进一步,所述车载导航系统-路-交通信息中心之间的实时信息交互技术包含实时交互技术、可靠交互技术和安全交互技术。Further, the real-time information interaction technology between the vehicle navigation system-road-traffic information center includes real-time interaction technology, reliable interaction technology and safe interaction technology.
进一步,所述S3中影响道路正常通行的特征因素包括路线里程、仍可通行的道路施工及其养护、不可通行的道路施工及其养护、路段上发生交通事故、路段上发生堵塞、路段存在安全隐患以及路段车道数。Further, the characteristic factors affecting normal road traffic in S3 include route mileage, still passable road construction and its maintenance, impassable road construction and its maintenance, traffic accidents on the road section, blockage on the road section, and safety on the road section. Hidden dangers and the number of lanes on the road section.
进一步,所述S4通过对行车路径的对比分析和评估,修正路径选择方案的具体过程为:Further, the specific process of modifying the route selection scheme in S4 through the comparative analysis and evaluation of the driving route is as follows:
S4.1,从特征数据库中获取待行路段的相关信息,给获取的相关信息赋予权值;S4.1. Obtain relevant information of the road section to be traveled from the feature database, and assign weights to the obtained relevant information;
S4.2,从特征数据库中获取各种影响道路正常通行的特征因素,采用平均值的方式获取这些特征因素的权值;S4.2. Obtain various characteristic factors that affect the normal traffic of the road from the characteristic database, and obtain the weights of these characteristic factors in the form of an average value;
S4.3,根据待行路段的相关信息权值和影响道路交通正常通行的特征因素的权值划分行车路线的优先级,来确定一个行车路径的最优方案。S4.3. According to the relevant information weight of the road section to be traveled and the weight of the characteristic factors affecting the normal traffic of road traffic, the priority of the driving route is divided to determine an optimal scheme of the driving route.
进一步,所述S5导航系统进行最优路径选择的具体过程为:Further, the specific process for the S5 navigation system to select the optimal route is:
记路网中所有点的集合V和所有点中任意两点连接形成的弧的集合A组成的有向网络为D=(V,A);记p是以vs为始点、vt为终点的一条路径,p的集合为P;记w(p)为路径p中所有弧的权值的和;如果p0∈P,且w(p0)=min{w(p)},则称p0是以vs为始点、vt为终点的最短路径;Note that the directed network composed of the set V of all points in the road network and the set A of arcs formed by connecting any two points in all points is D=(V, A); note that p is based on v s as the starting point and v t as the end point , the set of p is P; write w(p) as the sum of the weights of all arcs in the path p; if p 0 ∈ P, and w(p 0 )=min{w(p)}, then it is called p 0 is the shortest path starting from v s and ending at v t ;
S5.1,始点vs标上固定标号P(vs)=0,其余各点标临时性标号T(vj)=∞,j≠1,于是vs和vj组成点对(vs,vj);S5.1, the starting point v s is marked with a fixed label P(v s )=0, and the other points are marked with a temporary label T(v j )=∞, j≠1, so v s and v j form a point pair (v s , v j );
S5.2,若满足路径选择的条件:①任意点对(vi,vj)∈A,i∈N;②vi具有固定标号P;vj具有临时性标号T,则修改vj的临时性标号的值为min{T(vj),P(vi)+wij},并将结果仍记为T(vj);S5.2, if the path selection conditions are met: ①Any pair of points (v i , v j )∈A, i∈N; ②v i has a fixed label P; v j has a temporary label T, then modify the temporary of v j The value of the sex label is min{T(v j ), P(v i )+w ij }, and the result is still recorded as T(v j );
S5.3,若网络图中已无临时性标号T点,则路径选择停止;否则,令T(vj)=min{T(vj)},再将vj的临时性标号T改成固定标号P,转入S5.2;S5.3, if there is no temporary label T point in the network diagram, the path selection stops; otherwise, set T(v j )=min{T(v j )}, and then change the temporary label T of v j to Fixed label P, transfer to S5.2;
S5.4,重复执行S5.1-S5.3,实现导航系统最优路径选择。S5.4. Repeat S5.1-S5.3 to realize the optimal path selection of the navigation system.
