CN106324668B - A kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques - Google Patents
A kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques Download PDFInfo
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- CN106324668B CN106324668B CN201610669007.1A CN201610669007A CN106324668B CN 106324668 B CN106324668 B CN 106324668B CN 201610669007 A CN201610669007 A CN 201610669007A CN 106324668 B CN106324668 B CN 106324668B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques, and the basic size of master cast is arranged in step (1)；(2) target zone area and non-object layer area range are marked off on master cast；(3) purpose layer model and non-object layer model of the design with the thin reservoir characteristic of 2m or less under different proportion；(4) Variable sampling technology discrete model is utilized, model discrete data is obtained；(5) based on the discrete data of acquisition, forward simulation is carried out using positive algorithm, generates synthetic seismogram.Advantage is building 2m thin reservoir below to may be implemented using this method, and can carry out the seismic forward simulation of the thin reservoir of 2m or less, and the achievement of earthquake simulation is enable preferably to be made to solve the problem of the thin RESERVOIR RECOGNITION hardly possible actually faced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic modeling fields, and in particular to it is a kind of based on it is double become Review of geologic model building techniques thin seismic reservoirs just
Drill analogy method.
Background technique
Seismic exploration technique is existed using a kind of geophysics's method the most extensively sent out using seismic wave in oil-gas exploration
The variation of the parameters such as speed, amplitude, frequency, phase, the waveform propagated in different medium carrys out prediction oil and gas reservoir distribution model
It encloses and reservoir properties feature.As exploration and development degree is gradually goed deep into, seismic prospecting is from the structure for epistemically descending structural configuration
It makes and visits, be developing progressively and earthquake information is directly applied to judge lithology, analysis lithofacies, the lithology for quantitatively calculating rock stratum physical parameter
Exploration.Reservoir under these complicated sedimentary environments is usually expressed as, physical property height heterogeneous, effective reservoir scale thin with thickness
The features such as small, distribution disperses, rock physics relations are complicated, reservoir lithology difference is small.
Seismic forward simulation is to simulate the excitation of seismic wave it is assumed that in the case where groundwater simulation structure and receive to obtain ground
Shake record.It is the basis of earthquake data acquisition, seismic processing, the big link analysis of seismic interpretation three, can for earthquake data acquisition,
Seismic processing, seismic interpretation provide the appraisal procedure of theoretical foundation and science.By seismic forward simulation, acquisition can be examined
Design parameter, seismic processing parameter, the reasonability of seismic interpretation method, judge seismic acquisition data, seismic processing data, earthquake
Explain the confidence level of data and the correctness of result.
Seismic forward simulation mainly includes two kinds[1], one is physical analogys, another is numerical simulation.But it answers at present
It is most wide also it is most convenient that numerical simulation, in field of seismic exploration, if do not illustrated, seismic forward simulation is general with degree
All refer to numerical simulation.
Geologic modeling is an important ring and a most basic ring in seismic forward simulation.At present in seismic modeling side
The content in face, research relates generally to[1]: (1) definition and description of Laminate Model；(2) it the definition of fault model and retouches
It states；(3) definition and description of polygonized structure model；(4) the sequential order definition and description of different structures；(5) two dimension envelope
Close structural model definition and data description；(6) calculating and deletion in intersecting lens crosspoint；(7) tracking of sealing surface.
Application No. is a kind of " the frequency domain full-waveform inversion seismic velocity modelings of 2013101338932 Chinese granted patent
Method " discloses a kind of a kind of velocity modeling method based on full waveform inversion[2], this method groundwork is in frequency domain
It completes, on the basis of obtaining essential information, on the basis of respective algorithms and basic parameter, completes the anti-of all frequencies
It drills, finally obtains final rate pattern, modeling method is mainly to improve the model accuracy for participating in inverting.
The Chinese granted patent " a kind of prediction technique and system of thin reservoir " of application number 2014108115111 discloses one
Kind is directed to the prediction technique system of thin reservoir[3], this method system be primarily based on process-based log data, seismic data,
Deposit elementary item, sequence framework divide etc. with sequence structure and Sedimentary Micro-facies geological model, be then based on the model into
Row geostatistical inversion；Screening and the division of strata slicing finally are carried out to the result of geostatistical inversion, obtain thin storage
The planar distribution of layer.
