CN106324505A - Motor harmonic wave analysis method - Google Patents

Motor harmonic wave analysis method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106324505A
CN106324505A CN201611027327.3A CN201611027327A CN106324505A CN 106324505 A CN106324505 A CN 106324505A CN 201611027327 A CN201611027327 A CN 201611027327A CN 106324505 A CN106324505 A CN 106324505A
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harmonic
motor
magnetic field
harmonic wave
air gap
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赖文海
黄开胜
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Guangdong University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/16Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a motor harmonic wave analysis method, wherein the method comprises the steps of acquiring a motor stator magnetic field distribution diagram; describing a circle in a motor air gap in a stator magnetic field distribution diagram to obtain an air gap magnetic wave and dense wave diagram; according to the air gap magnetic wave and dense wave diagram, analyzing the harmonic wave of the stator magnetic field; calculating the pole pairs, frequency and amplitude percentage of the harmonic wave of the stator magnetic field according to harmonic wave analysis results. In the method, harmonic wave analysis is directly executed to motor magnetic field distribution by a numerical method, and namely harmonic wave analysis is executed to the air gap magnetic wave and dense wave diagram to obtain the pole pairs, frequency and amplitude percentage of the harmonic wave of the stator magnetic field; an error caused by iron core saturation is directly eliminated by magnetic field harmonic components obtained from magnetic field distribution; meanwhile the method is applicable to a conventional winding and an unconventional winding, and namely the method is suitable for analyzing the magnetic field generated winding magnetic potential and a permanent magnet.

Description

A kind of motor harmonic analysis method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the frequency analysis technical field of motor, more particularly, it relates to a kind of motor frequency analysis Method.
Background technology
Harmonic field is the key factor affecting motor performance, and harmonic field produces loss in the motor, harmonic wave The loss that magnetic field produces is incorporated into as added losses, and IEC standard " specifies " to be motor the added losses of threephase asynchronous The 0.5% of input power, harmonic field is the main cause producing threephase asynchronous electromagnetic noise again, reduces phase asynchronous The electromagnetic noise of motor is hot issue the most urgently to be resolved hurrily.As a example by threephase asynchronous, symmetrical three-phase alternating current Producing circular rotating magnetic potential during stream inflow motor symmetry three-phase alternating current winding (stator winding), magnetic potential produces magnetic field, namely Saying, the magnetic field of threephase asynchronous is produced by three-phase alternating current winding magnetic potential.So, traditional method is crossing from analyzing three Stream winding magnetic potential spreads to the magnetic field of threephase asynchronous, spreads to the humorous of magnetic field from the harmonic component (including fundamental magnetic potential) of magnetic potential Wave component (includes fundamental wave magnetic field), replaces magnetic field harmonics analysis with the harmonics of magnetic force analysis, to such an extent as to the harmonics of magnetic force analysis and magnetic Field frequency analysis is referred to as frequency analysis.
But, there is obvious defect in traditional method: on the one hand, for conventional winding, such as 60 degree facies tract integer grooves around Group, can obtain an expression formula calculating harmonic magnetic potential amplitude, but for unconventional winding, such as " do not wait circle quasi sine around Group ", it is impossible to obtain an expression formula calculating harmonic magnetic potential amplitude;On the other hand, owing to not accounting for motor iron-core material The impact of the non-linear nature of (stalloy), i.e. core sataration.The non-linear harmonic magnetic potential amplitude that not only affects of core material is with humorous The relation of ripple magnetic field amplitude, and harmonic field component, such as core sataration can be changed and can increase by 3 subharmonic magnetic-field components.
Therefore, how to obtain the expression formula of the harmonic magnetic potential amplitude of unconventional winding, eliminate what core sataration brought simultaneously Harmonic field error is those skilled in the art's urgency technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of motor harmonic analysis method, is possible not only to unconventional The magnetic field of winding carries out frequency analysis, additionally it is possible to eliminate the harmonic field error that the non-linear nature of core material brings.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of motor harmonic analysis method, including:
Obtain the stator field scattergram of motor;
Motor air gap in described stator field scattergram is drawn circle, obtains the close oscillogram of air gap magnetic wave;
According to described air gap magnetic density waveform figure, stator field is carried out frequency analysis, calculate stator according to frequency analysis result Magnetic field harmonics number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio.
