CN106315610B - A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves - Google Patents
A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves Download PDFInfo
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- CN106315610B CN106315610B CN201610705102.2A CN201610705102A CN106315610B CN 106315610 B CN106315610 B CN 106315610B CN 201610705102 A CN201610705102 A CN 201610705102A CN 106315610 B CN106315610 B CN 106315610B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesizes CHA molecular sieves.Bastard coal mountain flour is dissolved in KOH solution first, ultrasonication is for a period of time；Then template (1 adamantyl ammonium hydroxide of N, N, N trimethyl) is add to the above mixed solution, then ultrasonication is for a period of time；It is eventually adding Ludox or white carbon, continues ultrasonication for a period of time.Gained mixture is transferred in autoclave, room temperature cools down after crystallization, and 13 molecular sieves of SSZ are obtained after solid product washing, filtering, dry, roasting.The present invention meets the theme turned waste into wealth now using Coal Refuse as raw material；Simultaneously using ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation as pretreatment mode; pretreatment time is not only effectively reduced, gel is promoted to generate, greatly shortens CHA generated times; the crystallinity and yield for also improving CHA simultaneously are conducive to large-scale production and the commercial Application of gangue synthesis CHA.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesizes CHA molecular sieves, belong to recycling and section
It can emission reduction field.
Background technology
Gangue is one of the main waste generated in progress of coal mining, and the discharge refuse amount of coal mine accounts for about coal mining at present
The 8%~20% of amount, averagely about 12%.With the continuous extension of coal production, gangue output is growing day by day, due to it
Utilization rate is low and is stacked for a long time, leads to land seizure, causes greatly to pollute to surrounding enviroment and ecoscape.It is rich in gangue
Primary raw material sial containing synthesis zeolite, content SiO2(16%~36%) and Al2O3(52%~65%), but
It is that most of sial is present in the crystalline phases such as quartz, mullite, ochre, magnetite and unformed phase, it can not be direct
Utilize synthesis of molecular sieve, it is therefore desirable to which pretreatment is translated into ready dissolution sial.Gangue preprocess method is main at present
For alkali fusion activation method, but there are treatment temperatures it is high, energy consumption is big, pretreatment time is long, sintetics crystalline phase is poor the shortcomings of.
Ultrasonic wave is the wave that a kind of frequency is more than 16KHz, and good directionality, penetration capacity is strong, is easily obtained and relatively concentrates
Acoustic energy is widely used in ranging, tests the speed, cleans, welding, rubble, sterilizing etc..Ultrasound is propagated in liquid phase or slurry and can be sent out
Raw acoustic cavitation effect can be moved in surrounding medium because acoustic cavitation acts on the bubble generated, be become larger until rupture, bubbles burst production
The high pressure of the raw high temperature and 20MPa for locally exceeding 5000K, not only plays stirring action, while accelerating effect of mass transmitting and chemistry is anti-
The generation answered.
Invention content
For current gangue, there is a sharp increase in output, and utilization rate is low, generates pollution and SSZ-13 manufacturing costs height to environment, closes
At the time it is long the problems such as, the present invention provide it is a kind of with ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesize CHA molecular sieves method, wherein ultrasound
Wave improves gangue utilization rate as gangue preprocess method, environmental pollution is reduced, gangue can be not only reduced
The sial of interior unformed phase and crystalline phase is converted into the time of solubilised state, while promoting the formation of reaction gel, greatly reduces
CHA generated times and energy consumption of reaction, and the crystallinity and yield of CHA are also improved, be conducive to gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves
Large-scale production and commercial Application.
A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves proposed by the present invention, includes the following steps：
Step 1：It pulverizes coal gangue, using ball mill grinding, crosses 200 mesh sieve, obtain the bastard coal mountain flour of uniform particle sizes；
Step 2：The KOH solution for configuring 0.06~0.50mol/L of molar concentration adds the bastard coal mountain flour that step 1 obtains
Enter into the KOH solution, wherein the mass ratio of bastard coal mountain flour and KOH are 0.2~3.0；Ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation are either alternatively or simultaneously
30~90min is acted on, mixed solution A is obtained；
Step 3：The N that mass percent is 15%~30%, N, N- front threes are added into mixed solution A obtained by step 2
Base -1- adamantyl ammonium hydroxide, wherein the mass ratio of adamantane ammonium and KOH are 5.5~17.0；Ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation are handed over
It replaces or acts on 30~90min simultaneously, obtain mixed solution B；
Step 4：Ludox or white carbon are added into mixed solution B obtained by step 3, wherein Ludox or white carbon
Mass ratio with KOH is 3.0~8.0, and ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation either alternatively or simultaneously act on 30~90min, obtain mixture；
Step 5：The mixture that step 4 obtains is transferred to stainless steel and with the autoclave of teflon lined
In, crystallization 0.25~8 day at 130~200 DEG C, room temperature cools down after the completion of crystallization, deionized water filtering three times or more, recycling
Solid product therein, and be washed with deionized, dry, then Muffle furnace roasts under the conditions of air atmosphere and 450-600 DEG C
8 hours are burnt to get to SSZ-13 molecular sieves.
Further, in step 1, the silica alumina ratio of the gangue is 1.0~3.0.
In step 1 to step 3, when ultrasonication, ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz~100KHz, and temperature is 50~100
℃。
The system gel silica alumina ratio of mixture obtained by step 4 is 10~100.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
It is big using yield, and the low gangue of utilization rate is main synthesis material, reduces synthesis cost, reduces environment
Pollution.Using ultrasonic wave as gangue pretreatment mode, CHA generated times can be effectively reduced, reduce energy loss, simultaneously
The crystallinity and solid phase yield for improving CHA, are conducive to industrialized production and scale application.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD spectra of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention one to three, standard in figure, 1,2,3, point
The XRD diagram for the SSZ-13 type molecular sieves that standard CHA, embodiment one, embodiment two, embodiment three synthesize is not corresponded to；
Fig. 2 (A) is the SEM figures of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 (B) is the SEM figures of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 2 (C) is the SEM figures of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention three；
Fig. 3 is the XRD spectra of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention four to six, standard in figure, 4,5,6, point
Do not correspond to standard CHA, example IV, embodiment five, the embodiment six directions at SSZ-13 type molecular sieves XRD diagram；
Fig. 4 (A) is the SEM figures of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention seven；
Fig. 4 (B) is the SEM figures of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention eight；
Fig. 4 (C) is the SEM figures of CHA molecular sieves prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 12.
Specific implementation mode
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, it is described specific
Embodiment is only explained the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment one：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, is as follows：
Step 1：It pulverizes coal gangue, using ball mill grinding, crosses 200 mesh sieve, obtain the bastard coal mountain flour of uniform particle sizes；
Step 2：0.1755g KOH solids are weighed to be dissolved in 26.0682g distilled water (i.e. the molar concentration of KOH solution is
0.12mol/L), the bastard coal mountain flour that 0.1591g step 1 obtains is added after KOH solids are completely dissolved, using supersonic frequency
After 40KHz, the ultrasonication 60min at 80 DEG C, mixed solution A is obtained；
Step 3：The N of mass percent 25%, N, N- trimethyl -1- adamantyl hydrogen are added into above-mentioned mixed solution A
Amine-oxides, supersonic frequency same as described above after ultrasonication 60min, obtain mixed solution B at a temperature of；
Step 4：The silicon source white carbon of 1.0124g, supersonic frequency same as described above are added into above-mentioned mixed solution B
The ultrasonication 60min at a temperature of, obtains mixture, and the system gel ratio of the mixture is：n(H2O:KOH:Al:SiO2:
TMAdaOH)=1800:3:1:15:8.
Step 5：The mixture is transferred in stainless steel and autoclave with teflon lined, in static state
Under the conditions of, the crystallization 12h at 160 DEG C, room temperature cools down after the completion of waiting for crystallization, and three times by the filtering of product deionized water, recycling is wherein
Solid product, and be washed with deionized, and the dry 12h at 100 DEG C, finally, in air atmosphere at a temperature of 550 DEG C
8h is roasted, the SSZ-13 molecular sieves containing unformed shape are finally obtained.
The molecular sieve peak value that it can be seen from the XRD spectrum comparison of standard in Fig. 1 and 1 prepared by the present embodiment one is equal
CHA type zeolite characteristic peaks are belonged to, pure phase CHA zeolites are belonged to.(A) is it can be seen that molecule prepared by the present embodiment one according to fig. 2
Sieving surface, there are still more unformed shapes.
Embodiment two：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, crystallization time was changed to 24 hours by 12 hours in step 5 unlike, final to obtain SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
Comparison is carried out by the XRD spectrum of standard in Fig. 1 and 2 can be seen that, the molecular sieve that the present embodiment two synthesizes belongs to
Pure phase CHA type zeolite molecular sieves.According to fig. 2 (B) it can be seen that the present embodiment two prepare molecular sieve surface there are fraction of nothings
Sizing state.
Embodiment three：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, crystallization time was changed to 2d by 12 hours in step 5 unlike, finally obtained the preferable SSZ-13 molecular sieves of crystal structure.
It can be obtained by the XRD comparisons of standard in Fig. 1 and 3 and the result of Fig. 2 (C), prepared by the present embodiment three
Molecular sieve belongs to pure phase CHA type zeolite molecular sieves, and has pure cubic crystal block.
It can be seen that according to embodiment one, two, three and increase with crystallization time, the unformed shape for synthesizing SSZ-13 gradually decreases,
Crystalline structure gradually improves.
Example IV：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, the molar concentration for the KOH solution prepared in step 2 unlike is changed to 0.06mol/L by 0.12mol/L, brilliant in step 5
The change time was changed to 4d by 12 hours, finally obtained SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
(4) are the XRD diagram that the present embodiment four synthesizes SSZ-13 molecular sieves in Fig. 3, can by comparing standard and 4 collection of illustrative plates
Find out, the molecular sieve that the present embodiment four synthesizes meets CHA molecular sieve peak types, but hump occurs in its XRD spectrum, illustrates to synthesize
Molecular sieve there are unformed shapes.
Embodiment five：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, it is that the molar concentration of the KOH solution prepared in step 2 is changed to 0.5mol/L by 0.12mol/L unlike, in step 5
Crystallization time was changed to 0.5d by 12 hours, finally obtained SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
(5) are the XRD diagram that the present embodiment five synthesizes SSZ-13 molecular sieves in Fig. 3, pass through standard and 5 in comparison diagram 3
As can be seen that the molecular sieve that the present embodiment five synthesizes meets CHA molecular sieve peak types, and without apparent hump, explanation in its XRD spectrum
The molecular sieve unformed shape of synthesis is less or is pure cube block crystal.
After supersonic frequency 40KHz, the ultrasonication 60min at 80 DEG C
Embodiment six：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, the supersonic frequency 40KHz of ultrasonication in step 1 to step 3, the ultrasonication 60min at 80 DEG C are changed to unlike
Supersonic frequency 100KHz, the ultrasound at 100 DEG C and stirring collective effect 90min；Crystallization time was changed to by 12 hours in step 5
0.25d finally obtains SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
In Fig. 3 (6) be the present embodiment six directions at the XRD diagram of SSZ-13 molecular sieves, pass through standard and 6 in comparison diagram 3
As can be seen that the present embodiment six directions at molecular sieve meet CHA molecular sieve peak types, and there is small hump to occur in its XRD spectrum,
Illustrate that the molecular sieve of synthesis contains a small amount of unformed shape.
Embodiment seven：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, the action time of ultrasonication is changed to 90min by 60min in step 1 to step 3 unlike, and step 4 is mixed
The system gel ratio of object is n (H2O:KOH:Al:SiO2:TMAdaOH)=1800:1.7:1:15:8, crystallization time in step 5
It was changed to 2d by 12 hours, finally obtains SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
Fig. 4 (A) is the SEM figures for the SSZ-13 type analysis sieve that the present embodiment seven synthesizes, as seen from the figure the present embodiment seven
The molecular sieve surface of synthesis is still with the presence of a large amount of unformed shapes.
Embodiment eight：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, the action time of ultrasonication is changed to 30min by 60min in step 1 to step 3 unlike, and step 4 is mixed
The system gel ratio of object is：n(H2O:KOH:Al:SiO2:TMAdaOH)=1800:5.5:1:15:8, crystallization time in step 5
It was changed to 0.5d by 12 hours, finally obtains SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
Fig. 4 (B) be the present embodiment octadentate at the SEM of SSZ-13 type analysis sieve scheme, the present embodiment eight as seen from the figure
The zeolite crystal of synthesis is uniform, better crystallinity degree, and purity is higher.
According to example IV, five, six, seven, eight it is found that the molar concentration of KOH solution, content and ultrasound intensity (frequency
Rate), temperature, the having an impact to SSZ-13 such as action time, the reason of generating this mainly high strength supersonic, high concentration
KOH solution etc. can accelerate silicon in gangue, aluminium discharges the generation for accelerating gel to the rate of solution, promote the formation of molecular sieve.
Embodiment nine：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, the mass fraction of the N being added in step 3 unlike, N, N- trimethyl -1- adamantyl ammonium hydroxide are 15%, step
The system gel ratio of rapid four obtained mixtures is：n(H2O:KOH:Al:SiO2:TMAdaOH)=1800:3:1:10:8, step
Crystallization time was changed to 2d by 12 hours in five, finally obtained SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
Embodiment ten：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and one phase of embodiment
Together, the mass fraction of the N being added in different steps three, N, N- trimethyl -1- adamantyl ammonium hydroxide are 15%, step
The system gel ratio of four obtained mixtures is：n(H2O:KOH:Al:SiO2:TMAdaOH)=1800:3:1:30:8,0.5d,
Finally obtain SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
Embodiment 11：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and embodiment one
Identical, the difference is that crystallization temperature is changed to 130 DEG C by 160 DEG C in step 5, crystallization time was changed to 4d by 12 hours, finally obtained
SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
Embodiment 12：A kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, basic step and embodiment one
Identical, the difference is that crystallization temperature is changed to 200 DEG C by 160 DEG C in step 5, crystallization time was changed to 0.25d by 12 hours, finally
Obtain SSZ-13 type molecular sieves.
Fig. 4 (C) is the SEM figures for the SSZ-13 type analysis sieve that the present embodiment 12 synthesizes, as seen from the figure the present embodiment
The molecular sieve crystal of 12 synthesis is pure, but surface is there are still a small amount of unformed shape,.
In conclusion ultrasonication time, crystallization temperature, crystallization time and gel silica alumina ratio are to synthesizing SSZ-13 molecules
The grain size and crystallinity of sieve, purity etc. all have an impact.When improving the ultrasonication time, increasing crystallization temperature, extend crystallization
Between and increase the modes such as gel silica alumina ratio and can promote the generation of SSZ-13 molecular sieves.When crystallization temperature reach 160 DEG C and with
On, when crystallization time is ＞ 0.25d, when reaction gel Si/Al >=10, can with synthetic crystallization degree high, crystal size uniformly, purity
Higher SSZ-13 types molecular sieve.
The present invention meets the theme turned waste into wealth now using solid waste-gangue-as raw material；It utilizes simultaneously
Ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation are used as pretreatment mode, not only effectively reduce pretreatment time, promote gel to generate, greatly shorten CHA
Generated time, while the crystallinity and yield of CHA are also improved, be conducive to the large-scale production and industry of gangue synthesis CHA
Using.
Although above in conjunction with attached drawing, invention has been described, and the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific implementations
Mode, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art are at this
Under the enlightenment of invention, without deviating from the spirit of the invention, many variations can also be made, these belong to the present invention's
Within protection.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA molecular sieves, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：It pulverizes coal gangue, using ball mill grinding, crosses 200 mesh sieve, obtain the bastard coal mountain flour of uniform particle sizes；
Step 2：The bastard coal mountain flour that step 1 obtains is added to by the KOH solution for configuring 0.06~0.50mol/L of molar concentration
In the KOH solution, wherein the mass ratio of bastard coal mountain flour and KOH are 0.2~3.0；Ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation either alternatively or simultaneously act on
30~90min obtains mixed solution A；
Step 3：The N, N, N- trimethyls -1- that mass percent is 15%~30% are added into mixed solution A obtained by step 2
Adamantyl ammonium hydroxide, wherein the mass ratio of adamantane ammonium and KOH are 5.5~17.0；Ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation are alternately or same
30~90min of Shi Zuoyong obtain mixed solution B；
Step 4：Ludox or white carbon are added into mixed solution B obtained by step 3, wherein Ludox or white carbon and KOH
Mass ratio be 3.0~8.0, ultrasound or ultrasonic agitation either alternatively or simultaneously act on 30~90min, obtain mixture；
Step 5：The mixture that step 4 obtains is transferred in stainless steel and autoclave with teflon lined,
Crystallization 0.25~8 day at 130~200 DEG C, room temperature cools down after the completion of crystallization, and deionized water filtering three times or more, recycles it
In solid product, and be washed with deionized, dry, the then Muffle furnace roasting 8 under the conditions of air atmosphere and 450-600 DEG C
Hour to get to SSZ-13 molecular sieves.
2. the method for ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA type molecular sieves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
In one, the silica alumina ratio of the gangue is 1.0~3.0.
3. the method for ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA type molecular sieves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
One in step 3, and when ultrasonication, ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz~100KHz, and temperature is 50~100 DEG C.
4. the method for ultrasound pretreatment gangue synthesis CHA type molecular sieves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The system gel silica alumina ratio of four gained mixtures is 10~100.
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