CN106353469A - Comprehensive evaluation method for quality of traditional Chinese medicine - Google Patents
Comprehensive evaluation method for quality of traditional Chinese medicine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive evaluation method for quality of traditional Chinese medicine. According to the method, the comprehensive index of the quality of a sample is taken as a quantitative index for evaluating sample quality, the comprehensive index of the quality is calculated by adopting a triangle area method; first, normalization processing for data is performed by adopting a ratio method, so as to eliminate dimensions, and different evaluation result data are changed to be numerical values from 0 to 1; second, the triangle area method is adopted for carrying out integrated processing on data in three dimensions of experience, chemistry and biology, so as to obtain quality embedded values (triangle area numerical values) of samples in different batches; finally, when the all data in the three dimensions are 1, the triangle area is the maximal, and triangle areas of all samples are used for dividing the maximal triangle area, so as to obtain the comprehensive index of the quality. According to the method in the application, the comprehensive index of the quality embodies the integral view of the traditional Chinese medicine, blends traditional cognition and modern cognition, and connects efficacy and safety.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to the field of Chinese medicines and in particular to a kind of integrated evaluating method of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal.
Background technology
As the saying goes " medical material is good, and medicine is better ", the good premise of medical material is to have commenting of " good " medical material first
Valency method and index.Index component content mensure is the main method of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal evaluation and refers at present
Mark, but surveyed index composition is not necessarily effective ingredient, indivedual index compositions are also difficult to represent
The quality of Chinese medicine overall quality.Traditional genuine medicinal materials character specification is evaluated, and is formed over the past thousands of years
Empirical evaluation method, still plays a significant role so far in practice, and document confirms Conventional wisdom in recent years
Evaluation has science and repeatability.The core of medical material " good " is meant that clinical efficacy is excellent, but mirror
The problems such as Medical Ethics and operability, using clinical laboratory evaluations medical material quanlity and unrealistic, because
This using association clinical efficacy, take into account accuracy and the biological assessment method of operability can be used as Chinese medicine
The important method of quality evaluation is supplemented.But the evaluation result of different evaluation method sometimes and differs
Cause, even conflicting, be unfavorable for holding on the whole and evaluate Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal.
Due to the complex material attribute of Chinese medicine, single method, single index have certain one-sidedness.
Comprehensive multiple evaluation indexes evaluate Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal on the whole, it is to avoid only discuss the deficiency of quality with composition,
It is increasingly becoming the important development direction of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal evaluation.More comprehensive index, its quality comments control power
Stronger, more can reflect the overall quality of Chinese medicine.
At present although there has been scholar this area using by index importance assessment and expert opinion
Determine that the weighting marking of weight carrys out the quality of quantitatively evaluating Chinese crude drug, but due to Character Evaluation, chemistry
The unit dimension of evaluation, biological assessment result etc. is inconsistent, is difficult to illustrate that the importance of various methods is poor
Different.
Therefore, this area still suffers from the urgent needss of the additive method to overall merit Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of integrated evaluating method of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal.
The further object of the application is to provide said method in the assessment of Chinese crude drug genuineness, elite germplasm
Purposes in selection-breeding, essence mark decoction pieces exploitation, market circulation high quality and favourable price or clinical rational drug use.
Specifically, the application provides a kind of integrated evaluating method of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal, and methods described is with sample
Quality composite index (iqi) the size quantizating index good and bad as evaluating sample quality, described product
Matter aggregative index is by following acquisition:
Empirical evaluation, Chemical Evaluation and biological assessment are carried out to sample, the experience respectively obtaining sample is commented
The absolute figure e of valency, Chemical Evaluation and biological assessmenti、ciAnd bi, by empirical evaluation and Chemical Evaluation
All measured values of a batch sample in maximum respectively as empirical evaluation maximum emaxAnd chemistry
Evaluate maximum cmax, and if the toxicity of sample is obvious, a batch sample of biological assessment is all
Minima in measured value is as biological assessment minima bmin, or if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous,
Using the maximum in all measured values of a batch sample of biological assessment as biological assessment maximum
bmax,
With eiDivided by empirical evaluation maximum emaxEmpirically evaluation coefficient e, with ciComment divided by chemistry
Valency maximum cmaxAs Chemical Evaluation coefficient c, and if the toxicity of sample is obvious, with biological assessment
Minima bminDivided by biAs biological assessment coefficient b, or if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, with
biDivided by biological assessment maximum bmaxAs biological assessment coefficient b,
Using Chemical Evaluation coefficient c, biological assessment coefficient b and empirical evaluation coefficient e as space
Point in the x-axis of coordinate, y-axis, z-axis, to build triangle, calculates the area work of described triangle
For the quality intension value of sample, and
It is 1 triangle with empirical evaluation coefficient e, Chemical Evaluation coefficient c and biological assessment coefficient b
Shape as maximum triangle and calculates maximum triangle area, by the quality intension value of sample divided by maximum
Triangle area, obtains final product the quality composite index of sample,
Wherein, if the toxicity of sample is obvious, described biological assessment is the detection based on toxicity aspect,
Or if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, described biological assessment is the detection based on drug effect aspect.
