CN106321897B - One kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices - Google Patents
One kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN106321897B CN106321897B CN201610711950.4A CN201610711950A CN106321897B CN 106321897 B CN106321897 B CN 106321897B CN 201610711950 A CN201610711950 A CN 201610711950A CN 106321897 B CN106321897 B CN 106321897B
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- rotor
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- cone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
- F16K11/083—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with tapered plug
- F16K11/0836—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with tapered plug having all the connecting conduits situated in more than one plane perpendicular to the axis of the plug
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices, including two stators, a rotor and cone sealing;Rotor is cylinder tapered cylindrical body structure, is rotatably arranged in the space surrounded by two stators;First stator interior is provided with 4 layers of passage, 4 layers of passage are set in cone seals, every layer of port number is 4n(n=1,2,3…);4 layers of access portal are set on rotor circular conical surface, and every layer of access portal number is 4n(n=1,2,3…);The passage in passage, cone sealing in first stator corresponds with the access portal on rotor circular conical surface;The passage of upper strata and lower floor in channel logic connection stator in rotor circular cone.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices, and it is used for plurality of liquid through each independent stream
Road direction each directionally carries out water conservancy diversion to independent target.
Background technology
Multiple valve with plurality of liquid periodicity directional stream-guidance function, during physics, chemistry and chromatography
Have a wide range of applications.
Nineteen fifty-three, United States Patent (USP) US2706532 disclose the structure of first multiple valve, and it is structurally characterized in that:(1)
Including two discoid stators and a cylindrical rotor, the diversity passage and confession apocenosis passage of stator are respectively positioned on same stator
It is interior;(2) rotor channel connects with tones opening and supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel are all located at the both ends of the surface of rotor, rotor with
It is closed by two flat seals between stator.
Nineteen fifty-nine, Uop Inc. of the U.S. disclosed the structure (US3040777) of the multiple valve of first listing, its structure
Feature is:It is closed by a flat seal between rotor and stator including a discoid stator and a disc-like rotor,
Supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel is distributed with one heart in a plane.
Uop Inc. of the U.S. in 1986 discloses a comparatively ideal multiple valve structure (US4569371), and its structure is special
Putting is:(1) three cylinder tube shape stators and a cylindrical rotor are included, stator diversity passage is located at the big stator of mid diameter
On, stator supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel is located on less two stators of both ends diameter;Rotor channel be located at two ends of rotor diameter compared with
In small cylinder, the opening that rotor channel connects with tones is positioned at the face of cylinder of the larger cylinder of rotor mid diameter
On.(2) three face of cylinder sealings are formed between rotor and stator, sealing relies on the elastic force of access portal inner spring.
Uop Inc. of the U.S. in 1986 discloses another comparatively ideal multiple valve structure (US4574840), its structure with
(US4569371) structure is similar disclosed in, and difference is:Sealing between rotor channel and stator diversity passage is by cylinder
Face sealing is changed to flat seal, and one rotor of armature spindle is divided into two rotors.
2004, Puritech companies disclosed the multiple valve structure (US6802970) of the 3rd listing, its structure
Feature is:(1) two disc stators, a cylinder tube shape stator and a cylindrical rotor are included, rotor is fixed positioned at three
In the space that son surrounds;Stator is located on two disc stators at both ends for apocenosis passage, and stator diversity passage is located at middle part
On cylinder tube shape stator;Supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel is located between two end faces of rotor and two disc stators;Rotor channel with
The opening of stator diversity passage connection is on the cylinder or circular conical surface of rotor.(2) three sealings are formed between rotor and stator:
Two flat seals and the face of cylinder (or circular conical surface) sealing.
It is valve its sealing side during stepping the defects of US4574840 and US4569371 structure in above-mentioned patent
Instantaneous leakage of backflowing be present in formula.It is the defects of structure disclosed in US3040777, US5676826 and US6802970, with logical
Road quantity increase or/and the increase of channel diameter, the diameter and sealing area of valve, which will increased dramatically, and manufacture and seal etc., all will
Face a severe challenge.Such as 7 passage, 24 mouthfuls of US3040777 valves (5 reactors), maximum rotor diameter can only be to 4.5 at present
Foot, 8.5 × 8.5 square feet of this valve floor space is high 15 feet, and 26,000 weigh pound.The functional defect of these structures
It is:(1) due to the introducing of supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel, the logical relation that technique determines can only be solidificated in the channel design of rotor,
This structure belongs to customization application specific architecture, and without flexibility and versatility, i.e. the valve for A products cannot be used for B products, for A1
The valve of product cannot be used for A2 products, and valve of the A products under P-condition can not be used in Q conditions;(2) asynchronous can not change, to anti-
Answer that the uniformity requirements between device are high, and system is difficult to intellectuality, easily collapse.
