CN106301294B - Coaxial spiral reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms line - Google Patents
Coaxial spiral reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms line Download PDFInfo
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- CN106301294B CN106301294B CN201610696434.9A CN201610696434A CN106301294B CN 106301294 B CN106301294 B CN 106301294B CN 201610696434 A CN201610696434 A CN 201610696434A CN 106301294 B CN106301294 B CN 106301294B
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- middle cylinder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2823—Wires
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2823—Wires
- H01F2027/2833—Wires using coaxial cable as wire
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of pulse power, the spiral for being related to a kind of coaxial configuration reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms line, and the purpose is to solve the problems, such as that pulse transformer charging ability restricts pulse power device to generate higher voltage.The present invention includes that totally 3 parts form for the outside line to form line, spiral reentry interior lines and main switch, and it includes the different multiple helix sections of screw pitch that wherein spiral, which reentries line,.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) coaxial pulse, which forms line, realizes more times of voltage outputs using spiral reentry structure, structure is simple, easy to accomplish；(2) present invention will break through the limited charging ability of pulse transformer, and the direction of driving pulse power device toward higher voltage is developed；(3) on the basis of the present invention breaks through built-in transformer charging ability, the transformer oil medium of low energy storage is substituted using the solid dielectric of high energy storage density in conjunction with interior lines, the miniaturization of the Pulse Power Techniques of built-in transformer type can be pushed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pulse power, are related to a kind of more multiplication of voltages of same axial screw reentry and form lines.
Background technique
The Sinus series high-voltage pulse generator of Russia uses the high coupling transformer with open circuit magnetic core and coaxial shape
At the integrated compact technology of line.The charging amplitude of built-in transformer depends primarily on the insulating capacity to form line, that is, forms line
Radial dimension determine the charging ability of built-in transformer.Transformer is placed in form simultaneously integration inside line, is greatly improved
The transformer charging amplitude of charging ability, Sinus generator reaches MV magnitude.The fan-out capability of high voltage pulse transformer after all
Limited, large-scale magnetic core, the technology difficulty of coil are big, the magnetic property of magnetic core and the decreasing insulating of coil, and system is run steady
Qualitative and reliability is affected.Either the pulse power supply of pulse transformer externally positioned type or transformer built-in type is tight
It gathers clock, develops toward the direction of higher voltage, require new Technology Ways to break through the limitation of transformer charging ability.
More times of voltage outputs (Smith.I.D., 1982) can may be implemented in ladder-like formation line shown in FIG. 1, to mitigate
Charge pressure.The ladder-like formation line of Darlington route only needs a main switch, and load is connected to by the supplement line segment concatenated
Ladder, which is formed on line, can be realized as more times of voltage outputs, but formation linear dimension is too long, and the practicability is poor, needs to be improved.
Summary of the invention
Higher voltage is generated to overcome the problems, such as that pulse transformer charging ability restricts pulse power device, the present invention provides
A kind of methods that coaxial spiral reentries more multiplication of voltages formation lines and more times of voltage of generation.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is formed by technical solution:
Coaxial spiral provided by the present invention reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms line, including main switch, outside line, interior lines and load RL,
It is characterized in that
The interior lines include the middle cylinder of coaxial arrangement and the spiral inner cylinder that is nested in middle cylinder, the middle cylinder and spiral inner cylinder
Between have dielectric；
The spiral inner cylinder is by the conducting wire helically coiling of multiple origin or beginning parallel connections, and bore is identical, from front to back successively by N
The helical segments that a screw pitch and length all reduce are formed by connecting, and N is the natural number more than or equal to 1；
Dielectric between the middle cylinder, spiral inner cylinder and two constitute by N number of helix section form it is non-
Even spiral reentries interior lines, the delay electrical length of each helix section and the deferred telegram equal length of outside line, each since front end
The slow wave coefficient of helical segments is successively are as follows: (1 × 2) N/ (N+1), (2 × 3) N/ (N+1), N2, each helical segments length
Successively with the ratio of outer line length are as follows: (N+1)/[(1 × 2) N], (N+1)/[(2 × 3) N], 1/N2；
One end of the middle cylinder has bottom, and the other end is opening, and open end is opened a way,
The main switch is located in middle cylinder, and the cathode of the main switch is connect with the bottom of middle cylinder, the sun of the main switch
Pole is connect with the front end of spiral inner cylinder, and the rear end of the spiral inner cylinder and load connect.
Above-mentioned outside line includes the metal outer cylinder for being coaxially disposed and being located on the outside of middle cylinder with middle cylinder, the metal outer cylinder ground connection,
It is connected close to one end of load and load；
Dielectric, the insulation between the metal outer cylinder, middle cylinder and two are provided between the metal outer cylinder, middle cylinder
Medium constitutes outside line.
Above-mentioned load RL, when resistance value is outside line and close the sum of the impedance of helical segments loaded, output power is most
Greatly, corresponding load voltage is (N+1)/2 times of charging voltage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention beneficial effect is:
1, pulse shaping cable architecture of the invention is simple, easy to accomplish.
2, pulse-forming line of the invention substitutes ladder-like interior lines by that will reentry interior lines with non-homogeneous spiral, is realizing
While more times of voltage outputs, the size to form line is reduced, practicability is good, facilitates the limited charging for breaking through pulse transformer
The direction of ability, driving pulse power device toward higher voltage is developed.
3, on the basis of the present invention breaks through built-in transformer charging ability, it is situated between in conjunction with interior lines using the solid of high energy storage density
Matter substitutes the transformer oil medium of low energy storage, can push the miniaturization of the Pulse Power Techniques of built-in transformer type.
4, can be reduced using pulse-forming line of the invention in the case where pulse power device voltage requirements are certain
It is difficult to reduce magnetic core technique so that the core length for forming high coupling transformer built in line shortens for the charging voltage of transformer
Degree generates application for ultra-wide spectrum pulse, can shorten to form line length to improve system effectiveness.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is ladder-like formation line schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that coaxial spiral of the present invention reentries more multiplication of voltages formation knot compositions.
Fig. 3 is a miniaturized application example of the invention.
In figure, 1 outer cylinder, cylinder in 2,3 spiral inner cylinders, 4 switch cathodes, 5 switch anodes, 6 load RL, 7 outer magnetic cores, 8 is primary
Coil, 9 secondary coils, 10 inner magnetic cores, τ indicate to form the electrical length of line, ρ1……ρNIndicate that ladder forms each section of line of wave resistance
It is anti-, Z0For the wave impedance for supplementing line segment.K1……KNIndicate the slow wave coefficient of each section of helix, L1……LNIndicate that helix is each
The length of section, ρ0Formation line impedence when for spiral inner cylinder being treated as straight conductor cylinder, with middle cylinder composition.
Specific embodiment
The present invention solves thinking used by its technical problem: more multiplication of voltage principles based on the ladder-like formation line of Smith,
Using the better coaxially formed line form of insulating capacity；Length is shortened using the ladder-like formation line of non-homogeneous helix substitution multistage
Degree pushes ladder-like more multiplication of voltages to form the functionization of lineation opinion；Transformer is integrated with line is formed to can be achieved very high charging electricity
More multiplication of voltages of pressure, the formation line built-in screw type again form line, higher voltage output may be implemented, and compact-sized.
It elaborates below in conjunction with attached drawing to preferred embodiment of the invention.
It includes forming line, main switch and load totally three parts that coaxial spiral, which reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms cable architecture,.Form line
It is made of outer cylinder 1, middle cylinder 2, spiral inner cylinder 3 and insulation filling medium.3 bore of spiral inner cylinder is uniform, in parallel by multiple origin or beginnings
Conducting wire helically coiling, adjacent wires insulation, spiral coil are successively all reduced by N sections of screw pitch and length non-equal from front to back
Even section is formed by connecting, and N is the natural number more than or equal to 1.Outer cylinder 1, middle cylinder 2 and spiral inner cylinder 3 this 3 conductor tube length degree are substantially
Equal, diameter is gradually reduced, and the integrated coaxial structure to be nested together.Outer cylinder 1 front end open circuit (not with middle cylinder 2, spiral
The conductive components electrical connections such as inner cylinder 3, switch cathode 4, switch anode 5), rear end and load RLIt is grounded together.Middle 2 front end of cylinder with open
The electrical contact connection of cathode 4 is closed, (being not connected to) is opened a way in rear end.The front end of spiral inner cylinder 3 with switch anode 5 be electrically connected, rear end with bear
Carry RLElectrical contact connection.Dielectric is filled between the adjacent cylinders of 3 conductor cylinders.Outer cylinder 1, middle cylinder 2 and the above two it
Between filling dielectric constitute outside line.Middle cylinder 2 and spiral inner cylinder 3 and the filling dielectric between the above two are constituted by N number of
The non-homogeneous spiral of helix section reentries interior lines, the delay electrical length and the delay electrical length phase of outside line of each helix section
Deng the slow wave coefficient of each helical segments since front end is successively are as follows: (1 × 2) N/ (N+1), (2 × 3) N/ (N+1),
N2, the ratio of each helical segments length and outer line length is successively are as follows: (N+1)/[(1 × 2) N], (N+1)/[(2 × 3)
N]、···、1/N2。
Main switch is made of the switching gas medium of switch cathode 4, switch anode 5 and filling.Switch cathode 4 and switch sun
Pole 5 form main switch a pair of electrodes, clearance distance by main switch specific works condition (gap voltage, switching gas, field
Enhancing etc.) it determines, the other end and the electrical contact of middle 2 front end of cylinder for switching cathode 4 connect, in the other end and spiral for switching anode 5
The front end of cylinder 3 is in electrical contact connection.
Load RLOne end ground connection, the other end connect spiral inner cylinder 3 rear end.When load output power maximum, load resistance
Resist to form the sum of the impedance of the outside line of line and the helical segments N close to rear end.
Pulse shaping principle: cylinder 2 fills high voltage U with during charging battery0, outer cylinder 1 and spiral inner cylinder 3 are equal ground
Current potential, outside line and spiral reentry the equal energy storage in interior lines.After main switch closure, interior lines are reentried along non-homogeneous spiral and transmit a voltage
The pulse that amplitude constantly increases, at i-th section, amplitude is-iU0/ 2, wherein i=1,2 ..., N；The finally output arteries and veins in load
Width is 2 times of outside line electrical length, when output power maximum, corresponding load voltage (N+1) U0/2。
Of the invention is structurally characterized in that: formation line of the invention is integrated coaxial configuration, contains 3 and is nested together
Conductor cylinder: outer cylinder, middle cylinder and spiral inner cylinder heterogeneous, constituting two pulse-forming lines, (outside line and non-homogeneous spiral are reentried
Interior lines), wherein it includes multiple helix sections that non-homogeneous spiral reentries interior lines again.
Following example 1 is referring to Fig. 2.
In the present embodiment, the outside line and spiral for forming line reentry interior lines and are all made of identical dielectric, and transformer oil fills
Electric pulse transformer built-in can form line, can also be external.
More multiplication of voltages form the complete output of heat input efficiency, it is desirable that the impedance of outside line and the impedance of spiral reentry interior lines meet
Certain relationship: Z0=N ρ0, ρ0For reentry spiral interior lines equivalent coaxial line impedence,εrTo be situated between
Matter relative dielectric constant, r1For spiral inner cylinder radius, r2To form cylinder radius in line.To meet the relationship, N is bigger, forms line
Outside line field strength is smaller.And the outside line field strength that forms line is lower to make the volume of device larger.Need to take into account in actual design be
The requirement for the efficiency and occupied space volume of uniting, exchanges the reduction to form line volume for sacrifice certain efficiency, in general,
It asks and to form line 85% or more is reached about to the efficiency of transmission η of load.
Assuming that forming line trickle charge electric process, coaxial straight conductor surface design maximum field strength is E in transformer oil mediumm, enable α
For spiral inner cylindrical surface field strength and EmRatio, the insulating process of Sinus helix realizes α value and reaches~0.9, enables during β is
Cylinder outer surface field strength and EmRatio.
For high power applications occasion, it is desirable that when the outer cylinder size of formation line is certain, output power is maximum.At this point,WhereinB=(N+1)2/η-N2-1。
The design parameter of 1 high power devices of table
By table 1, when N >=3, middle cylinder outer surface field strength is lower than 0.6 times of design maximum field strength, is just able to achieve 85% or more
Load transmission efficiency, formation line volume is excessive, which is not suitable for high power devices substantially.
For high voltage applications occasion, it is desirable that when the outer cylinder size of formation line is certain, output voltage is maximum, at this point,
The design parameter of 2 high voltage device of table
By table 2, when N >=2, middle cylinder outer surface field strength is lower than 0.6 times of design maximum field strength, is just able to achieve 85% or more
Load transmission efficiency, formation line volume is excessive, which is not suitable for high voltage device substantially.
Following example 2 is referring to Fig. 3.
The present embodiment is miniaturization short pulse source design scheme of the invention: the outside line and spiral for forming line are reentried interior lines and are adopted
With different dielectrics, outside line uses transformer oil, and integrated with built-in transformer.8 both ends of inner magnetic core 10 and outer magnetic core
Magnetic core open circuit, respectively using middle cylinder 2 and outer cylinder 1 as base cylinder, magnetic property circumferencial direction is discontinuous, axially consecutive；Primary coil 8 is
Single turn cylindrical coil, against the inside of outer magnetic core 8, and it is insulated from each other, coil both ends pass through the extraction column of outer cylinder 1 and outer magnetic core 8
It is connect with the external circuit of primary；Secondary coil 9 is the cone cell coil of many circles, positioned at the outer of primary coil and inner magnetic core
Side, and it is insulated from each other, 9 inner opposite end of secondary coil is electrically connected with middle cylinder, is electrically connected close to lateral ends with outer cylinder 1.
Only when the interior lines for forming line are different from outside line medium, and the insulation performance of interior lines medium is much higher than outside line medium
When, outside line medium can be only achieved maximum insulation field strength design, realize miniaturization.High molecular weight polyethylene relative dielectric constant 2.2,
Disruptive field intensity 500kV/cm is higher than transformer oil.Polypropylene film winding layer is a kind of following new insulation system material, absolutely
Edge performance is better than High molecular weight polyethylene, and relative dielectric constant 2.2, disruptive field intensity may be up to 1MV/cm or more, but technique is still
Prematurity, higher cost.Assuming that line trickle charge electric process is formed, coaxial straight conductor surface design maximum field strength in transformer oil medium
For Em, Miniaturization Design require in cylinder outer surface field strength reach design maximum value Em.Only realize that more multiplication of voltages form the ideal of line
Efficiency of transmission is just able to achieve miniaturization, it is desirable that meets outside line impedance Z0=N ρ0, ρ0For the equivalent coaxial line resistance for reentrying spiral interior lines
It is anti-,εrFor medium relative dielectric constant, r1For spiral inner cylinder radius, r2To form cylinder half in line
Diameter.Enabling α is spiral inner cylindrical surface field strength and EmRatio, have
Load voltage is
Wherein, r3To form line outer cylinder radius.Bearing power is
One timing of line radial dimension is formed, whenWhen, output voltage is maximum, at this timeα
=Nexp (1/N)；WhenWhen, output power is maximum, at this timeα=Nexp [1/ (2N)].
The power maximum and voltage design maximum parameter of 3 miniaturization device of table
By table 3, it can be achieved that more multiplication of voltages based on N≤3 form the Gao Gong of line when interior lines use High molecular weight polyethylene medium
Rate pulse miniaturization device, and realize that more multiplication of voltages based on N≤2 form the high voltage pulse miniaturization device of line.
Claims (3)
1. coaxial spiral reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms line, including main switch, outside line, interior lines and load RL, it is characterised in that:
The interior lines include the middle cylinder being coaxially disposed and the spiral inner cylinder being nested in middle cylinder, between the middle cylinder and spiral inner cylinder
With dielectric；
The spiral inner cylinder is by the conducting wire helically coiling of multiple origin or beginning parallel connections, and bore is identical, from front to back successively by N number of spiral shell
Away from and the helical segments that all reduce of length be formed by connecting, N is the natural number more than or equal to 1；
Dielectric between the middle cylinder, spiral inner cylinder and two constitutes the non-homogeneous spiral shell being made of N number of helix section
Interior lines, the delay electrical length of each helix section and the deferred telegram equal length of outside line, each spiral since front end are reentried in rotation
The slow wave coefficient of section is successively are as follows: (1 × 2) N/ (N+1), (2 × 3) N/ (N+1), N2, each helical segments length and outer
The ratio of line length is successively are as follows: (N+1)/[(1 × 2) N], (N+1)/[(2 × 3) N], 1/N2；
One end of the middle cylinder has bottom, and the other end is opening, open end open circuit；
The main switch is located in middle cylinder, and the cathode of the main switch is connect with the bottom of middle cylinder, the anode of the main switch with
The front end of spiral inner cylinder connects, and the rear end of the spiral inner cylinder and load connect.
2. coaxial spiral according to claim 1 reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms line, it is characterised in that: the outside line includes in
Metal outer cylinder cylinder coaxial arrangement and be located on the outside of middle cylinder, the metal outer cylinder ground connection, connects close to one end of load and load；
Dielectric, the dielectric between the metal outer cylinder, middle cylinder and two are provided between the metal outer cylinder, middle cylinder
Constitute outside line.
3. coaxial spiral according to claim 1 or 2 reentries more multiplication of voltages and forms line, it is characterized in that:
The load RL, when resistance value is outside line and close the sum of the impedance of helical segments loaded, output power is maximum, corresponding
Load voltage be charging voltage (N+1)/2 times.
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| CN106301294B true CN106301294B (en) | 2019-05-07 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105306016A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-03 | 西北核技术研究所 | Coaxial spiral re-entry pulse forming line |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105306016A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-03 | 西北核技术研究所 | Coaxial spiral re-entry pulse forming line |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "一种Tesla型的螺旋脉冲形成线设计";潘亚峰等;《高电压技术》;20050930;第31卷(第9期);第47-49页 |
| "三导体螺旋脉冲形成线的输出特性";潘亚峰等;《强激光与粒子束》;20110815;第23卷(第8期);第2262-2266页 |
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