CN106338438B - A test device for ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a testing device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe column slips. , slip plate, stop block, screw, pipe string, center rod, support plate, upper centralizer, upper deformation sensor, middle deformation sensor, lower deformation sensor, lower centralization plate, pressure plate, stud and tension sensor The rotation of the motor is transmitted through the gearbox to make the two ball screws rotate synchronously, the slip seat equipped with the slip body is placed on the top plate, and the slip tooth plate on the slip body is arranged along the circumferential direction of the pipe string. Hold the pipe string tightly; when the motor is running, the downward movement of the ball screw will cause the pressure plate to act on the pressure plate and transfer the load to the tension sensor. Combined with the load measured by the tension sensor and the deformation of the pipe string measured by the deformation sensor, the ultimate bearing capacity of the pipe string in the state of slip clamping can be determined.

Description

A test device for ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips

technical field

The invention relates to a testing device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips, belonging to the technical field of drilling machinery in the oil and natural gas exploitation industry.

Background technique

The oil and gas resources in the stratum are exploited based on certain drilling and production techniques, and the wellbore is formed in the stratum through the drilling system, which includes the surface system and the downhole equipment. Among them, the drill string is one of the most important downhole equipment. It not only acts as a bridge to transmit the power of the wellhead, but also as a barrier to isolate the drilling fluid in the inner and outer annulus. With the continuous exploitation of oil and gas resources, drilling operations continue to shift to deep formations, and the number of deep and ultra-deep wells is gradually increasing. According to the distribution characteristics of my country's oil and gas resources, 52% of the natural gas in the Sichuan and Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia basins is buried in deep formations, and 73% of the oil resources in the western region. At the same time, my country's oil and gas development is also gradually moving towards the deep sea.

During drilling, when tripping is required, elevators or slips are usually used to hold the uppermost end of the drill string, and then the entire drill string is hoisted by hooks. However, for deep and ultra-deep wells, a key problem is that when the depth of the well is too large, the weight of the drill string is too large. For example, the weight of a 6,000-meter drill string can reach 200 tons. When tripping, the viscous resistance of the fluid must be considered. , and even special situations such as drilling tool sticking may occur. When tripping a drill string of several hundred tons, the axial tension in the clamped area of the drill string at the wellhead is the largest. When using slips, the drill string in the clamping area is subjected to both axial tension and radial pressure, and the slip plate has sharp steel teeth, which makes the drill string prone to failure and damage in this area. When the drill pipe is plastically deformed, the drill pipe cannot work normally, thereby causing huge economic losses. Therefore, how to determine the ultimate load of the drill string under the action of slips has become a key issue in the drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells. For drilling operations, due to the high cost of drilling equipment and high requirements for drilling safety, it is neither economical nor safe to carry out the test of the ultimate bearing capacity of drill string slips on the drilling site. Based on this background, how to design a device for testing the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips becomes our concern.

According to the structure and working principle of the slip, it can be found that the slip plate in direct contact with the pipe string is the core part of the slip. There are many types of steel teeth of the slip teeth, such as the number of steel teeth, the height of the steel teeth, the angle of the steel teeth, the chamfer of the steel teeth, etc. The clamping of the pipe string by different slip plates is also different. Impact. Therefore, in the design of slips, it is necessary to test different types of slips or slip plates to determine their effects, such as the plastic deformation or damage of the pipe string under the action of different types of slip plates. According to the characteristics of the slips clamping the pipe string, the test plan for the slips or the slip plate can be the same as the test of the ultimate bearing capacity of the pipe string, so the core problem is still how to design the relevant test equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips in order to overcome the above difficulties, so as to guide the design of deep well pipe strings and pipe string slips.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention solves this technical problem adopts is:

A test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe column slips, which mainly consists of a base, a gear box, a motor, a transmission shaft, a ball screw, a pressure plate, a cylindrical cylinder, a beam, a top plate, a slip seat, a slip body, and a slip tooth. Plate, stop block, screw, pipe string, center rod, support plate, upper centralizing plate, upper deformation sensor, middle deformation sensor, lower deformation sensor, lower centralizing plate, pressure plate, stud and tension sensor. In that: the base is fixed on the ground, the motor drives the gearbox to move through the transmission shaft, and the rotation of the motor is transmitted through the gearbox to make the two ball screws rotate synchronously, further driving the two cylindrical cylinders to move up and down, wherein the two cylindrical cylinders are both. It is fixedly connected with the beam; the top plate is arranged on the top of the ball screw, a slip seat is placed on the top plate, the slip body is arranged in the slip seat, the slip tooth plate is embedded in the dovetail groove of the slip body, and the slip body The top is provided with a stop block for preventing the slip plate from falling off, and the stop block is fixed on the slip body by the screw; the pipe column passes through the top plate, the beam and the pressure plate and is clamped by the slip plate. The upper deformation sensor, the middle deformation sensor and the lower deformation sensor are arranged inside the pipe string clamping area, and the upper and lower righting discs are respectively provided at the upper end of the upper deformation sensor and the lower end of the lower deformation sensor. The support plate is connected in series through the central rod, and the support plate is used to support the central rod; the lower end of the tension sensor is connected to the pipe string through the stud, and the movement of the cylindrical cylinder will drive the pressure plate to move. The synchronously moving pressure plate acts on the pressure plate and further acts on the tension sensor.

The test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the inside of the slip seat and the outside of the slip body are tapered; The inner wall of the seat is distributed in the circumferential direction, and each slip body is provided with a total of 18 slip plates in 6 rows and 3 columns, and the slip plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the pipe string.

The device for testing the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the upper centralizing plate and the lower centralizing plate are both made of elastic rubber.

The device for testing the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the distance from the support plate to the top of the slip body is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe string.

The test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the tensile force on the pipe string is measured by a tensile force sensor and converted into an electrical signal, which is then adjusted by a load amplifier and sent to a digital recorder, and passed through. The load display shows; the deformation of the inner diameter of the pipe string is measured by the inner diameter deformation sensor, adjusted by the deformation amplifier, and sent to the digital recorder, and displayed through the deformation display.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the device of the present invention can be used for testing the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips; (2) the device of the present invention can be used for different types of slips or slip plates (3) The device of the present invention is simple in structure and convenient in operation.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for testing the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of I in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the measurement principle diagram of the tensile force data of the pipe string in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the measuring principle diagram of the deformation data of the pipe string in the slip clamping area in the device of the present invention;

In the picture: 1. Base, 2. Gearbox, 3. Motor, 4. Transmission shaft, 5. Ball screw, 6. Pressure plate, 7. Cylindrical cylinder, 8. Beam, 9. Top plate, 10. Slips Seat, 11. Slip body, 12. Slip tooth plate, 13. Stop block, 14. Screw, 15. Pipe column, 16. Center rod, 17. Support plate, 18. Upper righting plate, 19. Upper deformation Sensor, 20. Middle deformation sensor, 21. Lower deformation sensor, 22. Lower centralizing plate, 23. Bearing plate, 24. Stud, 25. Tension sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is mainly composed of a base 1, a gear box 2, a motor 3, a transmission shaft 4, a ball screw 5, a pressure plate 6, a cylindrical cylinder 7 , beam 8, top plate 9, slip seat 10, slip body 11, slip tooth plate 12, stop block 13, screw 14, pipe column 15, center rod 16, support plate 17, upper centering plate 18, upper deformation The sensor 19, the middle deformation sensor 20, the lower deformation sensor 21, the lower centralizing plate 22, the pressure bearing plate 23, the stud 24 and the tension sensor 25 are composed. 4 drives the gearbox 2 to move, the rotation of the motor 3 is transmitted through the gearbox 2 to make the two ball screws 5 rotate synchronously, and further drives the two cylindrical cylinders 7 to move up and down, wherein the two cylindrical cylinders 7 are fixedly connected with the beam 8; The top plate 9 is arranged at the top of the ball screw 5, a slip seat 10 is placed on the top plate 9, the slip body 11 is arranged in the slip seat 10, the slip plate 12 is embedded in the dovetail groove of the slip body 11, The top of the tile body 11 is provided with a stop block 13 for preventing the slip plate 12 from falling off, and the screw 14 fixes the stop block 13 on the slip body 11; the pipe column 15 passes through the top plate 9, the beam 8 and the pressure The plate 6 is clamped by the slip plate 12, and the upper deformation sensor 19, the middle deformation sensor 20 and the lower deformation sensor 21 are arranged inside the clamping area of the pipe string 15. The upper end of the upper deformation sensor 19 and the lower deformation sensor 21 The lower end is provided with an upper centralizing plate 18 and a lower centralizing plate 22 respectively, the deformation sensor, the centralizing plate and the supporting plate 17 are connected in series through the central rod 16, and the supporting plate 17 is used to support the central rod 16; the lower end of the tension sensor 25 is connected by a stud 24 is connected to the pipe string 15, the movement of the cylindrical cylinder 7 will drive the pressure plate 6 to move, when the cylindrical cylinder 7 moves downward, the pressure plate 6 that moves synchronously acts on the pressure bearing plate 23 and further acts on the tension sensor 25 on.

