CN106332180B - Load balancing method and device - Google Patents
Load balancing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332180B CN106332180B CN201510355901.7A CN201510355901A CN106332180B CN 106332180 B CN106332180 B CN 106332180B CN 201510355901 A CN201510355901 A CN 201510355901A CN 106332180 B CN106332180 B CN 106332180B
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for load balancing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: for each directional cell corresponding to the determined base station, periodically determining the load state of the directional cell; and adjusting the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell according to the load state. According to the load state of the cell, the invention adjusts the width of the broadcast beam corresponding to the cell, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the coverage area of the cell and further achieve the purpose of cell load balancing.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for load balancing.
Background
Currently, a 2G (second generation mobile communication technology)/3G (third generation mobile communication technology) networking scheme is adopted in an LTE (Long Term Evolution) network planning and coverage scheme, and a base station in an LTE system is of a directional three-sector (three-cell) structure, that is, a clover structure, and the structure is shown in fig. 1. The distribution and the quantity of communication users and user services are random and time-varying, and with the continuous increase of the service volume of the LTE network, the current network has the problem of load imbalance among cells, namely, a hot spot cell may exist in the current network, the number of service requests and access users of the hot spot cell is far higher than an average level, and the load in a cell adjacent to the hot spot cell may be very small, so that the problem of load imbalance among cells is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a load balancing method and device, which are used for solving the problem of load imbalance among cells.
A method of load balancing, comprising:
for each directional cell corresponding to the determined base station, periodically determining the load state of the directional cell;
and adjusting the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell according to the load state.
In the method, if the load state includes a light load state and an overload state, the method adjusts the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell according to the load state, and specifically includes:
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, reducing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the reduced broadcast beam width is not less than the minimum value of the preset broadcast beam width;
and when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be an overload state, increasing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the increased broadcast beam width is not more than the maximum value of the preset broadcast beam width.
The embodiment of the invention achieves the purpose of adjusting the cell load by increasing or reducing the width of the broadcast beam of the cell.
In the method, if the load state includes a light load state and an overload state, the load state of the directional cell is periodically determined, which specifically includes:
periodically detecting the utilization rate of a Physical Resource Block (PRB) of the directional cell;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be smaller than a set first threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set second threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state; or the like, or, alternatively,
periodically detecting the number of access users of the directional cell;
when the number of the access users is determined to be smaller than a set third threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set fourth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state; or the like, or, alternatively,
periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate and the number of access users of the directional cell;
determining that the PRB utilization rate is smaller than a set fifth threshold value, and when the number of the access users is smaller than a set sixth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
and when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set seventh threshold value and the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set eighth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state.
The embodiment of the invention determines the load of the cell through the PRB utilization rate and the number of the access users of the cell, thereby determining the load state of the cell.
In the method, the base station is in a directional six-cell structure.
The directional six cell structure may increase coverage compared to the directional three cell structure.
In the method, the directional six-cell structure is determined in the following manner:
splitting each directional cell in the directional three cells into a pair of sub-cells on the basis of the directional three-cell structure, wherein the coverage range of each sub-cell is the same as that of the directional cell corresponding to the sub-cell;
respectively biasing the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions for setting angles, and setting the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells as a preset initial value;
and carrying out beam forming on each sub-cell to obtain the directional six-cell structure.
The embodiment of the invention improves the existing directional three-cell structure into the directional six-cell structure, and greatly improves the coverage range due to the increase of the number of the cells.
In the method, the method of respectively biasing the azimuth angle of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions for setting angles, and setting the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells to a preset initial value specifically includes:
by adjusting the amplitude and the phase of each antenna corresponding to each sub-cell, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively biased to opposite directions for setting angles, and the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells is set to be a preset initial value.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the broadcast beam width and the beam direction of the directional sub-cell are obtained by adjusting the amplitude and the phase of each antenna.
The invention also provides a load balancing device, comprising:
a first determining unit, configured to periodically determine, for each directional cell corresponding to the determined base station, a load state of the directional cell;
and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the width of the broadcast beam corresponding to the directional cell according to the load state.
In the apparatus, the adjusting unit is specifically configured to:
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, reducing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the reduced broadcast beam width is not less than the minimum value of the preset broadcast beam width;
and when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be an overload state, increasing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the increased broadcast beam width is not more than the maximum value of the preset broadcast beam width.