车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统,包括交通信息发布服务器、交通信息发布软件和地图服务器;所述交通信息发布软件从地图服务器加载地图,设计交通信息发布软件获取交通信息的程序接口,交通信息发布软件从交通信息发布服务器获取交通信息,并对交通信息进行解码处理之后在地图上显示。An intelligent navigation system based on real-time traffic information under the Internet of Vehicles environment, including a traffic information release server, traffic information release software, and a map server; the traffic information release software loads maps from the map server, and designs a program interface for the traffic information release software to obtain traffic information , the traffic information release software acquires traffic information from the traffic information release server, decodes the traffic information and displays it on the map.
上述方案中,所述交通信息发布软件从交通信息发布服务器获取交通信息时,先通过交通信息的程序接口获得交通信息URL列表,再根据交通信息URL获得交通信息文件;交通信息发布软件从交通信息发布服务器获取交通信息时,需要按照TPEG协议将实时道路交通信息编码为XML文件,向交通信息发布服务器发送请求,对获取的信息采用PULL解析方式进行TPEG解码处理之后在地图上显示,为用户提供交通信息服务。In the above scheme, when the traffic information publishing software obtains the traffic information from the traffic information publishing server, it first obtains the traffic information URL list through the traffic information program interface, and then obtains the traffic information file according to the traffic information URL; the traffic information publishing software obtains the traffic information URL from the traffic information When the publishing server obtains traffic information, it needs to encode the real-time road traffic information into an XML file according to the TPEG protocol, send a request to the traffic information publishing server, use the PULL analysis method to perform TPEG decoding processing on the obtained information, and then display it on the map, providing users with traffic information service.
上述方案中,设计交通信息发布软件获取交通信息的程序接口包括实时交通信息查看接口设计和交通信息查询接口设计,设计程序接口的具体过程为:软件初始化、实时交通信息更新及交通信息查询。In the above scheme, the design of the program interface for the traffic information publishing software to obtain traffic information includes the design of the real-time traffic information viewing interface and the design of the traffic information query interface. The specific process of designing the program interface is: software initialization, real-time traffic information update and traffic information query.
本发明的有益效果为:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明对通过对行车路径的对比分析和评估,修正路径选择方案,并根据修正后的最优行车路径方案,导航系统进行最优路径选择,可减少驾驶员堵车时不必要的停车等待的时间,降低了油耗,节省开支,对节约资源、保护环境具有深远的意义。1. The present invention corrects the route selection plan through the comparative analysis and evaluation of the driving route, and according to the corrected optimal driving route plan, the navigation system selects the optimal route, which can reduce unnecessary parking and waiting for drivers in traffic jams It reduces fuel consumption and saves money, which has far-reaching significance for saving resources and protecting the environment.