Preferably, in above-mentioned motor harmonic analysis method, according to described air gap magnetic density waveform figure, stator field is entered Row frequency analysis, obtains stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio, specifically includes:
Described stator field is carried out Fourier transformation, obtains the harmonic wave block diagram of stator field;
The abscissa x that a pair pole harmonic wave of harmonic wave block diagram record according to described stator field is corresponding1:Its In, R is the radius drawing round circle in described motor air gap;
According to the abscissa x that the pair of pole harmonic wave is corresponding1Calculate the vp abscissa x corresponding to pole harmonic waveυp:
The first-harmonic number of pole-pairs in described motor air gap magnetic field is p.
Preferably, in above-mentioned motor harmonic analysis method, described according to described air gap magnetic density waveform figure to stator magnet Field carries out frequency analysis, also includes:
Harmonic wave block diagram record fundamental wave magnetic field amplitude B according to described stator field1, υ subharmonic magnetic field amplitude BυHarmonic wave width Value Kυ′。
Preferably, in above-mentioned motor harmonic analysis method, described humorous according to frequency analysis result calculating stator field Ripple number of pole-pairs, overtone order, specifically include:
The abscissa x corresponding to pole harmonic wave to described vpυpDoing mathematics converts, and obtains described stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs vp And overtone order v:
υ p = x υ p x 1 , υ = υ p p .
Preferably, in above-mentioned motor harmonic analysis method, described according to frequency analysis result calculating harmonic amplitude hundred Proportion by subtraction specifically includes:
According to described fundamental wave magnetic field amplitude B1, described υ subharmonic magnetic field amplitude BυHarmonic amplitude K 'υ, calculate harmonic amplitude hundred Proportion by subtraction K 'υ:
K υ ′ = B υ B 1 × 100 % .
From technique scheme it can be seen that a kind of motor harmonic analysis method provided by the present invention, including: obtain The stator field scattergram of motor;Motor air gap in described stator field scattergram is drawn circle, obtains air gap magnetic wave Close oscillogram;According to described air gap magnetic wave close oscillogram, stator field is carried out frequency analysis, obtain stator field harmonic wave the most right Number, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio.
Owing to conventional harmonic analysis is to use magnetic potential to replace the frequency analysis in magnetic field, have ignored the impact of core sataration, And the present invention uses the numerical method Distribution of Magnetic Field directly to motor to carry out frequency analysis, first air gap magnetic density waveform figure is carried out Frequency analysis, obtains stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio, i.e. obtaining from Distribution of Magnetic Field The harmonic component in magnetic field, eliminates the error that core sataration brings, meanwhile, a kind of motor frequency analysis side that the present invention provides Method is not only suitable for conventional winding, is also applied for unconventional winding, is not only suitable for analyzing the magnetic field that winding magnetic potential produces, is also applied for Analyze the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing In having technology to describe, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only this Inventive embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to The accompanying drawing provided obtains other accompanying drawing.
A kind of motor harmonic analysis method schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The motor stator magnetic field magnetic line scattergram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Motor stator magnetic field magnetic line that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and magnetic field position mark schematic diagram;
The motor air gap magnetic flux density waveforms figure that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
P=4, Z=48, y1=5, the 60 degree of facies tract threephase asynchronous stator magnet that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention Field harmonic wave block diagram (during iron core unsaturation);
The harmonic wave of p=4, Z=48, y1=5, the 60 degree of facies tract threephase asynchronous that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention Analysis result (during iron core unsaturation);
P=4, Z=48, y1=5, the 60 degree of facies tract threephase asynchronous stator magnet that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention Field harmonic wave block diagram (during core sataration);
P=4, Z=48, y1=5, the 60 degree of facies tract threephase asynchronous iron core that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention is satisfied The frequency analysis result (during core sataration) of sum;
Wherein, p is the first-harmonic number of pole-pairs in motor air gap magnetic field;Z is the groove number of stator core;Y1 is the pitch of coil (span), vp is magnetic field harmonics number of pole-pairs, and v is the harmonics of magnetic force number of times, Kυ' magnetic field harmonics coefficient, KυFor the harmonics of magnetic force coefficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to a kind of motor harmonic analysis method schematic diagram that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 provide for the embodiment of the present invention.
