CN106324793A - Small diameter reflector supporting structure - Google Patents

Small diameter reflector supporting structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106324793A
CN106324793A CN201610864007.7A CN201610864007A CN106324793A CN 106324793 A CN106324793 A CN 106324793A CN 201610864007 A CN201610864007 A CN 201610864007A CN 106324793 A CN106324793 A CN 106324793A
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reflector
mandrel
small
ring
belt
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CN106324793B (en
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王槐
陈宝刚
赵金宇
赵勇志
代霜
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/18Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
    • G02B7/182Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
    • G02B7/198Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors with means for adjusting the mirror relative to its support

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种小口径反射镜支撑结构,属于支撑结构技术领域。解决了现有技术中胶粘类反射镜支撑结构粘接强度不均匀、对温度变化敏感等问题。该支撑结构包括芯轴、背板、压紧机构、压板、硅胶垫和垫环,其中,芯轴的外壁前端设有剖面为圆弧形的环带,反射镜能够绕其进行二维摆动、轴向移动以及切向旋转,压板固定在芯轴前端面的凹槽内,硅胶垫固定在压板的后表面并压紧在反射镜的前环带上,垫环套装在芯轴外,前后表面分别设有与反射镜后环带和背板前表面接触的前后凸台,压紧机构将垫环和背板压紧在芯轴的轴肩上。该支撑结构能够保证反射镜精确定位,且在不同温度、不同俯仰角度下的面形不受影响,运输工况下能够耐受轻微的冲击振动。

The invention relates to a support structure for a small-diameter reflector, which belongs to the technical field of support structures. The invention solves the problems of non-uniform bonding strength, sensitivity to temperature changes, and the like in the prior art of the adhesive reflector support structure. The supporting structure includes a mandrel, a back plate, a pressing mechanism, a pressing plate, a silicone pad and a backing ring, wherein the front end of the outer wall of the mandrel is provided with an arc-shaped ring, and the reflector can swing two-dimensionally around it. Axial movement and tangential rotation, the pressure plate is fixed in the groove on the front face of the mandrel, the silicone pad is fixed on the rear surface of the pressure plate and pressed on the front ring belt of the reflector, the backing ring is set outside the mandrel, and the front and rear surfaces There are respectively provided front and rear bosses which are in contact with the rear ring belt of the reflector and the front surface of the back plate, and the pressing mechanism presses the backing ring and the back plate onto the shaft shoulder of the mandrel. The support structure can ensure the precise positioning of the reflector, and the surface shape will not be affected under different temperatures and different pitch angles, and it can withstand slight shock and vibration under transportation conditions.

Description

一种小口径反射镜支撑结构A Supporting Structure for Small Aperture Reflector

技术领域technical field

本发明属于支撑结构技术领域,具体涉及一种小口径(300mm以下)反射镜支撑结构,尤其适用于支撑小口径弯月形轻量化反射镜。The invention belongs to the technical field of support structures, and in particular relates to a support structure for small-diameter (below 300mm) reflectors, especially suitable for supporting small-diameter meniscus-shaped lightweight reflectors.

背景技术Background technique

随着人类空间活动的加剧,地球轨道空间分布了大量的空间目标(空间目标主要指卫星,包括工作的卫星和不工作的卫星,同时也包括空间碎片,如进入空间轨道的助推火箭、保护罩和其他物体,还包括进入地球外层空间的各种宇宙飞行物,如彗星和小行星),这些空间目标严重影响了人类的空间活动。因此,我们需要清楚空间目标的数量、分布、轨道、状态等,以满足空间预警、信息对抗等需要。这些探测与识别空间目标、获取信息的行为活动,就是空间态势感知。现有技术中,空间目标探测与识别数据来源主要通过光电设备和无线电设备。其中,光学设备因波段短且利用目标的反射或辐射信息进行探测,具有成像分辨率高、灵敏度高、探测距离远的特点,在支撑空间态势感知中发挥了重要作用。With the intensification of human space activities, a large number of space targets are distributed in the earth orbit space (space targets mainly refer to satellites, including working satellites and non-working satellites, and also include space debris, such as booster rockets entering space orbit, protection hoods and other objects, as well as various space objects entering the outer space of the earth, such as comets and asteroids), these space objects have seriously affected human space activities. Therefore, we need to know the number, distribution, orbit, and status of space targets to meet the needs of space early warning and information countermeasures. These behaviors of detecting and identifying space targets and obtaining information are space situational awareness. In the prior art, the data sources of space target detection and recognition are mainly through optoelectronic equipment and radio equipment. Among them, optical equipment has the characteristics of high imaging resolution, high sensitivity, and long detection distance due to its short wavelength band and the use of target reflection or radiation information for detection, and plays an important role in supporting space situational awareness.