The test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the inside of the slip seat 10 and the outside of the slip body 11 are tapered; the number of the slip bodies 11 is 3 and Distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the slip seat 10 , each slip body 11 is provided with a total of 18 slip plates 12 in 6 rows and 3 columns. The slip plates 12 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the pipe string 15 .

The test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the upper centralizing plate 18 and the lower centralizing plate 22 are both made of elastic rubber.

The test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the distance from the support plate 17 to the top of the slip body 11 is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe string 15. According to the Saint-Venin principle, at this time, the support plate 17 The force on the clamping area of the pipe string 15 is less affected.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the test device for the ultimate bearing capacity of pipe string slips is characterized in that the tensile force on the pipe string 15 is measured by the tensile force sensor 25 and converted into an electrical signal, and then subjected to the load. After the amplifier is adjusted, it is sent to the digital recorder and displayed by the load display; the deformation of the inner diameter of the pipe string 15 is measured by the inner diameter deformation sensor, and is sent to the digital recorder after being adjusted by the deformation amplifier, and displayed by the deformation display.

The above specific embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but not to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention belong to the protection of the present invention. scope.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of tubular column slip ultimate bearing capacity test device, mainly by pedestal (1), gear-box (2), motor (3), transmission Axis (4), ball-screw (5), pressure plate (6), column cylinder (7), crossbeam (8), top plate (9), slip spider (10), slips body (11), Slip dog (12), scotch (13), screw (14), tubing string (15), center-pole (16), support plate (17), upper righting disc (18), Upper deformation-sensor (19), middle deformation-sensor (20), lower deformation-sensor (21), lower righting disc (22), bearing disc (23), spiral shell Column (24) and tension sensor (25) composition, the slips body (11) are set in slip spider (10), and slip dog (12) is embedded in In the dovetail groove of slips body (11), slips body (11) top is equipped with the scotch (13) for preventing slip dog (12) from falling off, Scotch (13) is fixed on slips body (11) by screw (14), it is further characterized in that: the pedestal (1) is fixed on ground, Motor (3) drives gear-box (2) movement by transmission shaft (4), and the rotation of motor (3) makes two through gear-box (2) transmitting Ball-screw (5) rotates synchronously, and is further driven to two column cylinders (7) and moves up and down, and two of them column cylinder (7) is and crossbeam (8) it is fixedly connected；The top plate (9) is set to ball-screw (5) top, is placed with slip spider (10) on top plate (9)；The pipe Column (15) is clamped across top plate (9), crossbeam (8) and pressure plate (6) and by slip dog (12), in the interior of tubing string (15) pinch zones Portion is equipped with upper deformation-sensor (19), middle deformation-sensor (20) and lower deformation-sensor (21), in upper deformation-sensor (19) Upper end and the lower end of lower deformation-sensor (21) be respectively equipped with righting disc (18) and lower righting disc (22), deformation-sensor, Righting disc and support plate (17) are connected by center-pole (16), and support plate (17) is used to support center-pole (16)；The pulling force passes The lower end of sensor (25) is connected on tubing string (15) by stud (24), and the mobile of column cylinder (7) will drive pressure plate (6) fortune Dynamic, when column cylinder (7) moves down, the pressure plate (6) of synchronizing moving is acted on bearing disc (23) and is further acted on In tension sensor (25).

2. a kind of tubular column slip ultimate bearing capacity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the slips The inside of seat (10) and the outside of slips body (11) are tapered；The quantity of the slips body (11) is 3 and along slip spider (10) inner wall is circumferentially distributed, and 6 rows 3 are equipped on each slips body (11) and arrange total 18 pieces of slip dogs (12), slip dog (12) it is arranged along the circumferencial direction of tubing string (15).

3. a kind of tubular column slip ultimate bearing capacity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that helped on described Positive disk (18) and lower righting disc (22) are made of elastic rubber.

4. a kind of tubular column slip ultimate bearing capacity test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the support Disk (17) is greater than the outer diameter of tubing string (15) to the distance on slips body (11) top.