Wherein, made respectively with Chemical Evaluation coefficient c, biological assessment coefficient b and empirical evaluation coefficient e
Triangle constructed by the point in the x-axis of space coordinatess, y-axis, z-axis is as follows:
Those skilled in the art can be according to the area of its mathematics general knowledge reasonable computation triangle, such as
The area of triangle can be calculated as below:
P=(a+b+c)/2 formula 3
In formula, a, b, c are respectively three sides of triangle, and p is the average of three edge lengths, and s is three
Angular area.
The computing formula of quality composite index (iqi) is: iqi=si/smax, wherein siFor each batch sample
The area of product, smaxFor maximum triangle area.
In some embodiments, described empirical evaluation can be carried out by weighing the weight of sample,
And the absolute figure e empirically being evaluated with the average weight of samplei.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that empirical evaluation method can include size dimension, weight
Amount, quality, color, abnormal smells from the patient etc..For example Fructus Lycii, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Radix Notoginseng head get over great tradition
Think that quality is better, carry out opinion rating frequently with per kilogram number, head number, objective evaluation can be with flat
All weight is index；Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum quality is more heavy, and density is more than water, then better quality, and objective evaluation is permissible
Density is index；The redder quality of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is better, and after Rhubarb meets aqueous alkali, the redder quality of color is better,
Objective evaluation can be measured in modes such as color evaluating, colorimetric cards, and objective evaluation can be with average measurement
Value of chromatism meansigma methodss be index；The Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong the stronger quality of aroma better, objective comment
Valency can be measured with Electronic Nose；The Radix Astragali is sweeter, and quality is better, and objective evaluation can be evaluated with electronic tongues.
Therefore, those skilled in the art can select suitable experience according to the concrete sample evaluated completely
Evaluation methodology.
Those skilled in the art is it will be further understood that empirical evaluation can be according to side known in the art
Method or to carry out with reference to pertinent literature of the prior art, such as referring to document wang jb, zeng ln,
zang qc,et al.colorimetric grading scale can promote the standardization of
experiential and sensory evaluation in quality control of traditional chinese
medicines.plos one.2012；7 (11): e48887 are measured.
In some embodiments, the weight weighing sample can be according to " 76 kinds of medical material commodity rule
Case marker is accurate " carrying out.
In some embodiments, if the toxicity of sample is obvious, described Chemical Evaluation can be by making
Chemically the content of the effective ingredient in determination sample to be carried out with the content of toxic component, and
Using the ratio of the meansigma methodss of active constituent content and the meansigma methodss of toxic component content as Chemical Evaluation
Absolute figure ciAnd the maximum in all measured values of a batch sample of described Chemical Evaluation is made
For Chemical Evaluation maximum cmax.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that using the ratio of active ingredient and toxic component as commenting
Valency index, this numerical value is bigger, and security window is wider, and the safe coefficient of medication is higher.
In some embodiments, if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, described Chemical Evaluation can pass through
The content sum of the effective ingredient of measuring samples is carrying out and average with active constituent content sum
Value is as the absolute figure c of Chemical EvaluationiAnd all measurements by a batch sample of described Chemical Evaluation
Maximum in value is as Chemical Evaluation maximum cmax.Such as, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei toxicity is inconspicuous, can be with
Rushing down lower composition Senna fruit methods of glycosides with combined anthraquinone constituents total amount sum is evaluation index；Radix Ginseng poison
Property is inconspicuous, can be with multiple content of ginsenoside sums as evaluation index.
In some embodiments, described chemical method is uhplc-q-tof/ms or hplc side
Method.Certainly, those skilled in the art is understood by, and described chemical method can also for this area
The additive method being capable of determination sample component content known.
In some embodiments, if the toxicity of sample is obvious, described biological assessment can be based on
The detection of toxicity aspect and described biological assessment is carried out by the minimum lethal biological poison valency of measurement,
And using the meansigma methodss of the lethal biological poison valency of described minimum as the absolute figure b of biological assessmentiAnd with life
Minima in all measured values of a batch sample that thing is evaluated is as biological assessment minima bmin.
Wherein, the mensure of minimum lethal biological poison valency may be referred to document qin y, wang jb, zhao yl,
et al.establishment of a bioassay for the toxicity evaluation and quality control
of aconitum herbs[j].j hazard mater,2012,199-200:350-357.