用于空间目标探测的光电设备主要分为地基和天基两种。地基探测设备与天基探测设备相比,具有便于安装、调试、维护、升级改造,在同样口径下造价相对较低等优点,因此应用更为广泛。地基探测设备中,具有大口径望远镜(主口径一般为0.6m~8m)和多个小口径的镜头(口径在300mm以下),大口径望远镜结合各类终端获取数据,多个小口径镜头对不同背景下空中目标的各种特征进行监视和测量。由于大口径望远镜和多个小口径镜头在不同俯仰角度下镜面受自重变形,影响探测结果,因此需要采取支撑结构防止其镜面受自重变形。大口径望远镜多采用主动支撑结构对镜面面形进行实时矫正,如采用带有液压、气动等驱动单元。小口径镜头多以反射镜作为主镜(为减轻设备重量,在保持足够刚性的同时通常对主镜进行弯月形设计),采用被动支撑结构,常用结构如图1-3所示,包括芯轴1、背板3、第一锁紧螺母4和第二锁紧螺母5。其中,芯轴1的前端面设有法兰11,外壁上从前至后依次设有第一环带12、第二环带13和第三环带14,第一环带12上设有粘接环带121和多个导胶槽122,导胶槽122圆周均布,且沿轴向设置贯穿第一环带12,胶液从导胶槽122流入粘接环带121内,反射镜2的通孔内壁通过胶液粘接固定在第一环带12上,背板3套装在第二环带13外,反射镜2的后环带与背板3的前表面接触,第三环带13上设有外螺纹,第一锁紧螺母4和第二锁紧螺母5旋紧在第三环带14上,将背板2压紧在轴肩15上。第一环带12的尺寸A比反射镜2的尺寸B长0.3mm,当第一锁紧螺母4和第二锁紧螺母5压紧背板3时,反射镜2仍可绕芯轴1旋转,防止芯轴1前端起保护作用的法兰11对反射镜2的镜面施加压力,进而影响面形精度。该支撑结构虽然能起到支撑反射镜的作用,但是依然存在以下缺点:一是由于芯轴1与反射镜2通孔内壁配合间隙很小(一般为几十微米),因此很容易存在粘接强度不均匀的问题,二是由于胶液存在流动性,因此往往造成反射镜2的后表面与背板3之间粘胶,在反射镜支撑结构随温度变化时,会对镜面面形产生不利的影响;三是由于采用胶液固定,一旦失败需要很长的时间脱胶及重新粘胶,费时费力。Optoelectronic equipment used for space target detection is mainly divided into two types: ground-based and space-based. Compared with space-based detection equipment, ground-based detection equipment has the advantages of easy installation, commissioning, maintenance, upgrading and transformation, and relatively low cost under the same caliber, so it is more widely used. In the ground-based detection equipment, there are large-aperture telescopes (main aperture is generally 0.6m ~ 8m) and multiple small-aperture lenses (aperture below 300mm), and the large-aperture telescopes are combined with various terminals to obtain data. Various characteristics of air targets in the background are monitored and measured. Since the mirror surface of a large-aperture telescope and multiple small-aperture lenses is deformed by its own weight at different pitch angles, which affects the detection results, it is necessary to adopt a supporting structure to prevent its mirror surface from being deformed by its own weight. Large-aperture telescopes often use active support structures to correct the mirror surface shape in real time, such as hydraulic and pneumatic drive units. Small-aperture lenses mostly use reflectors as the main mirror (in order to reduce the weight of the equipment, the main mirror is usually designed with a meniscus shape while maintaining sufficient rigidity), and adopt a passive support structure. The common structure is shown in Figure 1-3, including the core Shaft 1 , back plate 3 , first lock nut 4 and second lock nut 5 . Wherein, the front end face of the mandrel 1 is provided with a flange 11, and the outer wall is provided with a first annular belt 12, a second annular belt 13 and a third annular belt 14 sequentially from front to back, and the first annular belt 12 is provided with an adhesive joint. An annular belt 121 and a plurality of glue guide grooves 122, the glue guide grooves 122 are evenly distributed on the circumference, and are arranged to run through the first annular belt 12 in the axial direction, the glue flows into the bonding annular belt 121 from the glue guide grooves 122, and the reflector 2 The inner wall of the through hole is bonded and fixed on the first annular belt 12 by glue, the back plate 3 is set outside the second annular belt 13, the rear annular belt of the reflector 2 is in contact with the front surface of the back plate 3, and the third annular belt 13 There are external threads on the top, and the first lock nut 4 and the second lock nut 5 are screwed on the third ring belt 14 to press the back plate 2 on the shaft shoulder 15 . The dimension A of the first ring belt 12 is 0.3mm longer than the dimension B of the reflector 2, when the first lock nut 4 and the second lock nut 5 press the back plate 3, the reflector 2 can still rotate around the mandrel 1 , to prevent the front end of the mandrel 1 from protecting the flange 11 from exerting pressure on the mirror surface of the reflector 2, thereby affecting the surface shape accuracy. Although this support structure can play the role of supporting the reflector, it still has the following disadvantages: one is that the gap between the mandrel 1 and the inner wall of the through hole of the reflector 2 is very small (generally tens of microns), so it is easy to have bonding The problem of uneven strength, the second is that due to the fluidity of the glue, it often causes glue between the rear surface of the reflector 2 and the back plate 3, and when the support structure of the reflector changes with temperature, it will be unfavorable to the shape of the mirror surface The third is that due to the use of glue to fix, once it fails, it will take a long time to degumming and re-gluing, which is time-consuming and laborious.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于解决现有技术中反射镜支撑结构存在的胶粘接强度不均匀、对温度变化敏感、操作繁琐等技术问题,提供一种小口径反射镜支撑结构。The purpose of the present invention is to solve technical problems such as uneven adhesive strength, sensitivity to temperature changes, cumbersome operation and the like existing in the support structure of the reflector in the prior art, and to provide a support structure of the reflector with a small diameter.

