CN106344624B - The freeze-drying method of cordyceps sinensis - Google Patents
The freeze-drying method of cordyceps sinensis Download PDFInfo
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- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001018099 Alloteropsis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017898 Digitaria ciliaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000008035 Back Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221751 Claviceps purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000130660 Hepialidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010041497 Spermatorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 208000019804 backache Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000023597 hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000001881 impotence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003907 kidney function Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/062—Ascomycota
- A61K36/066—Clavicipitaceae
- A61K36/068—Cordyceps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/13—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving cleaning, e.g. washing or peeling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying, comprising: (1) fresh cordyceps sinensis acquisition；(2) mud, cleaning are shelled；(3) it is classified；(4) -40 DEG C prefreezing: are down to by room temperature using the form of segmented cooling；(5) lyophilization: making shelf temperature rise to -10 DEG C by 0.5h heating, then carries out lyophilization to the cordyceps sinensis of different stage using the form of distinct program heating, rises to -6 DEG C from -10 DEG C；(6) desorbing and drying；(7) it eases back.Method of the invention can once be lyophilized 10kg grades of cordyceps sinensis, and effect and nutritional ingredient save good, and for golden yellow color to pale brown, full rate is good, and the index of aridity is high, is readily transported and carries, and is suitable for large-scale promotion use.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to the technical field that cordyceps sinensis saves, especially a kind of side of extensive freeze-drying cordyceps sinensis
Method.
Background technique
Cordyceps sinensis is that section ergot fungus cordyceps sinensis bacterium Cordycepssinensis (Berk) Sacc. colonizes in bat
The complex of stroma and larva corpse on hepialidae insect larvae.According to written by Qing Dynasty name doctor Wu Yiluo in 1757 " new compilation of materia medica "
It records, cordyceps sinensis has the effect of " protecting lung kidney-nourishing, hemostasis and phlegm, overstrain cough ".Its main product in China Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan,
The highland and severe cold grassy marshland of the province such as Yunnan 3500~5000m of height above sea level.Cordyceps sinensis is for pulmonary tuberculosis, phlegm blood, asthma, night sweat, the soreness of waist
The illnesss such as backache, impotence and spermatorrhea have a better effect.Modern pharmacology research also shows that cordyceps sinensis has adjusting human body to exempt from
Epidemic disease system, antitumor and antioxidant activity, adjusting renal function, recovery liver function, adjusting cardiovascular function and other effects.
Cordyceps sinensis is rare traditional Chinese medicine, but there is some moisture absorptions, mildew or nutrition for the long term storage of cordyceps sinensis
The problems such as substance scatters and disappears.The technologies such as mainly dry, dry, drying in the shade, being freeze-dried for the dry technology of cordyceps sinensis at present.
But all there is some defects for the prior art, although drying, drying in the shade and drying to carry out on a large scale, can make cordyceps sinensis
The heat-sensitive nutrition and fragrance contained is scattered and disappeared, and shape is shrivelled, and appearance color brown stain is serious.The freezing of existing literature report is dry
Small-scale cordyceps sinensis can only be all lyophilized in dry technology, be not suitable for the freeze-drying of feather weight sample, such as authorize within 2012 special
Sharp " a kind of method of rapid freeze-drying of cordyceps sinensis " (CN102178700B), the cordyceps sinensis being lyophilized every time only 100, about 50g
~100g, scale are too small, it is difficult to realize industrialized production.With the success that cordyceps sinensis industrialization is bred, a kind of big rule are developed
Mould cordyceps sinensis sample freeze drying technology is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to disadvantages mentioned above, a kind of method for inventing extensive freeze-drying cordyceps sinensis, can be good
Thermal sensitivity nutrition and effect substance are saved, and is able to maintain the full shape of cordyceps sinensis and golden yellow color, moreover it is possible to be applied to work
Industryization efficiently produces on a large scale.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method of cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying, including after the fresh cordyceps sinensis of harvesting
Shell mud cleaning, which is characterized in that further include:
(1) be classified: the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning up is classified according to the thickness and weight of homogeneous, 800 with
