CN106340975B - A kind of wireless power transmission circuit and its design method - Google Patents

A kind of wireless power transmission circuit and its design method Download PDF

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CN106340975B
CN106340975B CN201610873703.4A CN201610873703A CN106340975B CN 106340975 B CN106340975 B CN 106340975B CN 201610873703 A CN201610873703 A CN 201610873703A CN 106340975 B CN106340975 B CN 106340975B
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primary side
immittance converter
capacitance
inductance
inductance value
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CN106340975A (en
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蓝建宇
何小斌
杨楠
刘世超
刘涛
黄军
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Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources
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Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of wireless power transmission circuits, include: power module;Energy transmitting end, connect with power module;Energy acceptance end connect with energy transmitting end, and powers to the load;Energy transmitting end includes the inverter circuit and immittance converter of successively circuit connection, and inverter circuit is connect with power module;Loosely coupled transformer, includes a primary side transmitting coil, and primary side transmitting coil is arranged at energy transmitting end, connect with immittance converter;At least one secondary side receiving coil, secondary side receiving coil are arranged at energy acceptance end, are connected to corresponding load by rectification circuit;Primary side resonant capacitance is connected with primary side transmitting coil;Secondary side resonant capacitance is connected with secondary side receiving coil.The invention also discloses a kind of design methods of wireless power transmission circuit.The present invention is based on the improved circuits of immittance converter principle, to achieve the purpose that enhance the fan-out capability and output voltage stability of loosely coupled transformer.

Description

A kind of wireless power transmission circuit and its design method
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit design fields, and in particular to a kind of wireless power transmission circuit and its design method.
Background technique
The artificial spacecraft system run on space orbit is known as " in-orbit system " or " space system ", including in-orbit defends Star, airship, space shuttle, space station (laboratory), space probe and space telescope etc..In-orbit system often encounters following Several predicaments: spacecraft on-orbit fault is generally only that individual part goes wrong, and whole star loss from spoilage is too big;It is disposable portable Consumables are limited and are difficult to feed and can consume flowing material on spacecraft.
It can settle the matter once and for all by the in-orbit service of representative of maintainable technology on-orbit, be main with maintainable technology on-orbit therefore Concern of the in-orbit service aircraft of task by many countries, in recent years, in-orbit service technology is rapidly developed.It is in-orbit Energy recharge is an important content of maintainable technology on-orbit, and in-orbit energy recharge is divided into two ways: the replacement of in-orbit energy module With in-orbit energy recharge.Spacecraft short for some average life spans and that substitution is at high cost, can have by in-orbit energy recharge Effect improves the service life of spacecraft, is of great significance.
Wireless power transmission technology has convenient and efficient, safe and reliable feature, is increasingly taken seriously in space industry, It is a kind of effective solution scheme especially in terms of the in-orbit energy recharge of aircraft, as shown in Figure 1, maintenance service spacecraft system System passes through the transmitting coil of energy transmitting circuit to the receiving coil for the energy acceptance circuit for receiving maintenance service Space Vehicle System Transmit energy.But existing radio energy transmission system design method is complicated, the parameter difficulty of matching of resonance circuit is big, defeated Voltage fluctuation is big out, and output power is unstable.Therefore, existing designing technique is applied to the wireless power transmission system of spacecraft System, is bound to that satisfied result cannot be obtained.
Maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system require wireless power transmission power it is larger, generally higher than 1kW, wireless transmission distance compared with Far, generally higher than 30cm to guarantee maintainable technology on-orbit power work reliability, while requiring the output electricity of radio energy transmission system Pressing element has the characteristics of not changing with load.As shown in Fig. 2, using serial or parallel connection resonant network radio energy transmission system without Method meets above-mentioned requirements.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless power transmission circuit and its design methods, former based on immittance converter The improved circuit of reason is improved former with achieving the purpose that enhance the fan-out capability and output voltage stability of loosely coupled transformer The frequency characteristic of tandem type wireless power transmission resonant network in series connection-pair enhances wireless transmitting system in lower coupling coefficient When output voltage stability so that wireless power transmission technology is more preferable applied to maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system and unified wireless Charging platform.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of wireless power transmission circuit, special Point is to include:
Power module, for providing electric energy, the power module include an industrial frequency rectifying circuit being electrically connected with city and With the dc-link capacitance of industrial frequency rectifying circuit in parallel;
Energy transmitting end is connect with the power module, for issuing the electric energy of power module in a wireless form;
Energy acceptance end is connect with the energy transmitting end, for receiving the electric energy of energy transmitting end sending, and to load Power supply;
The energy transmitting end includes the inverter circuit and immittance converter of successively circuit connection, the inverter circuit It is connect with the power module;
Loosely coupled transformer includes a primary side transmitting coil, the described primary side transmitting coil setting at energy transmitting end, with The immittance converter connection;At least one secondary side receiving coil, the secondary side receiving coil are arranged at energy acceptance end, pass through Rectification circuit is connected to corresponding load;
Primary side resonant capacitance is connected with the primary side transmitting coil;
Secondary side resonant capacitance is connected with the secondary side receiving coil;Wherein
Loosely coupled transformer, primary side resonant capacitance and secondary side resonant capacitance constitute a resonant network.
The wireless power transmission circuit also include a detection and protection circuit, the detection and protection circuit circuit It is connected between industrial frequency rectifying circuit and dc-link capacitance, for detecting dc-link capacitance voltage.
The wireless power transmission circuit also includes commutation of load filtering and protection circuit, the commutation of load filter Involve protection circuit to be electrically connected between rectification circuit and load.
The wireless power transmission circuit also includes a near-field communication route, and the near-field communication route includes pairs of Signal transmitting and receiving circuit, wherein the setting of data transmitting terminal is arranged in secondary side receiving coil side, data receiver in primary side emission lines Side is enclosed, for obtaining the unpaired message of load access.
The immittance converter is series connection LCL type immittance converter, and the immittance converter includes concatenated first Series inductance and the second series inductance, and the shunt capacitance in parallel with first series inductance.
A kind of design method of such as above-mentioned wireless power transmission circuit, its main feature is that, it is used for maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system Non-contact power supply comprising the steps of:
S1, according to maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system to primary side transmitting coil diameter, secondary side receiving coil diameter, wireless transmission function The requirement of rate and transmission range, calculating loosely coupled transformer parameter, i.e., primary side transmitting coil the number of turns of determining loosely coupled transformer, It is secondary that the mutual inductance value of line coil inductance and former secondary side is received when receiving line coil turn, primary side transmitting coil inductance value, pair;
S2, the mutual inductance value of equivalent resistance and former secondary side according to load, are calculated the resonance frequency of immittance converter;
S3, input voltage value and maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system predeterminated voltage output valve according to power module, are calculated The output voltage gain value of resonant network;
S4, according to the resonance frequency of the output voltage gain value of resonant network, the mutual inductance value in former secondary side and immittance converter, meter The parameter to immittance converter calculated;
S5, according to the resonance frequency of primary side transmitting coil inductance value and immittance converter, primary side resonant capacitance is calculated Capacitance, the resonance frequency of line coil inductance and immittance converter is received according to secondary side, secondary side resonant capacitance is calculated Capacitance;
S6, the efficiency of transmission for calculating resonant network complete wireless power transmission circuit if meeting Preset Transfer efficiency value Design, such as otherwise return step S1 redefines loosely coupled transformer parameter.
The step S4 includes:
S4.1, according to the resonance frequency of the output voltage gain value of resonant network, the mutual inductance value in former secondary side and immittance converter, The characteristic impedance value of immittance converter is calculated;
S4.2, according to the characteristic impedance value of immittance converter and the resonance frequency of immittance converter, impedance change is calculated The inductance value of first series inductance of parallel operation and the capacitance of shunt capacitance;
S4.3, the inductance value according to the first series inductance of the immittance converter of immittance converter, are calculated impedance change The inductance value of second series inductance of parallel operation.