The China of application number 201510458235X applies for a patent " fracture-cavity type carbonate oil-gas reservoir three-dimensional geological modeling side
Method " discloses a kind of fracture-cavity type carbonate oil-gas reservoir three-dimensional geological modeling method[4], this method is realized main including several in this way
A step: first is that modeling block divides；Second is that modeling major class divides；Third is that matrix models split-phase；Fourth is that classification of rifts；Fifth is that mould
Type merges.The three-dimensional geological model for the fracture-cavity type carbonate oil-gas reservoir established by the realization of this five steps can satisfy out
Send out the needs of conceptual design, development plan implementation and development behavior analysis etc..
The China of application number 2013105849161 applies for a patent " glutenite comprehensive geology modeling method " and discloses a kind of sand
Conglomerate comprehensive geology modeling method[5], this method is realized main including steps several in this way: first is that carrying out to various basic informations
Analysis and arrangement filters out the basic data for carrying out geological model building；Second is that passing through the fine Strata Comparison of individual well, subtly
Shake explains that fine description every interlayer and fracture system, establishes stratum and tectonic framework model；Third is that using existing rock core, surveying well logging
Data identifies and judges lithology；Fourth is that establishing sedimentary facies model on the basis of electrofacies analysis；Fifth is that seeping curve based on hole, build
Vertical attribute model.
The China of application number 2014106631905 applies for a patent that " a kind of geological model based on shutter 3D technology is shown
Method " discloses a kind of geological model display methods based on shutter 3D technology[6], this method is the drawing using OpenGL
Obtained three-dimensional geological model is carried out the viewport transform and projective transformation first, is then mapped to model after transformation and sets by function
In fixed three-dimensional space, followed by setting eyes view adjustment mechanism, shows that the model drawn on pc machine, finally lead to
Three-dimensional Display effect can be watched by crossing 3D glasses.
From the point of view of existing document and patent[1-6], existing modeling method mainly has this several feature: (1) modeling object
Definition and description；(2) creation and tracking of closed area；(3) improvement of geological model precision；(4) 3D of geological model is aobvious
Show；(5) decomposition and reconstruction of geological model.The research of these modeling methods is rare in terms of thin reservoir, therefore to thin storage
The research of layer application aspect is than relatively limited.Therefore, research is suitable for the modeling method in terms of thin reservoir, to the various technologies of thin reservoir
Popularization have most important theories and realistic meaning.
[1] Mu Yongguang, Pei Zhenglin, 3 D complex medium earthquake numerical simulation petroleum industry publishing house, 2005.
[2] China National Offshore Oil Corporation, CNOOC Research Institute, a kind of frequency domain full-waveform inversion seismic velocity modeling
Method, Chinese patent: CN103207409B, 2016-01-06.
[3] China National Petroleum group formula, a kind of prediction technique and system of thin reservoir, Chinese patent:
CN104502966A, 2015-04-08.
[4] China Petroleum Group Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd, fracture-cavity type carbonate oil-gas reservoir three-dimensional geological modeling
Method, Chinese patent: CN104992468A, 2015-10-21.
[5] the limited formula of Sinopec's share, glutenite comprehensive geology modeling method, Chinese patent:
CN104657523A, 2015-05-27.
[6] Changjiang University, a kind of geological model display methods based on shutter 3D technology, Chinese patent:
CN104463955A, 2015-03-25.
[7] Tesseral Technology Co., Ltd., Tesseral-2D 6.0V software systems, 2008.
[8] Halliburton Company, GeoGraphix Seismic Modeling software systems, 2015.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques, solves existing
Above-mentioned problem in technology.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques, are characterized in particular in and comprise the concrete steps that:
(1) basic size of master cast is initialized:
(2) target zone area and non-object layer area range are marked off on the basis of step (1)；
(3) on the basis of step (2), non-object layer model and purpose layer model are designed using control with changed scale, it is non-in completion
After purpose layer model and target zone model creation, purpose layer model and non-object layer model are shown under the same scale bar
Show；
(4) on the basis of step (3), changed the discrete non-object layer model of technology and purpose layer model using change, obtained
Model discrete data；
(5) on the basis of step (4), forward simulation is carried out using positive algorithm, generates synthetic seismogram.
