A kind of method that solid sample is dechlorinated
Technical field
The present invention relates to vanadium and titanium resources field of comprehensive utilization, relate particularly to a kind of side that solid sample is dechlorinated
Method.
Background technology
Climbing steel adopts ordinary blast to smelt the flow process of vanadium titano-magnetite it is achieved that the economy of large scale smelting of vanadium titano-magnetite
Refining, but the special nature due to vanadium titano-magnetite, also result in the tio accounting for titanium resource total amount about 52% in vanadium titano-magnetite2Companion
Enter in blast furnace slag with iron ore concentrate, form tio2Content is the high-titanium blast furnace slag of 21-25%.Climb steel and pass through " high temperature cabonization-low
(blast furnace slag adds carbon melting and obtains carbide slag warm chlorination " technique at high temperature, and carbide slag dominant response composition tic is at apparent 400 DEG C
When chlorination just can occur), can be by the tio of titanium-containing blast furnace slag2With ticl4Form extract, as titanium sponge or chlorination
The raw material of method titanium white.Tailings after carrying titanium for the blast furnace slag is referred to as titanium extraction tailings.Due in titanium extraction tailings contain substantial amounts of chlorine from
Son, limits its extensive utilization in building trade.Find a kind of economic, effective method and process titanium extraction tailings to realize
It is the problem that comprehensive utilization titanium-containing blast furnace slag is badly in need of solving in the scale application of building trade.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that solid sample is dechlorinated, can effectively be taken off solid using the method
Aspect product especially remove the chloride ion in titanium extraction tailings, and efficiency is more than 90%.
Specifically, the invention provides a kind of method that solid sample is dechlorinated, in described solid sample, contain chlorine
Ion, the method comprises the following steps: solid sample is carried out successively the first washing, pickling and the second washing, wherein, pickling
Mode is: the solid sample through the first washing is mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:0.01-0.5 with nitric acid, subsequently exists
Nitric acid is distilled off at a temperature of 150-400 DEG C.
The method being provided using the present invention, can remove the chloride ion in solid sample especially titanium extraction tailings, and chlorine
Ion removal efficiency is more than 90%.Chlorinity in the solid sample obtaining is processed using the method for the present invention and is less than 0.06 weight
Amount %, can meet the follow-up requirement as construction material especially cement and the raw material of slag micropowder.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that it is described herein concrete
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
Herein the end points of disclosed scope and any value are not limited to this accurate scope or value, these scopes or
Value should be understood to comprise the value close to these scopes or value.For numerical range, between the endpoint value of each scope, respectively
Between the endpoint value of individual scope and single point value, and can be obtained one or more between single point value with combination with one another
New numerical range, these numerical rangies should be considered herein specifically to disclose.
The invention provides a kind of method that solid sample is dechlorinated, in described solid sample, contain chloride ion, should
Method comprises the following steps: solid sample is carried out successively the first washing, pickling and the second washing, wherein, the mode of pickling is:
Solid sample through the first washing is mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:0.01-0.5 with nitric acid, subsequently at 150-400 DEG C
At a temperature of nitric acid is distilled off.
In the present invention, described solid sample is especially preferably titanium extraction tailings.The source of described titanium extraction tailings and composition can
Think the conventional selection of this area.For example, described titanium extraction tailings can be tailings after carrying titanium for the blast furnace slag, and putting forward titanium method can
Think that " high temperature cabonization-low temperature chlorination " technique, specific process and condition are well known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, in described solid sample, the content of chloride ion can be 2-5 weight %, preferably 2.5-3.5%
Weight.The content of described chloride ion can be measured according to gb/t 176-2008 " Method for chemical analysis of cement ".In the present invention
In, the chloride ion containing in described solid sample preferably presented in water soluble chloride, for example, can be ferrum, calcium, magnesium
Chloride with one or more of manganese element.
According to one kind preferred embodiment, except above-mentioned chloride ion, can also contain in the solid sample of the present invention
The free carbon of 6-8 weight %, the sio of mgo, 24-27 weight % of cao, 7-9 weight % of 28-32 weight %2, 5-7 weight %
Tio2, the al of 12-14 weight %2o3, 2-3 weight % tic and content feo, mno, tio all below 1 weight % and
Fluoride etc..It should be noted that because chloride ion is presented in water soluble chloride, so except chlorine in solid sample
Ion also includes one or more of iron ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion and manganese ion, and the content of described water soluble chloride can
Think 5-16 weight %.
According to the present invention, when described solid sample is titanium extraction tailings, there is no particular limitation for the granularity of described titanium extraction tailings,
Can be produce after " high temperature cabonization-low temperature chlorination " technique chlorination not size-reduced or other process titanium extraction tailings it is also possible to
It is the titanium extraction tailings through pulverization process.