2、本发明提出的智慧导航系统和导航方法可以充分利用通行能力良好的道路,提高行车效率,有效的缓解城市道路交通压力;另外,本发明提出的导航方法还可以同时对多辆车提供导航服务,避免驾驶员走错路、走弯路,同时可以了解交通信息,方便车辆的通行,提高了行驶安全的效率。2. The intelligent navigation system and navigation method proposed by the present invention can make full use of roads with good traffic capacity, improve driving efficiency, and effectively alleviate urban road traffic pressure; in addition, the navigation method proposed by the present invention can also provide navigation for multiple vehicles at the same time Service, to avoid the driver to go the wrong way, take a detour, and at the same time can understand the traffic information, facilitate the passage of vehicles, and improve the efficiency of driving safety.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明基于实时交通的智慧导航方法流程图;Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the intelligent navigation method based on real-time traffic of the present invention;
图2为本发明基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent navigation system based on real-time traffic information of the present invention;
图3为实时道路交通信息获取与解码显示过程示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the real-time road traffic information acquisition and decoding display process;
图4为本发明最优路径选择算法流程图。Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the optimal path selection algorithm of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图及具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
如图1所示,车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航方法流程图,包括步骤:As shown in Figure 1, the flow chart of the intelligent navigation method based on real-time traffic information in the Internet of Vehicles environment includes steps:
S1,构建车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航系统,如图2所示,智慧导航系统包括交通信息发布服务器、交通信息发布软件和地图服务器,交通信息发布软件从地图服务器加载地图,设计交通信息发布软件获取交通信息的程序接口,交通信息发布软件从交通信息发布服务器获取交通信息,并对交通信息进行解码处理之后在地图上显示;其中交通信息发布软件中包含了特征数据库和算法模型等用于实现数据的采集和分析功能。S1. Build a smart navigation system based on real-time traffic information in the Internet of Vehicles environment. As shown in Figure 2, the smart navigation system includes a traffic information release server, traffic information release software, and a map server. The traffic information release software loads maps from the map server. Design The program interface for the traffic information release software to obtain traffic information. The traffic information release software obtains traffic information from the traffic information release server, decodes the traffic information and displays it on the map; the traffic information release software includes a feature database and an algorithm model etc. are used to realize data collection and analysis functions.
S1.1,交通信息发布软件从地图服务器加载地图。S1.1, the traffic information release software loads the map from the map server.
S1.2,交通信息发布软件从交通信息发布服务器获得交通信息,交通信息发布软件按照TPEG协议将实时道路交通信息编码为XML文件,向交通信息发布服务器发送请求,对获取的信息采用PULL解析方式进行TPEG解码处理之后在地图上显示,为用户提供交通信息服务,如图3所示;交通信息发布软件向交通信息发布服务器请求交通信息,需要经过两步:S1.2. The traffic information release software obtains traffic information from the traffic information release server. The traffic information release software encodes the real-time road traffic information into an XML file according to the TPEG protocol, sends a request to the traffic information release server, and adopts the PULL analysis method for the obtained information. After TPEG decoding processing, it will be displayed on the map to provide users with traffic information services, as shown in Figure 3; the traffic information publishing software requests traffic information from the traffic information publishing server, which needs to go through two steps:
(1)通过交通信息的程序接口获得交通信息URL列表;交通信息发布软件按照表1和表2的程序接口向交通信息发布服务器请求交通信息,返回一个包含交通信息URL列表的XML文件,交通信息URL列表文件各字段含义如表3所示;(1) Obtain the traffic information URL list through the traffic information program interface; the traffic information publishing software requests traffic information from the traffic information publishing server according to the program interface in Table 1 and Table 2, and returns an XML file containing the traffic information URL list, traffic information The meaning of each field in the URL list file is shown in Table 3;
表1实时交通信息URL格式Table 1 URL format of real-time traffic information
表2查询实时交通信息URL格式Table 2 URL format for querying real-time traffic information
表3实时交通信息URL列表关键字段及含义Table 3 Key fields and meanings of real-time traffic information URL list
(2)根据交通信息URL获得交通信息文件;交通信息发布软件解析文件获得交通信息URL,然后通过URL获取TPEG协议编码的交通信息文件;为了降低信息冗余,提高通信带宽的利用率,根据交通信息发布系统的实际需求,按照TPEG协议对交通信息进行裁剪定制,TPEG定制的交通信息XML文件主要字段含义如表4所示。(2) Obtain the traffic information file according to the traffic information URL; the traffic information release software parses the file to obtain the traffic information URL, and then obtains the traffic information file encoded by the TPEG protocol through the URL; in order to reduce information redundancy and improve the utilization rate of communication bandwidth, according to traffic According to the actual requirements of the information release system, the traffic information is tailored and customized according to the TPEG protocol. The meanings of the main fields of the traffic information XML file customized by TPEG are shown in Table 4.