In a kind of specific embodiment, it is provided that a kind of motor harmonic analysis method, including:
Step S1: obtain the stator field scattergram of motor;
As in figure 2 it is shown, the motor stator magnetic field magnetic line scattergram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
ANSYS Emag electromagnetic-field simulation method is utilized to obtain the stator field scattergram of motor, concrete for stator magnet Magnetic line of force scattergram, it is possible to performance magnetic induction line distribution clearly, it is simple to follow-up define motor air gap.
Step S2: draw circle in the motor air gap in described stator field scattergram, obtain air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
As it is shown on figure 3, the motor stator magnetic field position mark schematic diagram that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig. 4 institute Show, the motor air gap magnetic flux density waveforms figure that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.Owing between motor stator and rotor being existence Relative motion, separated by a distance between stator and rotor, the medium between them is air, and air gap refers to from fixed Sub space between rotor.In motor air gap, draw circle, as the tick lables of the air-gap field distribution of stator, obtain gas Gap magnetic flux density waveforms figure.
Step S3: according to described air gap magnetic wave close oscillogram, stator field is carried out frequency analysis, obtain stator field humorous Ripple number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio.
P=4, Z=48, y1=5, the 60 degree of facies tract threephase asynchronous stator magnet that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention Field harmonic wave block diagram (during iron core unsaturation);P=4, Z=48, y1=5, the 60 degree of facies tract three that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention The frequency analysis result (during iron core unsaturation) of phase asynchronous motor, wherein, p is the first-harmonic number of pole-pairs in motor air gap magnetic field, Z For the groove number of stator core, y1 is the pitch (span) of coil, when first analyzing iron core unsaturation, and stator field harmonic wave block diagram And frequency analysis result.
Refering to Fig. 7 and 8, p=4, Z=48, the y1=5 that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, 60 degree of facies tracts are phase asynchronous Motor stator magnetic field harmonics block diagram (during core sataration);P=4, Z=48, the y1=5 that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, The frequency analysis result (during core sataration) of 60 degree of facies tract threephase asynchronous core satarations.
With first-harmonic number of pole-pairs for 4, stator core slot numerical digit 48, and the pitch of coil is to illustrate as a example by 5.First root During according to iron core unsaturation, stator field harmonic wave block diagram and frequency analysis result, carry out Fourier transformation to stator field, Obtain the harmonic wave block diagram of stator field as described in Figure 7, determine stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic wave width Value percentage ratio, obtains the frequency analysis result during core sataration of Fig. 8 further.Unshakable in one's determination saturated time stator field exist 3 times humorous Wave component and the odd-multiple harmonic component for several times of 3.
Owing to conventional harmonic analysis is to use magnetic potential to replace the frequency analysis in magnetic field, have ignored the impact of core sataration, And the present invention uses the numerical method Distribution of Magnetic Field directly to motor to carry out frequency analysis, first air gap magnetic density waveform figure is carried out Frequency analysis, obtains stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio, i.e. obtaining from Distribution of Magnetic Field The harmonic component in magnetic field, eliminates the error that core sataration brings, meanwhile, a kind of motor frequency analysis side that the present invention provides Method is not only suitable for conventional winding, is also applied for unconventional winding, is not only suitable for analyzing the magnetic field that winding magnetic potential produces, is also applied for Analyze the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces.
Further, in above-mentioned motor harmonic analysis method, according to described air gap magnetic density waveform figure to stator field Carry out frequency analysis, obtain stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio, specifically include:
Described stator field is carried out Fourier transformation, obtains the harmonic wave block diagram of stator field;
The abscissa x that a pair pole harmonic wave of harmonic wave block diagram record according to described stator field is corresponding1:Its In, R is the radius drawing round circle in described motor air gap;
According to the abscissa x that the pair of pole harmonic wave is corresponding1Calculate the vp abscissa x corresponding to pole harmonic waveυp:
The first-harmonic number of pole-pairs in described motor air gap magnetic field is p.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, described according to described air gap magnetic density waveform figure, stator field carried out harmonic wave and divide Analysis, also includes:
Harmonic wave block diagram record fundamental wave magnetic field amplitude B according to described stator field1, υ subharmonic magnetic field amplitude BυHarmonic wave width Value K 'υ
Wherein, Distribution of Magnetic Field can obtain number of times and the amplitude of each harmonic after Fourier transformation, this time-harmonic wave Number is indefinite, it is first determined overtone order, then obtains the corresponding relation of overtone order and amplitude.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, calculate stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, harmonic wave according to frequency analysis result Number and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio, specifically include:
The abscissa x corresponding to pole harmonic wave to described vpυpDoing mathematics converts, and obtains described stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs vp And overtone order v:
υ p = x υ p x 1 , υ = υ p p .
