CN106303379B - A kind of video file backward playback method and system - Google Patents
A kind of video file backward playback method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of video file backward playback method and system.The method and system are according to predetermined selection rule, backward chooses a video sequence group from the video file for waiting backward to play, sequence carries out transcoding to each video frame in selected video sequence group, the video frame of transcoding is completed in storage, video frame is decoded as primary flow by backward, primary flow is played, to realize that the backward of video file plays.The present invention passes through the transcoding to video sequence group, obtain be for format I frame video sequence group, and it is stored in memory, then by decoder, backward takes out I frame from memory, realize that the backward of video file plays, the present invention is while realizing that video file backward plays, the memory space for saving memory, the performance consumption for reducing decoder, the function of extending player.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of video monitoring, in particular to a kind of video file backward playback method and system.
Background technique
In field of video monitoring, the broadcasting of video file backward can help user more easily to search and locate to interested
Video content.It is video recording that video file backward, which plays (Play Reverse), in embedded digital hard disc video recorder (DVR)
Play back a critical function in link.During backward plays, user may be selected suspend, put fastly, slow play etc. operates.Realize video text
The technological difficulties that part backward plays are the presence of fixed Decoded Reference relationship in code stream between video frame.
In existing technology, the method for video file backward broadcasting are as follows: firstly, decoder will be in a video sequence group
All frame sequential decodings.One video sequence group, i.e. GOP, full name are Group Of Picture, are frames needed for capable of completing to decode
The intersection of the least video frame of number, the multiple video frames for generally including I frame and being decoded with reference to the I frame, video frame
Usual 25~50 frame of frame number (defines three kinds of frames, the frame completely encoded is raw with reference to I frame before I frame in H264 agreement
At only comprising difference section coding frame cry P frame, with reference to front and back frame coding frame B frame).Secondly, completing a video
After the decoding of sequence group, decoded data is saved in memory, memory needs to save the data after 25~50 frame decodings.Most
Afterwards, successively access completes a video sequence group backward decoding according to player plays are sent to last frame forward from memory.Solution
Code device completes the decoding of a video sequence group, further decoding previous video sequence group；Player takes solution from memory simultaneously
Data after code are played simultaneously.In this way, player plays show picture order and the actual sequence of video frame on the contrary, realizing view
Frequency backward plays.
This video backward plays mechanism, needs all frame sequential decodings of a video sequence group, and will be decoded
Data are saved in memory, then are played by player backward.It is all decoded that memory needs to save a video sequence group
Data.It is 25~50 frames that one video sequence group, which generally comprises video frame number, plays HD video using this mechanism backward, needs
Occupy many memory spaces of memory.
In addition, there is the improved method for playing mechanism based on above-mentioned backward, the problem of occupying larger memory space is optimized.Its
The basic thought of realization repeatedly decodes a video sequence group, data after 2 frame decodings behind each decoding reservation sequence
To memory, earlier data frame is abandoned；Player backward from memory takes data playback to realize that the backward of 2 frame data plays；
While player plays, decoder decodes video sequence group primary, takes to be completed and plays 2 frames before video frame and be saved in
Memory is added backward and plays queue；Decoding video sequence group multiple in this way, until the three frame video of starting of sequence is sent to storage
Device is added backward and plays queue.
Memory capacity demand can be reduced to the call data storage after 6 frame decodings, the generation paid by this optimization method
Valence is the increase of decoder capabilities consumption index multiple.Assuming that a video sequence group totalframes is 25 frames, this backward is played
It is 168 frames (25+23+21+ ...+3) that method, which needs decoded totalframes, and decoder capabilities consumption increases very much.Therefore, this excellent
Change method reduces the consumption of memory capacity to a certain extent, but the drawbacks of bring decoder pressure increase simultaneously.
Therefore, in field of video monitoring, the performance of the memory space, reduction decoder that need a kind of saving memory disappears
The video file backward playback method and system of consumption.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of video file backward playback method and system, by will be in video sequence group
Video frame is encoded again after being decoded one by one, and the format for obtaining all video frames is the video sequence group of I frame, and by its
It is stored in memory, then backward takes out I frame from memory by decoder, primary flow is obtained after being decoded to I frame, and will
The primary flow is sent to player, is played out by player to primary flow, thus realize that the backward of video file plays, this
While realizing that video file backward plays, the memory space for saving memory, expands at the performance consumption for reducing decoder for invention
Open up the function of player.
