CN106330620A - SBC rerouting based electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method - Google Patents
SBC rerouting based electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106330620A CN106330620A CN201610865826.3A CN201610865826A CN106330620A CN 106330620 A CN106330620 A CN 106330620A CN 201610865826 A CN201610865826 A CN 201610865826A CN 106330620 A CN106330620 A CN 106330620A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sbc
- media stream
- route
- electric power
- forwarding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/12—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
- H04L47/122—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by diverting traffic away from congested entities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/22—Alternate routing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/24—Multipath
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses an SBC rerouting based electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method which relates to the technical field of information communication. Under the premise of monitoring the network performance and through the SBC rerouting function, it is possible to avoid the congestion nodes which may appear in the media flow communication, therefore, guaranteeing voice quality and improving the user's use experience. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing equipment and constructing an electric power IMS network quality measuring environment; 2) finding the inter-provincial session about to be connected from a measuring device through the analysis and decoding of forwarded message and measuring the networking performance of the peer SBC, followed by the upward reporting of the measured results and media flow resource request to a control center; 3) calculating by the control center the optimal route between the source and the destination of an SBC and generating a media flow distribution table that is issued for SBC updating included in the optimal route; and 4) according to the modified media flow distribution table, conducting media flow rerouting or direct forwarding by the SBC. The method of the invention is suitable for address mapping, data packet packaging/releasing, and media flow forwarding of an electric power IMS network through an SBC.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of information communication, a kind of electric power IMS network voice matter based on SBC heavy-route
Amount optimization method.
Background technology
Electric power IMS network is the overlay network of carrying electric power voice service.In an ip voice session, control stream and matchmaker
Body stream sets up different transmission channels respectively, and setting up of Streaming Media passage does not consider that Internet resources are wanted by voice conversation
Asking, therefore the congested meeting of network causes the decline of voice conversation quality, affects Quality of experience (the QoE:Quality of of user
Experience).
In prior art, in terminal aspect, main by RTCP packet parsing being found in network channel on sip terminal
The performance degradation occurred, and ensure IP voice call quality by reducing the means such as transmission rate.This speech quality optimization side
Method excessively relies on call terminal, and when network occurs congested, the mode of reduction of speed can not converse the QoS to network completely will
Ask.At network level, electric power IMS network mainly ensures IP voice service and other business by the independent voice VPN of division
Security isolation, VPN does not distribute special Internet resources.Setting up audio call Streaming Media passage end to end
Time, use Real-time Transport Protocol to set up session-orient E-Service equipment (the SBC:Session Border of local terminal → inside the province
Controller) " stagewise " media channel of → other provinces SBC → other provinces terminal.Owing to lacking corresponding Internet resources monitoring hands
Section, the congested of network can affect speech quality, even causes call to continue, the increase of customer complaint time serious.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art to provide a kind of based on SBC heavy-route
Electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method, channel quality is monitored by the active and passive detection device affixed one's name to by SBC sidepiece,
And together with flow media session, the demand of bandwidth resources is reported centralized-control center；Control centre calculates between source, purpose SBC
Optimum route and generate corresponding forwarding media stream table and be issued in the SBC being correlated with；Relevant SBC enters according to forwarding media stream table
The heavy-route of row Media Stream or direct-connected forwarding.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical solutions:
A kind of based on SBC heavy-route the electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method proposed according to the present invention, including following step
Rapid:
I, deployment facility, build the measurement environment of electric power IMS net network quality；Described equipment includes being deployed in the master of SBC side, quilt
The dynamic electric integrated data communication network merging measurement apparatus, control centre's server and connecting them；
II, active and passive fusion measurement apparatus will set up session between the province of connection by packet parsing discovery, and measure opposite end
The network path performance of SBC, then reports control centre by network path performance measurements together with media stream resources request
Server；
III, control centre's server calculate the optimum route between source, purpose SBC and generate corresponding forwarding media stream table, will
The SBC that forwarding media stream table is issued in optimum route comprise is updated；Specific as follows:
1), control centre's server accepts to ask and network path performance measurements from the media stream resources of each SBC；
2), control centre services the weights that network path performance measurements is converted into limit, and these weights is marked at network
On topologically corresponding limit；
3), using media stream resources request as constraints, use multiple constraint optimization algorithm solve session source, purpose SBC it
Between optimum route；Optimum route includes source SBC, multiple transfer SBC and purpose SBC；
4) the optimum route, step 3) solved is converted into the forwarding media stream table for SBC all in path；
Wherein, the forwarding media stream tableau format of SBC includes into IP, inbound port, goes out IP and go out port；
5), the forwarding media stream table that step 4) generates is issued to SBC included in optimum route；
6), SBC update oneself forward table according to the forwarding media stream table that issues, specific as follows: to search the forwarding media stream of SBC
Table, if comprising in SBC to enter IP and inbound port to the list item as keyword, then the forwarding media stream table renewal list item that basis issues
In go out IP and go out port, otherwise newly-increased forward table entry in former forwarding media stream table；
IV, SBC carry out the heavy-route of Media Stream or direct-connected forwarding according to forwarding media stream table.
