CN106321562B - A kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method - Google Patents
A kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106321562B CN106321562B CN201610839926.9A CN201610839926A CN106321562B CN 106321562 B CN106321562 B CN 106321562B CN 201610839926 A CN201610839926 A CN 201610839926A CN 106321562 B CN106321562 B CN 106321562B
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- hydraulic cylinder
- rod chamber
- hydraulic
- rodless cavity
- temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method, the hydraulic cylinder temperature compensation means for this method include piston cylinder, piston, end cap, Glais ring, guidance tape and spring；Piston cylinder is cylindric, and the stack shell of one end and piston cylinder integrally manufactures, and another end opening, end cap is mounted on the open end of piston cylinder, and piston is mounted in piston cylinder, and spring is located in piston cylinder, and one end is pressed on piston, and the other end is pressed on end cap.Temperature-compensation method of the invention, apply leveling required precision it is high, for a long time keep, the workplace that circumstance of temperature difference is big, pass through hydraulic cylinder parameter and system operation characteristic, select the pressure compensator of proper area ratio.When variation of ambient temperature, due to expanding with heat and contract with cold, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity pressure change, original equilibrium state is destroyed, hydraulic cylinder has the tendency that stretching or retraction, can autobalance pressure change as caused by temperature change, automatic adjusument equilibrium state remains the extension elongation of initial hydraulic cylinder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic leveling circuit, especially a kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method.
Background technique
Hydraulic leveling circuit is a typical loop in hydraulic system, utilizes four or more hydraulic cylinder implementation mechanisms
Support and level angle adjustment, there is very extensive application in fields such as engineering machinery, defence and militaries.But in circumstance of temperature difference
The larger and more even occasion of oil cylinder uneven heating, hydraulic oil elongate or shorten hydraulic cylinder due to expanding with heat and contract with cold, lead to equipment
Leveling precision is affected, and at present there are mainly three types of solutions, the first is mainly used in leveling the higher field of required precision
It closes, i.e., restarting hydraulic system is leveled again after leveling precision and exceeding prescribed limit；Second scheme is to hydraulic cylinder
It is covered, avoids sun direct irradiation, reduce the circumstance of temperature difference of hydraulic cylinder indirectly；The third is mechanical locking oil cylinder.First
Although kind scheme can solve problem, but readjustment level must interrupt work on hand during the work time, and it is unnecessary to cause
Time waste and the duplication of labour.Second scheme can only alleviate the influence as caused by shining upon, and when environment temperature is whole
Effect is not obvious when body changes.The third scheme is by mechanical structure or high pressure oil locked hydraulic cylinder, although having very high
Precision holding capacity, but structure is complicated, it is at high cost, it is not easy to realize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation methods, and it is multiple to solve existing temperature compensation means structure
It is miscellaneous, at high cost, be not easy problem of implementation.
Specifically, the present invention provides a kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature compensation means method, for the hydraulic cylinder temperature in this method
Spend compensation device, including piston cylinder, piston, end cap and spring；
The piston cylinder is cylindric, and the stack shell of one end and piston cylinder integrally manufactures, another end opening, the end cap installation
In the open end of the piston cylinder, the piston is mounted in piston cylinder, and the spring is located in piston cylinder, and one end is pressed in piston
On, the other end is pressed on end cap.
Further, the stack shell of described piston cylinder one end and piston cylinder integrally manufactures, and is provided with thereon and hydraulic cylinder hydraulic fluid port phase
The hydraulic fluid port of connection, another end opening are threadedly coupled with the end cap.
Further, the piston diameter is identical as piston cylinder, and installation Glais ring and guidance tape are provided on the piston
Groove.
It further, further include Glais ring and guidance tape；The Glais ring is mounted in the Glais ring groove of the piston,
Play sealing, prevents piston cylinder from leaking；The guidance tape is installed in the guidance tape groove of the piston, for being oriented to.
Further, aperture on the end cap exchanges convenient for piston cylinder side where the spring with ambient atmos.
Particularly, the rodless cavity of a kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method using the temperature compensation means, hydraulic cylinder is logical
It crosses hydraulic fluid port and connects a temperature compensation means；The rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder connects another described temperature-compensating by hydraulic fluid port and fills
It sets.
