CN1063533C - Tight-fitting threaded parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tight-fitting threaded part, which mainly utilizes the unique shape memory effect of shape memory alloy to achieve the function of fastening devices. The present invention selects an appropriate alloy system mainly according to the actual needs, thread pieces are formed by contour machining after plastic deformation, and after the assembling operation is completed, the screw pieces return to the shape before the plastic deformation by heat reverting to achieve the functions of complete fastening without loosing.

Description

The threaded piece of fastening assembling

The present invention is a kind of threaded piece of fastening assembling, and it utilizes marmem to make, and replys the threaded piece that reaches fastening assembling by processing the back.

Reinforcing bar structure in mechanical structure, the traffic tool and construction engineering ... in, the design that the utilization threaded piece assembles is seen everywhere, be fitted to each other the position in case after the combination many, promptly not allowing it to go gets loose again, such as traffic tool such as automobile, motorcycle, train, electric cars, each threaded piece on it is after assembling is fixing, in the long-time vibration of using, do not allow its generation to get loose, because promptly might suffer danger once get loose; Often use the reinforcing bar structure to build high building in the present again construction engineering, and the combination between its reinforcing bar also is to use threaded piece to reach, yet, because the vibration when being subjected to ground vibration or work, before whole building reinforcing bar structure do not finished as yet, some threaded piece had just begun to get loose, and can lower combination force between reinforcing bar, just must lock again this moment, not only consumption worker consuming time and increase cost, even cause safety issue.

In present threaded piece locking mode, developed multiple different locking method or device, but it there is all its not desirable to the greatest extent defective to exist, and is described below respectively now:

Tight in the lump nut formula (Jam nut): it is to do dual locking with the lock nut that two thickness do not wait; This kind design must be relied on operator's application of force operation, so its reliability is not good, can't be applicable to more tiny threaded piece simultaneously.

Two spring washer formulas (Spring locking washer): it is to add to put a spring washer under nut, utilizes the upwards elasticity strength of packing ring, and bolt and nut frictional force are increased, and prevention gets loose; The frictional force that this kind designing institute can increase is quite limited, and its spring washer also might form fatigue and lose effect in long-term vibration simultaneously.

Three lock screw formulas (Locking screw): with the set screw level or vertically lock in the nut, the former props up bolt to prevent to rotate, and the latter then makes nut produce to divide to tensile stress, increase the friction lock ability; Though this kind design can provide preferable fastening effect, time-consuming taking a lot of work gone up in its operation, can't be suitable on more tiny threaded piece simultaneously.

Four cotter pin formulas (Cotter pin): after nut is locked bolt, on the two, bore a hole, the two can't be rotated to insert cotter pin; The fastening effect of this kind design is good, but quite bothers in operation, can't be suitable for more tiny threaded piece simultaneously.

Five gasket types (Upturn washer) that are inverted: utilize to be inverted packing ring after nut locking, nut edge, an edge is dug, and another side then is folded down along the parts edge, so can make the intensity of bolt and nut constant and the effect of certain locking arranged; This kind design generally is used on the relatively large threaded piece, be to design simultaneously for the ease of taking apart once more, for no longer the structure of dismounting is also inapplicable after fastening, because it has increased the packing ring that is inverted and has promptly increased the degree of difficulty in the construction, its packing ring that is inverted also has the restriction of its Environmental Conditions simultaneously, reaches the threaded piece of assembling and all can't be suitable on less threaded piece on plate-like structure.

Six spring wire formulas (Spring wire locking): utilize peripheral groove and aperture on the nut, after nut locking, put spring wire in the groove and pass aperture and enter in the bolt; This kind design degree of difficulty when operation is quite high, definitely can't be used on the more small-sized threaded piece simultaneously.

By above explanation as can be known, existing threaded piece locking method is all to the greatest extent imperfect, and can fastening really threaded piece when failing a kind of the use is provided.

Main purpose of the present invention is: provide a kind of fastening assembling effect good threaded piece.

Technical program of the present invention lies in: the threaded piece that a kind of fastening assembling is provided, wherein, it is after producing plastic deformation with marmem, carry out shaping operation and make threaded piece, and after assembling operation is finished, make shape before threaded piece is replied plastic deformation in heating answer mode, and can obtain the effect of fastening assembling.