In the step S1, primary side inductance value is equal with secondary inductance value;In the step S4.3, immittance converter The first series inductance inductance value it is equal with the inductance value of the second series inductance.
A kind of design method of such as above-mentioned wireless power transmission circuit, its main feature is that, it is flat for a unified wireless charging Platform is powered to multiple low-power equipments comprising the steps of:
Step 1: according to unified wireless charging platform between transimission power, primary side transmitting coil and secondary side receiving coil The requirement of distance determines the inductance value of primary side transmitting coil and the inductance value of multiple secondary side receiving coils;
Step 2: determining the input current of primary side transmitting coil according to the bearing power of multiple low-power equipments;
Step 3: being calculated according to the input current of primary side transmitting coil, the input voltage value and switching frequency of power module Obtain the characteristic impedance of immittance converter;
Step 4: the series electrical of immittance converter is calculated according to the characteristic impedance of immittance converter and switching frequency The inductance value of sense and the capacitance of shunt capacitance;
Step 5: obtaining the capacitance of primary side resonant capacitance according to primary side transmitting coil inductance value and switching frequency;
Step 6: according to the bearing power of multiple low-power equipments, the inductance value of multiple secondary side receiving coils and switch frequency Rate is calculated the capacitance of secondary side resonant capacitance, the design of wireless power transmission circuit is completed.
A kind of wireless power transmission circuit of the present invention and its design method have the advantage that this hair compared with prior art The electric current of bright primary side transmitting coil does not change with the change of load resistance, and output voltage does not change with load and changed;This Invention is especially suitable for remote, lower coupling coefficient invalid electric energy transmission system, output voltage stability with higher;This The circuit theory of invention is clear, design method is simple;Circuit and design method of the invention is also applied for multi-load output simultaneously Radio energy transmission system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a kind of wireless power transmission circuit diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is a kind of wireless power transmission circuit diagram of the invention;
Fig. 4 is Central Plains edge emitting coil constant-current characteristics schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is resonant network output voltage characteristic schematic diagram in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated by the way that a preferable specific embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
The present invention is LCL type impedance of connecting before series connection-series compensation type wireless power transmission circuit in the prior art Converter, as shown in figure 3, a kind of wireless power transmission circuit, includes: power module, for providing electric energy, the power supply mould Block includes an industrial frequency rectifying circuit being electrically connected with city and the dc-link capacitance C with industrial frequency rectifying circuit in parallelf1;Energy transmitting End, connect, for issuing the electric energy of power module in a wireless form with the power module;Energy acceptance end, with the energy Transmitting terminal connection is measured, is powered for receiving the electric energy of energy transmitting end sending, and to load R;The energy transmitting end includes Successively the inverter circuit UI of circuit connection and immittance converter LCL, the inverter circuit UI are connect with the power module;Pine Coupling transformer includes a primary side transmitting coil L1, the primary side transmitting coil L1It is arranged at energy transmitting end, is led with described The LCL connection of resistance parallel operation;At least one pair side receiving coil L2, the secondary side receiving coil L2It is arranged at energy acceptance end, passes through Rectification circuit U is connected to corresponding load R;Primary side resonant capacitance C1, with the primary side transmitting coil L1Series connection;Secondary side resonance Capacitor C2, with the secondary side receiving coil L2Series connection;Wherein, loosely coupled transformer, primary side resonant capacitance C1And secondary side resonance electricity Hold C2Constitute a resonant network SS;Preferably, the immittance converter is series connection LCL type immittance converter, the impedance Converter includes concatenated first series inductance Ls1With the second series inductance Ls2, and it is in parallel with first series inductance and Join capacitor Cp
The principle of circuit of the present invention is the impedance mapping function by immittance converter, so that the primary side of loosely coupled transformer Has the characteristics that Constant current input, as shown in figure 4, to enhance the power delivery capabilities of loosely coupled transformer and output voltage Stability, such as Fig. 5.