本发明解决上述技术问题采用的技术方案如下。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows.

小口径反射镜支撑结构,包括芯轴、背板和压紧机构;Small-aperture mirror support structure, including mandrel, back plate and pressing mechanism;

所述芯轴的外壁上从前至后依次设有外径依次减小的第一环带、第二环带和第三环带,反射镜套装在第一环带外,背板套装在第二环带外,压紧机构设置在第三环带上;The outer wall of the mandrel is provided with a first annular zone, a second annular zone and a third annular zone with successively decreasing outer diameters from front to back, the reflector is set outside the first annular zone, and the back plate is set on the second annular zone. Outside the ring belt, the pressing mechanism is set on the third ring belt;

还包括,压板、硅胶垫和垫环;Also includes, pressure plate, silicone pad and grommet;

所述芯轴前端面的边缘圆周均布的设有多个凹槽,第一环带的外壁前端设有与反射镜的通孔内壁接触的剖面为圆弧形的环带;The edge circumference of the front end surface of the mandrel is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves, and the front end of the outer wall of the first ring is provided with an arc-shaped ring with a section in contact with the inner wall of the through hole of the reflector;

所述压板为多个,每个压板固定在一个凹槽内;There are multiple pressing plates, and each pressing plate is fixed in a groove;

所述硅胶垫为多个,每个硅胶垫固定在一个压板的后表面并压紧在反射镜的前环带上;There are a plurality of silica gel pads, and each silica gel pad is fixed on the rear surface of a pressure plate and pressed against the front ring belt of the reflector;

所述垫环的前表面圆周均布的设有多个与反射镜后环带接触的前凸台,任意相邻的两个前凸台之间设有与前凸台相连且等高的凸弧带,凸弧带与轴肩接触,且凸弧带的外圆直径小于轴肩的外圆直径;The front surface of the backing ring is evenly distributed on the circumference and is provided with a plurality of front bosses that are in contact with the rear ring belt of the reflector, and any adjacent two front bosses are provided with a boss that is connected with the front bosses and has the same height. The arc belt, the convex arc belt is in contact with the shaft shoulder, and the outer diameter of the convex arc belt is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft shoulder;

垫环的后表面圆周均布的设有多个与背板前表面接触的后凸台;The rear surface of the backing ring is uniformly distributed on the circumference and provided with a plurality of rear bosses in contact with the front surface of the back plate;

多个前凸台、多个后凸台与多个压板在芯轴的周向上对应;A plurality of front bosses, a plurality of rear bosses and a plurality of pressure plates correspond to the circumferential direction of the mandrel;

所述压紧机构将垫环和背板压紧在轴肩上。The pressing mechanism presses the backing ring and the back plate against the shaft shoulder.