In the apparatus, the determining unit is specifically configured to:
when the load state comprises a light load state and an overload state, periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate of the physical resource block of the directional cell;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be smaller than a set first threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set second threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state; or the like, or, alternatively,
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, periodically detecting the number of access users of the directional cell;
when the number of the access users is determined to be smaller than a set third threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set fourth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state; or the like, or, alternatively,
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate and the number of access users of the directional cell;
determining that the PRB utilization rate is smaller than a set fifth threshold value, and when the number of the access users is smaller than a set sixth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
and when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set seventh threshold value and the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set eighth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state.
In the device, the base station is in a directional six-cell structure.
The device, still include:
a second determining unit, configured to split each directional cell in the directional three cells into a pair of sub-cells on the basis of a directional three-cell structure, where a coverage area of each sub-cell is the same as that of the directional cell corresponding to the sub-cell;
respectively biasing the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions for setting angles, and setting the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells as a preset initial value;
and carrying out beam forming on each sub-cell to obtain the directional six-cell structure.
In the apparatus, the second determining unit is specifically configured to, when the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells are respectively biased to opposite directions by a set angle, and the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells is set as a preset initial value:
by adjusting the amplitude and the phase of each antenna corresponding to each sub-cell, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively biased to opposite directions for setting angles, and the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells is set to be a preset initial value.
The method and the device for load balancing have the following beneficial effects that: and adjusting the width of the broadcast beam corresponding to the cell according to the load state of the cell to achieve the purpose of adjusting the coverage area of the cell and further achieve the purpose of cell load balancing. The cell coverage is enlarged, the service of the adjacent cell can be absorbed, the load of the cell is increased by the user, the cell coverage is reduced, the user and the service at the edge of the cell can be automatically transferred to the adjacent cell, and the load of the cell is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a directional three-cell structure provided in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for load balancing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for determining a load status of a directional cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a second method for determining a load status of a directional cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining a load status of a directional cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for determining a directional six-cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prior art directed three-cell network;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a directional six-cell network provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an eight-antenna array element model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10(a) shows simulation results of antenna beams according to corresponding antenna parameters in table 1 when the offset angle is-30 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10(b) shows simulation results of antenna beams according to corresponding antenna parameters in table 1 when the offset angle is 30 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11(a) is a simulation result of antenna beams according to the antenna parameters corresponding to the offset angle of-30 degrees in table 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11(b) is a simulation result of antenna beams according to the antenna parameters corresponding to the offset angle of 30 degrees in table 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 shows simulation results of antenna beams according to table 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a result of antenna beam simulation performed on existing directional three cells according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a load balancing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method and apparatus for load balancing according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a load balancing method, as shown in fig. 2, including:
Specifically, one base station may correspond to three directional cells (sectors) or six directional cells (sectors), which is not limited. Preferably, the base station is a directional six-cell structure, that is, one base station corresponds to six directional cells, and the directional six-cell structure can increase the coverage.
The method comprises the steps that for each directional cell corresponding to a base station, the load state of the cell is periodically determined, preferably, the load state comprises a light load state, an overload state and a normal state, and further, when the load of the directional cell is determined to be in a first load interval, the directional cell is determined to be in the light load state; when the load of the directional cell is determined to be in the second load interval, determining that the directional cell is in a normal state; and when the load of the directional cell is determined to be in the third load interval, determining that the directional cell is in an overload state.
The load state may be limited by, for example, the load state includes a plurality of load intervals, and different load intervals correspond to different load states, for example, the load intervals are (0, 100], (100, 150], (150, 200], (200, 250) ], in which case, different load intervals correspond to different load states, and different load states correspond to different broadcast beam width values.
Specifically, each directional cell corresponds to a broadcast beam width, and the coverage area of the directional cell can be adjusted by adjusting the broadcast beam width, that is, the broadcast beam width is increased, the coverage area of the directional cell can be reduced, the broadcast beam width is reduced, and the coverage area of the directional cell can be enlarged.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the purpose of adjusting the cell coverage can be achieved by adjusting the broadcast beam width corresponding to the cell according to the load state of the cell, the cell coverage is enlarged, the service and the user of the adjacent cell can be absorbed to increase the load of the cell, the cell coverage is reduced, and the user and the service at the edge part of the cell can be automatically transferred to the adjacent cell, so that the load of the cell is reduced.
Specifically, the service and the user of the neighboring cell with a relatively low load are absorbed by the cell, and the user and the service of the edge part of the cell are automatically transferred to the neighboring cell with a relatively low load.