In some embodiments, if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, described biological assessment can be base
In drug effect aspect detection and described biological assessment is to be carried out by the biological value of measuring samples,
And using the meansigma methodss of described biological value as the absolute figure b of biological assessmentiAnd with biological assessment
Maximum in all measured values of one batch sample is as biological assessment maximum bmax.
Wherein, the mensure of biological value may be referred to such as document Wang Jia primary, Jin Cheng, Li Huifang, etc.
Rush down biological control method and the Research on basic problems [j] of lower class Chinese medicine quality. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2009,44 (5):
500-505；Li Hanbing, Yan Dan, Wang Jiabai, etc. the Radix Isatidis quality based on neuraminidase activity detection
Biological assessment [j]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2009,44 (2): 162-166；Luo Yun, Jin Cheng, Zhou Jian, etc. base
Artificial Moschuss' quality evaluating method in cyclooxygenase inhibitory action studies [j]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2011,46
(4):438-442；Liu Xingxing, Dong Li, Zhang Xiaohong, etc. hemostasis biological value is used for Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) quality evaluation
Research [j]. CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA, 2014,39 (19): 3764-3767；Chen Guangyun, Wu Qinan, Wang Xin
Victory, etc. estimation of biological potency method is used for the research [j] of blood-activating and stasis-removing Rhizoma Sparganii quality evaluation. China
J Chinese, 2012,37 (19): 2913-2916；Dai little Jiao, Song Jun, Yan Liangchun, etc. Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata quality is given birth to
Quality testing determines Research on Methods Journal of Sex Research [j]. the Sichuan traditional Chinese medical science, 2013,31 (9): 43-46；And Wang Xiaoxiao,
Beautiful grand, Li Xi, the quantitative determination [j] of activity of enriching blood etc. Radix Angelicae Sinensis medical material. CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA,
2015,40 (7): 1381-1387 etc..
Those skilled in the art is understood by, and biological assessment mainly includes biological value and biological poison valency
Two aspects；The former is used for pharmacodynamic assessment, such as rushes down lower potency, promoting blood circulation potency, antiinflammatory potency, antiviral
Potency, heart tonifying potency, inhibitory potency, hemostasis potency, antitumor potency etc.；The latter comments for toxicity
Estimate, such as minimum lethal dose poison valency, malicious valency based on cell growth inhibition model etc..
In some embodiments, described sample can for Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng,
Fructus Lycii, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Scutellariae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Cordycepses.
According to the present processes, quality composite index (iqi) embodies Chinese medicine Overall View, merges
Traditional cognitive and Contemporary Cognition, are associated with effect and safety, are to building evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine standard
Benefit our pursuits, be that science, thoroughly evaluating Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal provide technical support and demonstration, simultaneously
For the evaluation of Chinese medicine genuineness, elite germplasm selection-breeding, essence mark decoction pieces exploitation, market circulation high quality and favourable price with
And clinical rational drug use provides Technical Reference.
Brief description
Accompanying drawing is used for providing further understanding of the present application, constitutes the part of the application, the application
Schematic description and description be used for explaining the application, but its do not constitute improper to the application
Limit.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the structural formula of 10 kinds of active component in the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 shows the average weight measurement result (n=100) of the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in embodiment 1；
The toxic component sum of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in Fig. 3 a display embodiment 1 is average with effective ingredient sum
The measurement result of value；
Fig. 3 b shows the effect/poison ratio of the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 shows the biological poison valency measures result (n=6) of the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 shows that the quality of the different sources Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata based on the integrated embodiment of three-dimensional data 1 comprehensively refers to
Number；
Fig. 6 shows the measurement result of the meansigma methodss of the aggregative index of different sources Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata of embodiment 1；
Fig. 7 shows the hplc figure of 14 batches of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparatas, and wherein 1 represents Benzoylmesaconine, 2 generations
Table benzoyl aconine, 3 represent benzoyl hypo-aconine, and 4 represent mesaconitine, and 5 represent crow
Head alkali, 6 represent hypaconitine.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, presently filed embodiment to be described, those skilled in the art should recognize
Know, the enforcement technology that these specific embodiments only indicate that to reach the purpose of the application and select
Scheme, is not the restriction to technical scheme.According to teachings of the present application, in conjunction with prior art to this
The improvement of application technical scheme is obvious, belongs to the scope of the application protection.