进一步的,所述凹槽底部设有多个螺纹孔,压板通过螺钉固定在凹槽内。Further, a plurality of threaded holes are provided at the bottom of the groove, and the pressure plate is fixed in the groove by screws.

进一步的,所述凹槽为三个,每个凹槽底部设有两个螺纹孔。Further, there are three grooves, and two threaded holes are provided at the bottom of each groove.

进一步的,所述反射镜的前环带为台阶形,且设置在反射镜的通孔前端,所述反射镜的后环带设置在反射镜的后表面。Further, the front annular zone of the reflector is stepped and arranged at the front end of the through hole of the reflector, and the rear annular zone of the reflector is arranged on the rear surface of the reflector.

进一步的,所述压板的外边缘为圆弧形且外边缘直径小于反射镜前环带的外圆直径。Further, the outer edge of the pressure plate is arc-shaped and the diameter of the outer edge is smaller than the outer diameter of the front ring of the reflector.

进一步的,所述压板的后表面设有台阶,硅胶垫固定在台阶内。Further, a step is provided on the rear surface of the pressing plate, and the silicone pad is fixed in the step.

进一步的,所述前凸台对应的圆心角为30°。Further, the central angle corresponding to the front boss is 30°.

进一步的,所述第三环带的外壁上设有外螺纹,压紧机构由第一锁紧螺母和第二锁紧螺母组成,第一锁紧螺母和第二锁紧螺母从前至后依次旋紧在第三环带上。Further, the outer wall of the third ring is provided with external threads, and the pressing mechanism is composed of a first lock nut and a second lock nut, and the first lock nut and the second lock nut are screwed sequentially from front to back. Tight on the third ring belt.

进一步的,所述芯轴、压板和垫环的材料均采用热膨胀系数为0.07E﹣6/℃的4J32殷钢。Further, the materials of the mandrel, the pressure plate and the backing ring are all made of 4J32 Invar with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.07E-6/°C.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的芯轴上设有的高精度的剖面为圆弧形的环带,能够保证反射镜绕其进行二维摆动、轴向移动以及切向旋转;压紧机构通过压紧力将背板和垫环压紧在轴肩上,压紧力不会传递到反射镜,通过调节轴向尺寸间隙使硅胶垫产生预变形,反射镜前面的压板与反射镜后面的垫环上的前后凸台共同施加压紧力和静摩擦力,约束反射镜的二维摆动、轴向移动以及切向旋转,最终通过限制反射镜的六个自由度,实现对反射镜的精确定位,保证反射镜在不同俯仰角度下的面形不受影响,以及在运输工况下能够耐受轻微的冲击振动;The mandrel of the supporting structure of the small-diameter reflector of the present invention is provided with a high-precision circular arc-shaped annular band, which can ensure that the reflector performs two-dimensional swing, axial movement and tangential rotation around it; the pressing mechanism The back plate and backing ring are pressed against the shaft shoulder by the pressing force, and the pressing force will not be transmitted to the reflector. By adjusting the gap in the axial dimension, the silicone pad is pre-deformed. The pressing plate in front of the reflector and the back of the reflector The front and rear bosses on the backing ring jointly apply the pressing force and static friction force to constrain the two-dimensional swing, axial movement and tangential rotation of the reflector, and finally realize the precise positioning of the reflector by limiting the six degrees of freedom of the reflector , to ensure that the surface shape of the mirror is not affected at different pitch angles, and can withstand slight shock vibration under transportation conditions;

本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构,芯轴、压板和垫环采用与反射镜热膨胀系数相近的4J32殷钢材料,降低支撑结构对温度的敏感性,保证支撑结构能够在较宽的温度变化范围内使用;The support structure of the small-diameter reflector of the present invention, the mandrel, the pressure plate and the backing ring are made of 4J32 Invar material with a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the reflector, which reduces the sensitivity of the support structure to temperature and ensures that the support structure can be used in a wide range of temperature changes. use within;

本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构适用于各类反射镜的安装,尤其适用于小口径(300mm以下)弯月形轻量化反射镜的安装。The supporting structure of the small-diameter reflector of the present invention is suitable for the installation of various reflectors, especially suitable for the installation of small-diameter (below 300mm) meniscus light-weight reflectors.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为现有技术中小口径反射镜支撑结构的装配图;Fig. 1 is the assembly diagram of the supporting structure of small and medium-diameter mirrors in the prior art;

