CN106342877A - 一种防霉抗菌溶剂及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种防霉抗菌溶剂及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106342877A
CN106342877A CN201610736786.2A CN201610736786A CN106342877A CN 106342877 A CN106342877 A CN 106342877A CN 201610736786 A CN201610736786 A CN 201610736786A CN 106342877 A CN106342877 A CN 106342877A
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sodium acetate
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容流生
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Guangzhou City Family Cabinet Furniture Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/76—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon oxides or carbonates
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
    • D06M13/355—Heterocyclic compounds having six-membered heterocyclic rings
    • D06M13/358—Triazines
    • D06M13/364—Cyanuric acid; Isocyanuric acid; Derivatives thereof
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
    • D06M15/6436—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain containing amino groups

Abstract

本发明公开了一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：三聚氰胺3‑6份、叔胺基硅油30‑60份、氯化苄10‑20份、乙醇15‑50份、乙酸10‑20份、无水乙酸钠5‑14份、三水乙酸钠4‑11份、碳酸钠7‑18份，本发明利用硅氧烷替代烷基季铵盐的烷基，可使其性能发生变化的特性，采用叔胺基硅油氯化苄和乙醇来制备防霉抗菌溶剂，化学活性大大提高，可与基质的活性基团发生反应，形成牢固的膜，其次，毒性、刺激性大大降低，安全性提高，同时利用三聚氰胺的特性，可广泛用于各个领域。

