CN106353407A - Fiber bragg grating sound emission testing system - Google Patents

Fiber bragg grating sound emission testing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106353407A
CN106353407A CN201610837377.1A CN201610837377A CN106353407A CN 106353407 A CN106353407 A CN 106353407A CN 201610837377 A CN201610837377 A CN 201610837377A CN 106353407 A CN106353407 A CN 106353407A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
acoustic emission
fiber
grating
substrate
optical fiber
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Withdrawn
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CN201610837377.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李游平
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Chengdu Chuanghui Keda Technology Co Ltd
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Chengdu Chuanghui Keda Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610837377.1A priority Critical patent/CN106353407A/en
Publication of CN106353407A publication Critical patent/CN106353407A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0033Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/14Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023Solids

Abstract

The invention discloses a fiber bragg grating sound emission testing system, which is characterized by comprising a light source generator, a circulator, a measuring device, a photoelectric detector, a pre-amplifier and a data collection display system; the circulator is respectively connected with the light source generator, the measuring device and the photoelectric detector; the photoelectric detector is connected with the pre-amplifier, and the pre-amplifier is connected with the data collection display system; the light source generator is used for providing a narrow-band laser. fiber bragg grating sound emission testing system is free from the disturbance of outside strain applied to the testing structure, and the testing structure can be rearranged to perform the sound emission testing; besides, the testing system is possessed of high-sensitivity demodulating technology; the sound emission testing is simple in structure, convenient to use and high in measurement precision.

Description

A kind of fiber grating acoustic emission detection system
Technical field
The present invention relates to acoustic emission detection field, especially a kind of fiber grating acoustic emission detection system.
Background technology
With scientific and technical progress, modern project building structure, mechanized equipment, electric power water conservancy, Aero-Space etc. are To maximize, integrated, complicate direction develop.In these integrated and complicated structures, can be by finding crackle as early as possible Position, property and spread scenarios, find that the position damaged and degree carry out trouble-saving generation in time.Lossless with traditional Detection technique is compared, acoustic emission testing technology have insensitive to detection object geometry, can to measurand enter action The advantages of state assessment and real-time diagnosis.
The piezoelectric transducer that traditional acoustic emission testing technology adopts belongs to resonant mode high sensor, has itself The advantages of impedance is low, high conversion efficiency, waveform stabilization, dielectric loss are low and caloric value is little, but its shortcoming is also quite obvious, work Working frequency is narrower, be easily subject to electromagnetic interference, be unable to contact corrosion environment etc..Fiber-optic grating sensor has good insulating, passive nothing Electricity, small volume light weight, electromagnetism interference, the advantages of easily realize large-scale distributed measurement, particularly in inflammable and explosive, high corruption In the environment of erosion, advantage is particularly evident.
But actual build fiber grating voice sending sensor system during face some problems: 1, due to fiber grating The reason quality is more crisp, needs to carry out suitable packaging protection to bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings, but during specific packaging protection, Packaging technology can produce more or less impact to the strain transfer ability of fiber grating so that the strain of fiber grating sensing with By the strain of geodesic structure difference;2nd, sensor-based system to be perceived with optical signal for carrier and to transmit acoustic emission signal, due to outer The light intensity change that boundary's vibration causes is very faint, improperly operates the transmission impact on optical signal in system hardware connection procedure Very big;3rd, sensor-based system needs to perceive sound emission source signal by the change of detection fiber optical grating reflection luminous power, therefore for Improve accuracy of detection and the signal to noise ratio of system, requirement to system source is higher;4th, existing acoustic emission sensor surface Paste or inside is embedded in detection structure, acoustic emission wave can be effectively detected, but, acoustic emission phenomenon is often in inspection Geodesic structure produces in the case of being subject to extraneous effects of strain, due to being applied to the impact of the extraneous strain in detection structure, grating Reflectance spectrum can drift about therewith, when the excessive detection that will cannot be carried out acoustic emission wave of the reflectance spectrum drift value of grating, therefore, no Method carries out the continuous detecting of acoustic emission wave;5th, fiber grating acoustic emission sensor immovable it is impossible to recycling.