Preferably, the load state includes a light load state and an overload state, and then the method adjusts the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell according to the load state, specifically including:
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, reducing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the reduced broadcast beam width is not less than the minimum value of the preset broadcast beam width;
and when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be an overload state, increasing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the increased broadcast beam width is not more than the maximum value of the preset broadcast beam width.
Specifically, when the load state of the directional cell is a light load state, it is stated that the load of the directional cell is light, and at this time, the coverage area of the directional cell may be increased by reducing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, so as to absorb the load of the neighboring cell, and preferably, the neighboring cell is a neighboring cell which has a larger load and is more overlapped with the coverage area of the cell. When the load state of the directional cell is an overload state, it indicates that the load of the directional cell is heavier, and at this time, the coverage area of the directional cell may be reduced by increasing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, so as to transfer the load of the edge portion of the directional cell to a neighboring cell, preferably, the neighboring cell has a smaller load and overlaps more with the coverage portion of the cell. At this time, the broadcast beam width of the neighbor cell to which the load is transferred may not be increased. And when the load state of the cell is a normal state, the corresponding broadcast beam width of the directional cell is unchanged. The adjacent cell is the adjacent cell of the cell counting station or the adjacent cell of the adjacent base station, and the adjacent cells between different base stations are interacted through an X2 interface.
Specifically, when the base station in the preferred embodiment is a directional six-cell structure, the minimum value of the preset beam width of each directional cell is preferably 36 degrees, the maximum value of the preset broadcast beam width is preferably 65 degrees, and the broadcast beam width of each cell further includes an intermediate value, preferably 45 degrees. The preset initial value of the broadcast beam width of each directional cell is 36 degrees. At this time, if the broadcast beam width currently corresponding to the directional cell is 36 degrees, the broadcast beam width corresponding to the increased cell is: firstly, increasing the cell broadcast beam width from 36 degrees to 45 degrees, if the cell broadcast beam width is increased and the directional cell is still in an overload state, increasing the broadcast beam width of the directional cell from 45 degrees to 65 degrees after a set time length; if the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell is 65 degrees, the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell is decreased to: firstly, the broadcast beam width of a directional cell is reduced from 65 degrees to 45 degrees, if the broadcast beam width is reduced and the directional cell is still in a light load state, the broadcast beam width of the directional cell is reduced from 45 degrees to 36 degrees after a set time length.
The broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell may also be reduced or increased by:
and reducing or increasing the width of the broadcast beam corresponding to the cell according to the set step length.
Specifically, the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell is decreased by a set step size to obtain a first reduced broadcast beam width, and if the directional cell is still in a light load state at this time, the first broadcast beam width is decreased by the set step size after a set time (for example, 1 minute).
Specifically, the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell is increased by a set step size to obtain an increased first broadcast beam width, and if the directional cell is still in an overload state at this time, the first broadcast beam width is increased by the set step size after a set time (for example, 1 minute).
As a preferred embodiment, the load status includes an underload status and an overload status, and the periodically determining the load status of the directional cell, as shown in fig. 3, specifically includes:
step 301, periodically detecting the utilization rate of a Physical Resource Block (PRB) of the directional cell.
Preferably, the first threshold is set to 30%.
Preferably, the second threshold is set to 70%.
And 305, determining the load state of the directional cell as an overload state.
The execution sequence of step 302 and step 304 may be reversed, that is, it is determined whether the second threshold is greater than the first threshold and then determined whether the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
The embodiment of the invention determines the load of the cell by detecting the PRB utilization rate of the cell, thereby determining the load state of the cell.
As another preferred embodiment, the load state includes an underload state and an overload state, and the periodically determining the load state of the directional cell, as shown in fig. 4, specifically includes:
step 401, periodically detecting the number of users accessing the directional cell.
Step 402, determining whether the number of the access users is smaller than a set third threshold, if yes, executing step 403, otherwise, executing step 404.
Preferably, the third threshold is set to 30.
Step 403, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state.
Step 404, determining whether the number of the access users is greater than a set fourth threshold, if yes, executing step 405, otherwise, executing step 406.
Preferably, the fourth threshold is set to 120.
Step 406, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a normal state.
Wherein the execution order of step 402 and step 404 may be reversed.
The embodiment of the invention determines the load of the cell by detecting the number of the access users of the cell, thereby determining the load state of the cell.
As another preferred embodiment, the load state includes an underload state and an overload state, and the periodically determining the load state of the directional cell, as shown in fig. 5, specifically includes:
and step 501, periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate and the number of access users of the directional cell.
Preferably, the fifth threshold is set to 20%.
Preferably, the sixth threshold is set to 20.
Preferably, the seventh threshold is set to 60%.
Step 506, judging whether the number of the access users is larger than a set eighth threshold value, if so, executing step 507, otherwise, executing step 508.
Preferably, the eighth threshold is set to 100.
Step 507, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state;
step 508, determining the load state of the directional cell as a normal state.
And setting the fifth threshold to be smaller than the seventh threshold, and setting the sixth threshold to be smaller than the eighth threshold.
The embodiment of the invention determines the load of the cell by combining the PRB utilization rate of the cell and the number of the access users, thereby determining the load state of the cell.
Preferably, the directional six-cell structure is determined as follows, as shown in fig. 6, including:
step 601, splitting each cell in the directional three cells into a pair of sub-cells on the basis of the directional three-cell structure, wherein the coverage area of each sub-cell is the same as that of the cell corresponding to the sub-cell.
Specifically, on the basis of the existing three-cell structure, for each directional cell in the three directional cells, the directional cell is split into a pair of (two) sub-cells, and each sub-cell in the split pair of sub-cells has the same coverage as the directional cell before splitting.
Specifically, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively offset to opposite directions by a set angle, that is, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively offset to positive and negative directions by the set angle, preferably, the set angle is 30 degrees or 45 degrees, and the preset initial value is 36 degrees.
Specifically, one eight-channel RRU resource is simultaneously allocated to two cells, i.e., the pair of cells, and each beam corresponds to one eight-channel cell through beam forming, i.e., one cell is divided into two cells, thereby obtaining a directional six-cell structure. The networking schematic diagram of the directional three-cell structure is shown in fig. 7, wherein one black dot represents one base station of the directional three-cell structure, and as can be seen from fig. 7, one base station corresponds to three directional cells. The networking schematic diagram of the directional six-cell structure is shown in fig. 8, wherein one black dot represents a base station of the directional six-cell structure, and as can be seen from fig. 8, one base station corresponds to six directional cells. It can be seen from fig. 7 and 8 that the coverage of the directional six cell is larger than the coverage of the directional three cell.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the existing directional three-cell structure is improved into the directional six-cell structure, and the coverage area is greatly improved due to the increase of the number of the cells. Through conventional drive test analysis of the directional three-cell structure and the directional six-cell structure, the coverage RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power) value of the directional six-cell structure is improved by 3dB, and the cell capacity is improved by 20%.
Specifically, one sub-cell corresponds to eight antennas, the eight antennas adopt a dual-polarized eight-antenna array element model, the eight-antenna array element model is shown in fig. 9, where λ/2 represents half of a wavelength, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 represent antennas P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, and P8, respectively. Then, in step 602, the step of respectively offsetting the azimuth angle of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions by a set angle, and setting the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells to a preset initial value specifically includes:
by adjusting the amplitude and the phase of each antenna corresponding to each sub-cell, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively biased to opposite directions for setting angles, and the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells is set to be a preset initial value.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by utilizing the beam forming capability of the antenna and adjusting the amplitude and the phase of the antenna, each sub-cell is enabled to carry out azimuth angle bias and determine the initial value of the beam width according to the adjusted amplitude and phase.
The following illustrates, by way of example, the amplitude and phase of the antenna corresponding to two sub-cells and the beam simulation result when splitting a cell in a directional three-cell into two sub-cells in the embodiment of the present invention. In the F band, based on the dual-polarized eight-antenna array element model shown in fig. 9 and any one cell in the directional three-cell structure, if two sub-cells with broadcast beam widths of 30 degrees are to be obtained, the offset angle of the any one cell and the amplitude and phase values corresponding to each polarized antenna are shown in table 1; to obtain two sub-cells with a broadcast beam width of 45 degrees, the offset angle of any one cell and the amplitude and phase values corresponding to each polarized antenna are shown in table 2, where P1-P8 are antenna numbers, and P1 and P5, P2 and P6, P3 and P7, and P4 and P8 are dual-polarized antennas with an included angle of 90 degrees, respectively. Simulation results obtained by performing antenna beam simulation on the north-positive zero-degree direction cell of the existing directional three cells according to the parameters in table 1 are respectively shown in fig. 10(a) and 10(b), and simulation results obtained by performing antenna beam simulation on the north-positive zero-degree direction cell of the existing directional three cells according to the parameters in table 2 are respectively shown in fig. 11(a) and 11 (b).
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the simulation results of fig. 10(a), 10(b), 11(a) and 11(b), after the broadcast beam width of a cell is reduced, the radiation direction of the cell is still relatively accurate, and no serious distortion occurs.
Through multiple simulation experiments, the amplitude and phase values of each antenna are optimized to obtain a set of amplitude and phase values of each antenna with the power and the interference at the optimal balance point, as shown in table 3. The simulation result obtained after antenna beam simulation is performed on the north-positive zero-degree direction cell in the existing three directional cells according to the parameters in table 3 is shown in fig. 12, that is, after the amplitude and the phase corresponding to each antenna are adjusted to the values recorded in table 3, the cell can be split into two sub-cells with the broadcast beam width of 36 degrees, and the split cells are respectively offset by 30 degrees in the positive and negative directions, so that an ideal directional six-cell structure can be obtained. The simulation result of the antenna beam simulation (broadcast beam width of 65 degrees) performed on the north-positive zero-degree cell of the directional three cells is shown in fig. 13.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from fig. 12 and 13, compared with the level of the cell boundary (120 degrees and 240 degrees) of any 65-degree broadcast beam width of the directional three cells, the level of the two 36-degree broadcast beam width sub-cells obtained by splitting the cell is improved by 6-8 dB in the directions of 120 degrees and 240 degrees. In fig. 12 and 13, the levels increase sequentially from the center of the circle to the outside of the circle, and the level difference between two consecutive concentric circles is 3 dB.
Based on the same inventive concept as the load balancing method provided in the foregoing embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a load balancing apparatus, as shown in fig. 14, including:
a first determining unit 1401, configured to periodically determine, for each directional cell corresponding to the determined base station, a load state of the directional cell;
an adjusting unit 1402, configured to adjust a broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell according to the load status.
Preferably, in the apparatus, the adjusting unit is specifically configured to:
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, reducing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the reduced broadcast beam width is not less than the minimum value of the preset broadcast beam width;
and when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be an overload state, increasing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell, wherein the increased broadcast beam width is not more than the maximum value of the preset broadcast beam width.
Preferably, in the apparatus, the determining unit is specifically configured to:
periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate of the directional cell when the load state comprises a light load state and an overload state;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be smaller than a set first threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set second threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state; or the like, or, alternatively,
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, periodically detecting the number of access users of the directional cell;
when the number of the access users is determined to be smaller than a set third threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set fourth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state; or the like, or, alternatively,
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be a light load state, periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate and the number of access users of the directional cell;
determining that the PRB utilization rate is smaller than a set fifth threshold value, and when the number of the access users is smaller than a set sixth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
and when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set seventh threshold value and the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set eighth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state.
Preferably, in the apparatus, the base station is in a directional six-cell structure.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises:
a second determining unit 1403, configured to split each directional cell in the directional three cells into a pair of sub-cells based on the directional three-cell structure, where each sub-cell has the same coverage as the directional cell corresponding to the sub-cell;
respectively biasing the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions for setting angles, and setting the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells as a preset initial value;
and carrying out beam forming on each sub-cell to obtain the directional six-cell structure.
Preferably, in the apparatus, when the second determining unit biases the azimuth angle of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions respectively by a set angle, and sets the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells to a preset initial value, the second determining unit is specifically configured to:
by adjusting the amplitude and the phase of each antenna corresponding to each sub-cell, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively biased to opposite directions for setting angles, and the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells is set to be a preset initial value.