In the present invention, the condition that the described solid sample through the first washing is contacted with nitric acid does not particularly limit
Fixed, as long as the solid sample through the first washing can be mixed homogeneously with nitric acid.For example, described consolidating through the first washing
The condition that aspect product are mixed with nitric acid includes: temperature can be 20-60 DEG C, and the time can be 1-100 minute, preferably 10-30
Minute.Described mixing is preferably carried out under agitation.
In the present invention, the ratio of the consumption of the described solid sample through the first washing and nitric acid can be in a big way
Interior variation.The weight ratio of for example described solid sample through the first washing and nitric acid can be for 1:0.01-0.5 it is contemplated that nitre
The utilization rate of acid and dechlorination effect, the weight of described solid sample and nitric acid through the first washing is than preferably 1:0.05-
0.2.Wherein, described nitric acid refers to pure nitric acid.
In the present invention, described nitric acid is preferably provided by the form of aqueous solution of nitric acid, and for example described nitric acid can be by concentration
Dilute nitric acid solution for 5-20 weight % provides.
In the present invention, the described temperature that nitric acid is distilled off can be able to be for example 200- in interior variation in a big way
300℃.Due to the carrying out with distillation, need to step up temperature, so 200-300 DEG C is the final temperature of still-process,
By temperature control within the range it is ensured that nitric acid all evaporates completely.
In the present invention, described first washing can be conventional water-washing process, and for example, the mode of described first washing can
Think: solid sample is mixed with water and carries out solid-liquid separation.Described solid sample is not special with the weight ratio of the consumption of water
Restriction, can be for example 1:1-10, preferably 1:3-6.There is no particular limitation for the condition that described solid sample is mixed with water,
It can be the conventional selection of this area.For example, the condition that described solid sample is mixed with water includes: temperature can be 20-60 DEG C,
Time can be 5-20 minute.Described solid sample is mixed with water and preferably carries out under agitation.
In the present invention, described second washing and the step of the first washing and condition can be identical or different.Described second
The mode of washing can be: the solid sample through overpickling is mixed with water and carries out solid-liquid separation.Solid-like through overpickling
There is no particular limitation for the weight ratio of product and the consumption of water, for example, can be 1:1-10, preferably 1:3-6.Described through overpickling
The condition that mixes with water of solid sample there is no particular limitation, can be the conventional selection of this area.For example, described through peracid
The condition that the solid sample washed is mixed with water includes: temperature can be 20-60 DEG C, and the time can be 5-20 minute.Described process
The solid sample of pickling is mixed with water and preferably carries out under agitation.
According to the present invention, methods described also includes the separation of solid and liquid process after the first washing and the second washing.Described solid
The detached mode of liquid can be the conventional selection of this area, for example, can be filtration, sucking filtration and centrifugation etc..Specific step and bar
Part is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described here.
Hereinafter will be described the present invention by embodiment.In following examples,
The content of described chloride ion can be measured according to gb/t 176-2008 " Method for chemical analysis of cement ".
The chloride ion removal efficiency=(titanium extraction tailings after chloride ion content-dechlorination process in the titanium extraction tailings before dechlorination process
Middle chloride ion content) chloride ion content × 100% in titanium extraction tailings before/dechlorination process.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used for the method that solid sample is dechlorinated that the present invention provides is described
In titanium extraction tailings used in the present embodiment, the content of chloride ion is 2.96 weight %, and free carbon content is 6.94
Weight %, the also cao containing 26.92 weight % in described titanium extraction tailings, the mgo of 8.01 weight %, 26.75 weight %
sio2, the tio of 5.98 weight %2, the al of 13.6 weight %2o3With the feo of the tic of 2.3 weight % and 0.7 weight %, 0.61
The mno of the weight % and tio of 0.77 weight %, the content of soluble chloride is 7.42 weight %.
100g titanium extraction tailings are mixed with 400ml water, stir 5 minutes at 20 DEG C, then filtered using vacuum pump pressure,
Obtain the titanium extraction tailings through the first washing, and the dust technology that it is 5 weight % with 100ml concentration is mixed homogeneously, at 200 DEG C
Under nitric acid is distilled off, after liquid is evaporated completely, add 500ml water stir 15 minutes at 40 DEG C to carry out the second washing,
Then filtered using vacuum pump pressure, and the titanium extraction tailings obtaining are dried.Carry out chloride ion to dried titanium extraction tailings to contain
Amount and the mensure of acidity.Chloride ion content in the titanium extraction tailings of dechlorination process is 0.045 weight %, and removal efficiency is
98.48%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is used for the method that solid sample is dechlorinated that the present invention provides is described
In titanium extraction tailings used in the present embodiment, the content of chloride ion is 2.50 weight %, and free carbon content is 7.81
Weight %, the also cao containing 32.25 weight %, the mgo of 9.11 weight %, the sio of 24.12 weight % in described titanium extraction tailings2
Tio with 7.03 weight %2, the al of 12 weight %2o3With the tic of 2 weight % and the feo of 0.35 weight % and 0.31 weight
The mno of amount %, the content of soluble chloride is 5.02 weight %.
