CN106318465A - Kiln type gasifier for gasifying solid-state carbon-containing raw materials - Google Patents
Kiln type gasifier for gasifying solid-state carbon-containing raw materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106318465A CN106318465A CN201610904360.3A CN201610904360A CN106318465A CN 106318465 A CN106318465 A CN 106318465A CN 201610904360 A CN201610904360 A CN 201610904360A CN 106318465 A CN106318465 A CN 106318465A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- shell
- housing
- distribution device
- kiln
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/005—Rotary drum or kiln gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/154—Pushing devices, e.g. pistons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gasification, and discloses a kiln type gasifier for gasifying solid-state carbon-containing raw materials. The kiln type gasifier disclosed by the invention comprises a fixed shell and a rotatable shaft, wherein a feeding hole is formed in one end of the shell; a product gas outlet and a slag hole are formed in the other end of the shell; the rotatable shaft is arranged in the shell; the shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the shell; two ends of the shaft are connected with the shell in a sealed manner; and a propulsion lifting structure is arranged on the shaft. With the adoption of the fixed shell and the rotatable shaft, the shaft and the shell are easily sealed, and the problems that the kiln head and the kiln tail are not tightly sealed and air leakage cannot be stopped are solved; due to an annular gas distribution device, gases can be supplemented according to needs, so that the carbon conversion rate is improved; the annular gas distribution device is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the gas can be contacted with the solid-state carbon-containing raw materials on the bed to react preferentially, and the carbon conversion rate is improved. The kiln type gasifier disclosed by the invention can be used for gasification of sludge, municipal refuse, medical wastes and the like, gradient utilization of coal, distributed energy resources and the like, and has wide application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gasification technology field, be specifically related to a kind of gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification.
Background technology
Gasification is the carbon raw material non-fully burning under oxygen debt environment, produces flammable synthesis gas, the calorific value of synthesis gas
Being about the 1/4 of natural gas, synthesis gas can directly burn, or produces methane, hydrogen, or by F-T synthesis fuel oil.
Gasification technology has the advantage that traditional combustion does not possesses.
1, raw material sources are extensive: in addition to various coals, also biomass, multiple garbage, agricultural residue, mud etc., increase
Add the economic worth of these resources, reduce the cost of user enterprise.
2, the motility of product: gasification synthesis gas can be transformed into multiple high value added product, can generate electricity, steams, close
Becoming oil, basic chemical feedstock, hydrogen etc., enterprise can select according to actual, accomplishes economy, maximizing the benefits.
3, near-zero release: gasification technology can be suitable for current most stringent of environmental requirement, comprise SO2 discharge, dust emission,
Heavy metal pollution etc., and as flutterring a kind of effective means catching, store or completely cutting off greenhouse gases CO2, the produced CO2 ratio of gasification
The concentration that traditional combustion produces is high, pressure high, make CO2 flutter catch easier.
4, efficiency is high: gasification technology can be combined with other advanced generation technologies, and in hgher efficiency, unit value is higher, efficiency
60% can be brought up to by 40%.
Removing generating and purposes of steaming, the most crucial main line of various gasifications is exactly as much as possible by raw material chemical energy
Being converted into product chemical energy, this just requires to control the combustion heat release in course of reaction as far as possible, makes heat obtain in course of reaction
Make full use of, improve efficiency of carbon con version, improve CO H2 the productivity etc. of CH4.
In gasification, carbon raw material stands Volatile pyrolysis, thermal decomposition product and the imperfect combustion of coke, coke
Several different stages such as gasification, synthesis gas product mainly includes the materials such as CH4, CO, H2, H2O, tar.
Typical gasification has multistage coupled gasification, fluidized gasification, entrained flow gasification, fixed bed gasification, rotary kiln
Furnace gases etc., differ from one another, and wherein rotary kiln gasification is compared with other gasification types, have adaptation any specification type combustion
Material, manufacture the advantages such as operating cost is low, but owing to conventional technology is difficult to control the reasonable distribution of air, make this type of furnace can not be deep
Degree gasification, fails to promote the use of on a large scale.
The rotary kiln for the treatment of industry that rotary kiln gasification furnace uses and a kind of is similar to cement, Calx, danger are given up, fuel is from upstream one
End enters the kiln slowly rotated, and along the infeed of process control air, when fuel moves along kiln length direction, upset promotes combustion
Material mixes, with air, circulation of qi promoting of going forward side by side.The many advantages of rotary kiln is particularly suited for processing biomass, danger is given up, municipal garbage
Deng, and it is particularly suited for distributed energy, and having broad application prospects, relevant enterprise and research worker are improving air supply
Control ability, promotion raw material mix with gas phase and reach degree of depth gasification aspect does a lot of work, it is desirable to finds optimum balance, makes
Burn minimum, synthesis gas is optimum, easy and simple to handle, maintenance is low, measurable and high reliability.
Representational have Kai Lete to rotate gasification furnace technology (Callidus Technologies) and HTI rotation kiln gas
Change technology.
Kate strangles gasification system technology and starts from 1999 ~ 2002 years, produces steam with factory waste, for product drying, its
Availability reaches 94.2%(8760hr-504hr), the Cortex Pini feed moisture content of employing reaches 48%, consumption 550t/hr, for controlling
Oxygen and the distribution of air, be mounted with that improving material promotes the device that material mixes with air, make material fully gasify.
HTI rotary kiln gasification technology has applied more than 40 year, and a new generation's rotary kiln gasification technology can accurately control sky
The distribution of gas, thus reduce delivery temperature and bed temperature, improve synthesis gas quality, and wider range of raw material can be processed, comprise low ash
Melting point materials.Main technical point is to use ventilative ceramic refractory by air from bed bottom entrance kiln and along furnace superintendent side
To distribution, and introduce air traditionally from top, by aggravation pyrolysis gas and the burning of synthesis gas, and cannot be used for degree of depth gasification,
This change makes rotation gasification kiln can be used in degree of depth gasification.
Additionally, the patent of US publication US 20130119315A1 (GAS DISTRIBUTOR FOR A ROTARY
KILN) devise a kind of rotary air allotter, the mixing of raw material and air can be effectively increased, improve efficiency of carbon con version, empty
Gas distributing nozzle is arranged along length and circumference at different angles, and is furnished with piston adjusting device in main shaft, makes air
Can be distributed to need position, it is not necessary to position the most do not allow air enter.
(the GAS-PERMEABLE ELEMENT OF A REFRACTORY MATERIAL) of U.S. Patent No. 4647020
Devise a kind of gas distribution unit module, refractory material embeds metal distribution passage, reaches the effect of uniform gas distribution.
The Hookyung Lee and Sangmin Choi of mechanical engineering branch of advanced science and technology institute of Korea S have invented one
Plant the material agitation lifting device being installed on rotary kiln housing, make material constantly be stirred and fall again, make material and gas
Phase component is fully contacted, and strengthens heat transfer, mass transfer effect.
Any of the above technological improvement is all curved about optimizing what air distribution was carried out, or meets by optimizing air distribution
The demand of each section of reaction, or the heat and mass of gas-solid phase is promoted by agitation material.But all there is also various deficiency, rotate
Air distributor optimizes air distribution to a certain extent, but the most abundant with the mixing of main bed material, or preferentially
React with gas-phase space component, promote efficiency of carbon con version not enough, and adds additional again rotary part, make sealing problem more
Prominent.The air distribution technology embedding metal distribution passage on refractory material promotes mixing the most to a certain extent, but due to
The rotation of housing, the air of larger proportion remain be introduced into gas-phase space and with gaseous component hybrid reaction.Install on housing
Material stirring lifting device has effectively facilitated the mixing of material, but still faces the problem that kiln head and tail seals.
Summary of the invention
In view of problems of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of good airproof performance, efficiency of carbon con version high
Kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification.
The kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification that the present invention provides, uses fixing housing with rotatable
Axle, axle is provided with propelling lifting structure, it is easy to by axle and housing seal, solves kiln head and tail in prior art and seals not
Sternly, inorganization air leakage problems；Annular distribution device is set, QI invigorating design can be carried out the most at an arbitrary position, enter
One-step optimization Temperature Distribution, component distribution etc., thus improve efficiency of carbon con version；The bottom of housing arranges arc distribution device so that
Air inlet first passes around the bottom of kiln formula gasification furnace, it is possible to preferential and bed solid carbonaceous feed haptoreaction, thus is greatly improved
Efficiency of carbon con version.
The kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification that the present invention provides, its structure includes:
Fixing housing, this shell one end is provided with charging aperture, and the housing other end has been arranged at product gas outlet and slag notch；
The rotatable axle being arranged in housing, axially arranged along housing of this axle, the two ends of axle are hermetically connected with the shell, on axle
It is provided with propelling lifting structure.
Further, described propelling lifting structure along described between centers every setting.
Further, described propelling lifting structure includes fixing axle and advances lifting groove.
Further, described fixing axle being provided with annular distribution device, this annular distribution device is fixed by support member
Inner side in housing.
Further, described annular distribution device is arranged with advancing lifting spacing structure.
Further, described annular distribution device includes inlet manifold and the outer endless tube of the gas distribution being connected with inlet manifold
And/or endless tube in gas distribution, it is provided with nozzle on endless tube in the outer endless tube of gas distribution and/or gas distribution.
Further, the bottom of described housing is provided with one or more arc distribution device.
Further, described arc distribution device includes air inlet pipe, gas distributing chamber and Anti-clogging spray nozzle, and gas distributing chamber is along housing
Surface configuration, connects air inlet pipe and Anti-clogging spray nozzle.
Compared with prior art, the kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification that the present invention provides, have following
Beneficial effect:
(1) use fixing housing and rotatable axle, axle be provided with propelling lifting structure, it is easy to by axle and housing seal,
Solve kiln head and tail in prior art poorly sealed, inorganization air leakage problems；
(2) annular distribution device is set, QI invigorating design can be carried out the most at an arbitrary position, optimize temperature further and divide
Cloth, component distribution etc., thus improve efficiency of carbon con version；
(3) bottom of housing arranges arc distribution device so that air inlet first passes around the bottom of kiln formula gasification furnace, it is possible to preferential with
Bed solid carbonaceous feed haptoreaction, thus it is greatly improved efficiency of carbon con version.
The present invention can be used for the gasification of mud, municipal garbage, medical waste etc., coal cascade utilization, distributed energy etc.,
Have broad application prospects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the kiln formula gasification furnace of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram advancing lifting structure of the kiln formula gasification furnace shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the annular distribution device of the kiln formula gasification furnace shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the arc distribution device of the kiln formula gasification furnace shown in Fig. 1.
Label in figure: 1 is housing, 2 is axle, and 3 is charging aperture, and 4 is product gas outlet, and 5 is slag notch, and 6 is fixing axle, 7
For advancing lifting groove, 8 is inlet manifold, and 9 is the outer endless tube of gas distribution, and 10 is endless tube in gas distribution, and 11 is nozzle, and 12 is communicating pipe, 13
For support member, 14 is air inlet pipe, and 15 is gas distributing chamber, and 16 is Anti-clogging spray nozzle.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, the kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed of one embodiment of the present of invention, including fix
Housing 1, it is arranged at the charging aperture 3 of shell one end and is arranged at product gas outlet 4 and the slag notch 5 of the housing other end.
Kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed also includes the rotatable axle 2 being arranged in housing 1, and axle 2 is along shell
Body 1 axially arranged, the two ends of axle 2 are tightly connected with housing 1.
Owing to using fixing housing 1 and rotatable axle 2, it is easy to axle 2 is sealed with housing 1, solves prior art
Middle kiln head and tail is poorly sealed, inorganization air leakage problems.
Propelling lifting structure it is provided with, for pushing solid carbonaceous feed to another from one end of kiln formula gasification furnace on axle 2
End, and promote the mixing of solid carbonaceous feed and air inlet, thus improve efficiency of carbon con version.
Lifting structure is advanced to arrange along axle 2 interval.
As in figure 2 it is shown, advance lifting structure include fixing axle 6 and advance lifting groove 7, fixing axle 6 will be for advancing lifting
Groove 7 is fixed on axle 2.
Being provided with annular distribution device on axle 2, annular distribution device is fixed on the inner side of housing 1 by support member 13, as
Shown in Fig. 3.
In annular distribution device includes inlet manifold 8 and the outer endless tube 9 of the gas distribution being connected with inlet manifold 8 and/or gas distribution
Endless tube 10, is provided with nozzle 11 on endless tube 10 in the outer endless tube 9 of gas distribution and/or gas distribution.
In the present embodiment, annular distribution device includes endless tube 10 in the outer endless tube 9 of gas distribution and gas distribution, the outer endless tube 9 of gas distribution and cloth
In gas, endless tube 10 is by connecting communicating pipe 12.
Annular distribution device is arranged with advancing lifting spacing structure.
Annular distribution device is set, QI invigorating design can be carried out the most at an arbitrary position, optimize temperature further and divide
Cloth, component distribution etc., thus improve efficiency of carbon con version.
The bottom of housing 1 is also provided with one or more arc distribution device.
Arc distribution device includes air inlet pipe 14, gas distributing chamber 15 and Anti-clogging spray nozzle 16, and gas distributing chamber 15 is along the inner surface of housing 1
Arrange, connect air inlet pipe 14 and Anti-clogging spray nozzle 16, as shown in Figure 4.
The bottom of housing 1 arranges arc distribution device so that air inlet first passes around the bottom of kiln formula gasification furnace, it is possible to preferential
With bed solid carbonaceous feed haptoreaction, thus it is greatly improved efficiency of carbon con version.
The kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed in the present embodiment, work process is as follows: solid carbonaceous feed by
Charging aperture 3 enters in stove, rotating the other end of material iterative method to gasification furnace by axle 2；In progradation, pass through
Arc distribution device and annular distribution device bottom the kiln formula gasification furnace of solid carbonaceous feed feed required gasifying agent,
Carry out becoming more meticulous distribution, makes solid carbonaceous feed experience be pyrolyzed, burn, the process such as gasification, generates and meets the synthesis gas product required
Product, synthesis gas enters subsequent purification device by product gas outlet 4, and solid-state slag is discharged from slag notch 5, enters Slag treatment dress
Put.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art without
Need creative work just can make many modifications and variations according to the design of the present invention.Therefore, all technology in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment the most on the basis of existing technology
Technical scheme, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.
Claims (7)
1. the kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification, it is characterised in that including:
Fixing housing, this shell one end is provided with charging aperture, and the housing other end is provided with product gas outlet and slag notch；
The rotatable axle being arranged in housing, axially arranged along housing of this axle, the two ends of axle are hermetically connected with the shell, on axle
It is provided with propelling lifting structure.
Kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described propelling
Lifting structure along described between centers every setting.
Kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described
Lifting structure is advanced to include fixing axle and advance lifting groove.
Kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described fixing
Being provided with annular distribution device on axle, this annular distribution device is fixed on the inner side of housing by support member；Described annular gas distribution
Device is arranged with advancing lifting spacing structure.
Kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described annular
Distribution device includes endless tube in inlet manifold and the outer endless tube of the gas distribution being connected with inlet manifold and/or gas distribution, the outer endless tube of gas distribution
And/or in gas distribution, on endless tube, it is provided with nozzle.
6. according to the kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification described in claim 1,2,4 or 5, it is characterised in that
The bottom of described housing is provided with one or more arc distribution device.
Kiln formula gasification furnace for solid carbonaceous feed gasification the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described arc
Distribution device includes air inlet pipe, gas distributing chamber and Anti-clogging spray nozzle, and gas distributing chamber is arranged along the inner surface of housing, connects air inlet pipe with anti-blocking
Nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610904360.3A CN106318465B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Kiln type gasifier for gasifying solid carbon-containing raw materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610904360.3A CN106318465B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Kiln type gasifier for gasifying solid carbon-containing raw materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106318465A true CN106318465A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106318465B CN106318465B (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610904360.3A Active CN106318465B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Kiln type gasifier for gasifying solid carbon-containing raw materials |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11287416A (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Kiln type gasification incinerator |
| CN1935951A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2007-03-28 | 武汉凯迪科技发展研究院有限公司 | High temperature gasifying apparatus for solid carbon raw material |
| US20110116984A1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2011-05-19 | Amirali Gulamhussein REHMAT | Gas distributor for a rotary kiln |
| CN102120936A (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method and device for jet/preoxidation/pyrolysis/fluidized bed gasification of carbon-containing solid fuel |
| CN105176595A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-23 | 清华大学 | Gasifier and method for conducting gasification treatment on carbon-bearing raw materials |
-
2016
- 2016-10-18 CN CN201610904360.3A patent/CN106318465B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11287416A (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Kiln type gasification incinerator |
| CN1935951A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2007-03-28 | 武汉凯迪科技发展研究院有限公司 | High temperature gasifying apparatus for solid carbon raw material |
| US20110116984A1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2011-05-19 | Amirali Gulamhussein REHMAT | Gas distributor for a rotary kiln |
| CN102120936A (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method and device for jet/preoxidation/pyrolysis/fluidized bed gasification of carbon-containing solid fuel |
| CN105176595A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-23 | 清华大学 | Gasifier and method for conducting gasification treatment on carbon-bearing raw materials |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106318465B (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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