图2为现有技术中小口径反射镜支撑结构的芯轴的半剖主视图;Fig. 2 is the half-section front view of the mandrel of the support structure of the small-diameter reflector in the prior art;

图3为现有技术中小口径反射镜支撑结构的芯轴的左视图;Fig. 3 is the left side view of the mandrel of the support structure of the small-diameter reflector in the prior art;

图4为本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的装配图;Fig. 4 is the assembly diagram of the small-aperture reflector support structure of the present invention;

图5为本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的芯轴的半剖主视图;Fig. 5 is a half-section front view of the mandrel of the small-aperture reflector support structure of the present invention;

图6为本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的芯轴的左视图;Fig. 6 is the left side view of the mandrel of the small-aperture reflector support structure of the present invention;

图7为本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的垫环的主视图;Fig. 7 is the front view of the backing ring of the small-aperture reflector support structure of the present invention;

图8为图7的A-A剖切图;Fig. 8 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 7;

图9为本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的垫环的后视图;Fig. 9 is the rear view of the backing ring of the small-aperture reflector support structure of the present invention;

图10为本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的芯轴、压板及垫环装配结构的左视图(不含反射镜);Fig. 10 is a left view of the assembly structure of the mandrel, pressure plate and backing ring of the small-aperture reflector support structure of the present invention (without the reflector);

图11为本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构的芯轴、压板及垫环装配结构的左视图(含反射镜);Fig. 11 is a left side view (including the mirror) of the assembly structure of the mandrel, the pressure plate and the backing ring of the small-aperture mirror supporting structure of the present invention;

图中:1、芯轴,11、法兰,12、第一环带,121、粘接环带,122、导胶槽,123、凹槽,1231、螺纹孔,124、剖面为圆弧形的环带,13、第二环带,14、第三环带,15、轴肩,2、反射镜,3、背板,4、第一锁紧螺母,5、第二锁紧螺母,6、压板,7、硅胶垫,8、垫环,81、前凸台,82、凸弧带,83、后凸台。Among the figure: 1, mandrel, 11, flange, 12, first ring belt, 121, bonding ring belt, 122, glue guiding groove, 123, groove, 1231, threaded hole, 124, the section is arc-shaped The ring belt, 13, the second ring belt, 14, the third ring belt, 15, the shoulder, 2, the reflector, 3, the back plate, 4, the first lock nut, 5, the second lock nut, 6 , pressing plate, 7, silica gel pad, 8, backing ring, 81, front boss, 82, convex arc belt, 83, rear boss.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步说明。Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图4所示(图中省略对称结构),本发明的小口径反射镜支撑结构,包括芯轴1、背板3、第一锁紧螺母4、第二锁紧螺母5、压板6、硅胶垫7和垫环8。As shown in Figure 4 (the symmetrical structure is omitted in the figure), the supporting structure of the small-aperture reflector of the present invention includes a mandrel 1, a back plate 3, a first lock nut 4, a second lock nut 5, a pressure plate 6, and a silica gel Pad 7 and Pad Ring 8.

其中,如图5和图6所示,芯轴1的外壁上从前至后依次设有第一环带12、第二环带13和第三环带14,第一环带12、第二环带13和第三环带14的外径依次减小。Wherein, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the outer wall of the mandrel 1 is provided with the first endless belt 12, the second endless belt 13 and the third endless belt 14 successively from front to back, the first endless belt 12, the second annular belt The outer diameters of the belt 13 and the third endless belt 14 decrease successively.

第一环带12的长度略小于反射镜2的通孔孔长;第一环带12的前端面的边缘圆周均布的设有多个凹槽123,一般为三个,凹槽123内设有螺纹孔1231;第一环带12的外壁前端设有剖面为圆弧形的环带124,该剖面为圆弧形的环带124采用高精度设计,弧度没有特殊限制,反射镜2可以绕该剖面为圆弧形的环带124进行二维摆动、轴向移动以及切向旋转。The length of the first annular band 12 is slightly less than the length of the through hole of the reflector 2; the edge circumference of the front end face of the first annular band 12 is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves 123, generally three, and the groove 123 is provided with There are threaded holes 1231; the front end of the outer wall of the first annular band 12 is provided with a circular arc-shaped annular band 124 in section, and the arc-shaped annular band 124 adopts a high-precision design, and the radian is not particularly limited. The annular belt 124 having a circular arc section performs two-dimensional swing, axial movement and tangential rotation.