Under/feather weight is A grades, 800-1500 root/feather weight is that B grades, 1500 or more/feather weight is C grades；
(2) prefreezing: temperature is made to drop to -40 DEG C from room temperature in the form of segmented cooling；
(3) lyophilization: making shelf temperature rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, then uses different temperature programming methods pair
A grades, B grades or C grades cordyceps sinensis carry out lyophilization, are warming up to -6 DEG C from -10 DEG C:
To A grades of cordyceps sinensis: at -10 DEG C of shelf temperature, successively carrying out the adjusting of different pressures twice, carry out 2 and follow
Ring；When shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, the adjusting of different pressures twice is successively carried out, carries out 3 circulations；It is risen again in shelf temperature
At extremely -6 DEG C, the adjusting of different pressures twice is successively carried out, carries out 2 circulations；The different pressures twice are followed successively by 35~
45Pa, 10~15Pa；
To B grades of cordyceps sinensis: its temperature programming method for being different from A grades of cordyceps sinensis is that the difference twice is pressed
Power is followed successively by 30~40Pa, 10~15Pa；
To C grades of cordyceps sinensis: its temperature programming method for being different from A grades of cordyceps sinensis is that the difference twice is pressed
Power is followed successively by 25~35Pa, 5~10Pa；
(4) shelf temperature desorbing and drying: is warming up to 10 DEG C from -6 DEG C；
(5) it eases back: humidity range is 60%~85%, temperature range is after the cordyceps sinensis after desorbing and drying is taken out
It is placed in 20 DEG C~35 DEG C of space.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, the drop of segmentation described in step (2)
The form of temperature are as follows: 0.5h is cooled to -10 DEG C by room temperature；Then 0.5h is cooled to -25 DEG C by -10 DEG C；Last 0.5h is dropped by -25 DEG C
Temperature is held time to -40 DEG C as 6-8h.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, step make shelf described in (3)
Temperature as -40 DEG C rise to -10 DEG C used in the time be 0.5h.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, different journeys described in step (3)
In sequence temperature-rising method, to A grades of cordyceps sinensis, when pressure is adjusted to 35~45Pa, hold time as 1~2h；When pressure is adjusted
When for 10~15Pa, hold time as 3~4h.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, different journeys described in step (3)
In sequence temperature-rising method, to B grades of cordyceps sinensis, when pressure is adjusted to 30~40Pa, hold time as 1~1.5h；When pressure tune
When section is 10~15Pa, hold time as 2.5-3.5h.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, different journeys described in step (3)
In sequence temperature-rising method, to C grades of cordyceps sinensis, when pressure is adjusted to 25~35Pa, hold time as 1~1.5h；When pressure tune
When section is 5~10Pa, hold time as 2-3h.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, different journeys described in step (3)
Sequence temperature-rising method are as follows:
A, 800 or less/kilograms of A grade cordyceps sinensis: after shelf temperature rises to -10 DEG C, adjusting pressure to 35~
45Pa maintains 1~2h, then pressure regulation power to maintain 3~4h to 10~15Pa, carry out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjusts
Pressure maintains 1~2h to 35~45Pa, then is adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintains 3~4h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to again-
It 6 DEG C, adjusts pressure and maintains 1~2h to 35~45Pa, then be adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintain 3~4h, carry out 2 circulations；
B, 800-1500 root/kilogram B grade cordyceps sinensis: after shelf temperature rises to -10 DEG C, adjust pressure to 30~
40Pa maintains 1~1.5h, then is adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintains 2.5~3.5h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjusts
It saves pressure and maintains 1~1.5h to 30~40Pa, then be adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintain 2.5~3.5h, carry out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature
Degree rises to -6 DEG C again, adjusts pressure and maintains 1~1.5h to 30~40Pa, then be adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintain 2.5~3.5h, carries out
2 circulations；
C, 1500 or more/kilograms of C grade cordyceps sinensis: after shelf temperature rises to -10 DEG C, adjusting pressure to 25~
35Pa maintains 1~1.5h, then is adjusted to 5~10Pa, maintains 2~3h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjusts pressure
Power maintains 1~1.5h to 25~35Pa, then is adjusted to 5~10Pa, maintains 2~3h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 again
DEG C, it adjusts pressure and maintains 1~1.5h to 25~35Pa, then be adjusted to 5~10Pa, maintain 2~3h, carry out 2 circulations.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, step (4) described desorbing and drying
Are as follows: being warming up to shelf temperature from -6 DEG C in 1h is 10 DEG C, pressure 10Pa, then continues 0.8~1.2h.
In some embodiments, cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method of the present invention, step (5) process that eases back
Time be 20~40min.
Finally, the index of aridity of finished product is 96%~100%；Full rate is 96%~99%.