表4TPEG定制的交通信息XML文件主要字段及含义Table 4 The main fields and meanings of the traffic information XML file customized by TPEG
S1.3,程序接口设计;交通信息发布软件通过向交通信息发布服务器发送请求来获取经过TPEG编码的交通信息,请求接口主要包含实时交通信息查看接口和交通信息查询接口;S1.3, program interface design; the traffic information publishing software obtains the traffic information encoded by TPEG by sending a request to the traffic information publishing server, and the request interface mainly includes a real-time traffic information viewing interface and a traffic information query interface;
(1)实时交通信息查看接口,如表1所示;交通信息发布软件向交通信息发布服务器请求实时交通信息时按照表1中的URL格式发送HTTP请求,其中,视图范围用Android平台屏幕上地图视图左上角和右下角的地理坐标表示,地图等级表示当前地图视图的缩放级别,为4.0-20.0的浮点值;(1) Real-time traffic information viewing interface, as shown in Table 1; when the traffic information publishing software requests real-time traffic information from the traffic information publishing server, it sends an HTTP request according to the URL format in Table 1, wherein the view range uses the map on the screen of the Android platform The geographical coordinates in the upper left and lower right corners of the view indicate that the map level indicates the zoom level of the current map view, which is a floating point value of 4.0-20.0;
(2)交通信息查询接口,如表2所示;交通信息发布软件向交通信息发布服务器请求实时或历史交通信息时按照表2中的URL格式发送HTTP请求,其中,城市名称使用汉语拼音首字母大写缩写,道路名称使用汉字,日期格式化为yyyymmdd(年月日),时间格式化为hhmmss(时分秒),路况分为畅通、缓行、拥堵、严重拥堵4种情况,用1-4表示。(2) Traffic information query interface, as shown in Table 2; when the traffic information release software requests real-time or historical traffic information from the traffic information release server, it sends an HTTP request according to the URL format in Table 2, where the city name uses the first letter of the Chinese pinyin Capitalized abbreviations, road names using Chinese characters, date formatted as yyyymmdd (year, month, day), time formatted as hhmmss (hour, minute, second), road conditions are divided into four situations: smooth, slow, congested, and severely congested, represented by 1-4.
S1.4,设计交通信息发布软件获取交通信息的程序接口的具体过程包括软件初始化、实时交通信息更新及交通信息查询;S1.4, the specific process of designing the program interface for traffic information publishing software to obtain traffic information includes software initialization, real-time traffic information update and traffic information query;
(1)软件初始化(1) Software initialization
交通信息发布软件初始化流程按照以下Step1-Step3顺序执行:The initialization process of the traffic information release software is executed in the following order of Step1-Step3:
Step1,程序启动,初始化用户界面,包括菜单和地图视图等;Step1, the program starts and initializes the user interface, including menus and map views;
Step2,定位到用户当前位置,加载地图数据,显示地图;Step2, locate the user's current location, load the map data, and display the map;
Step3,启动用户操作监听和定时刷新机制,当用户进行拖动、缩放地图操作改变视图内的地图范围,或者定时时间到,则执行交通信息更新流程。Step3. Start the user operation monitoring and timing refresh mechanism. When the user drags or zooms the map to change the map range in the view, or when the timing is up, the traffic information update process will be executed.