Nineteen ninety-five, U.S. Advanced Separation Technologies Incorporated disclose first
Multiple valve structure (US5676826, and second listing multiple valve) without supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel, the structure is by one
Stator and a rotor are formed:Passage on stator be used for for the connection between apocenosis passage or reaction, the passage on rotor
For being connected with reaction, the function of supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel is completed by reactor and rotor synchronous rotary.
1986 Nian Guo Uop Inc. disclose second multiple valve structure (US4632149) without supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel,
The structure is made up of a stator and a rotor:Passage on stator is used to connect with for apocenosis passage or reactor, or instead
Answer the connection between device, the passage on rotor, which is used to connect on stator, supplies apocenosis passage and reactor.
Gulf Sea Ventures LLC companies disclose the 3rd multiple valve without supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel within 2013
Structure (US8459302), combination of the structure equivalent to two US4632149 structures:It is made up of two stators and two rotors,
Passage on stator is used to connect with for apocenosis passage or reactor, or the connection between reactor, and the passage on rotor is used for
Connect and supply apocenosis passage and reactor on stator.
Multiple valve without supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel be given to such valve flexibility, can asynchronised handover, effectively overcome
The functional defect of foregoing multiple valve.Regrettably, it is synchronous with valve rotation to face reactor for US5676826 structures, and reaction
Load limit of device rotating support etc. is challenged;The defects of US4632149 structures be with number of channels increase or/and passage is straight
The increase in footpath, the diameter and sealing area of valve will increased dramatically.Three kinds of multiple valves without supply and discharge liquid circumferential channel it is common
Defect is:All be flat seal, manufacture and sealing etc. will all face a severe challenge, particularly for high-pressure fluid when.
In summary, physics, chemistry and chromatogram association area active demand diameter body is smaller, weight is lighter, can accommodate more
Multichannel or/and larger diameter passage, sealing area are small, sealing is easily more reliable, flexible function, versatile multichannel
Rotary valve.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of diameter body is smaller, weight is lighter, can accommodate more multichannel
And/or larger diameter passage, sealing area are small, the easily more reliable, flexible function of sealing, the versatile multiple fluid cycle
Property directional stream-guidance device.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme:One kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices,
It is characterized in that:Including two stators, a rotor and a cone sealing;In two stators, one of stator
Referred to as the first stator, another stator include flange components and heavy wall duct member, referred to as the second stator;The rotor be cylinder-
Circular cone-cylindrical structure, it is rotatably arranged in the space surrounded by two stators, is positioned by bearing;The cone is close
Envelope is positioned between first stator and the conus portion of the rotor by second stator;On second stator
Hold-down bolt borrows thrust bearing and close first stator of butterfly spring, the cone sealing and rotor.
First stator interior is provided with four layers of passage;Every layer contains 4n (n=1,2,3 ...) bar passage, 4n bar passages
It is radial to be uniformly distributed in the same section of first stator;Every passage forms two in first stator surface
Individual opening:One opening is located at the lateral surface of first stator, wherein, the lateral surface opening of intermediate layer passage is used for and reaction
Device (target) connection, the lateral surface opening of two layers of both ends passage with solution feed pump or discharge opeing storage tank for being connected or for reacting
Contact or and connect between device;Another opening is located at first stator towards leading in the side of the rotor, with the sealing
The opening of road and the rotor surface is corresponding.
Four layers of passage are internally provided with the cone sealing, every layer contains 4n (n=1,2,3 ...) bar passage, 4n bars
Passage is radial to be uniformly distributed in the same section of the sealing;Every passage forms two in the sealing surfaces and opened
Mouthful:One opening is located at the lateral surface of the sealing, corresponding with the inner surface opening of described first stator interior, four layers of passage, separately
One opening is formed together positioned at the sealing towards the side of the rotor, and along up time or inverse time direction extension (π × r)/4n
Heart arc groove, concentric arc groove can be corresponding with the outer surface opening of described four layers of passage of internal rotor in the range of (π × r)/4n.