Description

一种防霉抗菌溶剂及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及防霉剂生产技术领域，具体涉及一种防霉抗菌溶剂及其制备工艺。
背景技术
防霉抗菌溶剂主要成分：季铵盐衍生物、卡松、表面活性剂、增效剂等。能防止微生物引起发霉的药剂。有酚类(如苯酚)、氯酚类(如五氯酚)、有机汞盐(如油酸苯基汞)、有机铜盐(如8-羟基喹啉铜)、有机锡盐(如氯化三乙或三丁基锡等)，及无机盐硫酸铜、氯化汞、氟化钠等。用于塑料、橡胶、纺织品、油漆和绝缘材料等。
防霉抗菌溶剂分类：化妆品防霉剂、洗涤用品防霉剂、纸张防霉剂、广谱杀菌剂、皮革防霉剂、木材防霉剂，对细菌、真菌、藻类具有很强的抑制、杀灭作用。主要适用于化妆品、洗涤用品、啫喱水、膏霜、液体肥皂及湿纸巾等日用的防腐防霉。
织物是微生物生长的良好载体，在温度、湿度和营养物(汗、尿)适宜的条件下，能使细菌、霉菌、酵母菌等微生物迅速繁殖，使织物产生霉斑和色变，散发异味，并使人体皮肤感染，即使多次水洗难以达到彻底的抑菌或抗菌效果。普通季铵盐抗菌剂化学活性较低，基本以游离态存在，将其作为抗菌剂应用于纺织品属溶出型，而且毒性相对较大，刺激性强，易洗脱，易在人体表面富集，长久使用易产生病变。
因此，需要设计一种能解决上述问题的防霉抗菌溶剂。
发明内容
针对以上问题，本发明提供了一种防霉抗菌溶剂及其制备工艺，利用硅氧烷替代烷基季铵盐的烷基，可使其性能发生变化的特性，采用叔胺基硅油氯化苄和乙醇来制备防霉抗菌溶剂，化学活性大大提高，可与基质的活性基团发生反应，形成牢固的膜，其次，毒性、刺激性大大降低，安全性提高，同时利用三聚氰胺的特性，可广泛用于各个领域，可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺3-6份、叔胺基硅油30-60份、氯化苄10-20份、乙醇15-50份、乙酸10-20份、无水乙酸钠5-14份、三水乙酸钠4-11份、碳酸钠7-18份。
优选的，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺3份、叔胺基硅油30份、氯化苄10份、乙醇15份、乙酸10份、无水乙酸钠5份、三水乙酸钠4份、碳酸钠7份。
优选的，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺6份、叔胺基硅油60份、氯化苄20份、乙醇50份、乙酸20份、无水乙酸钠14份、三水乙酸钠11份、碳酸钠18份。
优选的，所述叔胺基硅油可用聚硅氧烷硅油代替。
优选的，所述叔胺基硅油、乙酸、无水乙酸钠、三水乙酸钠、碳酸钠均为工业一级原料，所述氯化苄和乙醇为分析纯。
另外本发明还设计了一种防霉抗菌溶剂的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)按照配方将适乙醇先加入带有回流冷凝器的三口烧瓶中，然后加入叔胺基硅油，开动搅拌器，升温至一定温度，逐滴加入氯化苄，回流一定时间；减压蒸除乙醇及过量的氯化苄，得到淡黄色黏稠状不易溶于水的季铵盐；
(2)按照配方将乙酸、无水乙酸钠、三水乙酸钠、碳酸钠混合，制成溶剂，加入三口烧瓶中，加热搅拌，回流一段时间后，冷却结晶，过滤、干燥；
(3)将干燥后得到的半成品，粉碎成粉末，然后加入一个的烧杯中，并加入适量的蒸馏水搅拌成溶剂。
优选的，所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为45％。
优选的，所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为65％。
优选的，所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为75％。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明利用硅氧烷替代烷基季铵盐的烷基，可使其性能发生变化的特性，采用叔胺基硅油氯化苄和乙醇来制备防霉抗菌溶剂，化学活性大大提高，可与基质的活性基团发生反应，形成牢固的膜，其次，毒性、刺激性大大降低，安全性提高，同时利用三聚氰胺的特性，可广泛用于各个领域。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1：
本发明提供了一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺3份、叔胺基硅油30份、氯化苄10份、乙醇15份、乙酸10份、无水乙酸钠5份、三水乙酸钠4份、碳酸钠7份。
其中叔胺基硅油可用聚硅氧烷硅油代替；叔胺基硅油、乙酸、无水乙酸钠、三水乙酸钠、碳酸钠均为工业一级原料，所述氯化苄和乙醇为分析纯。
该防霉抗菌溶剂的制备工艺包括如下步骤：
(1)按照配方将适乙醇先加入带有回流冷凝器的三口烧瓶中，然后加入叔胺基硅油，开动搅拌器，升温至一定温度，逐滴加入氯化苄，回流一定时间；减压蒸除乙醇及过量的氯化苄，得到淡黄色黏稠状不易溶于水的季铵盐；
(2)按照配方将乙酸、无水乙酸钠、三水乙酸钠、碳酸钠混合，制成溶剂，加入三口烧瓶中，加热搅拌，回流一段时间后，冷却结晶，过滤、干燥；
(3)将干燥后得到的半成品，粉碎成粉末，然后加入一个的烧杯中，并加入适量的蒸馏水搅拌成溶剂。
所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为45％。
实施例2：
与实施例1不同之处在于，本发明提供了一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺5份、叔胺基硅油45份、氯化苄15份、乙醇35份、乙酸15份、无水乙酸钠9份、三水乙酸钠8份、碳酸钠13份。
所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为65％。
实施例3：
与实施例1不同之处在于，本发明提供了一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺6份、叔胺基硅油60份、氯化苄20份、乙醇50份、乙酸20份、无水乙酸钠14份、三水乙酸钠11份、碳酸钠18份。
所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为75％。
本发明对实施例1至实施例3所得产品进行测试，测试的指标有：热稳定性、比重、解冻稳定性，测试结果如下表：
性能指标 热稳定性/℃ 比重 解冻稳定性/℃
标准品 100 0.77 11
实施例1 125 0.88 44
实施例2 127 0.87 42
实施例3 124 0.90 39
由上表可知，实施例1至实施例3所得成品的各项性能明显优异与标准品。
基于上述，本发明的优点在于，本发明利用硅氧烷替代烷基季铵盐的烷基，可使其性能发生变化的特性，采用叔胺基硅油氯化苄和乙醇来制备防霉抗菌溶剂，化学活性大大提高，可与基质的活性基团发生反应，形成牢固的膜，其次，毒性、刺激性大大降低，安全性提高，同时利用三聚氰胺的特性，可广泛用于各个领域；
三聚氰胺与甲醛缩合聚合可制得三聚氰胺树脂，可用于塑料及涂料工业，也可作纺织物防摺、防缩处理剂。其改性树脂可做色泽鲜艳、耐久、硬度好的金属涂料。其还可用于坚固、耐热装饰薄板，防潮纸及灰色皮革鞣皮剂，合成防火层板的粘接剂，防水剂的固定剂或硬化剂等。由三聚氰胺、甲醛、丁醇为原料制得的582三聚氰胺树脂。用作溶剂型聚氨酯涂料的流平剂，效果特佳。
制造三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的主要原料,用作有机元素分析试剂,也用于有机及树脂的合成作皮革加工的鞣剂和填充剂。与甲醛缩合聚合可制得三聚氰胺树脂,可用于塑料及涂料工业,也可作纺织物防摺、防缩处理剂。其改性树脂可做色泽鲜艳、耐久、硬度好的金属涂料。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其特征在于，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺3-6份、叔胺基硅油30-60份、氯化苄10-20份、乙醇15-50份、乙酸10-20份、无水乙酸钠5-14份、三水乙酸钠4-11份、碳酸钠7-18份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其特征在于，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺3份、叔胺基硅油30份、氯化苄10份、乙醇15份、乙酸10份、无水乙酸钠5份、三水乙酸钠4份、碳酸钠7份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其特征在于，其配方按照重量份数由如下原料组成：
三聚氰胺6份、叔胺基硅油60份、氯化苄20份、乙醇50份、乙酸20份、无水乙酸钠14份、三水乙酸钠11份、碳酸钠18份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其特征在于，所述叔胺基硅油可用聚硅氧烷硅油代替。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌溶剂，其特征在于，所述叔胺基硅油、乙酸、无水乙酸钠、三水乙酸钠、碳酸钠均为工业一级原料，所述氯化苄和乙醇为分析纯。
6.一种防霉抗菌溶剂的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)按照配方将适乙醇先加入带有回流冷凝器的三口烧瓶中，然后加入叔胺基硅油，开动搅拌器，升温至一定温度，逐滴加入氯化苄，回流一定时间；减压蒸除乙醇及过量的氯化苄，得到淡黄色黏稠状不易溶于水的季铵盐；
(2)按照配方将乙酸、无水乙酸钠、三水乙酸钠、碳酸钠混合，制成溶剂，加入三口烧瓶中，加热搅拌，回流一段时间后，冷却结晶，过滤、干燥；
(3)将干燥后得到的半成品，粉碎成粉末，然后加入一个的烧杯中，并加入适量的蒸馏水搅拌成溶剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种防霉抗菌溶剂的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为45％。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种防霉抗菌溶剂的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为65％。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种防霉抗菌溶剂的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)制得的溶剂浓度为75％。
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CN109094237A (zh) * 2018-09-13 2018-12-28 江南大学 一种纸制品消皱除霉去污剂及其制备方法
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