CN106324542A - Triaxial decoupling self-zero-setting fluxgate magnetometer zero point measurement circuit - Google Patents
Triaxial decoupling self-zero-setting fluxgate magnetometer zero point measurement circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106324542A CN106324542A CN201610767807.7A CN201610767807A CN106324542A CN 106324542 A CN106324542 A CN 106324542A CN 201610767807 A CN201610767807 A CN 201610767807A CN 106324542 A CN106324542 A CN 106324542A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triaxial decoupling self-zero-setting fluxgate magnetometer zero point measurement circuit, and the circuit employs a bipolar intermittent pulse excitation unit composed of low-power-consumption temperature control crystal oscillator to carry out the excitation of an iron core. The circuit employs the temperature control crystal oscillator to stabilize the work frequency, enables the iron core to be demagnetized in real time in a mode of bipolar excitation, and employs an intermittent pulse voltage excitation waveform to greatly reduce the power consumption. The circuit controls a constant voltage source to carry out the excitation of the iron core through a low-resistance switch, and greatly improves the energy utilization efficiency of the excitation unit. The circuit provided by the invention employs a weak coupling mode to install a triaxial magnetic probe, reduces the triaxial coupling error through the optimization of the relative position of the triaxial magnetic probe, employs a zero point automatic measurement circuit, can carry out the programming control to achieve the online detection of a circuit zero point, and can be used in the fields of magnetic field measurement and magnetic object detection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic-field measurement or gaussmeter technical field, more particularly, to a kind of three axle decouplings from returning to zero magnetic
Flux-gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuit.
Background technology
Flux-gate magnetometer is accurate magnetic vector measuring instrument, is widely used in satellite, earth magnetism scientific observation, resource are surveyed
The fields such as spy, weak magnetic measurement, Industry Control and Military Application.Basic demand precision height, resolution to flux-gate magnetometer
Rate is high, long-term work zero stability is good, the linearity is good, it is low to attack consumption.But, improving of all technical needs the highest generation
Valency, some index conditions each other, and such as, for keeping long-term work zero stability, commonly uses double-iron core, annular or track type at present
Core structure, and use sinusoidal current supersaturation to encourage, typical resolution is 1.0nT, and zero point long term drift can accomplish 10nT
Hereinafter, but thus bring the biggest energy consumption, make power consumption reach several watts even more than tens watts, limit flux-gate magnetometer low
The application in power consumption field.
In milliwatt magnitude low-power consumption application, the most conventional fluxgate core structure has single iron core, double-iron core, annular
Or track type iron core, generally use pulsed voltage excitation mode.In order to make gaussmeter power consumption as little as milliwatt magnitude, use pulse more
The excitation waveform of narrower width；The unstable working condition of gaussmeter probe iron core, is affected the biggest by time and temperature so that magnetic
The output noise of strong meter is relatively big, the temperature drift of circuit zero point and time drift serious, the resolution of current milliwatt magnitude low-watt consumption magnetic open gate
It is 5～10nT, but long term zero point drift is at more than 100nT, it is difficult to be applied to field of precision measurement.
Summary of the invention
For disadvantages described above or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux doors
Gaussmeter zero point measuring circuit, its object is to, while keeping flux-gate magnetometer high-resolution, high stability, reduce it
Detection power consumption.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux door magnetic
Strong meter zero point measuring circuit, including exciting unit, excitation coil, signal coil, feedback circuit, zero point circuit of measurement and control, with
Step detection control circuit, amplification demodulator integrating circuit and microprocessing unit；
Wherein, excitation coil is wrapped in one end of gaussmeter probe iron core, and signal coil mates with excitation coil, is wrapped in
The other end of gaussmeter probe iron core；
One end of excitation coil connects the first outfan of exciting unit, other end ground connection；Zero point circuit of measurement and control
First input end and the second input are connected with the two ends of signal coil respectively, the 3rd input and the outfan of microprocessing unit
Connecting, four-input terminal is connected with the outfan of feedback circuit；The first input end of amplification demodulator integrating circuit is measured with zero point
The outfan of control circuit connects, and the second input is connected with the outfan of synchronous detection control circuit；Synchronous detection controls electricity
The input on road is connected with the second outfan of exciting unit；The input of feedback circuit and the output of amplification demodulator integrating circuit
End connects；The input of microprocessing unit also outfan with amplification demodulator integrating circuit is connected.