第二环带13(含退刀槽)的长度略小于背板3的通孔孔长与垫环8的厚度之和。The length of the second annular band 13 (including the undercut) is slightly shorter than the sum of the length of the through hole of the back plate 3 and the thickness of the backing ring 8 .

第三环带14(含退刀槽)的长度略大于第一锁紧螺母4和第二锁紧螺母5的厚度之和,第三环带14的外壁上设有外螺纹。The length of the third annular band 14 (including the undercut) is slightly greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the first locking nut 4 and the second locking nut 5 , and the outer wall of the third annular band 14 is provided with external threads.

反射镜2通过其通孔套装在第一环带12外。反射镜2的结构没有特殊限制,优选为弯月形反射镜。通常,反射镜2的前环带为台阶形,且设置在反射镜2的通孔前端,反射镜2的后环带设置在反射镜2的后表面,该反射镜2的前环带和后环带的结构为现有技术中反射镜环带的常用结构。The reflecting mirror 2 is sleeved outside the first annular band 12 through its through hole. The structure of the reflector 2 is not particularly limited, and is preferably a meniscus reflector. Usually, the front annular zone of reflector 2 is stepped, and is arranged on the front end of the through hole of reflector 2, and the rear annular zone of reflector 2 is arranged on the rear surface of reflector 2, and the front annular zone of this reflector 2 and the back The structure of the ring is a common structure of the mirror ring in the prior art.

背板3通过其通孔套装在第二环带13外,背板3用于连接芯轴1和镜头外壳,结构没有特殊限制,现有技术中的背板皆适用本发明。The back plate 3 is sleeved outside the second ring belt 13 through its through hole. The back plate 3 is used to connect the mandrel 1 and the lens housing. The structure is not particularly limited, and the back plate in the prior art is applicable to the present invention.

压板6的外边缘为圆弧形且外边缘直径小于反射镜2前环带的外圆直径,这样能够避免由于接触产生应力集中,影响反射镜2面形精度。压板6的后表面设有台阶。压板6的数量与凹槽123的数量相同,一个压板6通过螺钉固定在一个凹槽123内。The outer edge of the pressing plate 6 is arc-shaped and the diameter of the outer edge is smaller than the outer diameter of the front ring of the reflector 2, which can avoid stress concentration due to contact and affect the surface shape accuracy of the reflector 2. The rear surface of the pressing plate 6 is provided with a step. The number of pressing plates 6 is the same as the number of grooves 123 , and one pressing plate 6 is fixed in one groove 123 by screws.

硅胶垫7的数量与压板6的数量相同,一个硅胶垫7固定在一个压板6的台阶内,并压紧在反射镜2的前环带上。硅胶垫7的形状优选与压板6的台阶形状匹配。The quantity of the silicone pad 7 is the same as that of the pressing plate 6, and a silicone pad 7 is fixed in the step of a pressing plate 6, and is pressed on the front ring belt of the reflector 2. The shape of the silicone pad 7 preferably matches the step shape of the pressure plate 6 .

如图7-9所示,垫环8为圆环形垫片,垫环8的前表面圆周均布的设有多个与反射镜2后环带接触的前凸台81,优选前凸台81对应的圆心角为30°;任意相邻的两个前凸台81之间设有与前凸台81相连且等高的凸弧带82,凸弧带82与轴肩15接触,且凸弧带82的外圆直径小于轴肩15的外圆直径;As shown in Figures 7-9, the backing ring 8 is an annular spacer, and the front surface of the backing ring 8 is evenly distributed on the circumference and is provided with a plurality of front bosses 81 that are in contact with the rear ring belt of the reflector 2, preferably the front bosses The central angle corresponding to 81 is 30°; between any two adjacent front bosses 81, there is a convex arc belt 82 connected with the front boss 81 and of the same height, the convex arc belt 82 is in contact with the shaft shoulder 15, and the convex arc belt 82 is in contact with the shaft shoulder 15, and the The outer diameter of the arc belt 82 is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft shoulder 15;

垫环8的后表面圆周均布的设有多个与背板2前表面接触的后凸台83。A plurality of rear bosses 83 contacting the front surface of the backboard 2 are evenly distributed on the back surface of the backing ring 8 .

第一锁紧螺母4和第二锁紧螺母5组成压紧机构,第一锁紧螺母4和第二锁紧螺母5从前至后依次旋紧在第三环带14上,将垫环8和背板3压紧固定在第一环带12和第二环带13的轴肩15上。The first lock nut 4 and the second lock nut 5 form a pressing mechanism, and the first lock nut 4 and the second lock nut 5 are screwed on the third ring belt 14 sequentially from front to back, and the backing ring 8 and The backboard 3 is pressed and fixed on the shoulders 15 of the first endless belt 12 and the second endless belt 13 .