Material employed in following instance is as follows:
14 parts of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata samples of medicine are adopted in Sichuan, Hanzhong, Sichuan Butuo, Weishan
And Sichuan An County, it is accredited as ranunculaceae plant Aconitum carmichjaelii Debx. through PLA the 302nd hospital Xiao little He researcher
The daughter root of aconitum carmichaelii debx..Wherein Sichuan (jy), Hanzhong (hz),
Sichuan Butuo (bt), 3 parts of each collection of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata sample of Weishan (ws), every part of 15-30kg；
2 parts of the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata sample collecting of Sichuan An County (ax), every part of about 20kg Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata.Sample keeps sample preservation
In Chinese medicine study institute of the entire PLA.
Reagent mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine, Benzoylmesaconine, benzoyl crow
Former alkali and benzoyl hypo-aconine reference substance are all purchased from Chinese food medicine identification research institute, lot number
Be respectively 110799-201106,110720-201111,110798-201106,111795-200901,
111794-200901 and 111796-201303；Neoline, 15alpha-Hydroxyneoline, songorine and talastisamine
Reference substance is purchased from Chengdu Puffy moral Bioisystech Co., Ltd, lot number respectively 131214,140315,
140420、131112；The structural formula of 10 compositions is as shown in Figure 1.Dichloromethane, ethyl acetate,
Isopropanol, ammonium acetate, dense ammonia, ethanol be analysis pure, be purchased from Beijing Chemical Plant；Deionized water (from
System)；Formic acid (chromatographically pure, sigma), acetonitrile (chromatographically pure, fisher).
Instrument agilent technology 1290infinity uplc Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography instrument,
Agilent1200 type high performance liquid chromatograph (quaternary pump, automatic sampler and uv detector), agilent
Technologyifunnel 6550q-tof lc/ms level Four bar time-of-flight mass spectrometry, 1,290 2
Aurora array detector (g4212a), agilent masshunter work station；gradient a10mill-q
Superpure water machine (French millipore company)；Sartorius-bs110s one thousandth analytical balance,
100000/analytical balance (Sartorius AG), (it is real that doctor's health is won in Beijing to desk freeze-dryer
Test Instrument Ltd.), byz-810t syringe pump (Changsha ratio raises Medical Devices Co., Ltd.).
Animal sd rat, spf level, male, 6-8 week old, body weight 180 ± 20g, by Chinese
Military Medical Science Institute of people PLA Experimental Animal Center provides, animal credit number: scxk- (army)
2007-004.
Embodiment 1 overall merit is adopted in Sichuan, Hanzhong, Sichuan Butuo, Weishan
And the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata sample of Sichuan An County
1. empirical evaluation
Regulation according to " 76 kinds of medical material commodity specification standards " evaluates Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata quality with head weight,
Using the average weight of each batch Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata as Character Evaluation index.
Computational methods measure the weight after mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata sample is cleaned.From every batch of mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata medical material, with
Machine extracts 100 samples, cleans the weight weighing each mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata after removing soil using analytical balance,
Calculate meansigma methodss, measurement result is as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 the mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata weight of different sources there is some difference.In terms of average weight,
5 place of production grade evaluation results are quality assay, towering mountain Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Monkshood, Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata successively
With An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata.
2. Chemical Evaluation
In order to compare the diversity of different producing area Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata chemical composition more fully hereinafter, have detected Fig. 1 altogether
Shown in 3 kinds of strong toxicities diester-type alkaloids (mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine),
And scheme the stronger monoester alkaloid of remaining 7 kinds of drug activity therein and ester alkaloid (monoesters
Type alkaloid is Benzoylmesaconine, benzoyl aconine, benzoyl hypo-aconine, ester
Property alkaloid be neoline, 15alpha-Hydroxyneoline, songorine, talastisamine), calculate effect/malicious ratio (7
Plant monoester type and ester biology total alkali content/3 kind diester-type alkaloids total content).Effect/malicious ratio is bigger,
Reflect that Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata drug effect is higher, the weaker feature of toxicity, drug safety higher it is believed that its quality
Also relatively more excellent.
According to document, (Chen Dongan, Yi Jinhai, HUANG Zhifang, etc. the research of. Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata finger printing and 6 kinds of esters
Type alkaloid content determination [j]. CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA, 2010,35 (21): 2829-2833) in described
Method, using hplc method measure mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine, benzene first
The content of the new aconine of acyl, benzoyl aconine and benzoyl hypo-aconine.Using uhplc
- q-tof/ms method measures neoline, the content of 15alpha-Hydroxyneoline, songorine and talastisamine in mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata.
Concrete operations are as follows:
Hplc assay method
Mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine, benzoyl in mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata are measured using hplc method new
The content of aconine, benzoyl aconine and benzoyl hypo-aconine.