Preferably, above-mentioned three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits, its exciting unit uses frequency
Stable bipolarity intermittent pulse tension excitation circuitry.
Preferably, above-mentioned three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits, its exciting unit includes square wave
Signal generating unit, counter-decoder circuit, the first energy-storage units and the second energy-storage units；
Wherein, the input of counter-decoder circuit is connected with the outfan of square-wave signal generating unit；First energy-storage units
The first end be connected with the first outfan of counter-decoder circuit, power end is used for connecting outside constant pressure source；
First end of the second energy-storage units is connected with the second outfan of counter-decoder circuit, and the second end connects the first energy storage
Unit the second end, the 3rd end of three-terminal link the first energy-storage units, the 4th end ground connection, the 5th end connect excitation coil；
Frequency is generated stable with width, the intermittent pulse voltage waveform of Symmetrical by square-wave signal generating unit；
Under the effect with energy-storage units of this voltage waveform, connect positive and negative constant pressure source and iron core is directly encouraged；Reduce as far as possible and swash
Encourage the pressure drop loss of loop other parts, make the driving voltage pressure drop overwhelming majority be added in excitation coil two ends, the most significantly carry
The energy utilization efficiency of high exciting unit, and then reduce excitation and attack consumption, improve the zero stability of gaussmeter.
Preferably, above-mentioned three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits, its square-wave signal generating unit
Use temperature control crystal oscillator, produce the square-wave signal of frequency stable, there is the feature of low-power consumption.
Preferably, above-mentioned low-power consumption three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer, its first energy-storage units includes that first is low
Resistance switch and the first diode；Wherein, the first end of the first low-ohmic switches, as the first end of the first energy-storage units, is used for connecting
First outfan of counter-decoder circuit；First end of the second end and the first diode connects, and it connects end as the first energy storage
The power end of unit, is used for connecting outside constant pressure source；3rd end is as the second end of the first energy-storage units；The of first diode
Two ends are then as the 3rd end of the first energy-storage units.
Preferably, above-mentioned three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits, its second energy-storage units includes
Second low-ohmic switches, the second diode and electric capacity；
Wherein, the first end of the second low-ohmic switches is as the first end of the second energy-storage units, for connection count decoding electricity
Second outfan on road, the second end is as the second end of the second energy-storage units, the 3rd end ground connection；First end of the second diode with
First end of electric capacity is connected, and it connects the end the 3rd end as the second energy-storage units, the second end ground connection of the second diode；Electric capacity
The second end be used for connecting excitation coil；
Low-ohmic switches is used to control constant pressure source excitation iron core so that the driving voltage overwhelming majority drops to excitation coil two
End, the energy utilization efficiency high to ensure exciting unit.
Preferably, above-mentioned three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits, install and use three axle probes weak
Coupling mounting means, the first axle probe of gaussmeter is non-coplanar orthogonal with the second axle probe, and with described first axle probe and the
The line at two axle probe iron core midpoints is vertical；3rd axle probe is arranged on the first axle probe and the second axle probe iron core midpoint line
Extended line on；This configuration reduces feedback magnetic field and the excitation field impact on other axle of arbitrary axle in gaussmeter, from
And reduce by three axle coupling errors.