In the present invention signified drying refer to cordyceps sinensis water content within 8%, it is full to refer to cordyceps sinensis ridge
Network is clear, and without shrivelled shrinkage phenomenon, freeze-drying front and back is substantially unchanged.The index of aridity and full rate refer respectively to reach dry and full
The ratio of standard.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1. the 5-10kg fresh winter worm summer can once be lyophilized present invention can apply to the extensive freeze-drying of cordyceps sinensis
Grass is applied to extensive industrial application.
2. the present invention uses the freeze drying process of differentiation for the fresh cordyceps sinensis of different stage (A, B, C grades), can keep away
Exempt from the different defect of method different stage cordyceps sinensis degree of drying of the same race, largely improves freeze-drying efficiency, save
The energy.
3. the present invention increases the step of easing back after freeze-drying, the cordyceps sinensis after freeze-drying is very dry and frangible,
The toughness of cordyceps sinensis can be increased by increasing the process to ease back, reduce breakdown rate.
4. the present invention takes the mode prefreezing of segmented cooling, the technical disadvantages of current prefreezing can be overcome: existing skill
Prefreezing is usually that household freezer temperature is directly down to a certain temperature in art, and the cordyceps sinensis after homogeneous is then put into household freezer
Middle pre-freeze is for a period of time.In general, cooling velocity is faster, supercooling temperature is lower, and the nucleus quantity of formation is more, and crystal comes not
And growth is just frozen, the resistance that later period lyophilization encounters is bigger, and required time is longer.And the side of segmented cooling of the invention
Formula prefreezing, gradually decreases temperature, and the nucleus of formation is big and quantity is relatively fewer, and the resistance that lyophilization encounters is smaller, institute
Take time reduction.
5. the temperature programming for the lyophilization that the present invention uses has a process, makes drying relative to disposable heating
Rate gradually increase, drying is gradually permeated from outside to inside, keeps solid-state water sublimate vapor more thorough.
It is 96%~100% 6. the index of aridity of freeze-drying Cordyceps sinensis finished product of the present invention is high；Full rate is good, be 96%~
99%, color is pale brown to golden yellow, full of nutrition, facilitates preservation, easy to carry.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
The embodiment of the freeze-drying method of cordyceps sinensis of the present invention, following mask body is described in more details.
Cordyceps sinensis source: Yichang mountain city Shui Dou cordyceps sinensis Co., Ltd
Following preceding processing is carried out before sample freeze-drying:
1. harvesting fresh cordyceps sinensis；
2. shelling mud, cleaning；
3. classification: the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning up is classified according to the thickness and weight of homogeneous, 800 with
Under/feather weight is A grades, 800-1500 root/feather weight is that B grades, 1500 or more/feather weight is C grades；
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment uses the LYO-2 type freeze dryer of Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co., Ltd., is lyophilized 10kg 800
The fresh cordyceps sinensis of below/feather weight A grade, method are as follows:
(1) prefreezing: make temperature from room temperature in the form of segmented cooling fresh A grades of cordyceps sinensis after harvesting cleaning
- 40 DEG C are dropped to, segmented cooling program are as follows: be cooled to -10 DEG C by room temperature in the 0.5h time；Then by -10 DEG C in the 0.5h time
It is cooled to -25 DEG C；- 40 DEG C are cooled to by -25 DEG C in the last 0.5h time, hold time 6h；
(2) lyophilization: the shelf heating-up time is 0.5h, so that shelf temperature is risen to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, then uses
The form of temperature programming carries out lyophilization, is warming up to -6 DEG C from -10 DEG C.Its temperature programming form are as follows: -10 DEG C of shelf temperature,
It adjusts pressure and maintains 1h to 35Pa, then be adjusted to 10Pa, maintain 3h, carry out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjusts pressure
To 35Pa, 1h is maintained, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 3h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjust pressure to
35Pa maintains 1h, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 3h, carries out 2 circulations；
(3) desorbing and drying: being warming up to shelf temperature from -6 DEG C in 1h is 10 DEG C, pressure 10Pa, then the duration
0.8h；
(4) it eases back: in temperature being 20 DEG C after the cordyceps sinensis of desorbing and drying is taken out, relative air humidity is 60% condition
Under ease back 20min, moisture controls within 8%.
Finally, the golden yellow color of finished product, the index of aridity 98%；Full rate is 97%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment uses the LYO-2 type freeze dryer of Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co., Ltd., is lyophilized 10kg 800
The fresh cordyceps sinensis of below/feather weight A grade.