Chromatographic condition chromatographic column: phenomenex gemini c18column (250 × 4.6mm,
5 μm), mobile phase: a phase is acetonitrile -0.04mol/l Spirit of Mindererus. (liquor ammoniae fortis adjust ph 10.0)
(1:3), b phase be acetonitrile -0.04mol/l Spirit of Mindererus. (liquor ammoniae fortis adjust ph 10.0) (65:
35), linear gradient elution program: 0-20min, 10-22%b；20-30min, 22-37%b；
30-40min,；40-45min, 47.5-52%b；45-65min, 52-60%b；65-75min, 60-75%
b；75-80min, 75-95%b；Flow velocity 0.8ml min-1；Detection wavelength is 235nm；Column temperature:
30℃；Sample size: 10 μ l.
The preparation precision of reference substance solution weighs mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine, benzoyl
New aconine, benzoyl aconine and appropriate benzoyl hypo-aconine, addition 0.05% hydrochloric acid-
Methanol solution dissolve, constant volume, prepared concentration be respectively 101.6,49.2,100.0,40.4,43.6,
The mixed reference substance solution of 43.2 μ g/ml.
The preparation of need testing solution takes fresh mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, cleans and removes mud, shave, lyophilization 24h
Dehydration, obtains dried mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata sample.Sample comminution, crosses No. 3 sieves.Take this product powder (crossing No. three sieves)
About 2g, accurately weighed, put in conical flask with cover, ammonification test solution 3ml, accurate addition isopropanol-acetic acid
Ethyl ester (1:1) mixed solution 50ml, weighed weight, supersound process (power 300w, frequency 40khz,
Water temperature is below 25 DEG C) 30 minutes, let cool, more weighed weight, with isopropanol-ethyl acetate (1:
1) mixed solution supplies the weight of less loss, shakes up, filtration.Precision measures subsequent filtrate 20ml, ventilation
In cupboard, to doing, residue is accurate to add isopropanol-dichloromethane (1:1) mixed solution 3ml to recycling design
Dissolving, crosses 0.22 μm of microporous filter membrane, obtains final product need testing solution.
14 batches of mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparatas are prepared, record according to " preparation of need testing solution " item by assay
Peak area brings the content calculating 6 kinds of alkaloids in standard curve into.Measurement result is as shown in Figure 7.
Uhplc-q-tof/ms assay method
Using uhplc/ms-q-tof method measure mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in neoline, 15alpha-Hydroxyneoline, songorine and
The content of talastisamine.
Chromatographic condition adopt chromatographic column zorbax rrhd 300sb-c18column (100mm ×
2.1,1.8 μm, agilent, usa), 30 DEG C of column temperature, flow velocity 0.3ml/min, sample size 1 μ l；
Mobile phase a:0.1% aqueous formic acid, mobile phase b:0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution, gradient elution (0-1
Min:2%b；1-2min:2-5%b；2-5min:5-11%b；5-10min:11-15%b).
Mass Spectrometry Conditions adopt electron spray ionisation ion source (electrospray ionization, esi), just
Ion mode detects: m/z scope 100-900, scanning speed 1.00spectra/sec, capillary voltage
3500v, taper hole voltage 1000v, 200 DEG C of ion source temperature, 350 DEG C of sheath temperature degree, sheath gas
14l/min, mass calibration matter composition and division in a proportion is tfanh4-purine-hp 0921 solution [(m+h)+m/z
121.0509 and 922.0098].
The preparation precision of reference substance solution weighs neoline, 15alpha-Hydroxyneoline, songorine and talastisamine
In right amount, add 0.05% hydrochloric acid-methanol solution dissolving, constant volume, prepared concentration be respectively 1.38,1.285,
1.125, the mixed reference substance solution of 1.115 μ g/ml.
Need testing solution prepare mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata clean, section after lyophilization, pulverize be prepared into powder.
Precision weighs powder 1g, adds hplc grade methanol 25ml, supersound extraction 30min, lets cool, and supplies weight
Amount, filtration, subsequent filtrate dilutes 100 times, crosses 0.22 μm of microporous filter membrane, prepared test sample.
14 batches of mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparatas are prepared by assay according to " preparation of need testing solution " item, survey
Surely extract ion stream peak area, calculate the content of 4 kinds of alkaloids.
Wherein, the measurement result of the active constituent content of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata and toxic component content as shown in Figure 3 a,
Hypertoxic component content in wherein Fig. 3 a is the summation of average content of 3 kinds of toxic components and effective one-tenth
Point content is the summation of the average content of 7 kinds of effective ingredient.