Preferably, above-mentioned three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits, its zero point circuit of measurement and control
Including two groups of switches；Under the control of microprocessing unit, make the two of signal coil respectively hold by two groups of switch switchings and swing to, measure
Swing to forward and backward output voltage values, according to this output voltage values measuring circuit zero point.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, it is possible to show under acquirement
Benefit effect:
(1) the three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits that the present invention provides, use frequency stable
Iron core is encouraged by low consumption bipolarity intermittent pulse voltage drive unit of attacking, it is achieved zero point stability and low-power consumption, solves magnetic flux
Contradiction between flux gate magnetometer low-power consumption and high-performance, under conditions of power supply is+5V, 1mA, typical resolution is
1.0nT, zero point long term drift is at below 30nT；And the online inspection to circuit zero point can be realized by microprocessor programming Control
Survey and zero point correction, weak magnetic measurement and magnetic target field of detecting can be used for for a long time；
(2) the three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits that the present invention provides, in its preferred version, adopt
With gaussmeter three axle probe weak coupling mounting means, reduce three axle coupling errors；
(3) the three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits that the present invention provides, its preferred version uses
Low-power consumption temperature control crystal oscillator produces square-wave signal, ensures that operating frequency is stable and oscillating circuit is low simultaneously and attacks consumption；Use and stablize square wave
Fluxgate iron core is encouraged by signal, it is ensured that exciting unit low-power consumption；Further, owing to square wave is Symmetrical, its frequency, width
Degree, amplitude stabilization, can improve the zero stability of gaussmeter；
(4) by the way of low-ohmic switches control voltage source directly encourages fluxgate iron core, control constant pressure source and directly encourage
Iron core, makes the driving voltage pressure drop overwhelming majority be added in excitation coil two ends, and the pressure drop loss of energized circuit other parts is the least, greatly
Amplitude improves the energy utilization efficiency of exciting unit, and then consumption is attacked in reduction excitation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first axle zero point measuring circuit of the low-power consumption three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer that embodiment provides
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the exciting unit in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of excitation waveform produced by exciting unit in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is that the zero point in embodiment measures control schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is three axis fluxgate weak coupling mounting means schematic diagrams in embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.If additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
The conflict of not constituting each other just can be mutually combined.
The power consumption of flux-gate magnetometer is mainly distributed on exciting unit, amplification demodulator integrating circuit and feedback circuit；Reduce
Flux-gate magnetometer detection power consumption it is crucial that reduce exciting unit power consumption；The present invention is at the concrete measure reduced in excitation power consumption
It is to use bipolarity intermittent pulse voltage drive mode, with the rectangular pulse of narrow width, is switched by low on-resistance, control perseverance
Fluxgate iron core is encouraged by potential source, periodically encourages iron core to saturation, it is ensured that magnetic strength is in respect of enough resolutions
Rate, is greatly enhanced exciting unit energy utilization efficiency simultaneously.
Shown in Fig. 1, it is that the first axle zero point of the low-power consumption three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer that embodiment provides is surveyed
The functional block diagram of amount circuit；Including exciting unit, excitation coil, signal coil, feedback circuit, zero point circuit of measurement and control, with
Step detection control circuit, amplification demodulator integrating circuit and microprocessing unit；The zero point measuring circuit of remaining two axle is identical with this.
Shown in Fig. 2, it it is the exciting unit schematic diagram in embodiment；In embodiment, exciting unit includes that square-wave signal occurs
Unit, counter-decoder circuit, the first energy-storage units and the second energy-storage units；
Wherein, the input of counter-decoder circuit is connected with the outfan of square-wave signal generating unit；First energy-storage units
The first end be connected with the first outfan of counter-decoder circuit, power end is used for connecting outside constant pressure source；
First end of the second energy-storage units is connected with the second outfan of counter-decoder circuit, and the second end connects the first energy storage
Unit the second end, the 3rd end of three-terminal link the first energy-storage units, the 4th end ground connection, the 5th end connect excitation coil.