In the present embodiment, the wireless power transmission circuit also includes a detection and protection circuit, the detection It is electrically connected between industrial frequency rectifying circuit and dc-link capacitance with protection circuit, for detecting dc-link capacitance voltage, When occur over-voltage or it is under-voltage when circuit is protected.
In the present embodiment, the wireless power transmission circuit also includes commutation of load filtering and protection circuit, institute The commutation of load filtering and protection circuit stated are electrically connected between rectification circuit and load, when overcurrent or short-circuit conditions occur Circuit is protected.
In the present embodiment, the wireless power transmission circuit also includes a near-field communication route, and the near field is logical Believe that route includes pair signals transmission circuit, wherein data transmitting terminal is arranged in secondary side receiving coil side, and data receiver is set It sets in primary side transmitting coil side, for obtaining the unpaired message of load access.
In conjunction with above-mentioned wireless power transmission circuit, the invention also discloses a kind of design sides of wireless power transmission circuit Method, the non-contact power supply for maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system comprising the steps of:
S1, according to maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system to primary side transmitting coil diameter, secondary side receiving coil diameter, wireless transmission function The requirement of rate and transmission range, calculating loosely coupled transformer parameter, i.e., primary side transmitting coil the number of turns of determining loosely coupled transformer, It is secondary that the mutual inductance value of line coil inductance and former secondary side is received when receiving line coil turn, primary side transmitting coil inductance value, pair.
The output gain of resonant network can be by changing Z0With ω0, M ratio obtain, therefore, here by L1And L2Ratio Value is set as consistent, it may be assumed that
L1=L2
In formula, L1Indicate primary side transmitting coil inductance value, L2Indicate secondary side receiving coil inductance value.
S2, the equivalent resistance R according to loadacAnd the former pair mutual inductance value M in side, the resonance frequency of immittance converter is calculated ω0
In formula, ω0Indicate the resonance frequency of immittance converter, RacIndicate the equivalent resistance of load,
R indicates the resistance value of load, and M indicates the mutual inductance value in former secondary side.
S3, input voltage value and maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system predeterminated voltage output valve according to power module, are calculated The output voltage gain value of resonant network.
In formula, MvIndicate the output voltage gain value of resonant network, voIndicate the output of maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system predeterminated voltage Value, VdcIndicate the input voltage value of power module.
S4, according to the resonance frequency of the output voltage gain value of resonant network, the mutual inductance value in former secondary side and immittance converter, meter The parameter to immittance converter calculated.
In the parameter for determining immittance converter, the value of the series inductance of immittance converter and the value of shunt capacitance will meet The following conditions:
In order to which entire circuit is all in the working condition of resonance, the resonance frequency of immittance converter, primary side transmitting coil Resonance frequency and the resonance frequency of secondary side receiving coil will be consistent, therefore when designing circuit resonant element parameter, simultaneously Also to meet the following conditions:
In the case where circuit meets conditions above, the impedance expression of the resonant network based on immittance converter principle is as follows:
In this case, the characteristic impedance of resonant network output voltage gain and immittance converter is inversely proportional and loose coupling The mutual inductance of transformer is directly proportional, as follows:
S4.1, according to the resonance frequency of the output voltage gain value of resonant network, the mutual inductance value in former secondary side and immittance converter, The characteristic impedance value of immittance converter is calculated.
In formula, Z0Indicate the characteristic impedance value of immittance converter, MvIndicate the output voltage gain value of resonant network, ω0Table Show the resonance frequency of immittance converter, M indicates the mutual inductance value in former secondary side.
S4.2, according to the characteristic impedance value of immittance converter and the resonance frequency of immittance converter, impedance change is calculated The inductance value of first series inductance of parallel operation and the capacitance of shunt capacitance.
In formula, Z0Indicate the characteristic impedance value of immittance converter, Ls1Indicate the electricity of the first series inductance of immittance converter Inductance value, ω0Indicate the resonance frequency of immittance converter, CpIndicate the capacitance of the shunt capacitance of immittance converter.
S4.3, the inductance value according to the first series inductance of the immittance converter of immittance converter, are calculated impedance change The inductance value of second series inductance of parallel operation.