Find during test, in mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, the content of monoester alkaloid is extremely low, mainly benzene
The new aconine of formyl, in addition to the Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata of An County, it is former that remaining Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata all cannot quantitative determine benzoyl aconite
Alkali and benzoyl hypo-aconine.Diester-type alkaloids (mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine)
Content all there is certain difference, Monkshood is higher than quality assay and the Chinese with the content of towering mountain Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata
Middle Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, and 2 times about of An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata content highest, almost Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata and quality assay,
Toxicity is extremely strong.4 kinds of ester alkaloids (neoline, 15alpha-Hydroxyneoline, songorine, talastisamine) contain
Amount is higher than 3 kinds of diester-type alkaloids (mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine), but different sources
Content difference big, the content highest of quality assay on the whole, next to that Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata
Content is minimum.Calculate respectively toxic component average content summation and effective ingredient average content it
Be divided by calculating effect/malicious ratio by both, result is shown in Fig. 3 b.
Effect/poison the ratio of Genuine producing area Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata be can be seen that in 6:1 by Fig. 3 b, in chemical group
The poorly efficient high feature of poison is presented on one-tenth；Butuo is contracted to a 2.5:1 left side with the effect/poison ratio of towering mountain Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata
The right side, effect weakens, poison strengthens；And the effect of An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata/poison ratio only 1:1 about, show as poison height
Imitate low feature.
3. biological assessment
Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata toxicity is extremely strong, and its alcohol extract is injected and can be quickly resulted in rats death by tail vein, passes through
Calculate the minimum lethal dose leading to rats death, evaluate its Difference In Toxicity.Minimum lethal dose is less, poison
Property is stronger.
Assay method is according to document (qin y, wang jb, zhao yl, et al.establishment of a
bioassay for the toxicity evaluation and quality control of aconitum herbs[j].
J hazard mater, 2012,199-200:350-357.) minimum lethal dose recorded biological poison valency evaluation side
Method, with 10 μ g ml-1Aconitum carmichjaelii Debx. aqueous slkali be standard solution, with mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata 70% ethanol extract as confession
Test sample solution (5mg crude drug amount/ml, normal saline dilution is prepared), every group of 6 sd rats.Fixed
The intoxicating potency of adopted 1mg aconitine is 1000u, using Chinese Pharmacopoeia bioassay statistical procedure
" direct measuring method " of bs2000 software calculates malicious valency.
The measurement result of biological poison valency is as shown in Figure 4.From result, aconitine standard substance have very
Strong lethal, 10 μ g ml-1(u·ml-1) titer tail vein inject 1.2-1.5ml and can make rat
Dead.And different sources mud Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata alcohol extract also all can make rats death, but toxicity there is some difference.
Generally speaking, strong toxicity weak ordering is: An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, towering mountain Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Monkshood, quality assay,
Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata；The toxicity of An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is significantly stronger than other places of production, and malicious valency reaches 3000u g-1More than；
Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is the weakest with quality assay toxicity, averagely in 2000-2200u g-1Left and right；Monkshood and
Towering mountain Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata toxicity is closer to, averagely in 2300-2500u g-1Left and right.
4. the calculating of the normalization of data and quality composite index
The application employs gore area method and calculates quality composite index.First, using ratio method pair
Data is normalized, and eliminates dimension, different evaluation result data is converted between 0-1
Numerical value；Secondly, using gore area method, the data of character, chemistry, biological 3 dimensions is carried out
Integrated process, obtains the quality intension value (triangle area numerical value) of different batches sample；Finally,
When the data of three dimensions is 1, this triangle area is maximum, using the gore of each sample
Amass divided by maximum triangle area, obtain final product quality composite index.Computing Principle is as follows:
Data normalization, integrated computing formula are as follows:
Data normalization computing formula:
In formula, e, c, b represent respectively empirical evaluation coefficient (empirical evaluation coefficient,
E), Chemical Evaluation coefficient (chemical evaluation coefficient, c) and biological assessment coefficient
(biological evaluation coefficient,b).ei、ci、biRepresent each batch Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata warp respectively
Test the absolute figure of evaluation, Chemical Evaluation and biological assessment；emaxWith cmaxRepresent respectively empirical evaluation,
The maximum in a collection of sample measures in Chemical Evaluation, bminRepresent a collection of sample in biological assessment to survey
Minima in fixed.
Triangle area computing formula:
P=(a+b+c)/2 formula 3
In formula, a, b, c are respectively three sides of triangle, and p is the average of three edge lengths, and s is three
Angular area.
Quality composite index computing formula:
Iqi=si/0.866 formula 5
In formula, iqi is quality composite index, and si is the area of each batch sample, and 0.866 is through meter
The maximum triangle area obtaining.