Content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is: for above-mentioned problem, provides one kind to have and detects knot from being applied to The interference of the extraneous strain on structure is additionally it is possible to rearrange, in detection structure, the fiber grating acoustic emission carrying out acoustic emission detection Detecting system.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, including light-source generation device, circulator, measurement apparatus, light electrical resistivity survey Survey device, preamplifier data collection display system;Described circulator connects light-source generation device, measurement apparatus and light respectively Electric explorer;Described photodetector connects preamplifier, and preamplifier connects data acquisition display system;Described light source Generator, for providing laser of narrowband.
Above structure, using the light-source generation device producing laser of narrowband, and devises and sends out including measured object and new sound Penetrate the measurement apparatus of sensor, employ highly sensitive laser of narrowband demodulation techniques simultaneously, improve fiber grating acoustic emission The accuracy of detection of detecting system.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described light-source generation device includes wavelength control unit, exocoel Laser instrument, optical attenuator, light power controller and control circuit;Described outside cavity gas laser connects wavelength control unit and light decay respectively Subtract device;Described optical attenuator is connected with light power controller;Described control circuit connects wavelength control unit, external cavity laser respectively Device, optical attenuator and light power controller.
Control, optical attenuator and the laser of signal in above light-source generation device, can be fed back by light power controller The adjustment of the input current of diode, realizes the stablizing of operating temperature of laser diode.
Measurement apparatus described in a kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system include sensor and measured object;Described biography Sensor includes package casing, and about package casing, two ends are provided with fluid sealant, and its bottom is substrate;Described substrate is convex substrate, Projection one end in the middle of convex substrate is connected with fluid sealant, and projection upper end is provided with epoxy resin blob of viscose;Described ring Optical fiber is had to pass through in the middle part of oxygen tree fat blob of viscose, fluid sealant and external connection are passed through in optical fiber one end, are carved with grating in the middle of other end optical fiber, Vacantly in substrate.
Above sensor construction, changes the structure that tradition is directly pasted with fiber grating, by fiber grating vacantly convex Above shape substrate, acousto-optic transmitted wave is passed to by fiber grating by optical fiber, it is to avoid because high temperature adhesive curing and thermal deformation produce deformation Or fracture, it is to avoid because extraneous vibration makes fiber bragg grating center wavelength drift about, structure is simple simultaneously, be easily installed, and goes back Can move and multimetering, easy to use.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, the method for packing of described sensor is: by lucite base Convex substrate is processed at bottom;Optical fiber engraves grating in the middle of one end;Choose epoxy resin blob of viscose, get through diameter in the middle of it and fit with optical fiber The hole closed, optical fiber is passed through from hole;With adhesive, epoxide-resin glue is pasted onto convex substrate upper end;Place the substrate above Encapsulating shell bottom;Choose suitable two fluid sealant, a fluid sealant and optical fiber corresponding position in epoxy resin blob of viscose simultaneously The aperture that the suitable optical fiber of setting passes through;With fluid sealant, substrate is fixed and be sealed in encapsulating shell
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described photodetector includes photodiode and three-level mutual resistance is put Big device;Described three-level transreactance amplifier includes two selectable gains and a selectable Low and highpass Filter;Described three Level transreactance amplifier two ends connect photodiode respectively;Gain and wave filter are used for optimizing receipt signal.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, also includes fiber grating acoustic emission detection method: measured object After producing acoustic emission wave, acoustic emission wave reaches, through substrate, the optical fiber pasted with substrate, is then passed to optical fiber left end, then reaches optical fiber Grating, acoustic emission wave leads to fiber grating emission spectra centre wavelength that high frequency change occurs, and acoustic emission wave reaches optical fiber its right end face There is reflection and detected by fiber grating again, the centre wavelength making optical grating reflection spectrum is in that high frequency changes again, the sound of same frequency Ripple in a fiber forward and reverse propagate and be overlapped mutually lead to resonance phenomena, detect this high frequency change superposition wavelength information, you can real The now detection to acoustic emission wave;Detected by photodetector, carry out laser of narrowband demodulation, record the wavelength of high frequency change, then Through the amplification of preamplifier, wavelength information is processed in data acquisition display system and shows, you can realize sound is sent out The detection of ejected wave.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described laser of narrowband demodulation method is: laser of narrowband light source is defeated The spectrum going out is represented with Gaussian curve with the reflectance spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, when narrow-band light source wavelength tuning is to sensing grating When near the bandwidth point of reflectance spectrum, i.e. the most sensitive range of linearity of wavelength change, then Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection spectral function use One linear spectral approximation to function, after acoustic emission wave modulation, the luminous power of input optical-electrical converter is that narrow-band light source is anti-with grating Penetrate the convolution of spectrum;It is changed into the signal of telecommunication of output;From photodetector principle, the size of photoelectric current is become with input optical power Direct ratio, the input light of photodetector and output voltage are also linear, and the output voltage values of photodetector comprise sound and send out Penetrate each parameter of signal.Therefore, measurement output voltage values are it is possible to extrapolate amplitude and two feature ginsengs of angular frequency of acoustic emission wave Number, can obtain original acoustic emission signal.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described data acquisition display system is using transmitting data acquisition Card;Capture card realizes real-time data acquisition by being stored in internal memory after the signal analog digital conversion of collection, will be adopted by available control instruction The data of collection reads in calculator memory, and word carries out real-time characteristic extraction and waveform processing to the data of collection, and then inverting is spoken The information of transmission signal.
In sum, due to employing technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: with existing fiber grating sound Emission sensor is compared, and the fiber grating acoustic emission detection system of the present invention is the resonance that may move, affect from extraneous strain Formula fiber grating acoustic emission sensor encapsulating structure, sensor adopts the encapsulating structure of single-end optical fiber adhesive type, fiber grating one The optical fiber at end is stuck on poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, and the external world that the sensor after encapsulation not only has from being applied in detection structure should The interference becoming carries out acoustic emission detection additionally it is possible to rearrange in detection structure.
Brief description
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of acoustic emission sensor in the present invention.
In figure labelling: 1 is package casing, 2 is convex substrate, and 3 is fiber grating, and 4 is epoxy resin blob of viscose, and 5 is sealing Glue.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during step, except mutually exclusive Feature and/or step beyond, all can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise, Replaced by other alternative features equivalent or that there is similar purpose.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is a series of One of equivalent or similar characteristics example.
As Fig. 1, a kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, including light-source generation device, circulator, measurement Device, photodetector, preamplifier data collection display system;Described circulator connect respectively light-source generation device, Measurement apparatus and photodetector;Described photodetector connects preamplifier, and preamplifier connects data acquisition and shows System;Described light-source generation device, for providing laser of narrowband.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described light-source generation device includes wavelength control unit, exocoel Laser instrument, optical attenuator, light power controller and control circuit;Described outside cavity gas laser connects wavelength control unit and light decay respectively Subtract device;Described optical attenuator is connected with light power controller;Described control circuit connects wavelength control unit, external cavity laser respectively Device, optical attenuator and light power controller.
Measurement apparatus described in a kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system include sensor and measured object;Described biography Sensor includes package casing 1, and package casing 1 about two ends are provided with fluid sealant 5, and its bottom is substrate;Described substrate is convex base Bottom 2, the projection one end in the middle of convex substrate 2 is connected with fluid sealant 5, and projection upper end is provided with epoxy resin blob of viscose 4; Optical fiber is had to pass through in the middle part of described epoxy resin blob of viscose 4, fluid sealant 5 and external connection are passed through in optical fiber one end, in the middle of other end optical fiber It is carved with grating, vacantly in substrate.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, the method for packing of described sensor is: by lucite base Convex substrate 2 is processed at bottom;Optical fiber engraves grating in the middle of one end;Choose epoxy resin blob of viscose 4, get through diameter in the middle of it with optical fiber Suitable hole, optical fiber is passed through from hole;With adhesive, epoxy resin blob of viscose 4 is pasted onto convex substrate 2 upper end;Substrate is put Put in encapsulating shell bottom;Choose suitable two fluid sealant, a fluid sealant 5 is corresponding with optical fiber in epoxy resin blob of viscose 4 simultaneously The aperture that a suitable optical fiber passes through is set at position;With fluid sealant 5, substrate is fixed and be sealed in encapsulating shell
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described photodetector includes photodiode and three-level mutual resistance is put Big device;Described three-level transreactance amplifier includes two selectable gains and a selectable Low and highpass Filter;Described three Level transreactance amplifier two ends connect photodiode respectively;Gain and wave filter are used for optimizing receipt signal.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, also includes fiber grating acoustic emission detection method: measured object After producing acoustic emission wave, acoustic emission wave reaches, through substrate, the optical fiber pasted with substrate, is then passed to optical fiber left end, then reaches optical fiber Grating, acoustic emission wave leads to fiber grating emission spectra centre wavelength that high frequency change occurs, and acoustic emission wave reaches optical fiber its right end face There is reflection and detected by fiber grating again, the centre wavelength making optical grating reflection spectrum is in that high frequency changes again, the sound of same frequency Ripple in a fiber forward and reverse propagate and be overlapped mutually lead to resonance phenomena, detect this high frequency change superposition wavelength information, you can real The now detection to acoustic emission wave;Detected by photodetector, carry out laser of narrowband demodulation, record the wavelength of high frequency change, then Through the amplification of preamplifier, wavelength information is processed in data acquisition display system and shows, you can realize sound is sent out The detection of ejected wave.