Ls2=Ls1
In formula, Ls1Indicate the inductance value of the first series inductance of immittance converter, Ls2Indicate the second string of immittance converter Join the inductance value of inductance.
S5, according to the resonance frequency of primary side transmitting coil inductance value and immittance converter, primary side resonant capacitance is calculated Capacitance, the resonance frequency of line coil inductance and immittance converter is received according to secondary side, secondary side resonant capacitance is calculated Capacitance.
In formula, C1Indicate the capacitance of primary side resonant capacitance, ω0Indicate the resonance frequency of immittance converter, L1Indicate primary side Transmitting coil inductance value, L2Indicate secondary side receiving coil inductance value.
S6, the efficiency of transmission for calculating resonant network complete wireless power transmission circuit if meeting Preset Transfer efficiency value Design, such as otherwise return step S1 redefines loosely coupled transformer parameter.
A kind of design method of the wireless power transmission circuit as described in Claims 1 to 5 any one claim, It is characterized in that, powers for a unified wireless charging platform to multiple low-power equipments, unified wireless charging platform is mainly face To the small-powers power supply unit such as mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop, microphone, PDA, display.With maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system It compares, the particularity of unified wireless charging platform is that load is multiple and output power is smaller.Therefore, based on unified The design method and maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system different from of the radio energy transmission system of wireless charging platform, specific steps are such as Under:
Step 1: according to unified wireless charging platform between transimission power, primary side transmitting coil and secondary side receiving coil The requirement of distance determines the inductance value of primary side transmitting coil and the inductance value of multiple secondary side receiving coils;
Step 2: determining the input current of primary side transmitting coil according to the bearing power of multiple low-power equipments;
Step 3: being calculated according to the input current of primary side transmitting coil, the input voltage value and switching frequency of power module Obtain the characteristic impedance of immittance converter;
Step 4: the series electrical of immittance converter is calculated according to the characteristic impedance of immittance converter and switching frequency The inductance value of sense and the capacitance of shunt capacitance;
Step 5: obtaining the capacitance of primary side resonant capacitance according to primary side transmitting coil inductance value and switching frequency;
Step 6: according to the bearing power of multiple low-power equipments, the inductance value of multiple secondary side receiving coils and switch frequency Rate is calculated the capacitance of secondary side resonant capacitance, the design of wireless power transmission circuit is completed.
Compared with traditional design method, based on the electricity of wireless power transmission designed by circuit design method proposed by the present invention Road safety with higher, for example, not having the danger of high pressure at energy acceptance end if short trouble occurs for output loading; Large range of displacement occurs for primary side transmitting coil and breadths receiving coil, and the failure of short circuit will not occur for energy transmitting end.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of design method of wireless power transmission circuit, the wireless power transmission circuit includes:
Power module, for providing electric energy, the power module includes an industrial frequency rectifying circuit being electrically connected with city and and work The dc-link capacitance of frequency rectification circuit parallel connection;Energy transmitting end is connect with the power module, for by the electricity of power module It can issue in a wireless form;
Energy acceptance end is connect with the energy transmitting end, is supplied for receiving the electric energy of energy transmitting end sending, and to load Electricity;
The energy transmitting end includes the inverter circuit and immittance converter of successively circuit connection, the inverter circuit and institute State power module connection;
Loosely coupled transformer includes a primary side transmitting coil, and the described primary side transmitting coil setting is and described at energy transmitting end Immittance converter connection;At least one secondary side receiving coil, the secondary side receiving coil are arranged at energy acceptance end, pass through rectification Circuit connection is to corresponding load;
Primary side resonant capacitance is connected with the primary side transmitting coil;
Secondary side resonant capacitance is connected with the secondary side receiving coil;Wherein, loosely coupled transformer, primary side resonant capacitance and pair Side resonant capacitance constitutes a resonant network, and the immittance converter is series connection LCL type immittance converter, the impedance transformation Device includes concatenated first series inductance and the second series inductance, and the shunt capacitance in parallel with first series inductance;Its It is characterized in that, the non-contact power supply for maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system comprising the steps of:
S1, according to maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system to primary side transmitting coil diameter, secondary side receiving coil diameter, wireless transmitted power and The requirement of transmission range calculates loosely coupled transformer parameter, that is, determines primary side transmitting coil the number of turns, the pair side of loosely coupled transformer Receive line coil turn, primary side transmitting coil inductance value, secondary inductance value mutual when receiving line coil inductance and former pair;
S2, the mutual inductance value of equivalent resistance and former secondary side according to load, are calculated the resonance frequency of immittance converter;
S3, input voltage value and maintainable technology on-orbit power-supply system predeterminated voltage output valve according to power module, are calculated resonance The output voltage gain value of network;
S4, according to the resonance frequency of the output voltage gain value of resonant network, the mutual inductance value in former secondary side and immittance converter, calculating To the parameter of immittance converter;
S5, according to the resonance frequency of primary side transmitting coil inductance value and immittance converter, the electricity of primary side resonant capacitance is calculated Capacitance receives the resonance frequency of line coil inductance and immittance converter according to secondary side, the electricity of secondary side resonant capacitance is calculated Capacitance;
S6, the efficiency of transmission for calculating resonant network complete setting for wireless power transmission circuit if meeting Preset Transfer efficiency value Meter, such as otherwise return step S1, redefines loosely coupled transformer parameter.
2. the design method of wireless power transmission circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S4 packet Contain:
S4.1, according to the resonance frequency of the output voltage gain value of resonant network, the mutual inductance value in former secondary side and immittance converter, calculate Obtain the characteristic impedance value of immittance converter;
S4.2, according to the characteristic impedance value of immittance converter and the resonance frequency of immittance converter, immittance converter is calculated The first series inductance inductance value and shunt capacitance capacitance;
S4.3, the inductance value according to the first series inductance of the immittance converter of immittance converter, are calculated immittance converter The second series inductance inductance value.
3. the design method of wireless power transmission circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step S1, Primary side inductance value is equal with secondary inductance value;In the step S4.3, the inductance value of the first series inductance of immittance converter It is equal with the inductance value of the second series inductance.
4. a kind of design method of wireless power transmission circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be used for a unified nothing Line charging platform is powered to multiple low-power equipments comprising the steps of:
Step 1: according to unified wireless charging platform to distance between transimission power, primary side transmitting coil and secondary side receiving coil Requirement, determine the inductance value of primary side transmitting coil and the inductance value of multiple secondary sides receiving coils;
Step 2: determining the input current of primary side transmitting coil according to the bearing power of multiple low-power equipments;
Step 3: being calculated according to the input current of primary side transmitting coil, the input voltage value and switching frequency of power module The characteristic impedance of immittance converter;
Step 4: the series inductance of immittance converter is calculated according to the characteristic impedance of immittance converter and switching frequency The capacitance of inductance value and shunt capacitance;
Step 5: obtaining the capacitance of primary side resonant capacitance according to primary side transmitting coil inductance value and switching frequency;
Step 6: according to the bearing power of multiple low-power equipments, the inductance value and switching frequency of multiple secondary side receiving coils, meter Calculation obtains the capacitance of secondary side resonant capacitance, and the design of wireless power transmission circuit is completed.
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CN107979298B (en) * 2017-12-13 2020-04-17 中国科学院电工研究所 Method for calculating equivalent impedance of rectifier bridge load of wireless charging system
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CN108667156B (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-09-24 华智机器股份公司 A kind of magnetic coupling resonance formula smart circuit
CN110912280A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-03-24 北京交通大学 Wireless power transmission system based on bidirectional voltage doubling circuit
CN112072802A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-12-11 北京临近空间飞行器系统工程研究所 Wireless power supply device in aircraft cabin
CN117459319A (en) * 2023-12-20 2024-01-26 西安祥堃电气有限公司 Oil liquid remote online real-time monitoring system based on Internet of things

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