Preferably, the basic size that step (1) designs a model utilizes the basic size of R & D Software Development setting model, pop-up
Main view model window.
Preferably, model partition is gone out target zone and non-object layer range by step (2), is designed in main view model window
The base region in target zone area and non-object layer area will pop up target zone model window at this time.
Preferably, step (3) establishes the mould in non-object layer area in main view model window and target zone model window respectively
The thin reservoir model of type and target zone, after completing thin GEOLOGICAL MODELS OF PETROLEUM RESERVOIR building, the thin reservoir model of target zone will be with main view
Model scale in model window shows purpose layer model in main window；I.e. by purpose layer model and non-object layer model with not
It is designed in proportion, the building of the thin reservoir of target zone model supports 0.1-2m, and thin reservoir shows clearly visible, in mesh
Layer model design after the completion of, shown under a view with same ratio and non-object layer model, it is seen that entirely model it is complete
Looks.
Preferably, step (4) carries out model using the variable sampling rate function that R & D Software Development is formed after the completion of completing building
It is discrete, non-object layer model and target zone model data are sampled with different sample rates, the sampling of non-mesh target zone
Rate is less than or equal to 1 sampling point/m, sample rate surplus 1 sampling point/m, 10 sampling point/m of target zone.
Preferably, step (5) carries out forward modeling using positive algorithm based on discrete model data and obtains synthesis earthquake note
Record.
Compared with prior art, the effect that the present invention embodies is as follows:
(1) technical aspect
Conventional modeling method constructs Geologic modeling using equal proportion, this causes to be difficult to take into account whole relationship, works as amplification
When, in the case of equal proportion, whole geological model looks are hardly visible, when reducing, and partial thin layer looks is hardly visible, makes
Researcher is unfavorable for the description to model.And the method for the present invention has invented a kind of technology of control with changed scale, in this control with changed scale skill
Under art, researcher both can see global portions, it can also be seen that Part portions, be conducive to researcher and preferably study retouch
State model.
Conventional modeling method using etc. sample rates technology come discrete model, this technology generally requires to occupy bigger interior
Deposit space and lose speed advantage, and the method for the present invention uses a kind of Variable sampling technology, this be a kind of savings memory space with
Take into account a kind of modeling technique of speed.
(2) economic aspect
Carry out thin reservoir study using the method for the present invention, will enable the geological model of building closer to reality, thus
It so that Forward modelling result obtained based on the model is relatively reliable, can be used to preferably instruct practical application, reduce actual
Exploration risk improves exploration success ratio.
(3) society's aspect
The method of the present invention is conducive to the thin seismic reservoir modeling technique in abundant China, will promote the thin reservoir modeling tool in China
Development, and then further promote the exploration and development ability of the thin reservoir in China.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without any creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of moulded dimension based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques of the present invention
Display diagram.
Fig. 2 is that a kind of model based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques of the present invention is drawn
Looks display diagram after being divided into target zone and non-object layer.
Fig. 3 is a kind of target zone mould based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques of the present invention
Molded dimension individually shows figure.
Fig. 4 is a kind of non-mesh of completion based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques of the present invention
Layer model design after master cast window model display diagram.
Fig. 5 is a kind of completion purpose based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques of the present invention
Layer design a model design after model display diagram.
Fig. 6 is a kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques of the present invention including purpose
The collective model figure of layer model and non-object layer model.
Fig. 7 is a kind of Seismic forward based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques of the present invention
The synthetic seismogram of simulation.