Further as a kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route of the present invention
Prioritization scheme, between the province that will set up connection in described step II, session refers to occur to save the voice between sip terminal in difference
Session, and the SBC of session setup side has been received by 200 response messages from target side, session will be set up.
Further as a kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route of the present invention
Prioritization scheme, the network path performance measurements in described step II includes that session setup side SBC is to session termination side SBC's
End-to-end time delay and available bandwidth, this result is by being deployed in active and passive fusion measurement apparatus other for session setup side SBC by main
Dynamic measurement obtains.
Further as a kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route of the present invention
Prioritization scheme, the request of described media stream resources refers to set up between the province of connection session both sides by SDP message negotiation and
The medium type determined eventually and media formats.
Further as a kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route of the present invention
Prioritization scheme, described medium type is Voice & Video.
Further as a kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route of the present invention
Prioritization scheme, in described step IV, described heavy-route refers in optimum route in addition to source, purpose SBC on all transfer SBC
Perform forwarding capability, this SBC is not in same region with target sip terminal, by heavy-route realize source, purpose SBC it
Between Media Stream transfer.
Further as a kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route of the present invention
Prioritization scheme, the direct-connected forwarding in described step IV refers to the Media Stream intercommunication of purpose SBC and target sip terminal.
The present invention uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
(1) the electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route that the present invention provides, is entering network performance
On the premise of row monitors, avoided the congested node being likely to occur in media stream communications by the heavy-route function of SBC, it is ensured that speech
Quality, improves user QoE；
(2) present invention can apply to be carried out the electric power IMS of address mapping, packet encapsulation/deblocking, forwarding media stream by SBC
Network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the enforcement block diagram of optimization method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention calculates optimum route and updates the flow chart of SBC forwarding media stream table；
Fig. 3 is test network topological diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings technical scheme is described in further detail:
Shown in Fig. 1: the present invention provides a kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route, described
Method comprises the steps:
1, the measurement environment of electric power IMS net network quality is built: the newly-increased fusion measurement apparatus being deployed in SBC side and concentration are disposed
Control centre.Merge measurement apparatus to be deployed under same LAN switch, by modes such as Port Mirroring/light splitting with SBC
Obtain all service traffics of entry/exit this locality SBC, carry out resolving acquisition necessity to service message by deep message detection etc.
Information.Merge measurement apparatus and can actively send the standard agreement messages such as ping, ftp to network link performance (when coming and going simultaneously
Prolong, available bandwidth) measure.Control centre's Unified Set is disposed, is responsible for collecting correlated performance data, calculate optimum route also
Issue.After environment is disposed, measure whether its function meets requirement, including: the interconnecting property between newly added equipment, measurement dress
Whether put can intactly flow to in/out SBC be acquired analyzing, whether measurement apparatus can be to specified path Progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia
Energy measurement etc.；
2, measure media stream path performance to be set up and report: first measurement apparatus finds to occur to save in difference by packet parsing
Voice conversation between sip terminal, the SBC of these session setup sides has been received by 200 response messages from target side, and session is i.e.
To set up；Simultaneously find to set up between the province of connection in session both sides also by packet parsing by SDP message negotiation and
The information such as the medium type (audio frequency, video) determined eventually and media formats.Secondly for session between the province of connection will be set up, logical
Cross the connectedness between the method measurement SBC actively sending measured message and network performance.Dispose with SBC owing to merging measurement apparatus
In same LAN environment, so approximating the network performance between SBC by the measurement result between measurement apparatus in Fa Ming.
Merge measurement apparatus and on-demand or fixed time interval can start measuring task, it is contemplated that long calling should not be introduced even
Connect time delay, the measurement result of the last measuring task therefore can be used as current measurement value.Finally by measurement result together with
Media stream resources request reports control centre
3, control centre calculates optimum route and issues forwarding media stream table: as in figure 2 it is shown, control centre accepts from each SBC
Media stream resources request and network path performance measurements；Control centre generates up-to-date net according to the connectedness between SBC
Network topological diagram, weights measurement result being converted into (including time delay, available bandwidth) limit are marked on the limit that network topology is corresponding；
Using media stream resources request as constraints, multiple constraint optimization algorithm is used to solve between special session source, purpose SBC
Optimum route；Optimum route is converted into the form for SBC all in path for (enter IP, inbound port, go out IP, go out port) matchmaker
Body stream forwarding list；The forwarding media stream table of generation is issued to all SBC that optimum route includes；SBC is according to the matchmaker issued
Body stream forwarding list updates the forward table of oneself, including: mate with (entering IP, inbound port) for keyword.As identical, the most more
Newly；Otherwise increase corresponding forward table entry newly.With the network topology shown in Fig. 3, step 3 is described in detail below.