To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of video file backward playback method, including step
Rapid S1, according to predetermined selection rule, backward chooses a video sequence group from the video file for waiting backward to play；
Step S2 sequentially carries out transcoding to each video frame in selected video sequence group；
The video frame of transcoding is completed in step S3, storage；
Video frame is decoded as primary flow by step S4, backward；
Step S5 plays primary flow.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of video file backward play system is provided, comprising: module is chosen,
For according to predetermined selection rule, backward to choose a video sequence group from the video file for waiting backward to play；
Transcoding module carries out transcoding to each video frame in selected video sequence group for sequence；
Memory module, for storing the video frame for completing transcoding；
Video frame is decoded as primary flow for backward by decoder module；
Playing module, for playing primary flow.
As described above, the present invention is obtained by encoding again after being decoded the video frame in video sequence group one by one
Format to all video frames is the video sequence group of I frame, and is stored in memory, then by decoder from memory
Middle backward takes out I frame and realizes that the backward of video file plays, and the present invention while realizing that video file backward plays, deposit by saving
The memory space of reservoir, the performance consumption for reducing decoder, the function of extending player.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of video file backward playback method in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of video file backward playback method according to the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the step flow chart of video file backward playback method according to the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the predetermined selection rule schematic diagram of video sequence group according to the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the coding mode schematic diagram of predictive encoding format according to the present invention；
Fig. 6 is transcoding step flow chart according to the present invention；
Fig. 7 is video file backward play system module relationship schematic diagram according to the present invention；
Fig. 8 is transcoding module interior processing unit relation schematic diagram according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment and join
According to attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit this hair
Bright range.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, to avoid this is unnecessarily obscured
The concept of invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of video file backward playback method in the prior art.
As shown in Figure 1, in the video file backward playback method of the prior art,
Firstly, sequence is decoded all video frames in a video sequence group, primary flow is obtained；
Secondly, primary flow is stored in memory；
Then, backward takes out the primary flow of each video frame from memory, is sent to player；
Finally, player receives and play primary flow, the backward for completing video file is played.
In the above-mentioned methods, the coding mode of video sequence group to be decoded generally uses H264 standard, therefore a view
Multiple video frames that frequency sequence group generally includes I frame and is decoded with reference to the I frame, the frame number of video frame usual 25~50
Frame, default value are usually 25.By all sequential video frames decoding in a video sequence group with 25~50 frames, 25 are obtained
~50 video frame primary flows.Memory needs to save the original stream data of 25~50 video frames (due in H264 standard, only
I frame be it is independent, the decoding of P frame needs to refer to I frame, therefore must be decoded every time to a video sequence group, then
Primary flow is stored), occupy many memory spaces of memory.Based on drawbacks described above, the invention proposes occupy memory headroom
The video file backward playback method of very little.
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of video file backward playback method according to the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, it is different with video file backward broadcast mode in the prior art, in the present invention, in sequence to one
All video frames in a video sequence group are decoded, and after obtaining primary flow, primary flow is not directly stored in memory,
But coding compression is carried out again to primary flow, the I frame different from the coded format of original video sequence group is obtained, I frame is deposited
It is stored in memory.Backward decoding is carried out to I frame by decoder again later, since last frame, every solution for completing an I frame
Code is just transmitted directly to player and plays out that (since all video frames are all become I frame, I frame decoding is without necessarily referring to other
Frame, therefore can complete single frames decoding and single frames play), this completes backward broadcastings.
Since the memory headroom that I frame occupies will be far smaller than the primary flow of video frame, memory is substantially reduced
Occupied space.
Fig. 3 is the step flow chart of video file backward playback method according to the present invention.
As shown in figure 3, video file backward playback method includes:
Step S1, according to predetermined selection rule, backward chooses a video sequence from the video file for waiting backward to play
Column group.