Shown in Fig. 3, it it is the schematic diagram of excitation waveform produced by exciting unit in embodiment；It is high electricity at driving pulse Q2
Flat period, the switch K1 conducting of the first energy-storage units, the switch K2 of the second energy-storage units disconnects, owing to conducting resistance is much smaller than swashing
Encouraging coil impedance, switch ends voltage can be ignored；The backward voltage filled with on the electric capacity C of the second energy-storage units and power supply electricity
The overwhelming majority of pressure Vs drops to excitation coil two ends, and capacity usage ratio is the highest；Exciting unit makes to swash with stable voltage amplitude
Encourage electric current to be slowly increased, by iron core excitation to saturated, it is ensured that magnetic strength is in respect of sufficiently strong signal output；
When fluxgate iron core is energized to saturated, the instant inductance value L of excitation coil is the least, and exciting current increases rapidly
Adding, capacitor fast charging, after maintaining a period of time, electric capacity charges to, close to supply voltage, make the voltage at excitation coil two ends very
Little, exciting current is not further added by, and limits the saturation depth of iron core, reduces power consumption；
When driving pulse Q2 transfers low level to, the switch K1 of the first energy-storage units disconnects, and excitation coil loop current exists
Continue electric capacity C is charged by diode D2 under inductance effect of inertia, the dump energy on excitation coil inductance is stored in electricity
Rong Shang；
In the second half of Energizing cycle, pulse Q7 is between high period, the switch K2 conducting of the second energy-storage units, the first storage
The switch K1 of energy unit disconnects, and the voltage being stored on electric capacity C is added in excitation coil two ends, reversely swashs fluxgate iron core
Encouraging, the time waveform of driving voltage and front half cycle almost symmetry, gaussmeter has similar signal to export to front half cycle；
When driving pulse Q7 transfers low level to, the switch K2 of the second energy-storage units disconnects, and excitation coil loop current exists
Continued electric capacity C reverse charging by diode D1 under inductance effect of inertia, equally by the dump energy on excitation coil inductance
It is stored on electric capacity；
In whole Energizing cycle, only Q2, at high level time, is just supplemented excitation energy by power supply, and Q2 pulsewidth is very
Narrow, therefore energy consumption is the lowest；Further, by diode energy storage, after the excitation of the most just fluxgate iron core is the most saturated, all will swash
Encourage the dump energy in coil inductance L to be converted into capacitive energy and store so that the energy master that each Energizing cycle is consumed
Thermal losses on iron core magnetic hystersis loss to be and Coil resistance, therefore, this exciting unit capacity usage ratio in embodiment is high,
The average source current of circuit can control at below 0.3mA easily.
For improving precision and the resolution of three axis fluxgate gaussmeters, and long-term zero stability；Embodiment uses
The intermittent pulse voltage waveform that high stability low-power consumption temperature control crystal oscillating circuit generation frequency, width are stable, and by low-ohmic switches,
Connecting constant pressure source to encourage iron core, excitation signal waveforms Symmetrical, frequency, width, amplitude all have stabilizing measures, thus
Ensure that gaussmeter zero stability；Further, owing to excitation energy utilization rate is high, under conditions of low-power consumption, remain to iron core
Encourage saturated to the degree of depth, it is ensured that the stability of gaussmeter and high-resolution.
Fig. 4 be zero point circuit of measurement and control in embodiment with other assemblies mate schematic diagram；Its zero point is measured and is controlled
Circuit includes two groups of switches；Under the control of microprocessing unit, make two of probe signal coil defeated by two groups of switch switchings
Go out end to swing to, measure the output voltage values before and after swinging to, obtain circuit zero point according to this output voltage values；This zero point measurement side
Formula can the most accurately be carried out, and gives in elimination, reduces the null offset impact on measurement result.
Fig. 5 is three axis fluxgate weak coupling mounting means schematic diagrams in embodiment；Wherein, three axle probe orthogonals and three axles
Probe is respectively arranged with an axis of symmetry point-blank；Wherein two axles probe non-coplanar orthogonal, and with this two axle pop one's head in iron core midpoint
Line vertical, another axle probe is arranged on the extended line of front two axles probe iron core midpoint lines.This mounting means ensures
Feedback magnetic field and the excitation field of the arbitrary axle in gaussmeter are on the impact of other axle little, thus reduce three axles couplings by mistake
Difference.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that and the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to
Limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuit, it is characterised in that include exciting unit, excitation
Coil, signal coil, feedback circuit, zero point circuit of measurement and control, synchronous detection control circuit, amplification demodulator integrating circuit and micro-
Processing unit；
Described excitation coil is wrapped in one end of gaussmeter probe iron core, and signal coil is wrapped in another of gaussmeter probe iron core
End；
One end of described excitation coil connects the first outfan of exciting unit, other end ground connection；Described zero point is measured and is controlled electricity
First input end and second input on road are connected with the two ends of signal coil respectively, and the 3rd input is defeated with microprocessing unit
Going out end to connect, four-input terminal is connected with the outfan of feedback circuit；The first input end of described amplification demodulator integrating circuit with
The outfan of zero point circuit of measurement and control connects, and the second input is connected with the outfan of synchronous detection control circuit；Described same
The input of step detection control circuit is connected with the second outfan of exciting unit；The input of described feedback circuit is examined with amplifying
The outfan of ripple integrating circuit connects；The input of described microprocessing unit is connected with the outfan of amplification demodulator integrating circuit.
