CN106338262A

CN106338262A - Method for measuring included angle of jet flow of impact type water turbine

Info

Publication number: CN106338262A
Application number: CN201610975368.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘永新; 赵越; 王茜芸; 贺丽萍; 高阳; 童文波; 徐用良; 许建新
Original assignee: Harbin Electric Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Electric Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-11-07
Filing date: 2016-11-07
Publication date: 2017-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-07
Also published as: CN106338262B

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for measuring the included angle of a jet flow of an impact type water turbine. Laser is used to simulate the jet state of unidirectional flow jet pipes by utilizing a linear spreading principle of laser; and a circular disk of the standard size is used to simulate a rotating wheel of the impact type water turbine. The arc length between two laser beams of the standard circular disk is measured to obtain the included angle between the two unidirectional flow jet pipes. The method of the invention can be used to measure the included angle between the two unidirectional flow jet pipes in space, ensure the precision of a measuring result, and eliminates influence of artificial factors on the measuring result.

Description

Impulse turbine jet angle measuring method

Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of impulse turbine jet angle measuring method.

Background technology: the stable operation of impulse turbine needs to rely on accurate jet location to be ensured, jet position The deviation put will reduce unit efficiency, cause unit vibration, affect unit service life.And the DC jet tube of impulse turbine It is in relatively independent locus, be difficult to accurately measure the relative angle of two DC jet tubes, i.e. jet angle.Generally Measuring method, the radial and axial distance only for runner, DC jet tube measures, such as using universal measurements such as meter rulers Instrument, this method measure error is big, repeatability is low it is impossible to ensure accuracy and the reliability of measurement.In recent years also using special With survey tool, impingement rotary wheel of water turbine and jet pipe relative position measure, but this measuring method also only can be measured Runner and the axially and radially distance of DC jet tube, but cannot measure the angle of two neighboring DC jet tube.Therefore, it is impossible to ensure The accuracy of impulse turbine jet location；So, in the urgent need to a kind of measurement for impulse turbine jet angle Method, to ensure the accurate of each DC jet tube jet location, to make up the disappearance of measurement size.

Content of the invention:

The purpose of the present invention be disclose a kind of ensureing the accurate of each DC jet tube jet location, make up lacking of measurement size The impulse turbine jet angle measuring method lost.The technical scheme is that laser generator (5) and DC jet tube (1) positioned by seam and be fixedly connected using the second screw (4)；Normal disc (9) passes through water wheels with hydrodynamic bearing (7) The cylindrical of machine bearing (7) is positioned with end face and is fixedly connected using the 3rd screw (8)；Rotation normal disc (9), makes direct current spray Starting point a on jet laser beam alignment criteria disk (9) of pipe (10), the jet laser beam be aligned of record DC jet tube (11) Calibration points b in normal disc (9), read the arc length of upper a, b point-to-point transmission of normal disc (9)；Direct current is tried to achieve by below equation Angle between jet pipe (10) and DC jet tube (11)

In formula:

Represent the jet angle of DC jet tube (10) and DC jet tube (11), unit degree；

L represents the arc length of upper a, b point-to-point transmission of normal disc (9), unit millimeter；

R represents the radius of normal disc (9), unit millimeter.

The operation principle of the present invention is: using the straightline propagation principle of laser, using the jet of laser analog DC jet tube State；Using standard-sized disk, simulate the runner of impulse turbine.Laser beam is mapped to normal disc by laser generator On, by the arc length between two bundle laser on measurement standard disk, try to achieve the angle between two DC jet tubes.

The method have the benefit that:

1. achieve the measurement of angle between two DC jet tubes in space: two DC jet tubes are considered as associated components, no longer Individually both are measured, it is to avoid the error that different benchmark produce.

2. ensure the precision of measurement result: because the diameter of laser beam is negligible with respect to the girth of normal disc, Therefore calculate angle by measuring arc length, it is to avoid the error that direct measurement angle is brought；Simultaneously as the arc length of normal disc is big In chord length, jet angle is calculated using arc length it is ensured that measurement result precision.

3. the thorough elimination impact to measurement result for the human factor: the laser generator in this measuring method and DC jet tube Between there is positioning datum, effectively ensure the axiality of laser beam and jet-core region；Also deposit between normal disc and hydrodynamic bearing In positioning datum it is ensured that the axiality of normal disc and hydrodynamic bearing.Laser generator and normal disc are pacified by tester Install after finishing, need not be adjusted, directly read arc length data.