The method and the device for load balancing have the following beneficial effects that: and adjusting the width of the broadcast beam corresponding to the cell according to the load state of the cell to achieve the purpose of adjusting the coverage area of the cell and further achieve the purpose of cell load balancing. The cell coverage is enlarged, the service of the adjacent cell can be absorbed, the load of the cell is increased by the user, the cell coverage is reduced, the user and the service at the edge of the cell can be automatically transferred to the adjacent cell, and the load of the cell is reduced.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A method of load balancing, comprising:
for each directional cell corresponding to the determined base station, periodically determining the load state of the directional cell, wherein the load state comprises an underload state and an overload state;
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be the light load state, reducing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell according to a set step length, wherein the reduced broadcast beam width is not smaller than a preset broadcast beam width minimum value, and when the load state is still in the light load state, reducing the broadcast beam width according to the set step length;
when the load state of the directional cell is determined to be the overload state, the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell is increased according to the set step length, the increased broadcast beam width is not larger than the maximum value of the preset broadcast beam width, and when the load state is still in the overload state, the broadcast beam width is increased according to the set step length;
the base station is of a directional six-cell structure and is determined in the following mode:
splitting each directional cell in the directional three cells into a pair of sub-cells on the basis of a directional three-cell structure; each sub-cell in the pair of sub-cells after splitting has the same coverage area as the directional cell before splitting;
respectively biasing the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions for setting angles, and setting the width of the broadcast beam corresponding to each pair of sub-cells as a preset initial value;
and carrying out beam forming on each sub-cell to obtain the directional six-cell structure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein periodically determining the load status of the directional cell comprises:
periodically detecting the utilization rate of a Physical Resource Block (PRB) of the directional cell;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be smaller than a set first threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set second threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state;
or, periodically detecting the number of access users of the directional cell;
when the number of the access users is determined to be smaller than a set third threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set fourth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state;
or periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate and the number of access users of the directional cell;
determining that the PRB utilization rate is smaller than a set fifth threshold value, and when the number of the access users is smaller than a set sixth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
and when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set seventh threshold value and the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set eighth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of respectively offsetting the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions by a set angle, and setting the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells to a preset initial value, specifically comprises:
by adjusting the amplitude and the phase of each antenna corresponding to each sub-cell, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively biased to opposite directions for setting angles, and the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells is set to be a preset initial value.
4. An apparatus for load balancing, comprising:
a first determining unit, configured to periodically determine, for each directional cell corresponding to a determined base station, a load state of the directional cell, where the load state includes an underload state and an overload state;
an adjusting unit, configured to reduce, according to a set step length, a broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell when the load state of the directional cell is the light-load state, where the reduced broadcast beam width is not smaller than a preset broadcast beam width minimum value, and when the load state is still in the light-load state, reduce the broadcast beam width again according to the set step length;
when the load state of the directional cell is the overload state, increasing the broadcast beam width corresponding to the directional cell according to the set step length, wherein the increased broadcast beam width is not larger than the maximum value of the preset broadcast beam width, and when the load state is still in the overload state, increasing the broadcast beam width again according to the set step length;
the base station is of a directional six-cell structure and comprises:
a second determining unit, configured to split each directional cell in the directional three cells into a pair of sub-cells on the basis of a directional three-cell structure; each sub-cell in the pair of sub-cells after splitting has the same coverage area as the directional cell before splitting;
respectively biasing the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions for setting angles, and setting the width of the broadcast beam corresponding to each pair of sub-cells as a preset initial value;
and carrying out beam forming on each sub-cell to obtain the directional six-cell structure.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the determination unit is specifically configured to:
when the load state comprises a light load state and an overload state, periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate of the physical resource block of the directional cell;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be smaller than a set first threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set second threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state;
or, when the load state includes a light load state and an overload state, periodically detecting the number of users accessing the directional cell;
when the number of the access users is determined to be smaller than a set third threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
when the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set fourth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state;
or when the load state comprises a light load state and an overload state, periodically detecting the PRB utilization rate and the number of access users of the directional cell;
determining that the PRB utilization rate is smaller than a set fifth threshold value, and when the number of the access users is smaller than a set sixth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is a light load state;
and when the PRB utilization rate is determined to be larger than a set seventh threshold value and the number of the access users is determined to be larger than a set eighth threshold value, determining that the load state of the directional cell is an overload state.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the second determining unit, when offsetting the azimuth angles of each pair of split sub-cells to opposite directions by a set angle respectively, and setting the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells to a preset initial value, is specifically configured to:
by adjusting the amplitude and the phase of each antenna corresponding to each sub-cell, the azimuth angle of each split pair of sub-cells is respectively biased to opposite directions for setting angles, and the beam width corresponding to each pair of sub-cells is set to be a preset initial value.
7. A computing device comprising at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 3.
8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program executable by a computing device, the program, when run on the computing device, causing the computing device to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 3.
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| CN109982335B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 中国移动通信集团山东有限公司 | TDD-LTE cell coverage extension method and device |
| CN111225392B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2023-12-15 | 中国移动通信集团辽宁有限公司 | Cell load balancing method, device, equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN111698012B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-08-27 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Beam utilization rate optimization method and device |
| WO2021000209A1 (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-07 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Methods and devices for wireless communication |
| CN115474249A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-13 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Cell adjustment method, related device and related equipment |
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