A kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate and its production method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate and its production methods, belong to railway
Vehicle arrangement technical field.
Background technology
Side bearing wear plate increases the steering resistance square between bogie and car body, improves bogie high-speed cruising stability.
Existing side bearing wear plate uses pure diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI), pure diphenyl-methane bismaleimide
Amine(BMI)The disadvantage is that property is more crisp, fracture toughness is poor, and friction coefficient is unstable, and more serious adhesive wear occurs with mating material
Problem, side bearing wear plate generate very high temperature with antithesis friction, and because heated crushing strength dies down, abrasion increases side bearing wear plate
Greatly, it causes decline and with the convex navel of side bearing body at clearance fit, causes to loosen.
In view of this, needing to invent a kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, provide by a kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite
Wearing plate is held, and its production method is provided simultaneously.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate comprising enhancement layer and wearing layer, crucial skill
Art point is that the enhancement layer is made of following raw material:35 ~ 45 parts of modification by copolymerization resin and alkali-free glass cloth 55 ~
65 parts;
The wearing layer is made of following raw material:Sepiolite fibre 15 ~ 22,7 ~ 16 parts of barite, coke 10 ~
15 parts, it is 2 ~ 5 parts of copper fiber, 2 ~ 5 parts of aramid fiber, 8 ~ 15 parts of ceramic fibre, 3 ~ 6 parts of glass fibre, 5 ~ 10 parts of chromite powder, high
16 ~ 23 parts of 8 ~ 15 parts of ridge soil, 2 ~ 5 parts of titanium dioxide and modification by copolymerization resin;
The modification by copolymerization resin is made of following raw material:Diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI)1.5 ~
3.5 parts, diaminodiphenylmethane(DDM)0.8 ~ 1.5 part, nano Si3N4With appropriate chain extender, the nano Si3N4Addition
It is the 0.5 ~ 2.0% of modification by copolymerization resin raw material total weight.
As further improvement of the invention, the Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate comprising
Enhancement layer and wearing layer, key technology point are that the enhancement layer is made of following raw material:Modification by copolymerization resin
40 parts and 60 parts of alkali-free glass cloth;
The wearing layer is made of following raw material:Sepiolite fibre 14,10 parts of barite, 10 parts of coke, copper
2 parts of fiber, 2 parts of aramid fiber, 13 parts of ceramic fibre, 5 parts of glass fibre, 9 parts of chromite powder, 12 parts of kaolin, titanium dioxide 3
Part, 20 parts of modification by copolymerization resin.The modification by copolymerization resin presses following parts by weight of component:Diphenyl methane dimaleimide
2.0, diaminodiphenylmethane 1.0, nano Si3N4With appropriate chain extender, the nano Si3N4Addition be modification by copolymerization tree
The 1.5% of fat raw material total weight.
As further improvement of the invention, the chain extender is ethylenediamine.
As further improvement of the invention, the modification by copolymerization resin is prepared by the following method:
A. diphenyl methane dimaleimide, diaminodiphenylmethane, nano Si are weighed according to the parts by weight3N4And expansion
Chain agent;
B. the material of step a is heated to molten condition in the reaction vessel, pre-polymerization, obtains 3.0 ~ 3.5 hours pre-polymerization time
To mixture;
C. after mixture cooling step b obtained, solid-like modification by copolymerization resin is obtained, is crushed, sieving is to get altogether
Poly- modified resin powder.