4. measurement angle is converted into measurement distance: the angle between due to two DC jet tubes is located in three dimensions, very The angle of both difficult direct measurements, by formulaSet up the relation of arc length and angle, calculate two by measuring arc length Angle between DC jet tube, substantially reduces the difficulty of direct measurement angle, improves the precision of measurement result simultaneously.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is impulse turbine jet angle measurement apparatus front view

Fig. 2 is impulse turbine jet angle measurement apparatus top view

Fig. 3 is normal disc structure chart

Specific embodiment:

Fig. 1 show impulse turbine jet angle measurement apparatus front view, and impulse turbine jet angle measures Method, laser generator 5 is positioned by seam with DC jet tube 1 and is fixedly connected using the second screw 4；Normal disc 9 with Hydrodynamic bearing 7 is positioned by the cylindrical and end face of hydrodynamic bearing 7 and is fixedly connected using the 3rd screw 8；As Fig. 3 institute Show, rotate normal disc 9, make starting point a on the jet laser beam alignment criteria disk 9 of DC jet tube 10, record direct current spray Calibration points b on the jet laser beam alignment criteria disk 9 of pipe 11, read the arc length of a, b point-to-point transmission in normal disc 9；Pass through Below equation tries to achieve the angle between DC jet tube 10 and DC jet tube 11

In formula:

Represent the jet angle of DC jet tube 10 and DC jet tube 11, unit degree；

L represents the arc length of a, b point-to-point transmission in normal disc 9, unit millimeter；

R represents the radius of normal disc 9, unit millimeter.

DC jet tube 1 is fixedly connected by the first screw 2 with casing 3, and it is fixing that hydrodynamic bearing 7 and casing 3 pass through bolt 6 Connect, there is positioning spigot between laser generator 5 and DC jet tube 1 it is ensured that laser beam and DC jet tube 1 central coaxial, utilize Both are fixedly connected by the second screw 4.Normal disc 9 is positioned using the cylindrical of hydrodynamic bearing 7 and end face it is ensured that both Axiality and perpendicularity, so that normal disc 9 periphery is in DC jet tube 1 stream range.Using the 3rd screw 8 by standard Disk 9 is fixedly connected with hydrodynamic bearing 7.

Fig. 2 show impulse turbine jet angle measurement apparatus top view, rotates normal disc 9, makes DC jet tube Starting point a on 10 jet laser beam alignment criteria disk 9, the now jet laser beam alignment criteria disk of DC jet tube 11 Calibration points b on 9, read the arc length of a, b point-to-point transmission in normal disc 9.Must DC jet tube 10 and direct current by below equation Angle between jet pipe 11

In formula:

Represent the jet angle of DC jet tube 10 and DC jet tube 11, unit degree；

R represents the radius of normal disc 9, unit millimeter；

Only jet angle in above formulaFor unknown quantity, arc length l of a, b point-to-point transmission, the radius of normal disc 9 in normal disc 9 R is known quantity.The radius r of generally normal disc 9 is more than 200mm, therefore understandsTherefore, a, b two in normal disc 9 Arc length l between point changes to the angle between DC jet tube 10 and DC jet tube 11Impact will reduce, improve jet angle Certainty of measurement.Meanwhile, all there is positioning relation, need not manually adjust, therefore thoroughly disappear in the survey tool that this measuring method uses Except the impact to measurement result for the human factor it is ensured that the reliability of measurement result.

Claims

1. a kind of impulse turbine jet angle measuring method, is characterized in that: laser generator (5) is led to DC jet tube (1) Cross seam to position and be fixedly connected using the second screw (4)；Normal disc (9) passes through turbine shaft with hydrodynamic bearing (7) Hold the cylindrical of (7) to position with end face and be fixedly connected using the 3rd screw (8)；Rotation normal disc (9), makes DC jet tube (10) starting point a on jet laser beam alignment criteria disk (9), the jet laser beam of record DC jet tube (11) is to fiducial mark Calibration points b on director circle disk (9), read the arc length of upper a, b point-to-point transmission of normal disc (9)；Direct current spray is tried to achieve by below equation Angle between pipe (10) and DC jet tube (11)

In formula:

R represents the radius of normal disc (9), unit millimeter.