Three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Exciting unit uses the bipolarity intermittent pulse tension excitation circuitry of frequency stable.
Three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits the most as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
Described exciting unit includes square-wave signal generating unit, counter-decoder circuit, the first energy-storage units and the second energy-storage units；
The input of described counter-decoder circuit is connected with the outfan of square-wave signal generating unit；The first of first energy-storage units
End is connected with the first outfan of counter-decoder circuit, and power end is used for connecting outside constant pressure source；
First end of described second energy-storage units is connected with the second outfan of counter-decoder circuit, and the second end connects the first energy storage
Unit the second end, the 3rd end of three-terminal link the first energy-storage units, the 4th end ground connection, the 5th end connect excitation coil.
Three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described
Square-wave signal generating unit uses temperature control crystal oscillator.
Three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described
First energy-storage units includes the first low-ohmic switches and the first diode；
First end of described first low-ohmic switches is as the first end of the first energy-storage units, for the of connection count decoding circuit
One outfan；First end of the second end and the first diode connects, and its connection end, as the power end of the first energy-storage units, is used for
Connect outside constant pressure source；3rd end is as the second end of the first energy-storage units；Second end of the first diode is as the first energy storage
3rd end of unit.
Three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described
Second energy-storage units includes the second low-ohmic switches, the second diode and electric capacity；
First end of described second low-ohmic switches is as the first end of the second energy-storage units, for the of connection count decoding circuit
Two outfans, the second end is as the second end of the second energy-storage units, the 3rd end ground connection；First end of the second diode and electric capacity
First end is connected, and it connects the end the 3rd end as the second energy-storage units, the second end ground connection of the second diode；The second of electric capacity
End is used for connecting excitation coil.
Three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that magnetic strength
First axle probe of meter is non-coplanar orthogonal with the second axle probe, and pops one's head in and the second axle probe iron core midpoint with described first axle
Line is vertical；3rd axle probe is arranged on the extended line of the first axle probe and the second axle probe iron core midpoint line.
Three axle decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero point measuring circuits the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Zero point circuit of measurement and control includes two groups of switches；Under the control of microprocessing unit, make described signal by the switching of two groups of switches
The two ends of coil are swung to, and measure and swing to forward and backward output voltage values, according to described output voltage values measuring circuit zero point.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610767807.7A CN106324542B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of three axis decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero measuring circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610767807.7A CN106324542B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of three axis decoupling self-regulated Zero flux flux gate magnetometer zero measuring circuit |
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| CN106324542A true CN106324542A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106324542B CN106324542B (en) | 2018-11-09 |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109581262A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-04-05 | 李涛 | A kind of CCY-2 type magnetometer measurement accuracy detection device and its application method |
| CN110907875A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 北京东方计量测试研究所 | Hall current sensor calibration device and method |
| CN113075605A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Zero offset calibration method for magnetic modulation DCCT |
| CN113281553A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 上海电机学院 | Weak direct current detection system and method based on fluxgate |
| CN113532555A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-10-22 | 上海肯特仪表股份有限公司 | Low-power consumption electromagnetic water meter |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109581262A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-04-05 | 李涛 | A kind of CCY-2 type magnetometer measurement accuracy detection device and its application method |
| CN109581262B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-08-31 | 李涛 | CCY-2 type magnetism measuring instrument measurement accuracy detection device and use method thereof |
| CN110907875A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 北京东方计量测试研究所 | Hall current sensor calibration device and method |
| CN110907875B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-08-17 | 北京东方计量测试研究所 | Hall current sensor calibration device and method |
| CN113532555A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-10-22 | 上海肯特仪表股份有限公司 | Low-power consumption electromagnetic water meter |
| CN113075605A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Zero offset calibration method for magnetic modulation DCCT |
| CN113075605B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2023-10-27 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Zero-point deviation calibration method for magnetic modulation DCCT |
| CN113281553A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 上海电机学院 | Weak direct current detection system and method based on fluxgate |
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|---|---|
| CN106324542B (en) | 2018-11-09 |
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