Unlike the first embodiment:
Step (1) prefreezing: temperature is made to drop to -40 DEG C from room temperature in the form of segmented cooling, segmented cooling program
Are as follows: 0.5h is cooled to -10 DEG C in the time；Then -25 DEG C are cooled to by -10 DEG C in the 0.5h time；By -25 in the last 0.5h time
DEG C -40 DEG C are cooled to, hold time 8h；
Step (2) lyophilization: the heating-up time is that 0.5h makes shelf temperature rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, then uses journey
The form of sequence heating carries out lyophilization, is warming up to -6 DEG C from -10 DEG C.Its temperature programming form are as follows: -10 DEG C of shelf temperature, adjust
It saves pressure and maintains 2h to 45Pa, then be adjusted to 15Pa, maintain 4h, carry out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjust pressure to
45Pa maintains 2h, then is adjusted to 15Pa, maintains 4h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjusts pressure to 45Pa,
2h is maintained, then is adjusted to 15Pa, maintains 4h, carries out 2 circulations；
Step (3) desorbing and drying: being warming up to shelf temperature from -6 DEG C in 1h is 10 DEG C, pressure 10Pa, then is continued
1.2h；
Step (4) eases back: it in temperature is 35 DEG C after the cordyceps sinensis of desorbing and drying is taken out, relative air humidity 85%
Under the conditions of ease back 40min, moisture controls within 8%.
Finally, the color of finished product is yellowish-brown, the index of aridity 100%；Full rate is 99%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment unlike the first embodiment the present embodiment use Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co., Ltd. LYO-
10kg B grades of fresh cordyceps sinensis is lyophilized in 2 type freeze dryers.
Temperature programming form described in step (2) are as follows: heating 0.5h makes shelf temperature rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, adjusts
Pressure maintains 1h to 30Pa, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 2.5h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjust pressure to
30Pa maintains 1h, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 2.5h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjust pressure to
30Pa maintains 1h, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 2.5h, carries out 2 circulations.
Finally, the color of finished product is yellowish-brown, the index of aridity 96%；Full rate is 96%.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment unlike the first embodiment the present embodiment use Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co., Ltd. LYO-
10kg B grades of fresh cordyceps sinensis is lyophilized in 2 type freeze dryers.
Step (1) prefreezing: temperature is made to drop to -40 DEG C from room temperature in the form of segmented cooling, segmented cooling program
Are as follows: 0.5h is cooled to -10 DEG C in the time；Then -25 DEG C are cooled to by -10 DEG C in the 0.5h time；By -25 in the last 0.5h time
DEG C -40 DEG C are cooled to, hold time 8h.
Temperature programming form described in step (2) are as follows: heating 0.5h makes shelf temperature rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, adjusts
Pressure maintains 1.5h to 40Pa, then is adjusted to 15Pa, maintains 3.5h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjusts pressure
To 40Pa, 1.5h is maintained, then is adjusted to 15Pa, maintains 3.5h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjust pressure to
40Pa maintains 1.5h, then is adjusted to 15Pa, maintains 3.5h, carries out 2 circulations.
Step (3) desorbing and drying: being warming up to shelf temperature from -6 DEG C in 1h is 10 DEG C, pressure 10Pa, then persistently when
Between 1.2h.
Step (4) eases back: it in temperature is 35 DEG C after the cordyceps sinensis of desorbing and drying is taken out, relative air humidity 85%
Under the conditions of ease back 40min, moisture controls within 8%.
Finally, the color of finished product is yellowish-brown, the index of aridity 100%；Full rate is 98%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment unlike the first embodiment the present embodiment use Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co., Ltd. LYO-
10kg C grades of fresh cordyceps sinensis is lyophilized in 2 type freeze dryers.
Temperature programming form described in step (2) are as follows: heating 0.5h makes shelf temperature rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, adjusts
Pressure maintains 1h to 25Pa, then is adjusted to 5Pa, maintains 2h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjust pressure to
25Pa maintains 1h, then is adjusted to 5Pa, maintains 2h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjusts pressure to 25Pa, dimension
1h is held, then is adjusted to 5Pa, maintains 2h, carries out 2 circulations.
Finally, the golden yellow color of finished product, the index of aridity 96%；Full rate is 96%.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment unlike the first embodiment the present embodiment use Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co., Ltd. LYO-
10kg C grades of fresh cordyceps sinensis is lyophilized in 2 type freeze dryers.
Step (1) prefreezing: temperature is made to drop to -40 DEG C from room temperature in the form of segmented cooling, segmented cooling program
Are as follows: 0.5h is cooled to -10 DEG C in the time；Then -25 DEG C are cooled to by -10 DEG C in the 0.5h time；By -25 in the last 0.5h time
DEG C -40 DEG C are cooled to, hold time 8h.