The rotor surface is provided with four layers of access portal, every layer contains 4n (n=1,2,3 ...) individual opening, 4n opening
It is radial to be uniformly distributed in the same section outer surface of the rotor;4n (n=1,2,3 ...) bar is provided with the rotor
Passage, the connected relation of the rotor internal channel and surface opening are:Most last layer " 1 " number mouth and sublevel " 1 " number, most last layer
" 2 " number mouth and sublevel " 4n " number mouth, most last layer " 3 " number mouth and sublevel " 4n-1 " number mouth, and so on;The bottom " 1 " number mouth
With last layer " 1 " number mouth, the bottom " 2 " number mouth and last layer " 4n " number mouth, the bottom " 3 " number mouth and last layer " 4n-1 " number
Mouthful, and so on.
The cone sealing, taper is 5 °~70 °, is preferred with 30 °~40 °, the cone of the sealing surface of first stator
Degree can greater than, equal to or less than the rotor sealing surface taper.
Present invention additionally comprises axle, one end of axle is connected with the cylinder of described rotor one end, and the other end of axle passes through decelerator
It is connected with motor or cylinder, to drive the rotor to realize, stepping rotates.
If counterclockwise setting each access portal, during " 0 " position, most last layer " 1 " number mouth and sublevel " 1 " number, the bottom
" 1 " number mouth connects with last layer " 1 " number mouth ...;When the rotor inverse time, rotation stepped to " 1 " position, most last layer " 1 " number
Mouth connects with sublevel " 2 " number, the bottom " 1 " number mouth with last layer " 2 " number mouth ...;When stepping to " 2 " position by " 1 " position again,
Most last layer " 1 " number mouth connects with sublevel " 3 " number, the bottom " 1 " number mouth with last layer " 3 " number mouth;That is, the inverse time of described rotor
Stepping rotates, and is equivalent to the up time stepping rotation of reactor.
The material of the sealing is (but being not limited to) rubber (nitrile rubber, fluorubber, silicon rubber, polyacrylate rubber
Glue, EP rubbers, canvas filler rubber), it is polyurethane, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, polypropylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, poly-
PVF, PEEK etc., and its composite.
The making material of the stator and the rotor is (but not limited to) titanium, stainless steel, Cr systems (400 series), Cr-Ni
The metal materials such as system's (300 series), Cr-Mn-Ni systems (200 series) and its precipitation-hardening series, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, poly- second
The plastics such as alkene, polypropylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, PEEK, and the composite of plastic overmold metal.
Described reactor is hollow container, and container inner stuffing is the various chromatograph packing materials that (but not limited to) needs to regenerate
(such as silica gel, bonded silica gel, polymer, biogum), adsorbent, catalyst, filter medium etc., and need timed periodic more
Change the immobilized primer of the liquid-solid reaction of liquid phase reactor thing.
For the present invention due to taking above technical scheme, it has advantages below:The present invention arranges stator liquid feeding channel, stator
Liquid passage, stator distribution channel and stator Integration tunnel are distributed in the different region in space, will be for radiuses such as, discharge opeing circumferential channels
Coaxial arrangement, there is provided a kind of diameter body is smaller, weight is lighter, can accommodate more multichannel and/or larger diameter passage, sealing surface
Product is small, sealing is easier more reliable fluid directional stream-guidance device, can meet the practical need of physics, chemistry and chromatogram association area
Ask.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is elevational schematic of the present invention along rotor axial;
Fig. 2 is the plane setting figure of the second stator of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of entrance reactor and the second stator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the plane setting figure that the present invention seals;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that rotor internal channel of the present invention is connected with surface opening.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention includes stator 11,12 and rotor 13, one of stator is referred to as the first stator 11, second
Stator 12 includes a flange components 14 and a heavy wall duct member 15;Rotor 13 is the knot of cylinder 16- circular cone 17- cylinders 18
Structure, rotor 13 are positioned at the first stator 11 and the second stator 12 by bearing 19 and 20, are rotatably arranged in by the first stator
11 and second in the space that surrounds of stator 12;Sealing 21 is provided between rotor 13 and stator, sealing 21 is by the circle on the second stator
Ring 22 positions;Hold-down bolt 23 borrows thrust bearing 24 and close first stator 11 of butterfly spring 25, sealing 21 and rotor circular cone 17.