The threaded piece of aforesaid fastening assembling, wherein, threaded piece can be nut, and this plastic deformation can be the plastic deformation that enlarges tubulose base material internal diameter.

The threaded piece of aforesaid fastening assembling, wherein, threaded piece can be bolt, and this plastic deformation can be the plastic deformation of the shaft-like base material length that stretches.

The threaded piece of aforesaid fastening assembling, wherein, marmem can adopt iron-base marmem.

The threaded piece of aforesaid fastening assembling, wherein, preferable iron-base marmem composition is as follows:

Iron (Fe): balance

Manganese (Mn): 28～32% (weight percentages)

Silicon (Si): 4～6.5% (weight percentages)

Chromium (Cr): 0.1～5% (weight percentage)

Nickel (Ni): 0.1～5% (weight percentage)

Titanium, aluminium, boron, carbon (Ti, Al, B, C): respectively be below 2% (weight percentage).

The invention has the advantages that: adopt marmem to make threaded piece, and can make it after assembling is finished, utilize it to reply the effect of shape, splendid fastening assembling effect is provided, and applicable to every machinery, the traffic tool and building reinforcing bar are in conjunction with last, and the excellent effect of acquisition, be again to make nut with marmem in an embodiment in the plastic deformation mode of expander, and with the utilization of arranging in pairs or groups mutually of general bolt, certainly also can adopt shaft-like base material and stretching or other plastic deformation mode is made bolt with marmem, and with the use of arranging in pairs or groups mutually of general nut.

Further specify specific structural features of the present invention and purpose below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Brief Description Of Drawings:

Fig. 1 is the distortion situation schematic representation of shape memory effect, wherein, and the spring of Figure 1A for making by marmem; Figure 1B is the state that is subjected to after force-extension is out of shape; Represent to return back to state before the distortion with Fig. 1 C through heating.

Fig. 2 is that the threaded piece of fastening assembling of the present invention is the preferred embodiment implementing procedure schematic representation of example with the nut, and wherein, Fig. 2 A is a hexagonal nut tubing, and Fig. 2 B enlarges pipe internal diameter and Fig. 2 C heating is returned to the preceding state of distortion.

Fig. 3 is the anti-turn-knob force rate illustration table when nut embodiment replys displacement shown in Fig. 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the manufacturing journey and the assembly flow charts of binding thread spare of the present invention.

At first the shape memory effect with regard to marmem explains, common metal is if be subjected to external force to surpass yield strength, then after external force is removed, can stay permanent deformation, but for some specific alloy, under suitable external force effect, lured martensite metamorphosis via martensite regulating mechanism or generation stress, make it stay limited distortion, when alloy being heated to the temperature range of parent phase again, this alloy can return to the shape before the original distortion, and this specific character promptly is referred to as shape memory effect, and the alloy with shape memory effect promptly is called marmem.

See also shown in Figure 1, it is the distortion situation schematic representation for shape memory effect, in Fig. 1-A, demonstrate a spring of making by marmem, after through suitable force-extension distortion, discharge this external force and then can form deformation state among Fig. 1-B, but if when being heated to suitable temperature, this spring promptly can slowly be returned to the shape before not being out of shape shown in Fig. 1-C, and in its Recovery Process, has sizable response force, after returning back to the shape shown in Fig. 1-C, both made and imposed high temperature or low temperature more again, it all can not produce any distortion again.

Shown in Fig. 2, be that threaded piece for fastening assembling of the present invention is the preferred embodiment implementing procedure schematic representation of example with the nut, (it can adopt the mode of extrusion modling to be about to the external diameter of tubulose base material 10 earlier and make the profile of hexagonal nut wherein earlier to make the tubulose base material 10 that internal diameter shown in Fig. 2-A is 10mm with marmem as can be seen, and impose annealing in process, and can be suitable for follow-up processing), and then its distortion is become shown in Fig. 2-B with plastic working, and make the internal diameter of tubulose base material 10 enlarge 4%, becoming internal diameter is the pipe member 11 of 10.4mm, and then the pipe member after this expansion 11 processed, become the nut 12 of a standard size, so can carry out the assembling operation of nut 12, after it is assembled to the location, it can be heated to a certain critical temperature (be so-called martensite inversion attitude temperature, it changes according to the alloy composition difference, so can suitably adjust) to cooperate the needs of various practical uses, this nut 12 promptly can shrink gradually, and be returned to the ratio that original internal diameter is a 10mm tubulose base material 10, afterwards, even improve or reduce temperature again, the internal diameter of nut 12 promptly no longer changes.