Video sequence group refers to the set that can complete to decode the least video frame of required frame number.According to the coding of video file
The predetermined selection rule of the difference of format, video sequence group is also different.Assuming that the anchor point for the video file for waiting backward to play
For Pn-1And PnBetween certain frame position, then take stream since from anchor point forward a nearest refresh frame, that is, get code stream { Im
Pn-1…Pn}；
Backward, which refers to, selects video sequence group according to order from the front to the back, if being { I in the preceding video sequence group selectedm
Pn-1…Pn(be free of Pn), then posterior video sequence group is { Im Pn-2…Pn-1(be free of Pn-1)。
Step S2 sequentially carries out transcoding to each video frame in selected video sequence group；
Transcoder is to video sequence group { Im Pn-1…Pn(be free of Pn) in each video frame carry out transcoding, encoded
Format is the video frame of I frame.Sequence refers to decoder according to each view in the selected video sequence group of secondary ordered pair from front to back
Frequency frame carries out transcoding, if the video frame in preceding transcoding is Pn-1, then it is P in the video frame of rear transcodingn。
It include frame class in the code stream of background frames and refresh frame when the coded format of video file uses predictive encoding format
The information such as type, frame time stamp.To getting code stream { I in step S1m Pn-1…PnCarry out in transcoding processing, when being resolved to Pn, that is, divide
P is completed in analysisnAfter the frame informations such as the frame type of frame, time stamp, stop transcoding processing, current video sequence group transcoding is completed.According to Pn-1
Timestamp information, traverse previous refresh frame Pn-2, code fetch stream { Im Pn-2…Pn-1, when sequentially handling code stream transcoding, solution
Analyse Pn-1, stop transcoding processing, the processing of video sequence group is completed.
As the video sequence group { I of the starting of image groupm…P1Backward finishes playing, indicate image group { Im…Im+1At
Reason finishes.Similarly, previous image group { I is reprocessedm-1…Im}.When completion is to the first image group of backward playing video file
{I1…I2Transcoding, the broadcasting of entire video file backward terminates.
The video frame of transcoding is completed in step S3, storage；
The video frame for completing transcoding is stored in memory.Since the first frame in video sequence group is I frame or background
Frame is used as the reference frame being decoded to video frame thereafter, and the first frame video frame of multiple video sequence groups
It is identical.In order to avoid repeating playing, in addition to the first video sequence group { I of image groupm…P1(be free of P1), first frame ImTranscoding
After need to store, the first frame I of remaining video sequence groupmIt does not need to store after transcoding.
Video frame is decoded as primary flow by step S4, backward；
Decoder takes out video frame according to order from back to front from memory, and decodes it as primary flow.Assuming that
Two refresh frame Pn-1And PnBetween be divided into 25 frames, current video sequence group { Im Pn-1…Pn(be free of Pn), all video frames are complete
At transcoding, obtaining I frame sequence is { In-1,1 In-1,2 … In-1,25, then decoder decodes I firstn-1,25, finally decode In-1,1。
Step S5 plays primary flow；
The every decoding for completing a video frame of decoder, then be sent to player for the primary flow obtained after decoding.Therefore,
If being I in the video frame of preceding broadcastingn-1,25, then it is I in the video frame of rear broadcastingn-1,1。
In above step, transcoder is while transcoding, video frame in decoder synchronization backward decoding storage, plays
The primary flow that decoding obtains is played simultaneously in device, so that the backward for realizing video file plays.
After step s 5 further include step S6 in the present invention, judges whether selected video sequence group is to wait backward
The last one video sequence group, if it is ends processing in the video file of broadcasting, if otherwise according to predetermined selection rule,
The step of backward chooses next video sequence group, repeats S2-S5.
After previous video sequence group finishes, judging whether selected video sequence group is that backward is waited to play
Video file in the last one video sequence group, if it is end processing, if otherwise according to predetermined selection rule, backward
Next video sequence group is chosen, step S2- step S5 is repeated, until all in the video file for waiting backward to play
Video sequence group all finishes, then stops process.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, further comprising the steps of after step s4: video frame is solved
When code, according to the timestamp of video frame, decoded output speed is controlled by way of increasing output delay or reducing output delay
Rate.
In video file backward playing process, user usually has pause, puts fastly or the functional requirement of slow play, for reality
The now function, can according to the timestamp of video frame, by the decoded output of delays time to control decoder, realize backward quickly plays with
Slow play.Increase output delay, realizes backward slow play；Reduce output delay, realizes that backward is put fastly.
Fig. 4 is the predetermined selection rule schematic diagram of video sequence group according to the present invention.
As shown in figure 4, when wait backward play video file coded format be H264 standard when, choose I frame and
The multiple video frames being decoded with reference to the I frame are as a video sequence group；
When the coded format for the video file for waiting backward to play is predictive encoding format, background frames, refresh frame are chosen
And multiple video frames that the reference background frames and refresh frame are decoded are as a video sequence group.
Fig. 5 is the coding mode schematic diagram of predictive encoding format according to the present invention.
As shown in figure 5, the type of coded frame includes background frames, refresh frame and normal frames in predictive encoding format.
Background frames are to input the less input frame of target, the coding mode etc. of background frames by the frame that context analyzer is chosen
The I frame coding being same as in H264.Time interval default value between every two background frames is generally set to 60 seconds, totalframes default value
It is generally set to 1500.
Refresh frame is formed to the encoding video pictures of input frame, in coding, with reference to background frames, to background frames with work as
The difference of previous frame is encoded.Coding mode of the coding mode of refresh frame using the P frame in H264 standard, every two refresh frame
Between time interval default value be generally set to 1 second, totalframes is generally defaulted as 25.
Normal frames are also to form to the encoding video pictures of input frame, in coding, with reference to former frame and background
The difference of frame, difference and present frame and background frames to present frame and former frame encodes.
Fig. 6 is transcoding step flow chart according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, transcoding refers to the coded format of transformed video frame, the specific steps are that:
Step S21 is decoded the video frame that coded format is P frame, obtains primary flow；
Step S23 carries out compressed encoding to primary flow, obtains the video frame that coded format is I frame.
In another alternative embodiment of the invention, further includes step S22 after step S21, primary flow is divided
The diminution of resolution is handled.By increasing step S22, the function that extension plays can be played.High-resolution video is played in backward
When file, the primary flow obtained after decoding is subjected to diminution processing, then primary flow encodes to reducing that treated, to make
The resolution that secures satisfactory grades video frame becomes lower resolution video frame, and then reduces memory space, and reduce subsequent decoder backward solution
The performance pressures of code.
Fig. 7 is video file backward play system module relationship schematic diagram according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, video file backward play system includes: to choose module 1, for according to predetermined selection rule, from
Backward chooses a video sequence group in the video file for waiting backward to play；Transcoding module 2, for sequence to selected video
Each video frame in sequence group carries out transcoding；Memory module 3, for storing the video frame for completing transcoding；Decoder module 4 is used
Video frame is decoded as primary flow in backward；Playing module 6, for playing primary flow.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, video file backward play system further include: delay output control mould
Block 5 controls decoder module by way of increasing output delay or reducing output delay for the timestamp according to video frame
Decoding output rate.
In video file backward playing process, user usually has pause, puts fastly or the functional requirement of slow play, for reality
The now function increases delay output control module 5, can pass through the solution of delays time to control decoder according to the timestamp of video frame
Code output, realization backward quickly plays and slow play.When increasing output delay, backward slow play is realized；It is delayed when reducing output,
Realize that backward is put fastly.
Fig. 8 is unit relation schematic diagram in transcoding module according to the present invention.
As shown in figure 8, transcoding module includes: decoding unit 21 and coding unit 23.Decoding unit 21 is to coded format
The video frame of P frame is decoded, and obtains primary flow.Coding unit 23 carries out compressed encoding to primary flow, and obtaining coded format is
The video frame of I frame.
In another alternative embodiment of the invention, transcoding module further include: unit for scaling 22, to the decoding unit
The primary flow of output carries out the diminution processing of resolution ratio.
It should be understood that above-mentioned specific embodiment of the invention is used only for exemplary illustration or explains of the invention
Principle, but not to limit the present invention.Therefore, that is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention is any
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.In addition, appended claims purport of the present invention
Covering the whole variations fallen into attached claim scope and boundary or this range and the equivalent form on boundary and is repairing
Change example.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of video file backward playback method characterized by comprising
Step S1, according to predetermined selection rule, backward chooses a video sequence group from the video file for waiting backward to play；
Wherein, the predetermined selection rule are as follows:
When wait backward play video file coded format be H.264 standard when, choose I frame and with reference to the I frame into
The decoded multiple video frames of row are as a video sequence group；
When wait backward play video file coded format be predictive encoding format when, choose background frames, refresh frame and
The multiple video frames being decoded with reference to the background frames and refresh frame are as a video sequence group；
The refresh frame is formed to the encoding video pictures of input frame, and the refresh frame is in coding, with reference to the background frames,
The difference of the background frames and the input frame is encoded；
Step S2 sequentially carries out transcoding to each video frame in selected video sequence group；
The video frame of transcoding is completed in step S3, storage；
Video frame is decoded as primary flow by step S4, backward；
Step S5 plays primary flow.
2. a kind of video file backward playback method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include step S6, sentence
Whether selected video sequence group of breaking is the last one video sequence group in the video file for waiting backward to play, and is if it is tied
Beam processing, if backward chooses next video sequence group, repeatedly the step of S2-S5 otherwise according to predetermined selection rule.
3. a kind of video file backward playback method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the predictive encoding format
The type of middle coded frame includes background frames, refresh frame and normal frames；
The coding mode of the background frames uses the coding mode of the I frame in H.264 standard, the time between every two background frames
Between be divided into 60 seconds, totalframes be frame 1500；
The coding mode of the refresh frame uses the coding mode of the P frame in H.264 standard, the time between every two refresh frame
Between be divided into 1-2 seconds, totalframes 25-50；
The coding mode of the normal frames is the difference of difference and present frame and background frames with reference to present frame and former frame
It is not encoded.
4. a kind of video file backward playback method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that transcoding described in step S2
Step includes:
Step S21 is decoded the video frame that coded format is P frame, obtains primary flow；
Step S23 carries out compressed encoding to primary flow, obtains the video frame that coded format is I frame.
5. a kind of video file backward playback method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step S21 it
Afterwards, further include step S22 before step S23: the diminution for carrying out resolution ratio to primary flow is handled.
6. a kind of video file backward playback method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also wrapped in the step S4
It includes following steps: when being decoded to video frame, according to the timestamp of video frame, being prolonged by increasing output delay or reducing output
When mode control decoded output speed.
7. a kind of video file backward play system characterized by comprising
Module is chosen, for according to predetermined selection rule, backward to choose a video from the video file for waiting backward to play
Sequence group；
Predetermined selection rule in the selection module are as follows:
When the coded format for the video file for waiting backward to play is H.264 standard, chooses I frame and refer to the I
Multiple video frames that frame is decoded are as a video sequence group；
When wait backward play video file coded format be predictive encoding format when, choose background frames, refresh frame and
The multiple video frames being decoded with reference to the background frames and refresh frame are as a video sequence group；
The refresh frame is formed to the encoding video pictures of input frame, and the refresh frame is in coding, with reference to the background frames,
The difference of the background frames and the input frame is encoded；
Transcoding module carries out transcoding to each video frame in selected video sequence group for sequence；
Memory module, for storing the video frame for completing transcoding；
Video frame is decoded as primary flow for backward by decoder module；
Playing module, for playing primary flow.
8. a kind of video file backward play system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the predictive encoding format
The type of coded frame includes background frames, refresh frame and normal frames；
The coding mode of the background frames uses the coding mode of the I frame in H.264 standard, the time between every two background frames
Between be divided into 60 seconds, totalframes 1500；
The coding mode of the refresh frame uses the coding mode of the P frame in H.264 standard, the time between every two refresh frame
Between be divided into 1-2 seconds, totalframes 25-50；
The coding mode of the normal frames is the difference of difference and present frame and background frames with reference to present frame and former frame
It is not encoded.
9. a kind of video file backward play system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the transcoding module includes:
Decoding unit is decoded each video frame in selected video sequence group for sequence, obtains primary flow；
Coding unit obtains the video frame that coded format is I frame for carrying out compressed encoding to primary flow.
10. a kind of video file backward play system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the transcoding module is also wrapped
It includes:
Unit for scaling, the diminution processing of the carry out resolution ratio of the primary flow for being exported to the decoding unit.
11. a kind of video file backward play system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include:
Be delayed output control module, for the timestamp according to video frame, by increasing output delay or reducing output delay
Mode controls the decoding output rate of decoder module.
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| CN107222779B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2019-11-19 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device of video play-reverse |
| CN107948571B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2021-11-02 | 努比亚技术有限公司 | Video recording method, device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN108401188A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-14 | 青岛海信传媒网络技术有限公司 | A kind of method and device of media play |
| CN110351553B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2023-09-22 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Video back-playing and video back-playing data processing method and device and computer equipment |
| CN111641824B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-08-05 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Video reverse playing method and device |
| CN109889895A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Video broadcasting method, device, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN112449239B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2023-05-02 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Video playing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN110891178B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2022-05-24 | 瑞芯微电子股份有限公司 | Method and device for real-time rendering of video |
| CN111757121A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-09 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Video stream reverse playing method and device |
| CN112911389B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-09-06 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Video playing switching method, electronic equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN113207040A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-03 | 广州市云上科技有限公司 | Data processing method, device and system for video remote quick playback |
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