100g titanium extraction tailings are mixed with 600ml water, stirs 20 minutes at 60 DEG C, then using vacuum pump pressure mistake
Filter, obtains the titanium extraction tailings through the first washing, and the dust technology that it is 15 weight % with 100ml concentration is mixed homogeneously,
Nitric acid is distilled off at 300 DEG C, after liquid is evaporated completely, adds 300ml water to stir 20 minutes at 20 DEG C to carry out second
Washing, is then filtered using vacuum pump pressure, and the titanium extraction tailings obtaining are dried.Dried titanium extraction tailings are carried out chlorine from
Sub- content and the mensure of acidity.Chloride ion content in the titanium extraction tailings of dechlorination process is 0.035 weight %, and removal efficiency is
98.6%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is used for the method that solid sample is dechlorinated that the present invention provides is described
In titanium extraction tailings used in the present embodiment, the content of chloride ion is 3.52 weight %, and free carbon content is 6.49
Weight %, the also cao containing 28.02 weight %, the mgo of 7.11 weight %, the sio of 27.0 weight % in described titanium extraction tailings2、
The tio of 5.05 weight %2, the al of 14.01 weight %2o3Feo, 0.43 weight with the tic of 1.98 weight % and 0.12 weight %
The tio of amount %, the content of soluble chloride is 6.27 weight %.
100g titanium extraction tailings are mixed with 300ml water, stirs 15 minutes at 30 DEG C, then using vacuum pump pressure mistake
Filter, obtains the titanium extraction tailings through the first washing, and the dust technology that it is 20 weight % with 100ml concentration is mixed homogeneously,
Nitric acid is distilled off at 260 DEG C, after liquid is evaporated completely, adds 600ml water to stir 5 minutes at 60 DEG C to carry out the second water
Wash, then filtered using vacuum pump pressure, and the titanium extraction tailings obtaining are dried.Chloride ion is carried out to dried titanium extraction tailings
Content and the mensure of acidity.Chloride ion content in the titanium extraction tailings of dechlorination process is 0.03 weight %, and removal efficiency is
99.15%.
Comparative example 1
The method that this comparative example is used for the solid sample dechlorination of reference is described
Method according to embodiment 1 is carried out, except for the difference that, the step that do not carry out pickling, only carry out the first washing and second
Washing.In the titanium extraction tailings finally giving, chloride ion content is 0.6 weight %, and removal efficiency is 79.73%.
Comparative example 2
The method that this comparative example is used for the solid sample dechlorination of reference is described
Method according to embodiment 1 is carried out, except for the difference that, the step that do not carry out the second washing, only carry out the first washing and
Pickling.In the titanium extraction tailings finally giving, chloride ion content is 0.11 weight %, and removal efficiency is 96.28%.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is used for the method that solid sample is dechlorinated of reference is described
Method according to embodiment 1 is carried out, and except for the difference that, the concentration of addition is that the volume of the dust technology of 5 weight % is
10ml.In the titanium extraction tailings finally giving, chloride ion content is 0.32 weight %, and removal efficiency is 89.19%.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is used for the method that solid sample is dechlorinated of reference is described
Method according to embodiment 1 is carried out, and except for the difference that, the temperature that dust technology is distilled off is 100 DEG C.Finally give
In titanium extraction tailings, chloride ion content is 0.36 weight %, and removal efficiency is 87.84%.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example is used for the method that solid sample is dechlorinated of reference is described
Method according to embodiment 1 is carried out, and except for the difference that, the dilute sulfuric acid using same concentrations same volume replaces nitric acid.
In the titanium extraction tailings finally giving, chloride ion content is 0.42 weight %, and removal efficiency is 85.81%.
Can be seen that the processing method using the present invention from the result of above example and comparative example, in titanium extraction tailings
Chloride ion removal effect is good.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, but, the present invention is not limited in above-mentioned embodiment
Detail, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, multiple simple variant can be carried out to technical scheme, this
A little simple variant belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that each particular technique feature described in above-mentioned specific embodiment, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to various can
The compound mode of energy no longer separately illustrates.
Additionally, combination in any can also be carried out between the various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to this
The thought of invention, it equally should be considered as content disclosed in this invention.