(2)实时交通信息更新(2) Real-time traffic information update
实时交通信息更新流程按照以下Step1-Step6的顺序执行:The real-time traffic information update process is executed in the following order of Step1-Step6:
Step1,交通信息发布软件调用地图的应用程序编程接口(API)获取地图视图范围和缩放等级信息;Step1, the traffic information publishing software calls the application programming interface (API) of the map to obtain map view range and zoom level information;
Step2,将地图视图范围和缩放等级信息按照表3中的URL格式向交通信息发布服务器发送HTTP请求;Step2, send the HTTP request to the traffic information publishing server according to the URL format in Table 3 with the map view range and the zoom level information;
Step3,交通信息发布服务器收到请求后返回如表3所示的交通信息URL列表,其中包含所需实时交通信息文件的URL列表;Step3, the traffic information release server returns the traffic information URL list as shown in Table 3 after receiving the request, which contains the URL list of the required real-time traffic information files;
Step4,交通信息发布软件解析URL列表文件得到交通信息URL,通过URL获取实时TPEG交通信息文件;Step4, the traffic information publishing software parses the URL list file to obtain the traffic information URL, and obtains the real-time TPEG traffic information file through the URL;
Step5,交通信息发布软件使用TPEG解码程序对TPEG交通信息文件进行解析,获取实时交通信息原始数据;Step5, the traffic information release software uses the TPEG decoding program to analyze the TPEG traffic information file to obtain the original data of real-time traffic information;
Step6,交通信息发布软件对交通信息原始数据进行处理和格式转换,调用相关的API将交通信息更新显示到地图上。Step6, the traffic information publishing software processes and converts the original data of traffic information, and calls the relevant API to update and display the traffic information on the map.
此外,为了保证发布软件显示实时交通信息的准确性和实时性,当用户在较长时间内没有进行任何操作时,程序每隔120秒执行一次实时交通信息更新流程。In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy and real-time performance of the real-time traffic information displayed by the publishing software, when the user does not perform any operations for a long period of time, the program executes a real-time traffic information update process every 120 seconds.
(3)交通信息查询(3) Traffic information query
交通信息查询流程按照以下Step1-Step7的顺序执行:The traffic information query process is executed in the following order of Step1-Step7:
Step1,用户输入查询条件,包括城市名称、道路名称、日期、时间和路况等;Step1, the user enters query conditions, including city name, road name, date, time and road conditions, etc.;
Step2,交通信息发布软件将Step1中设置的查询条件信息按照表4中的URL格式向交通信息发布服务器发送HTTP请求;Step2, the traffic information release software sends the HTTP request to the traffic information release server according to the URL format in Table 4 according to the query condition information set in Step1;
Step3,交通信息发布服务器收到请求后返回一个如表3所示的交通信息URL列表,其中包含了所需交通信息文件的URL列表;Step3, the traffic information release server returns a traffic information URL list as shown in Table 3 after receiving the request, which includes the URL list of the required traffic information files;
Step4,交通信息发布软件通过解析URL列表文件得到URL,通过URL获取查询到的TPEG交通信息文件;Step4, the traffic information publishing software obtains the URL by parsing the URL list file, and obtains the TPEG traffic information file inquired through the URL;
Step5,交通信息发布软件使用TPEG解码程序对TPEG交通信息文件进行解析,获取交通信息原始数据;Step5, the traffic information release software uses the TPEG decoding program to analyze the TPEG traffic information file to obtain the original traffic information data;
Step6,交通信息发布软件对交通信息原始数据进行整理和格式转换,将交通信息添加到列表中显示;Step6, the traffic information publishing software organizes and converts the original traffic information data, and adds the traffic information to the list for display;
Step7,用户选择列表中的某一行或者某几行交通信息,确定后交通信息发布软件将对应的交通信息显示到地图上。Step7, the user selects a row or several rows of traffic information in the list, and after confirmation, the traffic information publishing software displays the corresponding traffic information on the map.
此外,为了提高交通信息发布软件响应速度,改善用户体验,在通过URL获取交通信息文件的过程中采用了多线程方法。In addition, in order to improve the response speed of the traffic information publishing software and improve the user experience, a multi-thread method is adopted in the process of obtaining traffic information files through URLs.
S2,在交通信息发布软件中建立道路固有信息和影响道路交通正常通行的特征数据库,采用软硬件协同设计方法建设道路路侧设施,其中道路固有信息包括道路编号、车道、道路材料;软件为车载导航系统-路-交通信息中心之间的实时信息交互技术,车载导航系统-路-交通信息中心之间的实时信息交互技术包含实时交互技术、可靠交互技术、安全交互技术;硬件为基于32位高性能处理器、多模无线通信集成电路IC多模通信的路边单元RSU。S2. Establish road inherent information and feature databases that affect normal traffic in the traffic information release software, and use software and hardware collaborative design methods to construct roadside facilities. The inherent road information includes road numbers, lanes, and road materials; the software is vehicle-mounted The real-time information interaction technology between navigation system-road-traffic information center, the real-time information interaction technology between vehicle navigation system-road-traffic information center includes real-time interaction technology, reliable interaction technology, and safe interaction technology; the hardware is based on 32-bit High-performance processor, multi-mode wireless communication integrated circuit IC multi-mode communication roadside unit RSU.
S3,通过802.11P/IEEE1609短程无线通信协议和3G/GPRS远程无线通信协议获取待行路段上的交通信息,通过道路路侧设施获取交通信息中影响道路正常通行的特征因素及特征因素的权值,并将获取的影响道路正常通行的特征因素及特征因素的权值加入特征数据库;影响道路正常通行的特征因素包括路线里程、仍可通行的道路施工及其养护、不可通行的道路施工及其养护、路段上发生交通事故、路段上发生堵塞、路段存在安全隐患以及路段车道数。S3, obtain the traffic information on the waiting road section through the 802.11P/IEEE1609 short-range wireless communication protocol and the 3G/GPRS long-range wireless communication protocol, and obtain the characteristic factors and the weights of the characteristic factors in the traffic information that affect the normal traffic of the road through the roadside facilities , and add the obtained characteristic factors and their weights that affect normal road traffic to the feature database; characteristic factors that affect normal road traffic include route mileage, passable road construction and its maintenance, impassable road construction and its Maintenance, traffic accidents on the road section, congestion on the road section, potential safety hazards on the road section, and the number of lanes on the road section.
S4,通过对行车路径的对比分析和评估,修正路径选择方案;S4, through the comparative analysis and evaluation of the driving route, correcting the route selection plan;
S4.1,从特征数据库中获取待行路段的相关信息,给获取的相关信息赋予权值;S4.1. Obtain relevant information of the road section to be traveled from the feature database, and assign weights to the obtained relevant information;
S4.2,从特征数据库中获取各种影响道路正常通行的特征因素,采用平均值的方式获取这些特征因素的权值;S4.2. Obtain various characteristic factors that affect the normal traffic of the road from the characteristic database, and obtain the weights of these characteristic factors in the form of an average value;
S4.3,根据待行路段的相关信息权值和影响道路交通正常通行的特征因素的权值划分行车路线的优先级,来确定一个行车路径的最优方案;S4.3, according to the relevant information weight of the road section to be traveled and the weight of the characteristic factors affecting the normal traffic of road traffic, the priority of the driving route is divided to determine the optimal scheme of a driving route;
当所有可能路线都存在影响交通正常通行特征因素时,只能从中选择一个较佳的方案了,这里要用到下面数学函数计算方法;若行驶的线路存在安全隐患时,应通过语音信息提示车辆驾驶员;车载导航路线选择评估方法采用路侧传感器设备、GPS系统、后台服务系统及其客户端,GPS系统包括GPS卫星和通信塔,GPS卫星和通信塔之间通过GPRS双向无线数据通信网络进行数据传输,通信塔通过Internet网络与后台服务系统通信,后台服务器系统包括通讯服务器、数据库服务器、Internet信息发布服务器和应用服务器,后台服务器系统通过Internet与车载导航设备通信。When all possible routes have characteristic factors that affect normal traffic flow, you can only choose a better solution. Here, the following mathematical function calculation method is used; if there is a potential safety hazard on the driving route, the vehicle should be prompted by voice information The driver; the vehicle navigation route selection evaluation method adopts roadside sensor equipment, GPS system, background service system and its client, the GPS system includes GPS satellites and communication towers, and the GPS satellites and communication towers are carried out through the GPRS two-way wireless data communication network For data transmission, the communication tower communicates with the background service system through the Internet network. The background server system includes a communication server, a database server, an Internet information publishing server and an application server. The background server system communicates with the vehicle navigation device through the Internet.