Further, according to described fundamental wave magnetic field amplitude B1, described υ subharmonic magnetic field amplitude BυHarmonic amplitude K 'υ, calculate Harmonic amplitude percentage ratio K 'υ:
K υ ′ = B υ B 1 × 100 % .
The present invention provides a kind of motor harmonic analysis method, is possible not only to that the magnetic field of unconventional winding is carried out harmonic wave and divides Analysis, additionally it is possible to eliminate the harmonic field error that the non-linear nature of core material brings.
In this specification, each embodiment uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and other The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment, identical similar portion sees mutually.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention. Multiple amendment to these embodiments will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can realize without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one The widest scope caused.

Claims (5)

1. a motor harmonic analysis method, it is characterised in that including:
Obtain the stator field scattergram of motor;
Motor air gap in described stator field scattergram is drawn circle, obtains air gap magnetic density waveform figure;
According to described air gap magnetic density waveform figure, stator field is carried out frequency analysis, determine stator field according to frequency analysis result Harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, overtone order and harmonic amplitude percentage ratio.
2. motor harmonic analysis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that according to described air gap magnetic density waveform figure pair Stator field carries out frequency analysis, specifically includes:
Described stator field is carried out Fourier transformation, obtains the harmonic wave block diagram of stator field;
The abscissa x that a pair pole harmonic wave of harmonic wave block diagram record according to described stator field is corresponding1:Wherein, R is Described motor air gap is drawn the radius of round circle;
According to the abscissa x that the pair of pole harmonic wave is corresponding1Calculate the vp abscissa x corresponding to pole harmonic waveυp:
The first-harmonic number of pole-pairs in described motor air gap magnetic field is p.
3. motor harmonic analysis method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described according to described air gap magnetic density waveform Figure carries out frequency analysis to stator field, also includes:
Harmonic wave block diagram record fundamental wave magnetic field amplitude B according to described stator field1, υ subharmonic magnetic field amplitude BυHarmonic amplitude K′υ
4. motor harmonic analysis method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described according to the calculating of frequency analysis result Stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs, overtone order specifically include:
The abscissa x corresponding to pole harmonic wave to described vpυpDoing mathematics convert, obtain described stator field harmonic wave number of pole-pairs vp and Overtone order v:
υ p = x υ p x 1 , υ = υ p p .
5. motor harmonic analysis method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described according to the calculating of frequency analysis result Harmonic amplitude percentage ratio specifically includes:
According to described fundamental wave magnetic field amplitude B1, described υ subharmonic magnetic field amplitude BυHarmonic amplitude K 'υ, calculate harmonic amplitude percentage ratio K′υ:
K υ ′ = B υ B 1 × 100 % .
CN201611027327.3A 2016-11-17 2016-11-17 Motor harmonic wave analysis method Pending CN106324505A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107703488A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-02-16 中国舰船研究设计中心 A kind of humorous clutter emission analysis method of phased array
CN107834731A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-03-23 华北电力大学 The fast separating process of induction electromotor rotor side electromagnetic quantities harmonic wave based on splicing method
CN108959819A (en) * 2018-07-27 2018-12-07 国家电网有限公司 A kind of the unit motor choosing method and device of unconventional winding electric machine
CN113281567A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-20 江苏大学 Virtual winding-based permanent magnet motor air gap field harmonic separation method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107703488A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-02-16 中国舰船研究设计中心 A kind of humorous clutter emission analysis method of phased array
CN107834731A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-03-23 华北电力大学 The fast separating process of induction electromotor rotor side electromagnetic quantities harmonic wave based on splicing method
CN107834731B (en) * 2017-11-07 2019-10-22 华北电力大学 The fast separating process of induction electromotor rotor side electromagnetic quantities harmonic wave based on splicing method
CN108959819A (en) * 2018-07-27 2018-12-07 国家电网有限公司 A kind of the unit motor choosing method and device of unconventional winding electric machine
CN113281567A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-20 江苏大学 Virtual winding-based permanent magnet motor air gap field harmonic separation method
CN113281567B (en) * 2021-04-30 2022-06-21 江苏大学 Virtual winding-based permanent magnet motor air gap field harmonic separation method

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Application publication date: 20170111