CN106318436B - One kind decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems and its decompression method - Google Patents
One kind decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems and its decompression method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106318436B CN106318436B CN201510339878.2A CN201510339878A CN106318436B CN 106318436 B CN106318436 B CN 106318436B CN 201510339878 A CN201510339878 A CN 201510339878A CN 106318436 B CN106318436 B CN 106318436B
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Abstract
One kind decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems and its decompression method, belong to atmospheric and vacuum distillation technical field.It is characterized in that：The steam arranged side by side of present invention decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems, which evacuates, sets three connecting pipelines on pipeline；And it is provided with control valve on the entrance pipe of one-level vacuum jet and the export pipeline of condenser at different levels.Change the decompression method of time pattern, reduction back pressure pattern and increase cooling three kinds of shaping modes of surface model after the steam evacuation pipeline former head by this system.The present invention designs more than, depressurizing the second steam evacuation of column overhead one not only can be with single-row or two row parallel running, the new model of single-row crossing operation is realized simultaneously, more operating mode is operated in a manner of more flexible to adapt to and meet, to reach the purpose of steam saving reduction plant energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
One kind decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems and its decompression method, belong to atmospheric and vacuum distillation technical field.
Background technology
Vacuum tower top vacuum degree is the key factor for being evaporated under reduced pressure operation in refinery decompressioning device, with vacuum distillation
Extraction depth, outlet temperature, the thermic load of heating under reduced pressure stove be closely related.And the power consumption of pumped vacuum systems, including it is dynamic
Power steam consumption, power consumption, water consumption and sour water of discharge etc., in the energy expenditure of crude oil atmospheric vacuum distillation device
Occupy critical positions, the steam and circulation water consumption, electricity that Top of Vacuum Tower pumped vacuum systems consumes account for atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit total energy
More than the 10% of consumption.At present, it is mainly steam injection that the equipment that Top of Vacuum Tower vacuumizes is used in refinery decompressioning device of China
Evacuation（Abbreviation vacuum jet, it is same as below）Liquid feeding ring vacuum pumps, to realize that vacuum tower operates at low pressures, together
When reduce the power consumption vacuumized to greatest extent.Atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is more to add three-level liquid using a second steam evacuation
Ring vacuum pumps combination.This is the suction pressure not preferably less than 21.33KPa because of liquid-ring vacuum pump（Absolute pressure, following phase
Together）, it is necessary to absolute pressure in vacuum tower is first down to below 3KPa, and it is even lower, just need to set one to two before liquid-ring vacuum pump
Level vacuum jet.
But there is exhaust capacity and steam consumption stationarity for jet steam evacuation（Unadjustable property）The characteristics of,
According to situations such as the change that processes raw material, the change of production operation condition, the steam consumption of vacuum jet can not be adjusted in real time.
In actual production process, by taking certain atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit practical operation situation as an example, as the use two of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is serial simultaneously
Through transport row mode, the Design cooling load of a serial second steam evacuation is 40%, another serial second steam evacuation
Design cooling load is 65%, existing subject matter：First, atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit crude oil machining load is needed between 68% to 84%, subtract
Heater outlet temperature is pressed at 370 ~ 378 DEG C（Outlet of still is depressurized by deep drawing design temperature at 383 DEG C）.Especially under low processing capacity,
To prevent vacuum furnace boiler tube flow velocity from reducing and coking, boiler tube injection steam 1.2t/h.If device is run under above operating mode,
When depressurizing the load method of the independent selection 40% or 65% of the second steam evacuation of column overhead one, vacuum tower top vacuum degree is relatively low,
Above-mentioned crude oil machining load can not be met, can cause to depressurize product quality and yield is all impacted.And select both are common to open
40% plus 65% obtain 105% combination when, i.e., two series whole in parallel comes into operation, and can cause quantity of steam and recirculated water again
Amount consumption is larger, and plant energy consumption is too high.Decompression column overhead process gas flow mostly come from vacuum tower condensated gas oil, no
Solidifying gas and vacuum furnace boiler tube steam injection and vacuum tower bottom of towe are blown into stripped vapor.Low processing capacity is run into device and depth is not carried out in decompression
Pulling out under operation operating mode, the amount of condensated gas oil and fixed gas is less in vacuum tower, but due to vacuum furnace boiler tube steam injection amount and tower
Bottom vapor flow of stripper is constant, and decompression column overhead one-level evacuation entrance gas phase load is larger, therefore one-level must select higher take out
The vacuum jet operation of gas load, and condensator outlet of this some vapor after one-level vacuum jet can be all cold
It is solidifying.Two level due to quantity of steam substantially reduce and fixed gas amount is not high, so two level evacuation can select relatively low suction negative
The vacuum jet of lotus is run.But existing process flow does not have regulating power, steam and circulation water consumption is caused to increase
Add.Second, can the decompression second steam evacuation of column overhead one normally and efficiently be run, vapor (steam) temperature, pressure and cold are vacuumized
Condenser cooling effect etc. influences；And condenser is influenceed substantially by seasonal temperature change when doing cooling medium using recirculated water,
Winter differs 10 DEG C or so compared with summer circulating water temperature.The cooling effect deviation of condenser during summer, vacuum tower top vacuum degree
It is relatively low.The condenser of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit decompression second steam evacuation of column overhead one is equally only combined with parallel way, cools down energy
Power is restricted, and can not artificially be adjusted.The quality of one second steam evacuation operation is had a great influence by post-condenser outlet temperature,
For example, if one-level vacuum jet post-condenser outlet temperature is at 44 DEG C, the saturated vapor pressure of water is 9.319kPa,
If the condensator outlet pressure is 9.332kPa, vapor does not condense, and will bring second steam evacuation and increase by two into
Level vacuum jet entrance gas phase load.If above-mentioned one-level vacuum jet post-condenser outlet temperature at 48 DEG C, water
Saturated vapor pressure is then 11.15kPa.Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the outlet temperature of post-condenser reduces evacuation load to reach
Purpose, in actual production process, when first-stage condenser outlet pressure is in the case of 11.83kPa, it is cold after temperature at 46 DEG C, very
Reciprocal of duty cycle will have been fluctuated and declined, and main cause is at this pressure, to contain vapor in gas phase load and fixed gas is multigroup
Point, according to Dalton's law (of partial pressures), influenceed by oil gas partial pressure, the saturated vapor pressure of water can be lower, also results at 46 DEG C
Water is still reached to all or less than condensation.Therefore lower condensator outlet temperature is just needed just to can guarantee that high vacuum, and post-condenser
Using circulating water mode, circulating water temperature is again larger by seasonal effect, and list is taken in the decompression two level evacuation of column overhead one
During series operation, because cooler cooling capacity deficiency is it occur frequently that the problem of vacuum tower top vacuum degree declines.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can adjust steaming in real time
The decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems and its decompression method of the steam consumption of vapour evacuation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：The decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems, its feature
It is：Major and minor two steam including being connected in decompression column overhead in parallel evacuates pipeline, and described major and minor two steam evacuates
At least two-stage is equipped with pipeline by the decompression column overhead vacuum extractor that is connected into before and after vacuum jet and condenser；Main,
The vacuum jet that secondary two steam are evacuated on pipelines has a different designs load, and the Design cooling load of vacuum jet is bigger corresponding
Condenser cooling surface it is bigger；It is between the outlet of vacuum jet at the same level and at the same level on major and minor two steam evacuation pipeline
Condenser outlet between be provided with control valve connecting pipeline；The wherein entrance pipe of one-level vacuum jet and each
Control valve is equipped with the export pipeline of level condenser.
The decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention, can be by adjusting each control on the premise of productive target is completed
The column overhead of adjustment decompression in real time is taken out very under the conditions of the opening and closing realization device difference machining load of valve and connecting pipeline, different operating
Empty series of combination.Reduction plant energy consumption is can reach, the outer discharge capacity of sour water is reduced, so as to reach the mesh of increase device economic benefit
's.
Preferably, described major and minor two steam evacuates pipeline and taken out provided with preceding latter linked one ~ three-level decompression column overhead
It is between the outlet of the vacuum jet at the same level of vacuum plant, wherein I and II decompression column overhead vacuum extractor and at the same level
The connecting pipeline with control valve, the entrance pipe and I and II of one-level vacuum jet are provided between the outlet of condenser
The export pipeline of condenser is provided with control valve, and three-level decompression column overhead vacuum extractor is mechanical vacuumizing device.
Preferably, described major and minor two steam evacuates pipeline and taken out provided with preceding latter linked I and II decompression column overhead
Vacuum plant, the outlet between the outlet of the vacuum jet at the same level of decompression column overhead vacuum extractor with condenser at the same level
Between be provided with control valve connecting pipeline, the outlet of the entrance pipe and I and II condenser of one-level vacuum jet
Pipeline is provided with control valve.
The present invention depressurizes the various combination of the two level steam evacuation of column overhead one by both the above, solves original and vacuumizes
Combination confinement problems, can be according to actual condition flexible modulation actual motion pipeline, by the two level of conventional pressure relief column overhead one
Original 3 kinds of combinations of steam evacuation extend to feasible 7 kinds now, realize based on crude different load, no
Decompression column overhead is adjusted flexibly with condition and vacuumizes series of combination mode.
Preferably, described main steam evacuates the Design cooling load P of the vacuum jet on pipelineIt is mainMore than secondary steam evacuation tube
The Design cooling load P of vacuum jet on roadIt is secondary.Based on main steam evacuation pipeline.
A kind of decompression method using above-mentioned decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems, it is characterised in that：Decompression is determined first
The crude oil machining load P of column overheadSubtract；
By controlling major and minor two steam to evacuate the opening and closing of control valve on pipeline, selection and PSubtractAdaptable steam is taken out
Pocket combining form；Time pattern, works as vacuum tower adjusted when vacuum tower overhead gas more than 30% are condensing gas to the former head simultaneously after
Adjusted during vacuum when tower top needs to be more than conventional operation to back pressure pattern is reduced, when circulating water temperature is more than average annual recirculated water
Adjusted when warm to increase and cool down surface model.
Based on crude machining load P of the present inventionSubtractWith the actual conditions of vacuum tower overhead gas, can be transported according to Three models
OK, operational mode is flexibly adjusted according to different situations, ensures that various situations can reduce device energy on the premise of normal operation
Consumption.Vacuum wherein in reduction back pressure pattern during conventional operation is to the vacuum tower of the invention applied when conventional load is run
The vacuum of column overhead is depressurized, sometimes for increase vacuum tower extraction effect, it is necessary to which steam, which evacuates pipeline and provided, is more than the routine
The back pressure of vacuum, now can be selected reduces upper level evacuation outlet back pressure pattern.
Time pattern is relative for the relatively large one-level vacuum jet of selection Design cooling load and Design cooling load after the described former head
Small second steam evacuation collocation operation, or the one-level vacuum jet of two-way parallel connection and any secondary vacuum jet are simultaneously
Operation, each vacuum jet use the condenser condensation of same pipeline peer.Reduce the steam consumption and condenser of vacuum jet
Circulate water consumption.
It is described reduce back pressure pattern be any one-level vacuum jet and two-way second steam evacuation in parallel simultaneously
Operation, or the relatively small one-level vacuum jet of Design cooling load and the relatively large second steam evacuation collocation fortune of Design cooling load
OK.To reduce one-level evacuation back pressure, when one-level evacuation compression ratio is constant, realizes and improve vacuum tower top vacuum degree effect
Fruit.
Described increase cooling surface model is that any vacuum jet of every one-level utilizes the two condensers condensation of statistics,
Or secondary steam evacuates the relatively small vacuum jet of Design cooling load on pipeline and utilizes Design cooling load on main steam evacuation pipeline relative
Big condenser at the same level condensation.Realize when single series is run, increase film-cooled heat by increase cooler number of units to improve
Cooling effect, reduce the outlet temperature of post-condenser.So that when the decompression two level evacuation of column overhead one takes single series to run,
Solve the problems, such as due to cooler cooling capacity deficiency it occur frequently that vacuum tower top vacuum degree declines.Such as summer circulating water temperature
The high influence problem to vacuum.
Compared with prior art, have possessed by a kind of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the invention and its decompression method
Beneficial effect is：The present invention designs more than, and decompression column overhead one second steam evacuation not only can be in parallel with single-row or two row
Operation, while the new model of single-row crossing operation is realized, operating mode is more operated with flexible adaptation, reaching steam saving reduces dress
Put the purpose of energy consumption.By depressurizing the various combination of the two level vapor injection type evacuation of column overhead one, solve original and vacuumize group
Conjunction mode confinement problems.And the original 3 kinds of combinations of original steam evacuation extend to 7 kinds, realize according to original
Oily different load, different condition are adjusted flexibly decompression column overhead and vacuumize series of combination mode.Two kinds of increase is feasible cold simultaneously
The condensation combining form of condenser, fully ensures that condensation effect.Increase after two row second steam evacuation entrances add connection cross-line
The combination for having added evacuation to select, in increasings after cross-line, in underrun, in the case where depressurizing the identical vacuum of column overhead,
10% ~ 35% can be reduced by vacuumizing steam consumption, and circulation water consumption can reduce by more than 20%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of attachment structure schematic diagram of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be a kind of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention decompression method in time mode operation after a kind of former head
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 be a kind of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention decompression method in time pattern fortune after another former head
Row schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a kind of to reduce back pressure pattern operation in a kind of decompression method of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is another to reduce back pressure pattern fortune in a kind of decompression method of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention
Row schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 be a kind of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention decompression method in a kind of increase cooling surface model fortune
Row schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 be a kind of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention decompression method in another increase cooling surface model
Operation schematic diagram.
Wherein：1st, one-level main steam evacuation 2, one-level main condenser 3, one-level pair vacuum jet 4, one-level pair are cold
Condenser 5, two level main steam evacuation 6, two level main condenser 7, two level pair vacuum jet 8, two level secondary condenser 9, master
The first control valve of pipe 10, the first control valve of looped pipeline 11, the second control valve 12 of supervisor, the second control valve of looped pipeline 13, Zhu Guan
Three control valves 14, the control valve 15 of looped pipeline the 3rd, the first connecting pipeline 16, the second connecting pipeline 17, third connecting pipeline
18th, vacuum tower.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, and 1 ~ 7 the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the drawings 1：A kind of decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems of the present invention, including one-level main steam evacuation 1, one-level
Main condenser 2, one-level pair vacuum jet 3, one-level secondary condenser 4, two level main steam evacuation 5, two level main condenser 6, two
The secondary vacuum jet 7 of level, two level secondary condenser 8, the first control valve 9 of supervisor, the first control valve of looped pipeline 10, the second control valve of supervisor
11st, the second control valve of looped pipeline 12, the 3rd control valve 13 of supervisor, the control valve 14 of looped pipeline the 3rd, the connection of the first connecting pipeline 15, second
Pipeline 16, third connecting pipeline 17 and vacuum tower 18；Major and minor two steam evacuates pipeline, is connected in the tower top of vacuum tower 18 in parallel,
Main steam evacuates one-level main steam evacuation 1 of the pipeline provided with tandem connection, one-level main condenser 2, two level main steam and evacuated
Device 5 and two level main condenser 6；Secondary steam evacuates pipeline and is provided with the secondary condensation of the one-level pair vacuum jet 3 of tandem connection, one-level
Device 4, two level pair vacuum jet 7 and two level secondary condenser 8；Major and minor two steam evacuates the vacuum jet tool on pipeline
There is different designs load, and the vacuum jet that each steam is evacuated on pipeline has same design load, vacuum jet is set
The cooling surface for counting the bigger corresponding condenser of load is bigger；The outlet of one-level main steam evacuation 1 and one-level pair vacuum jet 3
Between be provided with control valve the first connecting pipeline 15, set between the outlet of one-level main condenser 2 and one-level secondary condenser 4
There is the second connecting pipeline 16 with control valve, between the outlet of two level main steam evacuation 5 and two level pair vacuum jet 7
Provided with the third connecting pipeline 17 with control valve；Wherein the entrance pipe of one-level main steam evacuation 1 is provided with supervisor first
Control valve 9, the entrance pipe of one-level pair vacuum jet 3 are provided with the first control valve of looped pipeline 10, the outlet of one-level main condenser 2
Road is provided with the second control valve 11 of supervisor, and the export pipeline of one-level secondary condenser 4 is provided with the second control valve of looped pipeline 12, two level master
The export pipeline of condenser 6 is provided with the 3rd control valve 13 of supervisor, and the export pipeline of two level secondary condenser 8 is provided with looped pipeline the 3rd
Control valve 14；The export pipeline of two level main condenser 6 and two level secondary condenser 8 is connected to liquid-ring vacuum pump after merging.
The present invention is done further using the decompression method for depressurizing column overhead pumped vacuum systems below by specific embodiment
Explanation.By depressurizing the various combination of the two level steam evacuation of column overhead one, solve the original of vacuum tower 18 and vacuumize combination
Confinement problems.And the original 3 kinds of traditional combinations of evacuation extend to 7 kinds, it is different negative to realize based on crude
Lotus, different condition are adjusted flexibly decompression column overhead and vacuumize series of combination mode.Dotted line is not transported under the pattern in Fig. 2 ~ Fig. 7
Capable pipeline.
Column overhead pumped vacuum systems is depressurized using a second steam evacuation and three-level in certain refinery decompressioning device
Liquid-ring vacuum pump or vacuum jet vacuumize, and do not set preposition condenser before evacuation, process gas, which is directly entered, to be taken out
Pocket is vacuumized.
One second steam evacuation uses the evacuation parallel configuration pattern of two groups of difference exhaust capacitys：One-level main steam
The Design cooling load of evacuation 1 and two level main steam evacuation 5 is 65%；One-level pair vacuum jet 3 and two level pair vacuum jet
7 Design cooling load is 40%.
Traditional single-row operation or two groups of parallel operations can be realized first, realize the regulation of exhaust capacity 40%, 65%, 105%
Ability, steam and quantity of circulating water design parameter are as shown in 1 ~ 3 in subordinate list 1 consumed in the three kinds of combinations of the series of a two level two.
Embodiment 1
The device depressurizes column overhead process gas flow in 5900kg/h or so, and it mostlys come from coagulating in vacuum tower
It is gas/oil（2800kg/h）, fixed gas（1000kg/h）Stripped vapor is blown into vacuum furnace boiler tube steam injection and vacuum tower bottom of towe
(2000kg/h), quantity of steam therein account for the 33.8% of total gas couette, run into low processing capacity in device and decompression is not carried out
When deep drawing operates operating mode, condensated gas/oil and fixed gas amount are less in vacuum tower, but because vacuum furnace boiler tube injects quantity of steam
And bottom of towe vapor flow of stripper is constant, decompression column overhead one-level evacuation entrance gas phase load it is larger, therefore one-level must select compared with
The evacuation operation of height pumping load, and condensator outlet of this some vapor after one-level evacuation（Design pressure exists
Under the conditions of 11.83kPa, temperature is below 48 DEG C）Can all it condense.Two level due to quantity of steam substantially reduce and fixed gas
Amount is not high, so second steam evacuation can select the relatively low vacuum jet for sucking load to run.
Solve the problems, such as that second steam evacuation wastes steam, the present invention is in one-level main condenser 2 and one-level secondary condenser 4
Outlet between be provided with control valve the second connecting pipeline 16, add evacuation selection combination.
A kind of feasible operational mode is referring to the drawings 2：Close the first control valve of looped pipeline 10, the second control valve of looped pipeline 12, master
The control valve 13 of pipe the 3rd and the first connecting pipeline 15 and the control valve on third connecting pipeline 17, make one-level 65% be evacuated load
One-level main steam evacuation 1 and two level 40% be evacuated load two level pair vacuum jet 7 and arrange in pairs or groups operation, so reduction steam exists
0.8t/h or so.
Another feasible operational mode is referring to the drawings 3：Close looped pipeline the 3rd control valve 14, the first connecting pipeline 15 and the
Control valve on tee joint pipeline 17, the one-level main steam evacuation 1 and one-level pair steam for making the pumping load of one-level 105% are taken out
Pocket 3 is operated together, and the two level main steam evacuation 5 for 65% pumping load of arranging in pairs or groups is run, and it is left in 1.2t/h so to reduce steam
It is right.
This example device under the identical vacuum of decompression column overhead, vacuumizes steam consumption reduction in underrun
About 1 ton hour or so, recirculated water reduces ton hour more than 300.Consumed steam and quantity of circulating water design parameter such as subordinate list 1
In shown in 4,5.
Embodiment 2
To reduce one-level evacuation back pressure, when one-level evacuation compression ratio is constant, realizes and improve vacuum tower top vacuum
The effect of degree.It is below the achievable two kinds of reductions back pressure pattern of the present invention.
A kind of feasible operational mode is referring to the drawings 4：Close looped pipeline the first control valve 10, the second control valve of looped pipeline 12 and the
Control valve on a connecting pipe line 15, when running the single series of one-level main steam evacuation 1 of 65% pumping load, collocation
The two level main steam evacuation 5 and two level pair vacuum jet 7 of 105% pumping load are operated together.
Another feasible operational mode is referring to the drawings 5：Close the first control valve 9 of supervisor, the second control valve of looped pipeline 12, pair
The control valve 14 of pipe the 3rd and the second connecting pipeline 16 and the control valve on third connecting pipeline 17, make the one of 40% pumping load
The secondary vacuum jet 3 and 65% of level is evacuated the collocation operation of two level main steam evacuation 5 of load.
Consumed steam and quantity of circulating water design parameter is as shown in subordinate list 16,7.
Subordinate list 1：In embodiment 1,2 four kinds of combinations of both of which consume steam and quantity of circulating water and combination side
The formula scope of application.
Different pumping load selected above can be seen that by upper table 1 ~ 3, used steam and circulation water consumption are not
Together, and vacuum tower top gaseous phase load is injected steam and bottom of towe by device crude runs, decompression heater outlet temperature and boiler tube
The influence of quantity of steam.By depressurizing the various combination of the two level steam evacuation of column overhead one, solve the original of vacuum tower 18 and vacuumize
Combination confinement problems.And 3 kinds of combinations shown in evacuation original traditional 1 ~ 3 extend to above-mentioned 7 kinds,
Realize based on crude different load, different condition is adjusted flexibly decompression column overhead and vacuumizes series of combination mode.Vacuum tower 18
The crude oil machining load P of tower topSubtract, corresponding combination adjustment can be completed by compareing the scope of application shown in upper table 1.In table 1
" scope of application " can extend to the different designs burden requirement of other pressurizing towers, have same application effect.
Embodiment 3
The quality of one second steam evacuation operation is had a great influence by post-condenser outlet temperature, if one-level steam evacuates
Device post-condenser outlet temperature is at 44 DEG C, and the saturated vapor pressure of water is 9.319kPa, if condensator outlet pressure is
9.332kPa, then vapor do not condense, two level evacuation will be brought into and increase two level evacuation entrance gas phase load.One-level is taken out
For pocket post-condenser outlet temperature at 48 DEG C, the saturated vapor pressure of water is 11.15kPa, therefore, it is necessary to reduce post-condenser
Outlet temperature reduces the purpose of evacuation load to reach, in actual production process, when first-stage condenser outlet pressure exists
In the case of 11.83kPa, it is cold after temperature at 46 DEG C, vacuum will have been fluctuated and declined, analysis main cause be this compared with
Under low-pressure, vapor and fixed gas multicomponent are contained in gas phase load, according to Dalton's law (of partial pressures), by the shadow of oil gas partial pressure
Ring, the saturated vapor pressure of water can be lower, and the water also resulted at 46 DEG C is still reached to all or less than condensation.Therefore just need lower
Condensator outlet temperature just can guarantee that high vacuum, and post-condenser uses circulating water mode, and circulating water temperature is again by season
Have a great influence, when the decompression two level evacuation of column overhead one takes single series to run, due to cooler cooling capacity deficiency usually
The problem of generation vacuum tower top vacuum degree declines.
Solves the problems, such as this example, the present invention provides following two kinds of increases cooling surface models.
A kind of feasible operational mode is referring to the drawings 6：The first control valve of looped pipeline 10 is closed, and keeps one-level pair steam to evacuate
Device 3 and two level pair vacuum jet 7 are out of service, while are the main steaming of one-level using one-level main condenser 2 and one-level secondary condenser 4
Vapour evacuation 1 condenses；And condensed simultaneously using two level main condenser 6 and two level secondary condenser 8 for two level main steam evacuation 5.
Another feasible operational mode is referring to the drawings 7：Close the first control valve 9 of supervisor, the second control valve of looped pipeline 12, pair
The control valve 14 of pipe the 3rd, and keep one-level main steam evacuation 1 and two level main steam evacuation 5 out of service, utilize one-level master
Condenser 2 is that one-level pair vacuum jet 3 condenses；It is that two level pair vacuum jet 7 condenses using two level main condenser 6.
This example is realized when single series is run, and increases film-cooled heat by increase cooler number of units to improve cooling effect
Fruit, it is to realize increase film-cooled heat technological process trend after increasing cross-line, cold rear temperature declines 5 ~ 8 DEG C.So solves list
Influence problem of the summer circulating water temperature height to vacuum when row evacuation is run.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
Imitate embodiment.But it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention is to above example institute
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems, it is characterised in that：Including being connected in vacuum tower in parallel（18）Tower top it is major and minor
Two steam evacuate pipelines, and described major and minor two steam, which evacuates, is equipped with least two-stage by vacuum jet and cold on pipeline
The decompression column overhead vacuum extractor connected into before and after condenser；The vacuum jet that major and minor two steam is evacuated on pipeline has
Different designs load, the cooling surface of the bigger corresponding condenser of Design cooling load of vacuum jet are bigger；Major and minor two steam is taken out
It is provided with the connection of control valve on blank pipe road between the outlet of vacuum jet at the same level between the outlet of condenser at the same level
Pipeline；Wherein the export pipeline of the entrance pipe of one-level vacuum jet and condenser at different levels is provided with control valve.
A kind of 2. decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described major and minor two
Steam evacuates pipeline and is provided with preceding latter linked one ~ three-level decompression column overhead vacuum extractor, wherein I and II decompression column overhead
It is provided between the outlet of the vacuum jet at the same level of vacuum extractor between the outlet of condenser at the same level and carries control valve
The connecting pipeline of door, the entrance pipe of one-level vacuum jet and the export pipeline of I and II condenser are provided with control valve,
Three-level decompression column overhead vacuum extractor is mechanical vacuumizing device.
A kind of 3. decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described major and minor two
Steam evacuates pipeline and is provided with preceding latter linked I and II decompression column overhead vacuum extractor, depressurizes column overhead vacuum extractor
Vacuum jet at the same level outlet between peer condenser outlet between be provided with control valve communicating pipe
Line, the entrance pipe of one-level vacuum jet and the export pipeline of I and II condenser are provided with control valve.
A kind of 4. decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described main steam evacuates
The Design cooling load P of vacuum jet on pipelineIt is mainMore than the Design cooling load P that secondary steam evacuates the vacuum jet on pipelineIt is secondary。
5. one kind is existed using the decompression method of the decompression column overhead pumped vacuum systems described in any one of claim 1 ~ 4, its feature
In：Vacuum tower is determined first（18）The crude oil machining load P of tower topSubtract；
By controlling major and minor two steam to evacuate the opening and closing of control valve on pipeline, selection and PSubtractAdaptable vacuum jet
Combining form；Time pattern after being adjusted when vacuum tower overhead gas more than 30% are condensing gas to the former head, when decompression column overhead needs
Adjusted during vacuum during more than conventional operation to back pressure pattern is reduced, when circulating water temperature was more than circulating water temperature in 1 year
Adjusted during average value to increase and cool down surface model.
6. the decompression method of column overhead pumped vacuum systems is depressurized in a kind of utilization according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute
Time pattern is steamed for the relatively large one-level vacuum jet of selection Design cooling load and the relatively small two level of Design cooling load after the former head stated
The collocation operation of vapour evacuation, or the one-level vacuum jet of two-way parallel connection and any secondary vacuum jet are run simultaneously, each to steam
Vapour evacuation uses the condenser condensation of same pipeline peer.
7. the decompression method of column overhead pumped vacuum systems is depressurized in a kind of utilization according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute
The reduction back pressure pattern stated is the second steam evacuation of any one-level vacuum jet and two-way parallel connection while run, or design
The relatively small one-level vacuum jet of load and Design cooling load it is relatively large second steam evacuation collocation operation.
8. the decompression method of column overhead pumped vacuum systems is depressurized in a kind of utilization according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute
The increase cooling surface model stated is that any vacuum jet per one-level is taken out using two condensers condensation at the same level, or secondary steam
The relatively small vacuum jet of Design cooling load evacuates the peer that Design cooling load is relatively large on pipeline using main steam on blank pipe road
Condenser condenses.
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