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described laser of narrowband demodulation method is: laser of narrowband light source is defeated The spectrum going out is represented with Gaussian curve with the reflectance spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, when narrow-band light source wavelength tuning is to sensing grating When near the bandwidth point of reflectance spectrum, i.e. the most sensitive range of linearity of wavelength change, then Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection spectral function use One linear spectral approximation to function, after acoustic emission wave modulation, the luminous power of input optical-electrical converter is that narrow-band light source is anti-with grating Penetrate the convolution of spectrum;It is changed into the signal of telecommunication of output;From photodetector principle, the size of photoelectric current is become with input optical power Direct ratio, the input light of photodetector and output voltage are also linear, and the output voltage values of photodetector comprise sound and send out Penetrate each parameter of signal.Therefore, measurement output voltage values are it is possible to extrapolate amplitude and two feature ginsengs of angular frequency of acoustic emission wave Number, can obtain original acoustic emission signal.
A kind of present invention fiber grating acoustic emission detection system, described data acquisition display system is using transmitting data acquisition Card;Capture card realizes real-time data acquisition by being stored in internal memory after the signal analog digital conversion of collection, will be adopted by available control instruction The data of collection reads in calculator memory, and word carries out real-time characteristic extraction and waveform processing to the data of collection, and then inverting is spoken The information of transmission signal.
The invention is not limited in aforesaid specific embodiment.The present invention expands to and any discloses in this manual New feature or any new combination, and the arbitrary new method of disclosure or the step of process or any new combination.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of fiber grating acoustic emission detection system it is characterised in that: include light-source generation device, circulator, measurement apparatus, Photodetector, preamplifier data collection display system;Described circulator connects light-source generation device, measurement dress respectively Put and photodetector;Described photodetector connects preamplifier, and preamplifier connects data acquisition display system;Institute State light-source generation device, for providing laser of narrowband.
2. fiber grating acoustic emission detection system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: described light-source generation device includes Wavelength control unit, outside cavity gas laser, optical attenuator, light power controller and control circuit;Described outside cavity gas laser connects respectively Wavelength control unit and optical attenuator;Described optical attenuator is connected with light power controller;Described control circuit connects wavelength respectively Controller, outside cavity gas laser, optical attenuator and light power controller.
3. fiber grating acoustic emission detection system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: described measurement apparatus include sense Device and measured object;Described sensor includes package casing, and about package casing, two ends are provided with fluid sealant, and its bottom is substrate;Institute State projection one end that substrate is in the middle of convex substrate, convex substrate to be connected with fluid sealant, projection upper end is provided with ring Oxygen tree fat blob of viscose;Optical fiber is had to pass through in the middle part of described epoxy resin blob of viscose, fluid sealant and external connection, the other end are passed through in optical fiber one end It is carved with grating, vacantly in substrate in the middle of optical fiber.
4. the fiber grating acoustic emission detection system as described in one of claim 13 it is characterised in that: described sensor Method for packing is: lucite substrate is processed into convex substrate;Optical fiber engraves grating in the middle of one end;Choose epoxide-resin glue Block, gets through the hole that diameter is suitable for optical fiber, optical fiber is passed through from hole in the middle of it;With adhesive, epoxide-resin glue is pasted onto Convex substrate upper end;Place the substrate above encapsulating shell bottom;Choose suitable two fluid sealant, a fluid sealant and epoxy simultaneously The aperture that in resin blob of viscose, the optical fiber corresponding position suitable optical fiber of setting passes through;With fluid sealant, substrate is fixed and be sealed in envelope In dress shell.