In figure: A, non-object layer；B, target zone；1, bed boundary；2, stratum.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The seismic forward simulation case implemented based on the present invention is as follows:
(1) using the basic size of R & D Software Development setting model, wherein model width is 1000m, and model height is 500m,
To occur having the master view window of model size being provided with, sees Fig. 1；
(2) in main view model window purpose of design layer top and bottom, design top bottom depth location be 200m and 300m,
Model is divided into three parts (model width of three parts is all 1000m) at this time, and first part's model is non-object layer,
Depth bounds are 0-200m, and second part model is target zone, and depth bounds are 200-300m, and Part III model is non-purpose
Layer, depth bounds are 300-500m.Main view will be presented as shown in Fig. 2, having divided mesh after the completion of target zone designs at this time
Layer divide after, can show target zone model window (Fig. 3).
(3) window is modeled in main view and target zone modeling window establishes the geological model (Fig. 4) in non-object layer area respectively
With the target zone geological model (Fig. 5) comprising thin reservoir.First part's non-object layer is divided into 5 layers, the 1st layer, the 3rd layer, the 5th
Layer, it is assumed that it is shale layer, speed is set as 2300m/s, and the 2nd layer, the 4th layer, it is assumed that be sandstone layer, speed is set as 2700m/s；Second
Part target zone is divided into 9 layers, and lithology additionally comprises 4 Thin Sandbodies based on mud stone, and four Thin Sandbody thickness are from upper
Toward being next time 0.5m, 0.75m, 1m, 1.5m, the 1st layer, the 3rd layer, the 5th layer, the 7th layer, the 9th layer in target zone is shale layer,
Speed is 2500m/s, and the 2nd layer, the 4th layer, the 6th layer, the 8th layer is sandstone layer, and speed is set as 3000m/s；The non-purpose of Part III
Layer is divided into 5 layers, the 1st layer, the 3rd layer, the 5th layer, it is assumed that and it is shale layer, speed is set as 2700m/s, and the 2nd layer, the 4th layer, it is assumed that
For sandstone layer, speed is set as 3100m/s.The density on each stratum is used uniformly classical Gardner formula and calculates acquisition.It completes
After the building of thin reservoir target zone geological model, target zone geological model will be existed with the model scale in main view modeling window
It is shown in main window, at this time will include the geological model in non-object layer area and the Geological Model in target zone area in master view window
Type, display looks are as shown in Figure 6.
(4) after the completion of completing building, the discrete of model is carried out using the variable sampling rate function that R & D Software Development is formed；
(5) synthetic seismogram is generated based on forward simulation algorithm, Fig. 7 is generated synthetically using 30Hz Ricker wavelet
Shake record.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the invention, it is noted that those skilled in the art, not
Under the premise of being detached from the invention design, some similar deformation and improvement can be made, these also should be regarded as the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of based on double thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings for becoming Review of geologic model building techniques, it is characterised in that comprise the concrete steps that:
(1) basic size of master cast is initialized；
(2) target zone area and non-object layer area range are marked off on the basis of step (1)；
(3) on the basis of step (2), non-object layer model and purpose layer model are designed using control with changed scale, complete non-purpose
After layer model and target zone model creation, purpose layer model and non-object layer model are shown under the same scale bar；
Specifically, purpose layer model and non-object layer model are designed in varing proportions, target zone model supports 0.1-2m is thin
The building of reservoir, and thin reservoir shows clearly visible, after the completion of target zone modelling, with same ratio and non-object layer
Model is shown under a view, it is seen that the overall picture of entire model；
(4) on the basis of step (3), changed the discrete non-object layer model of technology and purpose layer model using change, obtain model
Discrete data；Specifically, being sampled to non-object layer model and target zone model data with different sample rates, non-mesh purpose
The sample rate of layer is less than or equal to 1 sampling point/m, sample rate surplus 1 sampling point/m, 10 sampling point/m of target zone；
(5) on the basis of step (4), forward simulation is carried out using positive algorithm, generates synthetic seismogram.
2. a kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: the basic size that step (1) designs a model.
3. a kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: model partition is gone out target zone and non-object layer range by step (2).
4. a kind of thin seismic reservoir the Forward Modelings based on double change Review of geologic model building techniques according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: step (5) carries out forward modeling using positive algorithm based on discrete model data and obtains synthetic seismogram.
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