The empirical evaluation coefficient of 14 batches of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparatas, Chemical Evaluation coefficient, biological assessment coefficient and quality are comprehensive
The result of calculation of index such as table 1, shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
Table 1 quality composite index measurement result
As shown in Figure 5, different sources Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is in terms of experience (or shape), chemistry and biological assessment
There is larger difference.From triangle area as can be seen that quality assay area is maximum, next to that Hanzhong is attached
Son, and An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata area is minimum.(as shown in Figure 6) is calculated by quality composite index (iqi),
Quality assay, Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Monkshood, towering mountain Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, the meansigma methodss of An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata are respectively 0.842
± 0.091,0.597 ± 0.047,0.442 ± 0.033,0.454 ± 0.038,0.170 ± 0.021, i.e. river
Oily Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata best in quality is hence it is evident that be better than other producing region Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparatas (p ＜ 0.05), this is traditional with Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata
Genuineness cognitive consonance, next to that Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Monkshood is suitable with towering mountain Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata quality, overall
On be inferior to quality assay and Hanzhong Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, and the quality of An County Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is worst.
The genuineness of Chinese crude drug is the high abstraction and summary with regard to herbal species, quality and brand, its
Objective essence has duality, and genuine medicinal materials are not only to have become but also constant, genuine and non-genuine be both continuous
It is interrupted again, be the embodiment of Chinese crude drug integrated quality.Thus, single, isolated evaluation index is all difficult
With objective comprehensive reflection genuineness.The Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata quality composite index evaluation result of embodiments herein 1
Show, quality assay medical material is of fine quality greatly, effect is malicious weak by force, and overall merit is optimum, traditional with Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata
Genuineness cognitive consonance it was demonstrated that the reasonability of the present processes with scientific, can be used for medical material road
The evaluation of ground property, the such as quality composite index of regulation genuine medicinal materials must be higher than specific numerical value, and index is got over
Height, genuineness is stronger.Meanwhile, quality composite index is also fine-variety breeding, the gap instructing natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials
The addressing in base provides scientific basis with demonstration planning.
Equally, the present processes also apply to the prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs.The good traditional Chinese medical science has added Chinese medicine and could produce
Good curative effect.Current The Quality of Sliced Herbal Medicine is uneven, dragons and fishes jumbled together, and clinic needs Chinese medicine high-quality drink badly
Piece.For this reason, present inventor just proposes quality genuineness, specification homogeneity, adjusts precisely
Property, performance uniformity, association effect and toxicity middle YAOJING mark decoction pieces.By to decoction pieces character, change
Study point, the comprehensive quantification of biological works/toxicity integrated, be conducive to setting up the evaluation methodology of association clinic,
Technology is provided to ensure for scientific evaluation prepared slice quality.
Additionally, the present processes can be also used for the guiding of high quality and favourable price.High quality and favourable price is in guiding
The important channel of medical material plantation, processing and circulation.Quality evaluation and price master in Chinese crude drug circulation at present
If according to commercial specification grade, for some extraction type medical materials referring also to index components content height.
The division of Chinese crude drug specification grade is based primarily upon traditional empirical evaluation, such as head, color, abnormal smells from the patient,
Quality, section etc., need to be further elucidated with the dependency of interior quality.Single chemically composition comes
See, the tailing content of many root and rhizome class medical materials is higher, be unfavorable for that scientific guidance Chinese crude drug is given birth to
Produce.It can be said that the disappearance of integrated evaluating method is so that high-quality medical material lacks the appraisement system of science,
More lead to market circulation to be adulterated, adulterated so that of inferior quality means is remained existing despite repeated prohibition, the policy of favorable price for good quality also because
Lack clear and definite referential, be difficult to land enforcement.However, the quality composite index (iqi) of the application
Objective, quantifiable comprehensive reference index can be provided for medicinal material market circulation high quality and favourable price；Also it is doctor
Institute pharmacy and medicine enterprise buying medical material provide clear and definite reference standard, and such as specified quality aggregative index is got over
Greatly, preferential buying higher grade.