5. fiber grating acoustic emission detection system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: described photodetector includes light Electric diode and three-level transreactance amplifier;Described three-level transreactance amplifier include two selectable gains and one selectable Low and highpass Filter;Described three-level transreactance amplifier two ends connect photodiode respectively.
6. fiber grating acoustic emission detection system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: also include fiber grating acoustic emission Detection method: after measured object produces acoustic emission wave, acoustic emission wave reaches, through substrate, the optical fiber pasted with substrate, is then passed to optical fiber Left end, then reach fiber grating, acoustic emission wave leads to fiber grating emission spectra centre wavelength high frequency change to occur, by light electrical resistivity survey Survey device detection, carry out laser of narrowband demodulation, record the wavelength of high frequency change, then the amplification through preamplifier, wavelength is believed Breath processes in data acquisition display system and shows, you can realize the detection to acoustic emission wave.
7. fiber grating acoustic emission detection system as claimed in claim 6 it is characterised in that: the side of described laser of narrowband demodulation Method: the spectrum of laser of narrowband light source output is represented with Gaussian curve with the reflectance spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, works as narrow-band light source When wavelength tuning is near the bandwidth point of sensing grating reflectance spectrum, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflects one linear spectral letter of spectral function Number is approximate, and after acoustic emission wave modulation, the luminous power of input optical-electrical converter is the convolution of narrow-band light source and optical grating reflection spectrum, turns It is changed into the signal of telecommunication exporting, the output voltage values of measurement photodetector.
8. the fiber grating acoustic emission detection system as described in claim 1 or 7 it is characterised in that: described data acquisition shows System is using transmitting data collecting card.
CN201610837377.1A 2016-09-21 2016-09-21 Fiber bragg grating sound emission testing system Withdrawn CN106353407A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107356318A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-11-17 同济大学 For detecting the sensitized reaction optical fiber sensing system with acoustic emission signal in location-plate
CN108195943A (en) * 2018-03-12 2018-06-22 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 A kind of optical fiber acoustic emission system and its monitoring method for monitoring explosive damage and failure process
CN108508097A (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-09-07 香港理工大学 A kind of rail crack monitoring system based on fiber ultrasonic guided wave technology
CN108534889A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-14 湖北省地震局 A kind of circumference vibration monitoring prior-warning device and method
CN109799287A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-05-24 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 A kind of the optical fiber acoustic emission system and monitoring method of temperature self-adaptation
CN111435098A (en) * 2019-01-14 2020-07-21 天津科技大学 Acoustic emission signal acquisition method based on FBG
CN115014763A (en) * 2022-05-07 2022-09-06 武汉理工大学 Fiber bragg grating measuring system for monitoring main shaft faults and optimization method

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108508097A (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-09-07 香港理工大学 A kind of rail crack monitoring system based on fiber ultrasonic guided wave technology
CN108508097B (en) * 2017-02-28 2021-03-02 香港理工大学 Rail crack monitoring system based on optical fiber ultrasonic guided wave technology
CN107356318A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-11-17 同济大学 For detecting the sensitized reaction optical fiber sensing system with acoustic emission signal in location-plate
CN107356318B (en) * 2017-06-08 2019-12-27 同济大学 Sensitivity-enhanced packaged optical fiber sensing system for detecting and positioning acoustic emission signals in board
CN108195943A (en) * 2018-03-12 2018-06-22 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 A kind of optical fiber acoustic emission system and its monitoring method for monitoring explosive damage and failure process
CN108195943B (en) * 2018-03-12 2023-11-03 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 Optical fiber acoustic emission system for monitoring explosive damage and destruction process and monitoring method thereof
CN108534889A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-14 湖北省地震局 A kind of circumference vibration monitoring prior-warning device and method
CN111435098A (en) * 2019-01-14 2020-07-21 天津科技大学 Acoustic emission signal acquisition method based on FBG
CN109799287A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-05-24 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 A kind of the optical fiber acoustic emission system and monitoring method of temperature self-adaptation
CN115014763A (en) * 2022-05-07 2022-09-06 武汉理工大学 Fiber bragg grating measuring system for monitoring main shaft faults and optimization method
CN115014763B (en) * 2022-05-07 2023-08-29 武汉理工大学 Fiber bragg grating measurement system and optimization method for main shaft fault monitoring

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