路线选择依据如表5所示。The basis for route selection is shown in Table 5.
表5路线选择主要依据因素及说明Table 5 Main factors and explanations for route selection
S5,根据修正后的最优行车路径方案,导航系统进行最优路径选择;S5, according to the corrected optimal driving route scheme, the navigation system selects the optimal route;
本系统正是基于车联网环境下的实时采集的道路交通信息,不断自动更新导航线路或者按照驾驶人请求自主选择生产最短行车路径,实现导航的智能化;因此,下面以图论为基础、一次最短路径实时导航为例,如图4所示,提出导航系统的最优路径选择算法,其中:This system is based on the real-time collection of road traffic information in the Internet of Vehicles environment, continuously automatically updates the navigation route or independently selects the shortest driving route according to the driver's request, and realizes the intelligentization of navigation; therefore, the following is based on graph theory. Taking the shortest path real-time navigation as an example, as shown in Figure 4, an optimal path selection algorithm for the navigation system is proposed, where:
①记路网中所有点的集合V和所有点中任意两点连接形成的弧的集合A组成的有向网络为D=(V,A);②记p是以vs为始点、vt为终点的一条路径,p的集合为P;③记w(p)为路径p中所有弧的权值的和;④如果p0∈P,且w(p0)=min{w(p)},则称p0是以vs为始点、vt为终点的最短路径;①Record the directed network composed of the set V of all points in the road network and the set A of arcs formed by connecting any two points in all points as D=(V,A); ②Record p with v s as the starting point, v t is a path at the end point, the set of p is P; ③Record w(p) as the sum of the weights of all arcs in the path p; ④If p 0 ∈ P, and w(p 0 )=min{w(p) }, then p 0 is said to be the shortest path starting from v s and ending at v t ;
S5.1,始点vs标上固定标号P(vs)=0,其余各点标临时性标号T(vj)=∞,j≠1,于是vs和vj组成点对(vs,vj);S5.1, the starting point v s is marked with a fixed label P(v s )=0, and the other points are marked with a temporary label T(v j )=∞, j≠1, so v s and v j form a point pair (v s , v j );
S5.2,若满足路径选择的条件:①任意点对(vi,vj)∈A,i∈N;②vi具有固定标号P;vj具有临时性标号T,则修改vj的临时性标号的值为min{T(vj),P(vi)+wij},并将结果仍记为T(vj);S5.2, if the path selection conditions are met: ①Any pair of points (v i , v j )∈A, i∈N; ②v i has a fixed label P; v j has a temporary label T, then modify the temporary of v j The value of the sex label is min{T(v j ), P(v i )+w ij }, and the result is still recorded as T(v j );
S5.3,若网络图中已无临时性标号T点,则路径选择停止;否则,令T(vj)=min{T(vj)},再将vj的临时性标号T改成固定标号P,转入S5.2;S5.3, if there is no temporary label T point in the network diagram, the path selection stops; otherwise, set T(v j )=min{T(v j )}, and then change the temporary label T of v j to Fixed label P, transfer to S5.2;
S5.4,重复执行S5.1-S5.3,实现导航系统最优路径选择。S5.4. Repeat S5.1-S5.3 to realize the optimal path selection of the navigation system.
以上对本发明所提供的车联网环境下基于实时交通信息的智慧导航方法进行了详细介绍,本发明应用了具体个例对本发明的原理和实施方式进行了阐述,所要说明的是,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The intelligent navigation method based on real-time traffic information under the Internet of Vehicles environment provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. The present invention has applied specific examples to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. What is to be explained is that the above is only It is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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