Four layers of passage 26,27,28 and 29 are internally provided with the first stator 11;Every layer of passage contains 12 passages, and 12 logical
In the radial section for being uniformly distributed in the first stator 11 in road (as shown in Figure 2);Every passage is in the table of the first stator 11
Face forms two openings:One opening is located at the lateral surface of the first stator 11, wherein the lateral surface opening of 27 and 28 layers of passage is used
Be connected in reactor (target), the lateral surface opening of 26 and 29 layers of passage be used to be connected with solution feed pump or discharge opeing storage tank or
For series winding between reactor or and even;Another opening positioned at the first stator towards the side of rotor 13, with sealing internal channel and
The opening of rotor surface is corresponding (as shown in figures 1 and 3).
Four layers of passage 30,31,32 and 33 are internally provided with sealing 21;Every layer of passage contains 12 passages, and 12 passages are in
It is radial to be uniformly distributed in a section of sealing 21 (as shown in Figure 4);Every passage forms two on 21 surfaces of sealing and opened
Mouthful:One opening is opened positioned at the lateral surface of sealing 21 with the inner surface of the four layers of passage 26,27,28 and 29 in the inside of the first stator 11
Mouth is corresponding, and another is open positioned at sealing 21 towards the side of rotor 13, and is formed with one heart along 15 ° of up time or inverse time direction extension
Arc groove, concentric arc groove can be corresponding with the outer surface opening of the four layers of passage 34,35,36 and 37 in the inside of rotor 13 in the range of 15 °
(as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5).
Four layers of access portal 34,35,36 and 37 are provided with the surface of rotor 13, every layer is in containing 12 openings, 12 openings
The radial section outer surface for being uniformly distributed in rotor 13;Be provided with 12 passages in rotor 13, the internal channel of rotor 13 with
The connected relation of surface opening is:351 and 341,352 and 3412,353 and 3411,354 and 3410,355 and 349,356 with
348th, 357 and 347,358 and 346,359 and 345,3510 and 344,3511 and 343,3512 and 342;371 and 361,372 with
3612nd, 373 and 3611,374 and 3610,375 and 369,376 and 368,377 and 367,378 and 366,379 and 365,3710 with
364th, 3711 and 363,3712 and 362 (as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 3).
In above-described embodiment, the taper of the sealing surface of the second stator 11 is 40 °, and the taper of the sealing surface of rotor 13 is 30 °.
In above-mentioned implementation, in addition to axle (not shown), one end of axle are connected with the cylinder 18 of rotor 13, axle it is another
End is connected by decelerator with motor or cylinder, and to drive rotor 13 to realize, stepping rotates.
During " 0 " position, 341 connect with 351,371 with 361 ...;When the inverse time of rotor 13 of the present invention, rotation steps to " 1 " position
When, 341 connect with 352,371 with 362 ...;When stepping to " 2 " position by " 1 " position again, 341 and 353,371 and 363 connect
It is logical ...;That is, the inverse time stepping rotation of rotor 13 of the present invention, it is equivalent to the up time stepping rotation of reactor.
In above-described embodiment, it is (nitrile rubber, fluorubber, silicon rubber, poly- for (but being not limited to) rubber to seal 21 material
ACM, EP rubbers, canvas filler rubber), polyurethane, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, polypropylene, super high molecular weight
Polyethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, PEEK etc., and its composite.
In above-described embodiment, stator 11 and 12, and the making material of rotor 13 is (but not limited to) titanium, stainless steel, Cr
The metal materials such as system's (400 series), Cr-Ni systems (300 series), Cr-Mn-Ni systems (200 series) and its precipitation-hardening series, gather
The plastics such as acid amides, polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, polypropylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, PEEK, and plastic overmold gold
The composite of category.
In above-described embodiment, reactor is hollow container, and container inner stuffing regenerates various for (but not limited to) needs
Chromatograph packing material (such as silica gel, bonded silica gel, polymer, biogum), adsorbent, catalyst, filter medium etc., and need timing
The immobilized primer of the liquid-solid reaction of periodic replacement liquid phase reactor thing.
The present invention is only illustrated with above-described embodiment, and structure, set location and its connection of each part are all to have
Changed.On the basis of technical solution of the present invention, all improvement carried out according to the principle of the invention to individual part or equivalent
Conversion, should not be excluded outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices, it is characterised in that:Including two stators, a rotor and a circle
Cone seal;In two stators, one of stator is referred to as the first stator, and another stator includes flange components and heavy wall
Duct member, referred to as the second stator;The rotor is cylinder-circular cone-cylindrical structure, is rotatably arranged on and is enclosed by two stators
Into space in, positioned by bearing;The cone is sealed between first stator and the conus portion of the rotor, by
The second stator positioning;Hold-down bolt on second stator borrows thrust bearing and butterfly spring close first stator, institute
State cone sealing and the rotor;
First stator interior is provided with four layers of passage;Every layer of passage of bar containing 4n, 4n bar passages are radial to be uniformly distributed
In in the same section of first stator;Every passage forms two openings in first stator surface:One opening
Positioned at the lateral surface of first stator, wherein, the lateral surface opening of middle two layers of passage is used to be connected with reactor, both ends two
The lateral surface opening of layer passage is used to be connected with solution feed pump or discharge opeing storage tank or for series winding between reactor or and even;Another
Opening is located at opening of first stator towards the passage in the side of the rotor, with the sealing and the rotor surface
It is corresponding;
It is radial uniformly in the four layers of passage that are internally provided with of the cone sealing, every layer of passage of bar containing 4n, 4n bar passages
It is distributed in the same section of the sealing;Every passage forms two openings in the sealing surfaces:One opening is located at
The lateral surface of the sealing, corresponding with the inner surface opening of described first stator interior, four layers of passage, another opening is located at institute
Sealing is stated to extend to form concentric arc groove towards the side of the rotor, and along up time or inverse time direction;In the circular cone of the rotor
The surface in portion is provided with four layers of access portal, and every layer is open containing 4n, and 4n opening is radial to be uniformly distributed in the rotor
Same section outer surface;4n bar passages, the rotor conus portion internal channel and table are provided with the conus portion of the rotor
The connected relation of face opening is:Most last layer " 1 " number mouth and sublevel " 1 " number, most last layer " 2 " number mouth and sublevel " 4n " number mouth,
Most last layer " 3 " number mouth and sublevel " 4n-1 " number mouth, and so on;The bottom " 1 " number mouth and last layer " 1 " number mouth, the bottom
" 2 " number mouth and last layer " 4n " number mouth, the bottom " 3 " number mouth and last layer " 4n-1 " number mouth, and so on, wherein, n=1,2,
3…。
2. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is arranged on the circle
The concentric arc groove that cone seal inner surface connects with the cone sealing internal channel, may also be arranged on the conus portion of the rotor
Outer surface on.
3. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:It is described concentric
The length of arc groove is (π × r)/4n.
4. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The cone is close
Envelope, taper are 5 °~70 °.
5. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:The cone is close
Envelope, taper are 30 °~40 °.
6. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:First stator
Sealing surface taper can greater than, equal to or less than the rotor sealing surface taper.
7. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The cone is close
The material of envelope is one of rubber, polyurethane, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl fluoride, polyether-ether-ketone.
8. one kind of multiple fluid periodicity directional stream-guidance devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Two stators
Material with rotor is the composite of metal material, plastics or plastic overmold metal.
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1571810A (en) * | 1925-03-27 | 1926-02-02 | Roy S Shimp | Valve |
US3800830A (en) * | 1973-01-11 | 1974-04-02 | B Etter | Metering valve |
US3939871A (en) * | 1975-01-28 | 1976-02-24 | Rockwell International Corporation | Burner block assembly |
US6904936B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2005-06-14 | Archidex | Flow-diverting rotary valves of multiple paths |
CN101688618A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2010-03-31 | Bsh博施及西门子家用器具有限公司 | Adjusting device |
-
2016
- 2016-08-24 CN CN201610711950.4A patent/CN106321897B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1571810A (en) * | 1925-03-27 | 1926-02-02 | Roy S Shimp | Valve |
US3800830A (en) * | 1973-01-11 | 1974-04-02 | B Etter | Metering valve |
US3939871A (en) * | 1975-01-28 | 1976-02-24 | Rockwell International Corporation | Burner block assembly |
US6904936B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2005-06-14 | Archidex | Flow-diverting rotary valves of multiple paths |
CN101688618A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2010-03-31 | Bsh博施及西门子家用器具有限公司 | Adjusting device |
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