In figure, terminal SIP2 that terminal SIP1 being connected on SBC1 will and be connected on SBC2 sets up session between saving,
According to the conventional method, route SBC1 → SBC2 that call establishment determines also can as the main road of subsequent media session by.
But being found by measurement, owing to the network bandwidth is taken by other business, the available bandwidth (1Mb/s) in this path is less, time delay
Longer (100ms).The measurement result that each SBC reports is marked in Fig. 3 on the limit of correspondence.Owing between terminal SIP1 and SIP2 being
Being HD video session by the session of foundation, the demand to bandwidth is 2Mb/s, according to this constraints, topology is carried out beta pruning,
Delete the limit (in Fig. 3, SBC1 SBC2 in limit is deleted) being unsatisfactory for requiring.Topological diagram after cutting is asked with time delay for parameter
Solving, obtaining the optimum route between source, purpose SBC is SBC1 → SBC3 → SBC2.The following institute of one-way media stream forwarding list generated
Show:
SBC1:(SIP1IP address, SIP1 Media Stream logic port, SBC3IP address, go out Media Stream logic port)；
SBC3:(SBC1IP address, enter Media Stream logic port, SBC2IP address, go out Media Stream logic port)；
SBC2:(SBC3IP address, enter Media Stream logic port, SIP2IP address, SIP2 Media Stream logic port).
The forwarding media stream table generated is issued to SBC1, SBC3 and SBC2 up.SBC1 need revise original
Forward table, in whereabouts, down hop is revised as SBC3 by SBC2；SBC3 increases corresponding forward table list item；The upper amendment of SBC2
Corresponding performance is bound the content from SBC3 designated port with original direct-connected forwarding.
4, SBC carries out the heavy-route of Media Stream or direct-connected forwarding: heavy-route refers in optimum route except source, purpose SBC
Outside the forwarding capability that performs on all transfer SBC, this SBC is not in same region with target sip terminal, passes through heavy-route
Realize the Media Stream transfer between source, purpose SBC.The forwarding capability performed on the SBC of direct-connected forwarding feeling the pulse with the finger-tip, by direct-connected forwarding
Realize the Media Stream intercommunication with target sip terminal.
Obviously, embodiments described above is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained under not making creative work premise all its
Its embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. an electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
I, deployment facility, build the measurement environment of electric power IMS net network quality；Described equipment includes being deployed in the master of SBC side, quilt
The dynamic electric integrated data communication network merging measurement apparatus, control centre's server and connecting them；
II, active and passive fusion measurement apparatus will set up session between the province of connection by packet parsing discovery, and measure opposite end
The network path performance of SBC, then reports control centre by network path performance measurements together with media stream resources request
Server；
III, control centre's server calculate the optimum route between source, purpose SBC and generate corresponding forwarding media stream table, will
The SBC that forwarding media stream table is issued in optimum route comprise is updated；Specific as follows:
1), control centre's server accepts to ask and network path performance measurements from the media stream resources of each SBC；
2), control centre services the weights that network path performance measurements is converted into limit, and these weights is marked at network
On topologically corresponding limit；
3), using media stream resources request as constraints, use multiple constraint optimization algorithm solve session source, purpose SBC it
Between optimum route；Optimum route includes source SBC, multiple transfer SBC and purpose SBC；
4) the optimum route, step 3) solved is converted into the forwarding media stream table for SBC all in path；
Wherein, the forwarding media stream tableau format of SBC includes into IP, inbound port, goes out IP and go out port；
5), the forwarding media stream table that step 4) generates is issued to SBC included in optimum route；
6), SBC update oneself forward table according to the forwarding media stream table that issues, specific as follows: to search the forwarding media stream of SBC
Table, if comprising in SBC to enter IP and inbound port to the list item as keyword, then the forwarding media stream table renewal list item that basis issues
In go out IP and go out port, otherwise newly-increased forward table entry in former forwarding media stream table；
IV, SBC carry out the heavy-route of Media Stream or direct-connected forwarding according to forwarding media stream table.
A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, between the province that will set up connection in described step II, session refers to occur to save the voice meeting between sip terminal in difference
Talking about, and the SBC of session setup side has been received by 200 response messages from target side, session will be set up.
A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the network path performance measurements in described step II includes the end of session setup side SBC to session termination side SBC
To terminal delay time and available bandwidth, this result is by being deployed in active and passive fusion measurement apparatus other for session setup side SBC by actively
Measure and obtain.