Further, the temperature of the temperature compensation means of the connection liquid cylinder pressure rodless cavity and connection liquid cylinder pressure rod chamber is mended
Repaying device needs to meet:
Wherein: A1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity area；A2Hydraulic cylinder rod chamber area；V1Rodless cavity oil liquid volume；V2There is bar
Chamber oil liquid volume, AaRodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area, AbRod chamber temperature compensation means piston area.
Further, use process are as follows: the rodless cavity and rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder pass through hydraulic fluid port respectively and be connected to temperature-compensating
The hydraulic fluid port of device A and temperature compensation means B；The rodless cavity and rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder pass through pipeline and three position four-way electromagnetic valve respectively
Be connected, connect on the pipeline of rodless cavity setting hydraulic lock A and safety valve A, connect be arranged on the pipeline of rod chamber hydraulic lock B and
Safety valve B；
When the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder needs to stretch out, the position b of three position four-way electromagnetic valve works, and pressure oil is through 3-position 4-way electricity
Magnet valve, hydraulic lock A enter the rodless cavity and temperature compensation means A of hydraulic cylinder；Oil and temperature compensation means B in hydraulic cylinder rod chamber
In oil liquid return to system fuel tank through hydraulic lock B, three position four-way electromagnetic valve；When hydraulic cylinder stretches out in place, 3-position 4-way electromagnetism
Valve returns to middle position, and hydraulic cylinder passes through hydraulic lock A and hydraulic lock B locking；At this point, the rodless cavity and temperature compensation means A of hydraulic cylinder
In pressure it is identical, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber is identical with the pressure in temperature compensation means B；After hydraulic cylinder locking, rod chamber and nothing
Rod cavity forms closing cavity, has at this time:
p1A1-p2A2=FLoad (2)
Wherein, p1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity pressure；A1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity area；p2Hydraulic cylinder rod chamber pressure；A2Liquid
Cylinder pressure rod chamber area；FLoadLoad force；
The pressure of two chambers and the spring force of temperature compensator reach equilibrium state；
When environment temperature increases Δ t, the volume and pressure of hydraulic oil are corresponding in hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity cavity
Variation, original balance are broken,
Rodless cavity pressure increment:
Rod chamber pressure increment:
V1Rodless cavity oil liquid volume；V2Rod chamber oil liquid volume；α-hydraulic oil coefficient of thermal expansion；K- hydraulic oil volume compression
Coefficient, AaRodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area, AbRod chamber temperature compensation means piston area, KSpringThe pressure of spring
Contracting coefficient；
The then pressure difference of rodless cavity and rod chamber are as follows:
Ignore hydraulic oil volume compression coefficient, obtain pressure difference:
Due to hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area ratioTherefore formula (6)
Are as follows:
(p1+Δp′1)A1-(p2+Δp′2)A2=p1A1-p2A2 (7)
It is obtained after then simplifying:
Δp′1A1=Δ p '2A2 (8)
Pressure difference after variation is identical as the pressure difference before temperature change, and hydraulic cylinder is in equilibrium state.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: can effectively solve the problem that temperature change the present invention provides a kind of temperature compensation means
Influence to hydraulic cylinder extension elongation can be widely applied in leveling required precision height, the workplace that need to be kept for a long time.Pass through
Hydraulic cylinder parameter and system operation characteristic select the pressure compensator of proper area ratio, can be realized to temperature change from
Dynamic compensation.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is only used for showing the purpose of specific embodiment, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, in entire attached drawing
In, identical reference symbol indicates identical component.
Fig. 1 is temperature compensation means overall structure figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is temperature compensation means working principle diagram of the invention.
In figure: 1- piston cylinder, 2- piston, 3- end cap, 4- Glais ring, 5- guidance tape, 6- spring, 7- hydraulic cylinder, 8- temperature
Compensation device A, 9- temperature compensation means B, 10- three position four-way electromagnetic valve, 11- hydraulic lock A, 12- hydraulic lock B, 13- safety valve A,
14- safety valve B, a- connect hydraulic fluid port, P- oil inlet, the T- oil return opening of the hydraulic fluid port of rod chamber, b- connection rodless cavity.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature compensation means, as shown in Figure 1, include piston cylinder 1, piston 2, end cap 3,
Glais ring 4, guidance tape 5 and spring 6.
Piston cylinder 1 is cylindrical shape, the stack shell of one end and cylinder integrally manufactures, and is provided with is connected with hydraulic cylinder hydraulic fluid port thereon
Hydraulic fluid port, another end opening is threadedly coupled for installing end cap 3 with end cap 3, easy to disassemble.Piston 2 is mounted in piston cylinder, directly
Diameter is identical as piston cylinder, and the groove of installation Glais ring 4 and guidance tape 5 is provided on piston 2, and Glais ring 4 plays sealing, prevents
Piston cylinder leakage, guidance tape 5 prevent piston cylinder 1 and the abrasion of 2 rigid contact of piston and impurity particle to piston cylinder for being oriented to
1 and Glais ring abrasion.Spring 6 is located in piston cylinder, and one end is pressed on the piston 2, and the other end is pressed on end cap 3.It is opened on end cap 3
Hole exchanges convenient for 6 place piston cylinder of spring, 1 side with ambient atmos.
In use, the temperature compensation means occurs in pairs, as shown in Fig. 2, being separately connected having for hydraulic cylinder in leveling circuit
The chamber of piston rod and the chamber of the piston other end, i.e. rod chamber and rodless cavity.
When hydraulic cylinder works reach a certain stable moment, have
p1A1-p2A2=FLoad (1)
Wherein, p1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity pressure；A1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity area；p2Hydraulic cylinder rod chamber pressure；A2Liquid
Cylinder pressure rod chamber area；FLoadLoad force.
Since hydraulic oil has dilatancy and compressibility, when temperature increases Δ t, in hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity
Closing oil liquid can expand and lead to pressure rise.
Rodless cavity oil liquid volume change:
ΔV1=α Δ tV1 (2)
Rodless cavity oil liquid pressure variable quantity:
Rodless cavity oil liquid volume change:
ΔV2=α Δ tV2 (4)
Rodless cavity oil liquid pressure variable quantity:
In formula (2)-(5), V1Rodless cavity oil liquid volume；V2Rod chamber oil liquid volume；α-hydraulic oil coefficient of thermal expansion；K- liquid
Pressure oil coefficient of bulk compressibility.
By formula (3) and (5) visible hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity, pressure buildup amount is identical when the temperature rises, but
It is that hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity area are different, and
A1> A2 (6)
It may thus be appreciated that:
(p1+Δp1)A1-(p2+Δp2)A2> FLoad (7)
The piston force unbalance for then illustrating hydraulic cylinder will lead to piston rod stretching, when a plurality of hydraulic cylinder uneven heating is even
When, every piston rod overhang will be different, the final leveling precision for influencing system.
When hydraulic fluid temperature increases Δ t, rodless cavity, rod chamber pressure rise push the compression of temperature compensation means piston
Spring increases two cavity volumes, the oil liquid volume that release increases since temperature raises.It is hydraulic after temperature compensation means is installed
After oil temperature increases Δ t,
Rodless cavity pressure increment:
Rod chamber pressure increment:
Wherein: Δ x1Rodless cavity temperature compensation means piston moving displacement；Δx2Rod chamber temperature compensation means piston moves
Dynamic displacement, AaRodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area, AbRod chamber temperature compensation means piston area.
Spring force increment is corresponding with chamber pressure increment, therefore:
That is:
Similarly have:
Wherein: KSpringThe compressed coefficient of-spring.
It brings formula (11) into formula (8) and obtains rodless cavity pressure increment are as follows:
It brings formula (12) into formula (9) and obtains rod chamber pressure increment are as follows:
If hydraulic cylinder still maintains former extension elongation, needs to guarantee after temperature increases Δ t
Δp′1A1=Δ p '2A2 (15)
Therefore, it is necessary to meet:
It is obtained after arrangement:
K is the coefficient of bulk compressibility of hydraulic oil, value K=(5~7) × 10 in formula (17)-10m2/ N, thinks in engineering
Hydraulic oil is incompressible, therefore thinks that left side is zero in formula (17).It is obtained after arrangement:
That is:
Since hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity area are definite values, equipment each stretching of hydraulic cylinder when leveling work is long
Spend essentially identical, i.e. V1And V2If also it was determined that therefore the design phase determine hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity area and
Hydraulic cylinder works length is that can determine the area ratio of rod chamber and rodless cavity temperature compensation means, is met the requirements
It can guarantee that hydraulic cylinder extension elongation is kept constant in temperature change.
As shown in Fig. 2, the rodless cavity and rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 7 pass through hydraulic fluid port respectively and are connected to temperature-compensating dress when work
Set the hydraulic fluid port of A8 and temperature compensation means B9.The rodless cavity and rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 7 pass through pipeline and 3-position 4-way electromagnetism respectively
Valve 10 is connected, and connects setting hydraulic lock A11 and safety valve A13 on the pipeline of rodless cavity, connects and be arranged on the pipeline of rod chamber
Hydraulic lock B12 and safety valve B14.Hydraulic lock is used for the opening and closing of control piper.Safety valve setting maximum working pressure, works as hydraulic cylinder
When pressure is more than the maximal pressure force value of setting, safety valve jumping up is released stress, and shields to hydraulic cylinder.
When the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 7 needs to stretch out, the hydraulic fluid port b work of the connection rodless cavity of three position four-way electromagnetic valve 10,
Pressure oil enters the rodless cavity and temperature compensation means A8 of hydraulic cylinder 7 through three position four-way electromagnetic valve 10, hydraulic lock A11.Hydraulic cylinder 7
Oil liquid in rod chamber in oil and temperature compensation means B9 returns to system fuel tank through hydraulic lock B12, three position four-way electromagnetic valve 10.When
When hydraulic cylinder is stretched out in place, three position four-way electromagnetic valve 10 returns to middle position, and hydraulic cylinder 7 is locked by hydraulic lock A11 and hydraulic lock B12
Only.At this point, the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder 7 is identical with the pressure in temperature compensation means A8,7 rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder and temperature-compensating dress
The pressure set in B9 is identical.After 7 locking of hydraulic cylinder, rod chamber and rodless cavity form closing cavity, there is p at this time1A1-p2A2=
FLoad, the pressure of two chambers and the spring force of temperature compensator reach equilibrium state.When variation of ambient temperature, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber
With the volume of hydraulic oil in rodless cavity cavity and pressure corresponding change, original balance is broken.
By deduction before, rodless cavity pressure increment:
Rod chamber pressure increment:
The then pressure difference of rodless cavity and rod chamber are as follows:
Ignore hydraulic oil volume compression coefficient, obtain pressure difference:
Due to hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area ratioTherefore formula (21)
Are as follows:
(p1+Δp′1)A1-(p2+Δp′2)A2=p1A1-p2A2 (22)
It is obtained after then simplifying:
Δp′1A1=Δ p '2A2 (23)
Pressure difference after variation is identical as the pressure difference before temperature change, illustrates temperature change and has not been changed the flat of hydraulic cylinder
Weighing apparatus state.When hydraulic fluid temperature is raised and lowered, corresponding temperature compensation means inner spring stroke changes, and protects always
Demonstrate,prove Δ p '1A1=Δ p '2A2, then the overhang of piston in hydraulic cylinder bar remains unchanged.
In conclusion can effectively solve the problem that temperature change stretches hydraulic cylinder the present invention provides a kind of temperature compensation means
The influence of length out can be widely applied in leveling required precision height, the workplace that need to be kept for a long time.Pass through hydraulic cylinder parameter
And system operation characteristic, the pressure compensator of proper area ratio is selected, the automatic compensation to temperature change can be realized.
Although having been combined preferred embodiment to be described in detail the present invention, those skilled in the art are answered
What it is when understanding is without prejudice to spirit of that invention and essence, and various amendments are all allowed, they both fall within this hair
Among bright scope of protection of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method, which is characterized in that the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder connects a temperature by hydraulic fluid port and mends
Repay device；The rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder connects another temperature compensation means by hydraulic fluid port；
The temperature compensation means of the connection liquid cylinder pressure rodless cavity and the temperature compensation means of connection liquid cylinder pressure rod chamber need to meet:
Wherein: A1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity area；A2Hydraulic cylinder rod chamber area；V1Rodless cavity oil liquid volume；V2Rod chamber oil
Liquid product, AaRodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area, AbRod chamber temperature compensation means piston area；
Use process are as follows: the rodless cavity and rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder pass through hydraulic fluid port respectively and be connected to temperature compensation means A and temperature benefit
Repay the hydraulic fluid port of device B；The rodless cavity and rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder pass through pipeline respectively and are connected with three position four-way electromagnetic valve, connect nothing
Hydraulic lock A and safety valve A is set on the pipeline of rod cavity, connects setting hydraulic lock B and safety valve B on the pipeline of rod chamber；
When the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder needs to stretch out, the position b of three position four-way electromagnetic valve works, and pressure oil is through 3-position 4-way electromagnetism
Valve, hydraulic lock A enter the rodless cavity and temperature compensation means A of hydraulic cylinder；In hydraulic cylinder rod chamber in oil and temperature compensation means B
Oil liquid return to system fuel tank through hydraulic lock B, three position four-way electromagnetic valve；When hydraulic cylinder stretches out in place, three position four-way electromagnetic valve
Middle position is returned to, hydraulic cylinder passes through hydraulic lock A and hydraulic lock B locking；At this point, in the rodless cavity and temperature compensation means A of hydraulic cylinder
Pressure it is identical, hydraulic cylinder rod chamber is identical with the pressure in temperature compensation means B；After hydraulic cylinder locking, rod chamber and without bar
Chamber forms closing cavity, has at this time:
p1A1-p2A2=FLoad (2)
Wherein, p1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity pressure；A1Hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity area；p2Hydraulic cylinder rod chamber pressure；A2Hydraulic cylinder
Rod chamber area；FLoadLoad force；
The pressure of two chambers and the spring force of temperature compensator reach equilibrium state；
When environment temperature increases Δ t, the volume and pressure corresponding change of hydraulic oil in hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity cavity,
Original balance is broken,
Rodless cavity pressure increment:
Rod chamber pressure increment:
V1Rodless cavity oil liquid volume；V2Rod chamber oil liquid volume；α-hydraulic oil coefficient of thermal expansion；K- hydraulic oil volume compression coefficient,
AaRodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area, AbRod chamber temperature compensation means piston area, KSpringThe compression system of spring
Number；
The then pressure difference of rodless cavity and rod chamber are as follows:
Ignore hydraulic oil volume compression coefficient, obtain pressure difference:
Due to hydraulic cylinder rod chamber and rodless cavity temperature compensation means piston area ratioTherefore formula (6) are as follows:
(p1+Δp′1)A1-(p2+Δp′2)A2=p1A1-p2A2 (7)
It is obtained after then simplifying:
Δp′1A1=Δ p '2A2 (8)
Pressure difference after variation is identical as the pressure difference before temperature change, and hydraulic cylinder is in equilibrium state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610839926.9A CN106321562B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | A kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610839926.9A CN106321562B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | A kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method |
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| CN106321562A CN106321562A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106321562B true CN106321562B (en) | 2019-02-01 |
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| CN201610839926.9A Active CN106321562B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | A kind of hydraulic cylinder temperature-compensation method |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110645225B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-08-17 | 北京机械设备研究所 | High-pressure protection device for hydraulic cylinder |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19931208A1 (en) * | 1999-07-06 | 2001-01-25 | Magenwirth Gmbh Co Gustav | Closed-circuit hydraulic actuator system e.g. for valves, transmissions, etc. has throttle element of porous sintered part connecting actuator chambers to volume-adjustable compensation chambers |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1372090A (en) * | 1971-12-31 | 1974-10-30 | Dewandre Co Ltd C | Hydraulic accumulators |
| CN2381825Y (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2000-06-07 | 王庆峰 | Pressure energy accumulator |
| CN100376807C (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-03-26 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Piston type energy accumulator |
| CN102418720A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-04-18 | 海卓泰克液压技术（苏州）有限公司 | Piston type energy accumulator |
-
2016
- 2016-09-21 CN CN201610839926.9A patent/CN106321562B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19931208A1 (en) * | 1999-07-06 | 2001-01-25 | Magenwirth Gmbh Co Gustav | Closed-circuit hydraulic actuator system e.g. for valves, transmissions, etc. has throttle element of porous sintered part connecting actuator chambers to volume-adjustable compensation chambers |
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| CN106321562A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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