Furthermore, the present processes can be additionally used in guiding clinical rational drug use." Chinese medicine is not from ancient times
Break up the family ".Ancient Chinese medicine continues to use the pattern of " front shop Hou Fang " always, and doctor is pharmacist again, grasps medicine
Thing is gathered and processed, and is familiar with medical material quanlity, and foundation can correspondingly adjust use to the criticism result of medical material quanlity
Pharmaceutical quantities, reach preferable therapeutic effect, that is, so-called " by matter stoichiometric ".However, modern medicine
Break up the family, doctor but know prescription of feeling the pulse, do not know medicine quality, more occur " thousand people one medicine, ten thousand people one amount "
Phenomenon；Ignore quality of medicinal material factor, clinical efficacy is necessarily affected.And rely only on chemical composition
Detection is difficult to characterize the overall quality quality of medical material it is impossible to the clinical rational realized based on medical material quanlity is used
Medicine.The quality composite index (iqi) of the application provides new means for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal evaluation, passes through
The strong and weak relation research with consumption of medical material comprehensive effect, can realize the individual character based on quality of medicinal material in the future
Change medication, be favorably improved clinical therapeutic efficacy.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the application, not the application is made any in form and
Substantial restriction.Those skilled in the art, in the range of without departing from technical scheme,
A little change of making when available disclosed above technology contents, modify with differentiation be equal to change
Change the Equivalent embodiments being the application；Meanwhile, all substantial technological according to the application are implemented to above
The change of any equivalent variations, modification and differentiation that example is made etc. are all in the application by claim circle
In fixed scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of integrated evaluating method of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicinal, methods described is with the quality composite index of sample
The size quantizating index good and bad as evaluating sample quality, described quality composite index passes through following obtaining
:
Empirical evaluation, Chemical Evaluation and biological assessment are carried out to sample, the experience respectively obtaining sample is commented
The absolute figure e of valency, Chemical Evaluation and biological assessmenti、ciAnd bi, by empirical evaluation and Chemical Evaluation
All measured values of a batch sample in maximum respectively as empirical evaluation maximum emaxAnd chemistry
Evaluate maximum cmax, and if the toxicity of sample is obvious, a batch sample of biological assessment is all
Minima in measured value is as biological assessment minima bmin, or if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous,
Using the maximum in all measured values of a batch sample of biological assessment as biological assessment maximum
bmax,
With eiDivided by empirical evaluation maximum emaxEmpirically evaluation coefficient e, with ciComment divided by chemistry
Valency maximum cmaxAs Chemical Evaluation coefficient c, and if the toxicity of sample is obvious, with biological assessment
Minima bminDivided by biAs biological assessment coefficient b, or if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, with
biDivided by biological assessment maximum bmaxAs biological assessment coefficient b,
Using Chemical Evaluation coefficient c, biological assessment coefficient b and empirical evaluation coefficient e as space
Point in the x-axis of coordinate, y-axis, z-axis, to build triangle, calculates the area work of described triangle
For the quality intension value of sample, and
It is 1 triangle with empirical evaluation coefficient e, Chemical Evaluation coefficient c and biological assessment coefficient b
Shape as maximum triangle and calculates maximum triangle area, by the quality intension value of sample divided by maximum
Triangle area, obtains final product the quality composite index of sample,
Wherein, if the toxicity of sample is obvious, described biological assessment is the detection based on toxicity aspect,
Or if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, described biological assessment is the detection based on drug effect aspect.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described empirical evaluation is by weighing sample
The weight of product is carrying out, and the absolute figure e that empirically evaluated with the average weight of samplei.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, if the toxicity of sample is substantially, described
Chemical Evaluation is the content and toxic component by using the effective ingredient in chemical gauging sample
Content carrying out, and with the meansigma methodss of active constituent content and the meansigma methodss of toxic component content
Ratio is as the absolute figure c of Chemical EvaluationiAnd all surveys by a batch sample of described Chemical Evaluation
Maximum in value is as Chemical Evaluation maximum cmax.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, institute
State the content sum of the effective ingredient that Chemical Evaluation is by measuring samples to carry out, and with effective become
Divide the absolute figure c as Chemical Evaluation for the meansigma methodss of content sumiAnd by described Chemical Evaluation
Maximum in all measured values of batch sample is as Chemical Evaluation maximum cmax.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, if the toxicity of sample is substantially, described
Biological assessment is detection based on toxicity aspect and described biological assessment is by measuring minimum lethal life
Thing poison valency is carrying out and exhausted as biological assessment using the meansigma methodss of the lethal biological malicious valency of described minimum
Logarithm value biAnd commented using the minima in all measured values of a batch sample of biological assessment as biology
Valency minima bmin.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, if the toxicity of sample is inconspicuous, institute
Stating biological assessment is detection based on drug effect aspect and described biological assessment is life by measuring samples
Thing potency carrying out, and using the meansigma methodss of described biological value as the absolute figure b of biological assessmenti
And using the maximum in all measured values of a batch sample of biological assessment as biological assessment maximum
bmax.
7. the method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, described chemical method is uhplc
- q-tof/ms or hplc method.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, described sample is Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Huang
Company, Radix Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, Fructus Lycii, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Scutellariae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Polygoni Multiflori or Cordycepses.
9. method according to claim 8, wherein, described sample is Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata.
10. the method as any one of claim 1～9 Chinese crude drug genuineness assessment, excellent
Purposes in germplasm selection-breeding, essence mark decoction pieces exploitation, market circulation high quality and favourable price or clinical rational drug use.
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