CN106318357B - A kind of heavy crude thinner and its method of application and reducing thick oil viscosity - Google Patents
A kind of heavy crude thinner and its method of application and reducing thick oil viscosity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy crude thinners, the heavy crude thinner contains alkenes amide polymer, alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and lower alcohol, the weight ratio of the alkenes amide polymer, the alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and the lower alcohol is 1:0.5-3:1-5, the carbon atom number of the lower alcohol is 1-4, the heavy crude thinner is used for viscosity reduction high metal content viscous crude, viscosity >=10000mPas at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude, content >=10% of asphalitine, content >=260mg/kg of W metal+V；The invention further relates to application of the above-mentioned heavy crude thinner in high metal content reducing thick oil viscosity；The invention further relates to a kind of methods of reducing thick oil viscosity.Heavy crude thinner and viscosity reduction method of the invention is directed to high metal content viscous crude viscosity break ratio with higher, and specifically, viscosity break ratio may be up to 75-95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy crude thinner, a kind of application of heavy crude thinner in high metal content reducing thick oil viscosity,
A kind of and method of reducing thick oil viscosity.
Background technique
With the fast development of world economy, the demand to petroleum is continuously increased, and Global Oil reserves are increasingly reduced, crude oil
Heaviness, in poor quality trend are obvious.The prediction of the U.S.'s " the World Refining " magazine, the average API degree of world's crude oil will be by 2000
32.5 drop to 32.3 in 2015, and the exploitation of viscous crude is increasingly valued by people.
However viscous crude has the features such as viscosity is high, and density is big, poor fluidity, exploitation sum aggregate defeated band of these features to viscous crude
Huge difficulty is carried out, for example, viscosity of thickened oil is high, poor fluidity causes viscous crude filtrational resistance in oil reservoir big, so that viscous crude is not
Shaft bottom can be flowed into from oil reservoir, to be difficult to exploit, exploitation of many technologies for viscous crude, such as heating power viscosity reduction has now been developed,
Ultrasonic thinning, the methods of microorganism viscosity reduction, but various methods have the limitation of application, heating power viscosity reduction and ultrasonic thinning consumption
Can be big, microorganism viscosity reduction requires reservoir condition high.
Viscous crude is with other common thin oils main difference is that wherein containing more resin and asphalts, this is also viscous crude
The biggish principal element of viscosity.Colloid, asphaltene molecules are relative molecular mass maximum and the strongest component of polarity in viscous crude, are ground
Study carefully discovery, asphaltene molecules exist in the form of three-dimensional association networks in crude oil, form the very high aggregation of regularity.Glue
Matter Molecular Adsorption forms the transition zone between asphaltene particles and fluid oil, makes asphaltene particles on asphaltene aggregation body
It suspends in the oil, forms colloidal oil.Very big internal friction can be generated when the intermolecular generation relative displacement of crude oil, thus table
Reveal the high viscosity of crude oil.In addition, the colloid of high metal content viscous crude, metal (such as V, Ni etc.) 90% in asphalitine is with porphyrin
Compound form exists, and is combined together with coordinate bond, also results in asphaltene molecules to a certain extent and be gathered in one
It rises, so that the viscosity for causing high metal content viscous crude is bigger than the viscosity of common heavy oil, therefore, the viscous crude of high metal content
Viscosity reduction difficulty is bigger.
The method of reducing thick oil viscosity mainly uses chemical viscosity reduction method in recent years, and chemical viscosity reduction method includes reducing viscosity by emulsifying and oil-soluble
Viscosity reduction has the effect of reducing thick oil viscosity certain.But existing chemical viscosity reduction method is to the viscosity break ratio of high metal content viscous crude
Still not high.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of heavy crude thinner for capableing of specific aim viscosity reduction high metal content viscous crude now.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome heavy crude thinner in the prior art to the viscosity break ratio of high metal content viscous crude not
High defect, provides a kind of heavy crude thinner, a kind of application of heavy crude thinner in high metal content reducing thick oil viscosity, Yi Jiyi
The method of kind reducing thick oil viscosity.