By aforesaid embodiment as can be known, after enlargement deformation, make nut with marmem, and then itself and bolt be assembled to the location, after being heated to 100～200 ℃ of proper temperatures, nut begins to revert back to original less internal diameter, makes to produce between nut and bolt to combine closely, and produces sizable compressive force, so can make this nut bite bolt tightly, and finish a very fastening assembling effect; Threaded piece combination 3 times or more (please referring to Fig. 3 shown in) of the anti-turn-knob power of this kind tightness assembling for generally firmly screwing, and threaded joint tensile strength partly almost the intensity with bolt body is identical, that is to say that the threaded piece made from method of the present invention is after combination is finished, its adhesive strength can be equivalent to the welding technique gained, but it is much easier than weld job in operation, can not have influence on the construction material that combines simultaneously.

The marmem of practicability has titanium nickel (TiNi) base, copper base and iron-based memory alloy three big systems at present, wherein, because the manufacture cost of iron-based memory alloy is quite cheap, so the utmost point is suitable for the application on the general industry, so it is to make raw material that this case can be adopted iron-base marmem, because it is that to adopt iron-base marmem be mother metal when making, it can adopt general atmosphere smelting technology as the present invention, make its cost close, and can produce in a large number with general ferrous materials; The manufacturing process of binding thread spare of the present invention and assemble flow cooperate the flow chart of Fig. 4 to explain now:

1 mother metal melting: adopt general atmosphere smelting technology, prepare the iron-based memory alloy of suitable composition ratio, so as to the recovery temperature after the adjustment distortion, and can add special elements, to promote its corrosion stability or other relevant natures.

2 base material manufacturings: similar to general tubulation program, can adopt the seam or the manufacturing technology of weldless tube, or directly be stamped to form by tabular iron-base marmem, all can manifest good shape memory effect.

3 plastic deformations: adopt punching press or other plastic working modes, enlarge the internal diameter of tubulose base material, make it produce the plastic deformation of suitable degree.

4 shaping operation: the internal thread machining technology that can adopt general nut.

5 assembling operations: carry out with general threaded piece assembling mode, with general bolt and iron-base marmem is made and arrange in pairs or groups mutually through the nut of plastic deformation, target object is made up to screw mode.

6 heating are replied: after screwing combination, utilize suitable heating means, as induction heating or flame heating etc., nut is heated to proper temperature, make it produce shape-memory and reply, and form the tightness combination with bolt.

The present invention is as follows according to the preferable enforcement marmem composition of experiment gained:

Iron (Fe): balance

Manganese (Mn): 28～32% (weight percentages)

Silicon (Si): 4～6.5% (weight percentages)

Chromium (Cr): 0.1～5% (weight percentage)

Nickel (Ni): 0.1～5% (weight percentage)

Titanium, aluminium, boron, carbon (Ti, Al, B, C): respectively be below 2% (weight percentage),

Its recovery temperature is about about 150 ℃.

Claims (5)

1. the threaded piece of a fastening assembling, it is characterized in that: it is after producing plastic deformation with marmem, carry out shaping operation and make threaded piece, and after assembling operation is finished, make shape before threaded piece is replied plastic deformation in heating answer mode, and can obtain the effect of fastening assembling.

2. the threaded piece of fastening assembling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: threaded piece can be nut, and this plastic deformation can be the plastic deformation that enlarges tubulose base material internal diameter.

3. the threaded piece of fastening assembling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: threaded piece can be bolt, and this plastic deformation can be the plastic deformation of the shaft-like base material length that stretches.

4. the threaded piece of fastening assembling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: marmem can adopt iron-base marmem.

5. the threaded piece of fastening assembling according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: preferable iron-base marmem composition is as follows:

Iron (Fe): balance

Manganese (Mn): 28～32% (weight percentages)

Silicon (Si): 4～6.5% (weight percentages)

Chromium (Cr): 0.1～5% (weight percentage)

Nickel (Ni): 0.1～5% (weight percentage)

Titanium, aluminium, boron, carbon (Ti, Al, B, C): respectively be below 2% (weight percentage).

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