如图10-11所示,本发明中,为实现施加在反射镜2前后面的力作用点相同,多个前凸台81、多个后凸台83与多个压板6在芯轴1的周向上对应。As shown in Figures 10-11, in the present invention, in order to realize that the force acting points on the front and back sides of the reflector 2 are the same, a plurality of front bosses 81, a plurality of rear bosses 83 and a plurality of pressure plates 6 are placed on the center of the mandrel 1. corresponding to the circumferential direction.

本发明中,反射镜2采用的微晶材料热膨胀系数一般为0.1E﹣6/℃,芯轴1、压板6和垫环8的材料优选采用热膨胀系数为0.07E﹣6/℃的4J32殷钢,这样通过合理调整径向配合间隙,能够保证在较宽的温度变化范围内,支撑结构不影响反射镜2的镜面形精度。In the present invention, the thermal expansion coefficient of the microcrystalline material used in the reflector 2 is generally 0.1E-6/°C, and the material of the mandrel 1, the pressure plate 6 and the backing ring 8 is preferably 4J32 Invar with a thermal expansion coefficient of 0.07E-6/°C , so that by rationally adjusting the radial fit clearance, it can be ensured that the support structure does not affect the mirror shape accuracy of the reflector 2 within a wide temperature range.

本发明的小口径反射镜支撑装置的装配过程为:将垫环8、背板3由芯轴1后部依次与芯轴1的轴肩15装配,将第一锁紧螺母4、第二锁紧螺母5依次由芯轴1后部旋紧在第三环带14上,将垫环8、背板3压紧在轴肩15上,然后将反射镜2由芯轴1前部套入,再将固定有硅胶垫7的压板6固定在芯轴1的螺纹孔1231处,通过硅胶垫7将反射镜2压紧在垫环8前表面上。The assembly process of the small-diameter reflector supporting device of the present invention is as follows: the backing ring 8 and the back plate 3 are assembled with the shoulder 15 of the mandrel 1 from the rear of the mandrel 1 in sequence, and the first lock nut 4 and the second lock nut are assembled. The tightening nut 5 is tightened on the third ring belt 14 by the rear part of the mandrel 1 in turn, the backing ring 8 and the back plate 3 are pressed on the shaft shoulder 15, and then the reflector 2 is inserted from the front part of the mandrel 1, Then fix the pressure plate 6 with the silica gel pad 7 on the threaded hole 1231 of the mandrel 1, and press the reflector 2 on the front surface of the backing ring 8 through the silica gel pad 7.

Claims (9)