A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the request of described media stream resources refers to set up between the province of connection session both sides by SDP message negotiation final
The medium type determined and media formats.
A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route the most according to claim 4, it is special
Levying and be, described medium type is Voice & Video.
A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, in described step IV, described heavy-route refers to hold on all transfer SBC in addition to source, purpose SBC in optimum route
The forwarding capability of row, this SBC is not in same region with target sip terminal, is realized between source, purpose SBC by heavy-route
Media Stream transfer.
A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the direct-connected forwarding in described step IV refers to the Media Stream intercommunication of purpose SBC and target sip terminal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610865826.3A CN106330620B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610865826.3A CN106330620B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106330620A true CN106330620A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106330620B CN106330620B (en) | 2019-05-31 |
Family
ID=57821017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610865826.3A Active CN106330620B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A kind of electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method based on SBC heavy-route |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106330620B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107612894A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-01-19 | 北京佰才邦技术有限公司 | A kind of processing method of speech business, system and device |
| CN112583654A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-03-30 | Naver商务平台株式会社 | Global cloud network quality determination method and system |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101043377A (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2007-09-26 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | Method of managing real-time services |
| US20080219241A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-11 | Nokia Corporation | Subscriber access authorization |
| CN105916115A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-08-31 | 南京邮电大学 | Method for implementing roaming restriction to VoWiFi (Vocie Over WiFi) voice service |
| US20160261689A1 (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2016-09-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Controlling Registration Floods In VOIP Networks Via DNS |
-
2016
- 2016-09-29 CN CN201610865826.3A patent/CN106330620B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101043377A (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2007-09-26 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | Method of managing real-time services |
| US20080219241A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-11 | Nokia Corporation | Subscriber access authorization |
| US20160261689A1 (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2016-09-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Controlling Registration Floods In VOIP Networks Via DNS |
| CN105916115A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-08-31 | 南京邮电大学 | Method for implementing roaming restriction to VoWiFi (Vocie Over WiFi) voice service |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘世栋，李炳林，王瑶: "智能电力IMS网络架构及实现技术研究", 《电力信息与通信技术》 * |
| 李晓静,冯小芳，李炳林: "电力系统IMS业务网络承载方案", 《电信工程技术与标准化》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107612894A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-01-19 | 北京佰才邦技术有限公司 | A kind of processing method of speech business, system and device |
| CN112583654A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-03-30 | Naver商务平台株式会社 | Global cloud network quality determination method and system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106330620B (en) | 2019-05-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8705361B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for traffic management in a wireless network | |
| US9036474B2 (en) | Communication available transport network bandwidth to L2 ethernet nodes | |
| CN101729430B (en) | Dynamic resource allocation system and allocation method used for supporting end-to-end time delay warranty | |
| EP2022201B1 (en) | Media segment monitoring | |
| TWI504198B (en) | Method and equipment for establishing a connection through a virtual private network | |
| WO2020052306A1 (en) | Method, device and system for determining message forwarding path | |
| WO2012065531A1 (en) | Method, device, and system for implementing relay selection | |
| WO2013040970A1 (en) | Relay node selecting method and device | |
| TW201709757A (en) | Cell and method and system for bandwidth management of backhaul network of cell | |
| CN108990115A (en) | A method of in trunked communication system multi-core network group guaranteed qos off the net | |
| US10187926B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for setting up active networking of smart devices for providing converged service | |
| CN106330620A (en) | SBC rerouting based electric power IMS network voice quality optimization method | |
| WO2009103192A1 (en) | A resource allocation method and a resource release method | |
| CN101720110A (en) | NGN home network resource admission control method and system | |
| CN113766537A (en) | Satellite network resource adaptation method and system for user customization | |
| Yao et al. | A computing-aware routing protocol for Computing Force Network | |
| Mayor et al. | Unified call admission control in corporate domains | |
| CN110089146A (en) | Device shaping in communication network | |
| Ng et al. | Effectiveness of adaptive codec switching VoIP application over heterogeneous networks | |
| CN114710975A (en) | Multi-domain transport multi-transport network context identification | |
| Kalaiarasi et al. | Improving the Quality and performance of wireless Ad-hoc network by Using MMCN Architecture | |
| WO2009023999A1 (en) | A method for establishing inter-domain end-to-end path | |
| CN101237448B (en) | Selection method for policy decision function entity in resource receiving control system | |
| WO2009024000A1 (en) | Cross-domain end-to-end path establishment method | |
| JP5506703B2 (en) | Communication system and mobility anchor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: No. 66, New Model Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Applicant after: Nanjing Post & Telecommunication Univ. Address before: No. 9-6 Guangyue Road, Qixia Street, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Applicant before: Nanjing Post & Telecommunication Univ. |
|
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |