CN106314125A - 一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构 - Google Patents

一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构 Download PDF

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CN106314125A
CN106314125A CN201610689013.3A CN201610689013A CN106314125A CN 106314125 A CN106314125 A CN 106314125A CN 201610689013 A CN201610689013 A CN 201610689013A CN 106314125 A CN106314125 A CN 106314125A
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auxiliary input
power
shaft
electric vehicle
gear
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吴传宇
蔡福星
吴作勋
周成军
林玲
陈凌霄
陈向文
程国侦
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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Abstract

本发明涉及混合动力电动车领域，目的在于提供一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，所述用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，包括太阳轮、行星轮、行星架、齿圈、主要输入轴、辅助输入轴、辅助输入源、转速传感器和反馈信号处理组件，所述太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈组成行星轮系动力耦合结构，所述主要输入轴为中空轴，所述辅助输入轴安装在主要输入轴中，所述辅助输入轴与太阳轮连接。本发明的有益效果在于：两个输入轴通过套管结构相叠加设置在装置同一侧，使动力输入部分占用空间更小，输出轴以单个转轴的形式输出动力，传动稳定可靠，机械效率高，两个输入轴的动力通过行星轮系动力耦合结构合成一种转速输出。

Description

一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构
技术领域
本发明涉及电动车领域，特别涉及一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构。
背景技术
增程式电动汽车是能源危机背景下的重要科技产物，它克服了传统燃油汽车与纯电动汽车的缺点，依靠多个动力转化装置来实现多种工作模式，增加续航里程。增程方式及动力耦合系统是不同增程式电动汽车间最大的差别所在，其结构与耦合方式决定了增程式电动车系统研究开发的水平和方向，是增程式电动车开发中最为关键的一个环节。如何实现动力耦合装置既具有结构紧凑、控制简易的特点，又能够切换不同的工作模式以适应复杂多变的行车工况以达到省油、减排、增加续航里程的目的，是动力耦合装置技术研发的重点课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服了上述缺陷，提供一种装置结构紧凑，输出效率高的用于增程式电动汽车的动力合成机构。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，包括太阳轮、行星轮、行星架、齿圈、主要输入轴、辅助输入轴、辅助输入源、转速传感器和反馈信号处理组件，所述太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈组成行星轮系动力耦合结构，所述主要输入轴为中空轴，所述辅助输入轴安装在主要输入轴中，所述辅助输入轴与太阳轮连接，所述主要输入轴与行星架连接，所述辅助输入源驱动所述辅助输入轴转动，所述齿圈背面设有输出轴，所述转速传感器朝向所述辅助输入轴方向安装，所述转速传感器与反馈信号处理组件电连接，所述反馈信号处理组件与辅助输入源电连接。
本发明的有益效果在于：实时检测辅助输入轴转速，并调整辅助输入源输出参数，以使两个输入达到最优匹配，两个输入轴通过轴套结构相叠加设置在装置同一侧，使动力输入部分占用空间更小，输出轴以单个转轴的形式输出动力，传动稳定可靠，机械效率高，两个输入轴的动力通过行星轮系动力耦合结构合成一种转速输出，主要输入轴与电动机连接，辅助输入轴与发动机连接，给增程式电动车提供更多适合的输出模式，提高机械效率，降低能耗。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构的立体图；
图2是本发明实施例用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构的结构图；
图3是本发明实施例行星轮系动力耦合结构的立体图；
图4是本发明实施例行星轮系动力耦合结构的反向立体图；
图5是本发明实施例行星轮系动力耦合结构的机械原理图。
标号说明：
1、太阳轮；2、行星轮；3、行星架；4、齿圈；5、主要输入轴；6、辅助输入轴；7、辅助输入源；8、输出轴；9、转速传感器；10、反馈信号处理组件；11、轴承。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合实施方式并配合附图详予说明。
本发明最关键的构思在于：两个输入轴通过轴套结构相叠加设置在装置同一侧，使动力输入部分占用空间更小，两个输入轴的动力通过行星轮系合成并在辅助输入轴处设置转速传感器实现转速反馈调整，使两个动力最优匹配，合成一种转速输出，给电动车提供一种高效的增程结构。
请参阅图1至图5所示，本实施例的用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，包括太阳轮1、行星轮2、行星架3、齿圈4、主要输入轴5、辅助输入轴6、辅助输入源7、转速传感器9和反馈信号处理组件10，所述太阳轮1、行星轮2、行星架3和齿圈4组成行星轮系动力耦合结构，所述主要输入轴5为中空轴，所述辅助输入轴6安装在主要输入轴5中，所述辅助输入轴6与太阳轮1连接，所述主要输入轴5与行星架3连接，所述辅助输入源7驱动所述辅助输入轴6转动，所述齿圈4背面设有输出轴8，所述转速传感器9朝向所述辅助输入轴6方向安装，所述转速传感器9与反馈信号处理组件10电连接，所述反馈信号处理组件10与辅助输入源7电连接。需要辅助动力时实时监测辅助输入轴6的转速，并反馈到辅助输入源。
本发明的工作过程为：辅助输入轴6带动太阳轮1转动，主要输入轴5带动行星架3转动，当主要输入轴5和辅助输入轴6都转动时，两者的动力通过行星轮系动力耦合结构合成传递到输出轴8上，实现双驱动合成单输出。
例如：当行星轮2的齿数为30，太阳轮1的齿数为80，齿圈4的齿数为140齿。主要输入轴5的转速为n1，辅助输入轴6的转速为n2。
当作为纯电动机运行时，主要输入轴5输入动力，辅助输入轴6不动。
当电动机与发动机同时运行时，输出轴8的转速＝0.57*(n1+n2)。
当负载增加，需增加主要输入轴5功率，以提高总体动力输出。此时会造成两个动力输入轴动力不匹配，此时辅助输入轴6的负载能力比主要输入轴5的能力差，造成辅助输入源7堵转或熄火。因此，本例设置一转速传感器9，时时监测辅助输入轴6的转速，当辅助输入轴6的转速下降说明辅助输入源7输入的功率不足，自动增加辅助输入源7功率，这样只要辅助输入轴6下降就增加功率，不必精密计算辅助输入轴6(辅助输入源7)增加功率，可以容易以使两个输入轴动力匹配。
从上述描述可知，本发明的有益效果在于：两个输入轴通过轴套结构相叠加设置在装置同一侧，使动力输入部分占用空间更小，输出轴8以单个转轴的形式输出动力，传动稳定可靠，机械效率高，两个输入轴的动力通过行星轮系动力耦合结构合成一种转速输出，主要输入轴5与电动机连接，辅助输入轴6与发动机连接，给增程式电动车提供更多适合的输出模式，提高机械效率，降低能耗。
进一步的，所述辅助输入轴6与主要输入轴5之间设有轴承11。
由上述描述可知，辅助输入轴6与主要输入轴5之间设有轴承11，使辅助输入轴6与主要输入轴5之间相互形成支撑，并减少摩擦力。
进一步的，所述行星轮2的数量为两个。
进一步的，所述行星轮系动力耦合结构具体包括，所述太阳轮1可转动的安装在齿圈4中心，所述行星轮2可转动的安装在行星架3上，所述行星轮2安装在齿圈4与太阳轮1之间，所述行星轮2一侧与齿圈4啮合，所述行星轮2另一侧与太阳轮1啮合。
请参照图1至图5所示，本发明的实施例一为：
一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，包括太阳轮1、行星轮2、行星架3、齿圈4、主要输入轴5、辅助输入轴6、辅助输入源7、转速传感器9和反馈信号处理组件10，所述太阳轮1、行星轮2、行星架3和齿圈4组成行星轮系动力耦合结构，所述主要输入轴5为中空轴，所述辅助输入轴6安装在主要输入轴5中，所述辅助输入轴6与太阳轮1连接，所述主要输入轴5与行星架3连接，所述辅助输入源7驱动所述辅助输入轴6转动，所述齿圈4背面设有输出轴8，所述转速传感器9朝向所述辅助输入轴6方向安装，所述转速传感器9与反馈信号处理组件10电连接，所述反馈信号处理组件10与辅助输入源7电连接，所述辅助输入轴6与主要输入轴5之间设有轴承11，所述行星轮2的数量为两个，所述行星轮系动力耦合结构具体包括，所述太阳轮1可转动的安装在齿圈4中心，所述行星轮2可转动的安装在行星架3上，所述行星轮2安装在齿圈4与太阳轮1之间，所述行星轮2一侧与齿圈4啮合，所述行星轮2另一侧与太阳轮1啮合。
综上所述，本发明提供的用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，实时检测辅助输入轴转速，并调整辅助输入源输出参数，以使两个输入达到最优匹配，两个输入轴通过轴套结构相叠加设置在装置同一侧，使动力输入部分占用空间更小，输出轴以单个转轴的形式输出动力，传动稳定可靠，机械效率高，两个输入轴的动力通过行星轮系动力耦合结构合成一种转速输出，主要输入轴与电动机连接，辅助输入轴与发动机连接，给增程式电动车提供更多适合的输出模式，提高机械效率，降低能耗，当负载增加，需增加主要输入轴功率，以提高总体动力输出。此时会造成两个动力输入轴动力不匹配，辅助输入轴的负载能力比主要输入轴的能力差，造成辅助输入源堵转或熄火。因此，本例设置一转速传感器，时时监测辅助输入轴的转速，当辅助输入轴的转速下降说明辅助输入源输入的功率不足，自动增加辅助输入源功率，这样只要辅助输入轴转速下降就增加功率，不必精密计算辅助输入轴(辅助输入源)增加功率，可以容易以使两个输入轴动力匹配，主要输入轴与辅助输入轴之间设有轴承，使主要输入轴与辅助输入轴之间相互形成支撑，并减少摩擦力。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，其特征在于：包括太阳轮、行星轮、行星架、齿圈、主要输入轴、辅助输入轴、辅助输入源、转速传感器和反馈信号处理组件，所述太阳轮、行星轮、行星架和齿圈组成行星轮系动力耦合结构，所述主要输入轴为中空轴，所述辅助输入轴安装在主要输入轴中，所述辅助输入轴与太阳轮连接，所述主要输入轴与行星架连接，所述辅助输入源驱动所述辅助输入轴转动，所述齿圈背面设有输出轴，所述转速传感器朝向所述辅助输入轴方向安装，所述转速传感器与反馈信号处理组件电连接，所述反馈信号处理组件与辅助输入源电连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，其特征在于：所述主要输入轴与辅助输入轴之间设有轴承。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，其特征在于：所述行星轮的数量为两个。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于增程式电动车的动力合成机构，其特征在于：所述行星轮系动力耦合结构具体包括，所述太阳轮可转动的安装在齿圈中心，所述行星轮可转动的安装在行星架上，所述行星轮安装在齿圈与太阳轮之间，所述行星轮一侧与齿圈啮合，所述行星轮另一侧与太阳轮啮合。
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