Damp type dentoid process of axis sighting device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical instrument, guided in specifically a kind for the treatment of for fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata hollow
The damp type dentoid process of axis sighting device of screw positioning.
Background technology
Fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata is the common fracture of cervical vertebra, accounts for the 10%~14% of fracture of cervical spine.Untreated or treatment are not
The odontoid fracture disunion rate caused by is 42-72%, and it is fixed to exist simultaneously potential atlanto-axial instability, may cause brain stem,
The acute or chronic damage of spinal cord or nerve root causes serious quadriplegia, respiratory dysfunction, or even dead.Therefore to pivot
The patient of vertebra odontoid fracture answers active treatment.From 1981, report used the direct treatment of internal fixation of odontoid fracture of screw for the first time
Since, it has proven convenient that compared with traditional therapy, this technology can not only rebuild the stability of articulatio atlantoepistrophica for clinical practice,
The activity of articulatio atlantoepistrophica can also be retained to the maximum extent, operation wound is small, and union rate is high, and is obviously improved minimal invasive treatment
Quality, it is believed that the technology is the first choice of odontoid fracture operative treatment.Although anterior screw treatment of internal fixation of odontoid fracture
Curative effect is clinically affirmed, but is oriented to Kirschner wire due to mainly operating by rule of thumb in the past and is needed to adjust repeatedly, and performed the operation
Randomness is big, in some instances it may even be possible to generate serious complication, including screw extraction, displacement fracture, nonunion or screw tapping
Cdontoid process and injure spinal cord etc..Chinese patent 2012102768399 discloses one kind《Dentoid process of axis's screw sighting device》, adopt
Two shrinking connecting-rods on hollow guiding pipe are mounted on to change the direction of hollow guiding pipe, two shrinking connecting-rods with nut adjustment
It is connected on vernier control plate, vernier control plate is connect by ball-joint with supporting rod.This dentoid process of axis's screw sighting device
It can be used for guiding Kirschner wire in fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata treatment to be accurately positioned, to improve surgical quality, reduce surgical error,
Reduce the pain of patient.But it in the course of surgery, since the position for needing to adjust is numerous, and adjusts each point of adjustment and mutually closes
Connection, generally requires to adjust repeatedly and can be only achieved requirement, influences operation progress.In addition, the length of the shrinking connecting-rod of nut adjustment is difficult
Precisely to measure, the position that shrinking connecting-rod is connected on vernier control plate is not known yet, this dentoid process of axis's screw sighting device
Coordinate data record position cannot be used, the positioning in can not performing the operation before repetition.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, easy to use, governing speeds soon, can use coordinate representation position
Damp type dentoid process of axis sighting device, guiding Kirschner wire is accurately positioned in being treated for fracture of odontoid process of vertebra dentata, to improve hand
Art quality reduces surgical error, reduces the pain of patient.
The present invention is for technical scheme applied to solve the technical problem:
Damp type dentoid process of axis of the present invention sighting device includes hollow guiding pipe and is connected to hollow guiding pipe
On sighting device, the sighting device includes the inner sleeve and outer sleeve being arranged concentrically, on outer sleeve be arranged connecting plate and
Connecting seat, the outer diameter of the inner sleeve are less than the internal diameter of outer sleeve, and the outer diameter of the hollow guiding pipe is less than the internal diameter of inner sleeve,
Left half axle and right axle shaft, the left half axle and right half are symmetrically arranged between the outer wall of hollow guiding pipe and the inner ring surface of inner sleeve
The center of circle that axis is coaxially disposed and the axis of left half axle and right axle shaft passes through inner sleeve;The outer ring surface and outer sleeve of the inner sleeve
Inner ring surface between be provided with semiaxis and lower semiaxis, the upper semiaxis and the coaxial arrangement of lower semiaxis and upper semiaxis and lower semiaxis
The axis center of circle that passes through inner sleeve;The axis of upper semiaxis and lower semiaxis is vertical with the axis of left half axle and right axle shaft;On described
Semiaxis, lower semiaxis, left half axle and right axle shaft by can the interior loop bar and outer tube of relative rotation and coaxial arrangement be set with;Institute
The one end for stating interior loop bar is fixedly connected on inner sleeve and is connected to the tube chamber of inner sleeve, and the other end of interior loop bar is fixedly connected with
Shaft in housing tube cavity, the stage casing of the shaft are equipped with the annular groove that section is U-shaped, and one end of the outer tube is fixed
It is connected on hollow guiding pipe or outer sleeve, the other end of outer tube is sleeved on shaft, and the inner wall of outer tube is equipped with pair
It should be in the annular groove of annular groove on shaft;The bottom of the annular groove carries the through-hole through housing tube wall, the through-hole
In be fitted with connecting rod, the inner end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the arcuate friction piece of matching annular groove, and the arcuate friction piece is whole
For arc, section is the U-shaped structure for matching annular groove;The outer end of connecting rod is fixedly connected on the stage casing of spring leaf, the spring leaf
Both ends be connected on the outer wall of outer tube by bearing respectively.
The scale for indicating relative position is provided on the outer tube wall of the interior loop bar and outer tube joining place;The spring leaf
For arc thin slice, spring medium film section is fixedly connected with drawing handle corresponding to the another side of rod connection point.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the sighting device adjusts the direction of guide pipe, structure letter by dicyclic sighting device
Single, easy to use, governing speed is fast and available coordinate representation position, the convenient details for quantitatively recording surgical procedure utilize coordinate
The repeatable positioning reproduced in operation;Positioning Kirschner wire is set to be predominantly located in guider using hollow guide device, convenient for control
Direction avoids it from being bent and cause the suitable illusion of inserting needle;Use the frictional force fixation hollow guider of spring leaf, location action
Soon, fixed reliable, position is fixed after being accurately positioned and positioning, and reduces inserting needle repeatedly, improves the accuracy of screw entrance;No
It needs to be implanted into fixing glue on Cervical vertebra and fixed connecting rod is firmly secured to operating bed, it is fixed reliable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the positive structure schematic of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of upper semiaxis.
Fig. 3 is the portions the A close-up schematic view of Fig. 2.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, damp type dentoid process of axis of the present invention sighting device includes hollow guiding pipe 1 and is connected to sky
Sighting device on heart guide pipe 1, the sighting device include the inner sleeve 2 being arranged concentrically and outer sleeve 3, the inner sleeve 2
Outer diameter be less than the internal diameter of outer sleeve 3, the outer diameter of the hollow guiding pipe 1 is less than the internal diameter of inner sleeve 2, hollow guiding pipe 1
Left half axle 5 and right axle shaft are symmetrically arranged between outer wall and the inner ring surface of inner sleeve 2, the left half axle 5 and right axle shaft are coaxially set
It sets and the center of circle that the axis of left half axle 5 and right axle shaft passes through inner sleeve 2;The outer ring surface of the inner sleeve 2 is interior with outer sleeve 3
It is provided with semiaxis 6 and lower semiaxis 7 between anchor ring, the upper semiaxis 6 and the coaxial arrangement of lower semiaxis 7 and upper semiaxis 6 and lower half
The center of circle that the axis of axis 7 passes through inner sleeve 2;The axis of upper semiaxis 6 and lower semiaxis 7 is vertical with the axis of left half axle 5 and right axle shaft;
The upper semiaxis 6, lower semiaxis 7, left half axle 5 and right axle shaft by can relative rotation and coaxial arrangement interior loop bar 8 and outer tube 9
It is set with.
In use, hollow guiding pipe 1 can be swung up and down centered on left half axle 5 and right axle shaft on inner sleeve 2, inner sleeve
It can swing centered on 2 or more semiaxis 6 of ring and lower semiaxis 7, the comprehensive guiding of hollow guiding pipe 1 thus may be implemented
Setting.
Certainly, it uses for convenience, connecting plate 10 and connecting seat 11 can also be set on outer sleeve 3, connect for fixed
It is connected on various holders.
Upper semiaxis 6, lower semiaxis 7, left half axle 5 are identical with the structure of right axle shaft, for the above semiaxis 6, as shown in Fig. 2, institute
The one end for stating interior loop bar 8 is fixedly connected on inner sleeve 2 and is connected to the tube chamber of inner sleeve 2, and the other end of interior loop bar 8, which is fixed, to be connected
The shaft 81 being connected in 9 inner cavity of outer tube, the stage casing of the shaft 81 are equipped with the annular groove that section is U-shaped, the outer tube 9
One end be fixedly connected on hollow guiding pipe 1 or outer sleeve 3, the other end of outer tube 9 is sleeved on shaft 81, outer tube
9 inner wall is equipped with the annular groove 91 for corresponding to annular groove on shaft 81;The bottom of the annular groove 91, which carries, runs through housing
The through-hole of 9 tube wall of pipe, connecting rod 92 is fitted in the through-hole, and the inner end of the connecting rod 92 is fixedly connected with the arc of matching annular groove
Friction plate 93, the generally arc of arcuate friction piece 93, section are the U-shaped structures for matching annular groove.The outer end of connecting rod 92 is fixed
It is connected to the stage casing of spring leaf 94, the both ends of the spring leaf 94 are connected on the outer wall of outer tube 9 respectively by bearing.Such as figure
Shown in 2 left sides, when spring leaf 94 is pressed, close to outer tube 9, connecting rod 92 inwardly pushes in the stage casing of spring leaf 94, will
Arcuate friction piece 93 presses in the annular groove in 81 stage casing of shaft, increases the frictional force of interior loop bar 8 and 9 relative rotation of outer tube, makes
Hollow guiding pipe 1 after positioning is not easy to loosen.Conversely, on the right side of Fig. 2 and shown in Fig. 3, when spring leaf 94 is pulled out,
The stage casing of spring leaf 94 pushes outward far from outer tube 9, connecting rod 92, and arcuate friction piece 93 leaves the ring of annular groove setback outer tube 9
In connected in star 91, at this point, interior loop bar 8 is freely rotatable with outer tube 9, and can extract interior loop bar 8 from outer tube 9, just
In maintaining.
The scale for indicating relative position is provided on the outer tube wall of 9 joining place of the interior loop bar 8 and outer tube.Hollow guiding
After the direction position of pipe 1 is fixed, the angle for recording 9 relative rotation of interior loop bar 8 and outer tube on each semiaxis can determine sky
The position coordinates of heart guide pipe 1.The spring leaf 94 is arc thin slice, 94 stage casing of spring leaf, corresponding to 92 tie point of connecting rod
Another side is fixedly connected with drawing handle 95, and can both have been pressed spring leaf 94 by handle 95 makes its stage casing close to outer tube 9,
Spring leaf 94 can also be pulled out, make its stage casing far from outer tube 9.
In use, making patient lies supine position, position is stretched after keeping neck;Continue skull traction under C-arm X-ray machine just, side position as see
Examine odontoid fracture reset;Using the midpoint of C2 centrum lower edges as entry point, sighting device is installed in place;X-ray normotopia, side position are thoroughly
Depending on manipulating hollow guiding pipe normotopia and being located at cdontoid process central axes, vertex after the opposite cdontoid process in side position, unlatching air pump is by hollow guiding
Pipe position locks;1.2mm Kirschner wires under guider guiding are squeezed into cdontoid process with electric drill, after positive lateral projection is errorless, with outer
The hollow drill bit of 3.0 mm of diameter is screwed into the hollow cancellous bone pressurization titanium spiral shell of the appropriate length of a diameter of 3.5 mm along Kirschner wire reaming
Nail.