Temperature programming form described in step (2) are as follows: heating 0.5h makes shelf temperature rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, adjusts
Pressure maintains 1.5h to 35Pa, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 3h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjust pressure to
35Pa maintains 1.5h, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 3h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjust pressure to
35Pa maintains 1.5h, then is adjusted to 10Pa, maintains 3h, carries out 2 circulations.
Step (3) desorbing and drying: being warming up to shelf temperature from -6 DEG C in 1h is 10 DEG C, pressure 10Pa, then persistently when
Between 1.2h.
Step (4) eases back: it in temperature is 35 DEG C after the cordyceps sinensis of desorbing and drying is taken out, relative air humidity 85%
Under the conditions of ease back 40min, moisture controls within 8%.
Finally, the color of finished product is yellowish-brown, the index of aridity 99%；Full rate is 98%.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment uses the LYO-2 type freeze dryer of Shanghai Tofflon Science and Technology Co., Ltd., and freeze-drying 10kg is not carried out
It is classified the fresh cordyceps sinensis (including A, B and C three grades) of processing, method are as follows:
(1) prefreezing: the fresh unassorted fresh cordyceps sinensis after harvesting cleaning is dropped to -40 DEG C from room temperature, is maintained
Time 8h；
(2) lyophilization: the shelf heating-up time is 0.5h, and shelf temperature is made to rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C, adjusts pressure
To 10Pa, 80h then is dried in vacuo at -10 DEG C；
(3) shelf temperature desorbing and drying: is warming up to 10 DEG C, pressure 10Pa, then duration 0.8h from -6 DEG C in 1h；
(4) it eases back: in temperature being 20 DEG C after the cordyceps sinensis of desorbing and drying is taken out, relative air humidity is 65% condition
Under ease back 20min, moisture controls within 8%.
Finally, the golden yellow color of finished product, the index of aridity 97%；Full rate is 98%.
Embodiment discussion of results:
Display (being shown in Table 1) is compared by embodiment 1-7, embodiment 7 uses conventional prefreezing, lyophilization, and not to the winter
Worm summer grass carries out classification processing, needs time-consuming up to 90 hours so that the 10kg cordyceps sinensis index of aridity reaches 98% or more, and this
Invention is on the basis of being classified cordyceps sinensis size, then using the prefreezing of form of segmented cooling, temperature programming
The method of lyophilization greatly improves freeze-drying efficiency, and time-consuming 31.1-54.8 hours can be lyophilized 10 kilograms of fresh winter worm summer
Grass.
The comparison of 1 embodiment 1-7 of table
Certainly, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, ripe
It knows those skilled in the art and makes various corresponding changes and modifications, but these corresponding changes and change in accordance with the present invention
Shape all should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. shelling mud cleaning after a kind of cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method, including the fresh cordyceps sinensis of harvesting, which is characterized in that also
Include:
(1) it is classified: the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning up is classified according to the thickness and weight of homogeneous, 800 or less/public
Jin grade is A grades, 800-1500 root/feather weight is that B grades, 1500 or more/feather weight is C grades；
(2) prefreezing: making temperature drop to -40 DEG C from room temperature in the form of segmented cooling, wherein the shape of the segmented cooling
Formula are as follows: be cooled to -10 DEG C by room temperature in 0.5h；Then -25 DEG C are cooled to by -10 DEG C in 0.5h；It is dropped in last 0.5h by -25 DEG C
Temperature is to -40 DEG C, and hold time 6-8h；
(3) lyophilization: shelf temperature is made to rise to -10 DEG C by -40 DEG C；
Then lyophilization is carried out to A grades, B grades or C grades cordyceps sinensis using different temperature programming methods, heated up from -10 DEG C
To -6 DEG C:
To A grades of cordyceps sinensis: at -10 DEG C of shelf temperature, successively carrying out the adjusting of different pressures twice, carry out 2 circulations；?
When shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, the adjusting of different pressures twice is successively carried out, carries out 3 circulations；- 6 are risen to again in shelf temperature
DEG C when, successively carry out the adjusting of different pressures twice, carry out 2 circulation；The different pressures twice be followed successively by 35~45Pa,
10~15Pa；
To B grades of cordyceps sinensis: its temperature programming method for being different from A grades of cordyceps sinensis is, the different pressures twice according to
It is secondary be 30~40Pa, 10~15Pa；
To C grades of cordyceps sinensis: its temperature programming method for being different from A grades of cordyceps sinensis is, the different pressures twice according to
It is secondary be 25~35Pa, 5~10Pa；
(4) shelf temperature desorbing and drying: is warming up to 10 DEG C from -6 DEG C；
(5) it eases back: humidity range is 60%~85%, temperature range is 20 DEG C after the cordyceps sinensis after desorbing and drying is taken out
It is placed in~35 DEG C of space.
2. cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step makes shelf described in (3)
Temperature as -40 DEG C rise to -10 DEG C used in the time be 0.5h.
3. cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that different described in step (3)
In temperature programming method, to A grades of cordyceps sinensis, when pressure is adjusted to 35~45Pa, hold time as 1~2h；When pressure tune
When section is 10~15Pa, hold time as 3~4h.
4. cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that different described in step (3)
In temperature programming method, to B grades of cordyceps sinensis, when pressure is adjusted to 30~40Pa, hold time as 1~1.5h；Work as pressure
When being adjusted to 10~15Pa, hold time as 2.5-3.5h.
5. cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that different described in step (3)
In temperature programming method, to C grades of cordyceps sinensis, when pressure is adjusted to 25~35Pa, hold time as 1~1.5h；Work as pressure
When being adjusted to 5~10Pa, hold time as 2-3h.
6. cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that different described in step (3)
Temperature programming method are as follows:
A, 800 or less/kilograms of A grade cordyceps sinensis: after shelf temperature rises to -10 DEG C, pressure is adjusted to 35~45Pa, dimension
1~2h is held, then pressure regulation power maintains 3~4h, carry out 2 circulations to 10~15Pa；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjust pressure to
35~45Pa maintains 1~2h, then is adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintains 3~4h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjusts
It saves pressure and maintains 1~2h to 35~45Pa, then be adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintain 3~4h, carry out 2 circulations；
B, 800-1500 root/kilogram B grade cordyceps sinensis: after shelf temperature rises to -10 DEG C, adjust pressure to 30~40Pa,
1~1.5h is maintained, then is adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintains 2.5~3.5h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjusts pressure
Power maintains 1~1.5h to 30~40Pa, then is adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintains 2.5~3.5h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature is again
- 6 DEG C are risen to, pressure is adjusted and maintains 1~1.5h to 30~40Pa, then be adjusted to 10~15Pa, maintain 2.5~3.5h, carry out 2
Circulation；
C, 1500 or more/kilograms of C grade cordyceps sinensis: after shelf temperature rises to -10 DEG C, adjusting pressure to 25~35Pa,
1~1.5h is maintained, then is adjusted to 5~10Pa, maintains 2~3h, carries out 2 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -8 DEG C, adjusts pressure to 25
~35Pa maintains 1~1.5h, then is adjusted to 5~10Pa, maintains 2~3h, carries out 3 circulations；Shelf temperature rises to -6 DEG C again, adjusts
It saves pressure and maintains 1~1.5h to 25~35Pa, then be adjusted to 5~10Pa, maintain 2~3h, carry out 2 circulations.
7. cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) described desorbing and drying
Are as follows: shelf temperature is warming up to 10 DEG C, pressure 10Pa from -6 DEG C in 1h, then continues 0.8~1.2h.
8. cordyceps sinensis freeze-drying method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) process that eases back
Time be 20~40min.
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| CN109984184A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-09 | 新疆黑果枸杞生物科技有限公司 | A kind of freeze-drying method of small white almond |
| CN112090557A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-12-18 | 贵州广济堂药业有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine wall-broken decoction pieces and raw material crushing method and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113521116A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-22 | 东莞市东阳光冬虫夏草研发有限公司 | Cordyceps sinensis composition and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1607002A (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-20 | 张永清 | Method for processing Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN101104005A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-01-16 | 王森 | Biological freeze drying method for Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN104415064A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 齐生伟 | Fresh-preserving and storage technology of cordyceps sinensis |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1607002A (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-20 | 张永清 | Method for processing Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN101104005A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-01-16 | 王森 | Biological freeze drying method for Chinese caterpillar fungus |
| CN104415064A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 齐生伟 | Fresh-preserving and storage technology of cordyceps sinensis |
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Denomination of invention: Freeze drying method of Cordyceps sinensis Effective date of registration: 20200902 Granted publication date: 20190524 Pledgee: Bank of Bohai Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang branch|Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Three Gorges Branch|Bank of Hubei Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang Nanhu sub branch|Bank of Hankou Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang branch Pledgor: YICHANG SHANCHENGSHUIDU CORDYCEPS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2020420000061 |