Improved as of the invention further, Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate system by with
Lower step is prepared:
(1) preparation of enhancement layer blank
Modification by copolymerization resin is weighed by the parts by weight, is added in acetone and dissolves, enhancing is made in impregnated glass fiber cloth
Layer blank;
(2) preparation of wearing layer raw material
Each raw material is weighed by the parts by weight, it is agitated to be mixed to form wearing layer raw material;
(3) by obtained by step (1) enhancement layer blank and the obtained wearing layer raw material of step (2), addition be preheating to
In 210 DEG C of mold, pressurize 20 ~ 25Mpa, pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation 1h depannings;
(4) it is heat-treated after depanning, is down to room temperature and both obtained.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of producer of above-mentioned Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate
Method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) resin reaction
A. diphenyl methane dimaleimide, diaminodiphenylmethane, nano Si are weighed according to the parts by weight3N4And expansion
Chain agent;
B. the material of step a is heated to melt in the reaction vessel, pre-polymerization, 3.0 ~ 3.5 hours pre-polymerization time, is mixed
Close material;
C. after mixture cooling step b obtained, solid-like modification by copolymerization resin is obtained, is crushed, sieving is to get altogether
Poly- modified resin powder;
(2) preparation of enhancement layer blank
Modification by copolymerization resin is weighed by the parts by weight, is added in acetone and dissolves, enhancing is made in impregnated glass fiber cloth
Layer blank;
(3) preparation of wearing layer raw material
Each raw material is weighed by the parts by weight, it is agitated to be mixed to form wearing layer raw material;
(4) by obtained by step (1) enhancement layer blank and the obtained wearing layer raw material of step (2), addition be preheating to
In 210 DEG C of mold, pressurize 20 ~ 25Mpa, pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation 1h depannings;
(5) it is heat-treated after depanning, is down to room temperature and both obtained.
As further improvement of the invention, the pre-polymerization temperature of the step b is 125 DEG C.
As further improvement of the invention, the mass ratio of modification by copolymerization resin and acetone is 1 in the step (2):
0.9-1.2。
As further improvement of the invention, the concrete operations of the step (3) are that sepiolite fibre, aramid fiber fibre is added
Dimension, ceramic fibre and glass fibre, shredding are stirred 3 minutes, add barite, coke, copper fiber, chromite powder, kaolin,
Titanium dioxide and modification by copolymerization resin, then high speed shredding stir 3 minutes and form wearing layer raw material.
Compared with prior art, obtained by the present invention to have the beneficial effect that:
Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate provided by the present invention, using diphenyl-methane bismaleimide
Amine(BMI), diaminodiphenylmethane(DDM)And nano Si3N4Particle modification by copolymerization changes pure diphenyl-methane bismaleimide
Polyimide resin comprehensive mechanical property is poor, fusing point is high, without stickiness, be insoluble in common solvent, the defects of, in the hope of toughness, heat resistance in
The balance of craftsmanship.Nanometer Si_3N_4 particle particle is to improving diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI)The friction of resin, polishing machine
It is more notable than graphite, although the variation tendency of the two is essentially identical, nanometer Si_3N_4 particle particle few, effect with additive amount
Apparent feature, especially under the conditions of reaching preferable friction, polishing machine, mechanical property of the nanometer Si_3N_4 particle particle to material
It can influence little.Copolymer temperature of initial decomposition is at 389.299 DEG C(See Fig. 3), most of at 400 DEG C or more, the present invention is to more
Kind raw material is compounded, and obtained polymer composite side bearing wear plate has the superior feature of high temperature resistant, wearability, foundation
TB/T2813 ﹣ 2015 carry out physical mechanical property detection, and indices all surmount the regulation of TB/T2813 ﹣ 2015.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Attached drawing 1 is nano Si3N4Particle additive amount is to manufactured composite material side bearing wear plate friction coefficient and specific wear rate
Influence;
Attached drawing 2 is influence of the graphite additive amount to manufactured composite material side bearing wear plate friction coefficient and specific wear rate;
Attached drawing 3 is the modification by copolymerization resin TG figures obtained in embodiment 1.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments to hair
It is bright to carry out clear, complete description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate comprising enhancement layer and wearing layer, it is specific to produce
Method is as follows:
(1) preparation of modification by copolymerization resin:
Weigh the following raw material:Diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI)200Kg, diaminodiphenylmethane(DDM)100Kg,
Nano Si3N4Particle 4.5Kg and diethylamine 1.5Kg.
Diphenyl methane dimaleimide is added according to the ratio in the there-necked flask equipped with blender, thermometer and reflux condensation mode
(BMI), diaminodiphenylmethane(DDM), nano Si3N4Particle and diethylamine, controlling reaction temperature temperature is at 125 DEG C, pre-polymerization
The 3.5 hours time, you can obtain solid-like modification by copolymerization(BMI)Resin.The sieving of 100 mesh is crushed to get required copolymerization to change
Property(BMI)Resin-oatmeal.
(2) preparation of enhancement layer blank
By weight ratio by modification by copolymerization resin-oatmeal 40Kg and acetone 1:1 mixed dissolution, impregnated glass fiber cloth 60Kg, system
At required enhancement layer blank.
(3) preparation of wear-resisting layer material
Weigh the following raw material:Sepiolite fibre 14Kg, barite 10Kg, 10 Kg of coke, 2 Kg of copper fiber, aramid fiber 2
Kg, 13 Kg of ceramic fibre, 5 Kg of glass fibre, 9 Kg of chromite powder, 12 Kg of kaolin, 3 Kg of titanium dioxide and modification by copolymerization tree
20 Kg of fat.
Sepiolite fibre, aramid fiber, ceramic fibre and glass fibre shredding 3 minutes is first added, adds barite, coke
Charcoal, copper fiber, chromite powder, kaolin, titanium dioxide and modification by copolymerization resin(BMI)It is wear-resisting that formation in 3 minutes is stirred in high speed shredding
Layered material.
(4) enhancement layer blank is preheating to wearing layer raw material, addition is mixed to form in 210 DEG C of mold, pressurization 20
~ 25Mpa, pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation 1h depannings;
(5) side bearing wear plate suppressed is put into the environment of 230 DEG C of temperature, keeps the temperature 10 hours, had been down to room temperature both
?.
According to 2015 documentation requirements of TB/T2813 ﹣, physical mechanical property detection is carried out, Tables 1 and 2 is specifically shown in:
As seen from the above table, every physical mechanical property of product obtained by embodiment 1 meets fortune TB/T2813 ﹣ 2015.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate comprising enhancement layer and wearing layer, it is specific to produce
Method is as follows:
(1) resin copolyreaction:
It is made by following parts by weight of component:Diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI)150Kg, diaminodiphenylmethane
(DDM)80Kg, nano Si3N4Particle 2.3Kg and diethylamine 0.75Kg
Diphenyl methane dimaleimide is added according to the ratio in the there-necked flask equipped with blender, thermometer and reflux condensation mode
(BMI), diaminodiphenylmethane(DDM), nano Si3N4Particle and diethylamine, controlling reaction temperature is at 125 DEG C, the pre-polymerization time
3.5 hours, you can obtain solid-like modification by copolymerization(BMI)Resin.The sieving of 100 mesh is crushed to get required modification by copolymerization
(BMI)Resin-oatmeal.
(2) preparation of enhancement layer blank
By weight ratio by modification by copolymerization(BMI)Resin-oatmeal 35Kg and acetone 1:1.2 mixings close dissolving, impregnated glass fiber
Cloth 65Kg obtains required enhancement layer blank.
(3) preparation of wear-resisting layer material
Weigh following raw material:Sepiolite fibre 15Kg, 7 Kg of barite, 15 Kg of coke, 4 Kg of copper fiber, aramid fiber 2
Kg, 15 Kg of ceramic fibre, 3 Kg of glass fibre, 9 Kg of chromite powder, 12 Kg of kaolin, 2 Kg of titanium dioxide, modification by copolymerization tree
16 Kg of fat.
Sepiolite fibre, aramid fiber, ceramic fibre and glass fibre shredding 3 minutes is first added, adds barite, coke
Charcoal, copper fiber, chromite powder, kaolin, titanium dioxide and modification by copolymerization resin(BMI)It is wear-resisting that formation in 3 minutes is stirred in high speed shredding
Layered material.
(4) enhancement layer blank is preheating to wearing layer raw material, addition is mixed to form in 210 DEG C of mold, pressurization 20
~ 25Mpa, pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation 1h depannings;
(5) side bearing wear plate suppressed is put into the environment of 230 DEG C of temperature, keeps the temperature 10 hours, had been down to room temperature both
?.
According to 2015 documentation requirements of TB/T2813 ﹣, physical mechanical property detection is carried out, 3 and table 4 are specifically shown in Table:
As seen from the above table, every physical mechanical property of product obtained by embodiment 2 meets fortune TB/T2813 ﹣ 2015.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant polymer composite side bearing wear plate comprising enhancement layer and wearing layer, it is specific to produce
Method is as follows:
(1) resin copolyreaction:
It is made by following parts by weight of component:Diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI)350Kg, diaminodiphenylmethane
(DDM)160Kg, nano Si3N4Particle 10.2Kg and ethylenediamine 2.55Kg;
Diphenyl methane dimaleimide is added according to the ratio in the there-necked flask equipped with blender, thermometer and reflux condensation mode
(BMI), diaminodiphenylmethane(DDM), nano Si3N4Particle and ethylenediamine, controlling reaction temperature temperature is at 125 DEG C, pre-polymerization
The 3.0 hours time, you can obtain solid-like modification by copolymerization(BMI)Resin.The sieving of 100 mesh is crushed to get required copolymerization to change
Property(BMI)Resin-oatmeal.
(2)The preparation of enhancement layer blank
By weight ratio by modification by copolymerization(BMI)Resin-oatmeal 45Kg and acetone 1:0.9 mixed dissolution, impregnated glass fiber cloth
Required enhancement layer blank is made in 55Kg;
(3)The preparation of wear-resisting layer material
Weigh following raw material:Sepiolite fibre 22Kg, 15 Kg of barite, 10 Kg of coke, 2 Kg of copper fiber, aramid fiber
2 Kg, 8 Kg of ceramic fibre, 3 Kg of glass fibre, 5 Kg of chromite powder, 8 Kg of kaolin, 2 Kg of titanium dioxide and modification by copolymerization tree
23 Kg of fat.
Sepiolite fibre, aramid fiber, ceramic fibre and glass fibre shredding 3 minutes is first added, adds barite, coke
Charcoal, copper fiber, chromite powder, kaolin, titanium dioxide and modification by copolymerization resin(BMI)It is wear-resisting that formation in 3 minutes is stirred in high speed shredding
Layered material.
(4) enhancement layer blank is preheating to wearing layer raw material, addition is mixed to form in 210 DEG C of mold, pressurization 20
~ 25Mpa, pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation 1h depannings;
(5) side bearing wear plate suppressed is put into the environment of 230 DEG C of temperature, keeps the temperature 10 hours, had been down to room temperature both
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Effect example 1
Side bearing wear plate, adjustment wherein nano Si are prepared according to the dispensing and method of embodiment 13N4The addition of particle is investigated
Work as nano Si3N4The addition of particle is respectively 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and the 2.0% of modification by copolymerization resin raw material total weight
When, the influence of friction coefficient and specific wear consumption to obtained side bearing wear plate is specifically shown in Fig. 1, nanometer Si_3N_4 particle particle adds
Add change diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI)The frictional behaviour of resin, especially when the additive amount of nanometer Si_3N_4 particle particle is
When 1.5%, friction coefficient of composite material falls to 0.32 from 0.4.
Effect example 2
Side bearing wear plate is prepared according to the dispensing and method of embodiment 1, by nano Si therein3N4Particle replaces with graphite,
It investigates when the addition of graphite is respectively 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and the 2.0% of modification by copolymerization resin raw material total weight, it is right
The influence of friction coefficient and the specific wear consumption of obtained side bearing wear plate, is specifically shown in Fig. 2, multiple as graphite additive amount adds
Condensation material friction coefficient is gradually reduced like wear rate.
Cross it was found that, nano Si3N4Particle is to improving diphenyl methane dimaleimide(BMI)Friction, the abrasion of resin
Performance ratio graphite is more notable, although the variation tendency of the two is essentially identical, nano Si3N4Particle is few with additive amount, imitates
The apparent feature of fruit, especially under the conditions of reaching preferable friction, polishing machine, nano Si3N4Mechanical property of the particle to material
It can influence little.
Embodiment described above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the simultaneously exhaustion of the feasible implementation of non-present invention.It is right
For persons skilled in the art, any aobvious to made by it under the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and spirit and
The change being clear to should be all contemplated as falling within the claims of the present invention.