1.小口径反射镜支撑结构,包括芯轴(1)、背板(3)和压紧机构;1. Small-aperture reflector support structure, including mandrel (1), back plate (3) and pressing mechanism; 所述芯轴(1)的外壁上从前至后依次设有外径依次减小的第一环带(12)、第二环带(13)和第三环带(14),反射镜(2)套装在第一环带(12)外,背板(3)套装在第二环带(13)外,压紧机构设置在第三环带(14)上;The outer wall of the mandrel (1) is provided with a first annular zone (12), a second annular zone (13) and a third annular zone (14) with successively decreasing outer diameters from front to back, and a mirror (2 ) is set outside the first endless belt (12), the backboard (3) is set outside the second endless belt (13), and the pressing mechanism is arranged on the third endless belt (14); 其特征在于,还包括,压板(6)、硅胶垫(7)和垫环(8);It is characterized in that it also includes a pressing plate (6), a silica gel pad (7) and a backing ring (8); 所述芯轴(1)前端面的边缘圆周均布的设有多个凹槽(123),第一环带(12)的外壁前端设有与反射镜(2)的通孔内壁接触的剖面为圆弧形的环带(124);A plurality of grooves (123) are evenly distributed on the edge of the front end surface of the mandrel (1), and the front end of the outer wall of the first annular zone (12) is provided with a section that contacts the inner wall of the through hole of the reflector (2). It is an arc-shaped annulus (124); 所述压板(6)为多个,每个压板(6)固定在一个凹槽(123)内;There are multiple pressing plates (6), and each pressing plate (6) is fixed in a groove (123); 所述硅胶垫(7)为多个,每个硅胶垫(7)固定在一个压板(6)的后表面并压紧在反射镜(2)的前环带上;Described silica gel pad (7) is a plurality of, and each silica gel pad (7) is fixed on the rear surface of a pressing plate (6) and is compressed on the front ring belt of reflector (2); 所述垫环(8)的前表面圆周均布的设有多个与反射镜(2)后环带接触的前凸台(81),任意相邻的两个前凸台(81)之间设有与前凸台(81)相连且等高的凸弧带(82),凸弧带(82)与轴肩(15)接触,且凸弧带(82)的外圆直径小于轴肩(15)的外圆直径;The front surface of the backing ring (8) is evenly distributed on the circumference and is provided with a plurality of front bosses (81) that are in contact with the rear ring belt of the reflector (2), and any adjacent two front bosses (81) A convex arc band (82) which is connected with the front boss (81) and is of equal height is provided, and the convex arc band (82) is in contact with the shaft shoulder (15), and the outer circle diameter of the convex arc band (82) is smaller than the shaft shoulder ( 15) the diameter of the outer circle; 垫环(8)的后表面圆周均布的设有多个与背板(3)前表面接触的后凸台(83);The rear surface of the backing ring (8) is evenly distributed on the circumference and is provided with a plurality of rear bosses (83) that are in contact with the front surface of the back plate (3); 多个前凸台(81)、多个后凸台(83)与多个压板(6)在芯轴(1)的周向上对应;A plurality of front bosses (81), a plurality of rear bosses (83) correspond to a plurality of pressure plates (6) in the circumferential direction of the mandrel (1); 所述压紧机构将垫环(8)和背板(3)压紧在轴肩(15)上。The pressing mechanism presses the backing ring (8) and the back plate (3) onto the shaft shoulder (15). 2.根据权利要求1所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述凹槽(123)底部设有多个螺纹孔(1231),压板(6)通过螺钉固定在凹槽(123)内。2. The support structure for small-diameter mirrors according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bottom of the groove (123) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (1231), and the pressure plate (6) is fixed on the groove (123) by screws. )Inside. 3.根据权利要求2所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述凹槽(123)为三个,每个凹槽(123)底部设有两个螺纹孔(1231)。3. The supporting structure of the small-aperture mirror according to claim 2, characterized in that there are three grooves (123), and two threaded holes (1231) are provided at the bottom of each groove (123). 4.根据权利要求1所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述反射镜(2)的前环带为台阶形,且设置在反射镜(2)的通孔前端,所述反射镜(2)的后环带设置在反射镜(2)的后表面。4. small-aperture reflecting mirror supporting structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the front annular band of described reflecting mirror (2) is stepped, and is arranged on the through hole front end of reflecting mirror (2), described The rear annular band of the reflector (2) is arranged on the rear surface of the reflector (2). 5.根据权利要求1所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述压板(6)的外边缘为圆弧形且外边缘直径小于反射镜(2)前环带的外圆直径。5. The supporting structure of the small-aperture mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer edge of the pressing plate (6) is arc-shaped and the diameter of the outer edge is smaller than the outer diameter of the front annulus of the mirror (2) . 6.根据权利要求1所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述压板(6)的后表面设有台阶,硅胶垫(7)固定在台阶内。6. The supporting structure of the small-aperture mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that, a step is provided on the rear surface of the pressing plate (6), and a silicone pad (7) is fixed in the step. 7.根据权利要求1所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述前凸台(81)对应的圆心角为30°。7. The supporting structure of the small-aperture mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that, the central angle corresponding to the front boss (81) is 30°. 8.根据权利要求1所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述第三环带(14)的外壁上设有外螺纹,压紧机构由第一锁紧螺母(4)和第二锁紧螺母(5)组成,第一锁紧螺母(4)和第二锁紧螺母(5)从前至后依次旋紧在第三环带(14)上。8. The support structure for small-diameter mirrors according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer wall of the third annular band (14) is provided with external threads, and the pressing mechanism consists of the first locking nut (4) and The second lock nut (5) is composed of the first lock nut (4) and the second lock nut (5) which are sequentially screwed on the third ring belt (14) from front to back. 9.根据权利要求1所述的小口径反射镜支撑结构,其特征在于,所述芯轴(1)、压板(6)和垫环(8)的材料均采用热膨胀系数为0.07E﹣6/℃的4J32殷钢。9. The supporting structure of the small-aperture mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that, the materials of the mandrel (1), the pressure plate (6) and the backing ring (8) are all made of materials with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.07E-6/ ℃ 4J32 Invar.
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