The present inventor has found under study for action, and alkenes amide polymer, alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and lower alcohol are cooperated
The weight ratio for using, and controlling alkenes amide polymer, alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and lower alcohol is 1:0.5-3:1-5, lower alcohol
Carbon atom number is 1-4, heavy crude thinner for viscosity reduction high metal content viscous crude (viscosity at 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude >=
10000mPas, content >=10 weight % of asphalitine, content >=260mg/kg of W metal+V) when, height can be significantly reduced
The viscosity of tenor viscous crude.
Therefore, to achieve the goals above, on the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of heavy crude thinner, the heavy crude thinners
Containing alkenes amide polymer, alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and lower alcohol, the alkenes amide polymer, the alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and
The weight ratio of the lower alcohol is 1:0.5-3:1-5, and the carbon atom number of the lower alcohol is 1-4, and the heavy crude thinner is used for
Viscosity reduction high metal content viscous crude, viscosity >=10000mPas at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude, the content of asphalitine >=
Content >=260mg/kg of 10 weight %, W metal+V.
On the other hand, the application the present invention also provides above-mentioned heavy crude thinner in high metal content reducing thick oil viscosity.
The third aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of methods of reducing thick oil viscosity, this method comprises: by high metal content viscous crude
It is uniformly mixed at 20-100 DEG C with heavy crude thinner, viscosity >=10000mPas at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude,
The content of asphalitine >=10 weight %, content >=260mg/kg of W metal+V, the heavy crude thinner are above-mentioned reducing thick oil viscosity
Agent.
Heavy crude thinner and viscosity reduction method of the invention being capable of pointedly viscosity reduction high metal content viscous crude (at 30 DEG C
Viscosity >=10000mPas, content >=10 weight % of asphalitine, content >=260mg/kg of W metal+V), viscosity break ratio can
Up to 75-95%.
Heavy crude thinner of the invention can specific aim reduce high metal content viscosity of thickened oil, it may be possible to due to alkenes acyl
Amine polymer can be reacted with the intermolecular polar group of high metal content viscous crude studies on asphaltene, be destroyed between asphaltene molecules
The hydrogen bond of interaction, while lower alcohol can destroy the association of metal ion Yu asphalitine fragrance lamella, keep it free
Out, asphaltene aggregation body structure is destroyed, in short, alkenes amide polymer is mutually assisted with lower alcohol and alkyl aryl sulphonic acid
Together, it mutually promotes, realizing specific aim reduces the purpose of high metal content viscosity of thickened oil.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Specific embodiment
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments below.It should be understood that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of heavy crude thinner, which contains alkenes amide polymer, alkyl
The weight ratio of aryl sulfonic acid and lower alcohol, the alkenes amide polymer, the alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and the lower alcohol is 1:
0.5-3:1-5, the carbon atom number of the lower alcohol are 1-4, and the heavy crude thinner is used for viscosity reduction high metal content viscous crude, described
Viscosity >=10000mPas at 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude, content >=10 weight % of asphalitine, the content of W metal+V
≥260mg/kg
Heavy crude thinner according to the present invention, as long as heavy crude thinner contains the alkene that weight ratio is 1:0.5-3:1-5
The carbon atom number of class amide polymer, alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and lower alcohol, lower alcohol is 1-4, and the heavy crude thinner is used for
The above-mentioned specific high metal content viscous crude of viscosity reduction, that is, can be improved the viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner.But the lower alcohol is preferably
At least one of at least one of methanol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol and ethylene glycol, more preferably methanol, ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol, Neng Goujin
The viscosity break ratio of one step raising heavy crude thinner.
Heavy crude thinner according to the present invention, wherein the high metal content viscous crude can be above-mentioned specific composition
High metal content viscous crude, it is preferable that viscosity at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude is 11000-40000mPas, drip
The content of green matter is 10-25 weight %, and the content of W metal+V is 300-800mg/kg, it is highly preferred that the high metal content
Viscosity at 30 DEG C of viscous crude is 16000-34000mPas, and the content of asphalitine is 18-25 weight %, the content of W metal+V
For 300-800mg/kg, so as to further increase the viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner.
Heavy crude thinner according to the present invention, wherein preferably, the alkenes amide polymer, alkyl virtue
When the weight ratio of base sulfonic acid and the lower alcohol is 1:0.5-1:1-3, the viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner can be further increased.
Heavy crude thinner according to the present invention, wherein alkyl aryl sulphonic acid can be the alkyl virtue of this field routine
Base sulfonic acid, it is preferable that the alkyl aryl sulphonic acid contains 1 or 2 alkyl carbon chains, it is highly preferred that the carbon of the alkyl carbon chain
Atomicity is less than 25, further preferably 1-18.
Heavy crude thinner according to the present invention, wherein alkenes amide polymer can be the alkenes of this field routine
The degree of polymerization of amide polymer, the alkenes amide polymer is preferably 10-40, and more preferably 20-30 can be mentioned further
The viscosity break ratio of high viscous oil thinner.It is highly preferred that the alkenes amide polymer be polyacrylamide and/or polybutene amide,
The viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner can further be improved.
On the other hand, the application the present invention provides above-mentioned heavy crude thinner in high metal content reducing thick oil viscosity.
In the present invention, viscosity >=10000mPas at 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude, content >=10 weights of asphalitine
Measure %, content >=260mg/kg of W metal+V, it is preferable that viscosity at 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude is 11000-
40000mPas, the content of asphalitine are 10-25 weight %, and the content of W metal+V is 300-800mg/kg, it is highly preferred that
Viscosity at 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude is 16000-34000mPas, and the content of asphalitine is 18-25 weight %, metal
The content of Ni+V is 300-800mg/kg.
The third aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of methods of reducing thick oil viscosity, this method comprises: by high metal content viscous crude
It is uniformly mixed at 20-100 DEG C with heavy crude thinner, viscosity >=10000mPas at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude,
The content of asphalitine >=10 weight %, content >=260mg/kg of W metal+V, the heavy crude thinner are above-mentioned reducing thick oil viscosity
Agent.
Method according to the present invention, wherein preferably, viscosity at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude is
11000-40000mPas, the content of asphalitine are 10-25 weight %, and the content of W metal+V is 300-800mg/kg, more excellent
Selection of land, viscosity at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude are 16000-34000mPas, and the content of asphalitine is that 18-25 is weighed
% is measured, the content of W metal+V is 300-800mg/kg, can further increase the viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner.
Method according to the present invention, wherein the weight ratio of high metal content viscous crude and heavy crude thinner can be with ability
The weight ratio of domain routine, it is preferable that the weight ratio of high metal content viscous crude and the heavy crude thinner is 1:0.005-0.01.
Embodiment
Viscosity break ratio=(viscosity of viscous crude after initial viscosity-viscosity reduction of viscous crude)/viscous crude initial viscosity × 100%
Embodiment 1
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Selection high metal content viscous crude A (viscosity at 30 DEG C is 16000mPas, and the content of asphalitine is 18 weight %,
The content of W metal+V is 300mg/kg), take 50g to be added in beaker, adding 0.5g heavy crude thinner, (degree of polymerization is 24
The weight ratio of polybutene amide, nonylbenzene sulfonic acid and ethyl alcohol is 1:0.5:1, and the polybutene amide that the degree of polymerization is 24 is purchased from Shanghai letter
Luxuriant and rich with fragrance Chemical Co., Ltd.), it is uniformly mixed at 20 DEG C, stands reaction for 24 hours, then measure it at 30 DEG C with HAAKE VT550
Viscosity be 3200mPas, viscosity break ratio 80%.
Embodiment 2
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Choose high metal content viscous crude B (viscosity 20000mPas at 30 DEG C, the 19 weight % of content of asphalitine, metal
The content 450mg/kg of Ni+V), it takes 50g to be added in beaker, adds the 0.4g heavy crude thinner (polypropylene that the degree of polymerization is 20
The weight ratio of amide, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and methanol is 1:1:2, and the polyacrylamide that the degree of polymerization is 20 is purchased from the great phenanthreneization in Shanghai
Work Co., Ltd), it is uniformly mixed at 50 DEG C, stands reaction for 24 hours, it is viscous at 30 DEG C then to measure it with HAAKE VT550
Degree is 2100mPas, viscosity break ratio 89.5%.
Embodiment 3
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Selection high metal content viscous crude C (viscosity at 30 DEG C is 34000mPas, and the content of asphalitine is 25 weight %,
The content of W metal+V is 800mg/kg), it takes 50g to be added in beaker, adds the 0.25g heavy crude thinner (degree of polymerization 30
Polyacrylamide and the degree of polymerization be 30 the weight ratio of polybutene amide, butyl benzene sulfonic acid and propyl alcohol be 1:1:3, the degree of polymerization is
The weight ratio for the polybutene amide that 30 polyacrylamide and the degree of polymerization is 30 is 1:1, polyacrylamide that the degree of polymerization is 30 and
The polybutene amide that the degree of polymerization is 30 is purchased from Shanghai Hong Fei Chemical Co., Ltd.), it is uniformly mixed at 100 DEG C, stands reaction
For 24 hours, then measuring its viscosity at 30 DEG C with HAAKE VT550 is 1900mPas, viscosity break ratio 94.4%.
Embodiment 4
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Viscosity reduction processing is carried out to high metal content viscous crude according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, ethyl alcohol is replaced with
The ethylene glycol of weight, measuring its viscosity at 30 DEG C with HAAKE VT550 is 3600mPas, viscosity break ratio 77.5%.
Embodiment 5
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Viscosity reduction processing is carried out to high metal content viscous crude according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, it is 24 by the degree of polymerization
Polybutene amide replaces with the polybutene amide (purchased from Shanghai Hong Fei Chemical Co., Ltd.) that the degree of polymerization is 40, uses HAAKE
It is 3800mPas, viscosity break ratio 76.25% that VT550, which measures its viscosity at 30 DEG C,.
Embodiment 6
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Viscosity reduction processing is carried out to high metal content viscous crude according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, it is 24 by the degree of polymerization
Polybutene amide replaces with the polypenthylene amide (purchased from Shanghai Hong Fei Chemical Co., Ltd.) that the degree of polymerization is 24, uses HAAKE
It is 4000mPas, viscosity break ratio 75% that VT550, which measures its viscosity at 30 DEG C,.
Embodiment 7
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Viscosity reduction processing is carried out to high metal content viscous crude according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, the degree of polymerization be 24 it is poly-
The weight ratio of crotonamide, nonylbenzene sulfonic acid and ethyl alcohol is 1:3:5, measures its viscosity at 30 DEG C with HAAKE VT550 and is
4000mPas, viscosity break ratio 75%.
Embodiment 8
The method that the present embodiment is used to illustrate heavy crude thinner and its application and reducing thick oil viscosity of the invention.
Viscosity reduction processing is carried out to high metal content viscous crude according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, high metal content is thick
Oily A replaces with high metal content viscous crude D, and (viscosity at 30 DEG C is 90000mPas, and the content of asphalitine is 46 weight %, gold
The content for belonging to Ni+V is 980mg/kg), measuring its viscosity at 30 DEG C with HAAKE VT550 is 16000mPas, viscosity break ratio
It is 82.2%.
Comparative example 1
Viscosity reduction processing is carried out to viscous crude according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, high metal content viscous crude A is replaced with
(viscosity at 30 DEG C is 16000mPas to viscous crude E, and the content of asphalitine is 18 weight %, and the content of W metal+V is 240mg/
Kg), measuring its viscosity at 30 DEG C with HAAKE VT550 is 7800mPas, viscosity break ratio 51.3%.
Comparative example 2
Viscosity reduction processing is carried out to high metal content viscous crude according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, ethyl alcohol is replaced with
The n-heptanol of weight, measuring its viscosity at 30 DEG C with HAAKE VT550 is 10000mPas, viscosity break ratio 37.5%.
By embodiment 1-8 as can be seen that heavy crude thinner and viscosity reduction method pair of the invention compared with comparative example 1
High metal content viscous crude (viscosity >=10000mPas at 30 DEG C, content >=10 weight % of asphalitine, W metal+V's
Content >=260mg/kg) viscosity break ratio with higher, specifically, viscosity break ratio may be up to 75-95%.
By embodiment 1-8 as can be seen that compare long-chain alcohol compared with comparative example 2, heavy crude thinner of the invention and
Due to having used lower alcohol in viscosity reduction method, viscosity break ratio is greatly improved, this may be since lower alcohol makes Gao Jin
Belong to metal ion separate out from porphyrin compound in content viscous crude, avoids porphyrin compound and condensation containing metal ion
Association occurs for fragrant lamella or conjugated system defect center.
By embodiment 1 as can be seen that when lower alcohol is at least one of methanol, ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol compared with embodiment 4,
The viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner can be further increased.
By embodiment 1 respectively compared with embodiment 5 and 6 as can be seen that alkenes amide polymer be polyacrylamide and/or
Polybutene amide, and the degree of polymerization be 20-30 when, the viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner can be further increased.
Embodiment 1 be can be seen that into alkenes amide polymer, alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and lower alcohol compared with embodiment 7
When weight ratio is 1:0.5-1:1-3, the viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner can be further increased.
By embodiment 1 as can be seen that viscosity at 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude is 11000- compared with embodiment 8
40000mPas, the content of asphalitine are that 10-25 weight % can be into one when the content of W metal+V is 300-800mg/kg
Step improves the viscosity break ratio of heavy crude thinner.
Heavy crude thinner and viscosity reduction method of the invention is capable of (30 DEG C of viscous crude of pointedly viscosity reduction high metal content
When viscosity >=10000mPas, content >=10 weight % of asphalitine, content >=260mg/kg of W metal+V), viscosity break ratio
Up to 75-95%.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of heavy crude thinner, which is characterized in that the heavy crude thinner contain alkenes amide polymer, alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and
Lower alcohol, the weight ratio of the alkenes amide polymer, the alkyl aryl sulphonic acid and the lower alcohol are 1:0.5-3:1-5,
The carbon atom number of the lower alcohol is 1-4, and the heavy crude thinner is used for viscosity reduction high metal content viscous crude, the high metal content
Viscosity >=10000mPas at 30 DEG C of viscous crude, content >=10 weight % of asphalitine, content >=260mg/ of W metal+V
Kg, wherein the alkyl aryl sulphonic acid contains 1 or 2 alkyl carbon chains；The lower alcohol is methanol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol and second two
At least one of alcohol；The degree of polymerization of the alkenes amide polymer is 10-40.
2. heavy crude thinner according to claim 1, wherein the lower alcohol be methanol, ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol at least
It is a kind of.
3. heavy crude thinner according to claim 1, wherein the alkenes amide polymer, the alkyl aryl sulphonic acid
Weight ratio with the lower alcohol is 1:0.5-1:1-3.
4. heavy crude thinner according to claim 1, wherein the carbon atom number of the alkyl carbon chain is less than 25.
5. heavy crude thinner according to claim 1, wherein the carbon atom number of the alkyl carbon chain is 1-18.
6. heavy crude thinner described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization of the alkenes amide polymer
Degree is 20-30.
7. heavy crude thinner according to claim 6, wherein the alkenes amide polymer be polyacrylamide and/or
Polybutene amide.
8. heavy crude thinner described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude
Viscosity be 11000-40000mPas, the content of asphalitine is 10-25 weight %, and the content of W metal+V is 300-
800mg/kg。
9. application of the heavy crude thinner described in any one of claim 1-8 in high metal content reducing thick oil viscosity.
10. a kind of method of reducing thick oil viscosity, which is characterized in that this method comprises: by high metal content viscous crude and heavy crude thinner
It is uniformly mixed at 20-100 DEG C, viscosity >=10000mPas at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude, the content of asphalitine
Content >=260mg/kg of >=10 weight %, W metal+V, the heavy crude thinner are described in any one of claim 1-8
Heavy crude thinner.
11. according to the method described in claim 10, wherein, viscosity at described 30 DEG C of high metal content viscous crude is 11000-
40000mPas, the content of asphalitine are 10-25 weight %, and the content of W metal+V is 300-800mg/kg.
12. method described in 0 or 11 according to claim 1, wherein the high metal content viscous crude and the heavy crude thinner
Weight ratio is 1:0.005-0.01.
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