CN106300327B - A kind of topological structure and control method that distribution MPPT and centralization MPPT is changeable - Google Patents
A kind of topological structure and control method that distribution MPPT and centralization MPPT is changeable Download PDFInfo
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- CN106300327B CN106300327B CN201610749869.5A CN201610749869A CN106300327B CN 106300327 B CN106300327 B CN 106300327B CN 201610749869 A CN201610749869 A CN 201610749869A CN 106300327 B CN106300327 B CN 106300327B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/12—Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of distribution MPPT and centralization MPPT topological structure that can be switched and control method, including N number of photovoltaic module and controller, each photovoltaic module passes through a diode and a Mos P switch accesses same booster circuit input terminal；It is connected in series between two neighboring photovoltaic module by Mos S switch, is grounded by end photovoltaic module；The input voltage of the controller acquisition booster circuit, the received intensity of solar radiation of input current and each photovoltaic module institute, and each Mos is modulated by PWM wave and is switched.The advantages of present invention incorporates distributed MPPT and centralization MPPT, change the connection type of photovoltaic array with the on-off of electronic power switch, it is switched in two ways in parallel and serial, thus the advantages of realizing the switching of distributed MPPT Yu centralization MPPT, take into account two kinds of MPPT modes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fields photovoltaic power generation MPPT, and in particular to a kind of distribution MPPT and centralization MPPT can be cut
The topological structure and control method changed.
Background technique
In recent years, important way one of of the photovoltaic power generation as application of solar energy, due to cleanliness without any pollution, it is inexhaustible,
With it is endless, be convenient for distributed power generation the advantages that, widespread adoption prospect is extremely wide.
Since the characteristic of photovoltaic array is by intensity of solar radiation and ambient temperature effect, inverter must also meet photovoltaic battle array
The service requirement of column, it is necessary to so that photovoltaic array output voltage is approached maximum power point output voltage by the adjusting of inverter, with
Guarantee that photovoltaic array is run in maximum power point and obtains maximum power.The output voltage and output electric current of photovoltaic cell are with too
The variation of positive radiation intensity and temperature has strongly non-linear: when photovoltaic array is under identical intensity of solar radiation,
The array exports only one extreme value of P-V curve, is maximum power point (Maximum Power Point, MPP)；When photovoltaic battle array
When column are in different intensities of solar radiation, i.e., there are shade (Partial Shading, PS) on local photovoltaic module, should
Array output P-V curve has multiple extreme values, but only one global maximum power point (Global Maximum Power
Point,GMPP).Therefore there is a unique maximum power point (mpp)s under specific working environment.
In actual application system, the radiation intensity of natural light and the light transmittance of atmosphere are in dynamic change, are
Same intensity of solar radiation and at a temperature of obtain maximum electric energy to the greatest extent, there is a maximum power point (mpp) tracking
The problem of (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT).Single extremum seeking algorithm in existing technology such as disturbs
Observation, this method computation complexity is small, cannot cope with the MPPT under the conditions of PS；Multiple extremum searching algorithm in the prior art,
Such as based on the MPPT algorithm of population, computation complexity is high, but under the conditions of non-PS, the algorithm Relative Perturbation observation, excessively
It is complicated.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, proposed by the present invention is a kind of low complex degree, low cost, high efficiency, electricity
The restructural photovoltaic MPPT topological structure of gas.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of topological structure that distribution MPPT and centralization MPPT can be switched, packet
N number of photovoltaic module and controller are included, each photovoltaic module passes through a diode and a Mos P switch accesses same liter
Volt circuit input terminal；It is connected in series between two neighboring photovoltaic module by Mos S switch, is grounded by end photovoltaic module；Institute
Input voltage, input current and each photovoltaic module received solar radiation for the controller acquisition booster circuit stated are strong
Degree, and each Mos is modulated by PWM wave and is switched.
Further, the booster circuit includes an inductance L, two Mos B switches and a capacitor C, the electricity
One Mos B of sense L series connection switchs and connects the output end of booster circuit, wherein being equipped with a Mos in inductance L and Mos B switch
B is switched and is grounded, and is equipped with a capacitor C in the output end of booster circuit and is grounded.
Further, in the branch that each is made of photovoltaic module, diode and Mos P switch, in photovoltaic module and two
Pass through capacity earth among pole pipe.
The invention discloses a kind of control methods of distribution MPPT and centralization MPPT topological structure that can be switched, and pass through
Controller acquires and judges the received intensity of solar radiation of each photovoltaic module institute, and when each photovoltaic module, institute is received too
When positive radiation intensity is all identical, using centralized MPPT；When the received intensity of solar radiation of each photovoltaic module institute not all phase
Meanwhile using distributed MPPT；
Wherein, when using centralization MPPT, circuit operation are as follows:
The first step, all Mos S switches are held on；
Second step, the selection branch that wherein a routing photovoltaic module, diode and Mos P switch form, Mos P switch
It is held on, other Mos P switches disconnect；
Then whole system constitutes the photovoltaic generating system of centralized maximum power tracing；
When using distribution MPPT, circuit operation are as follows:
The first step, all Mos S switches remain open；
Second step, in the branch be made of photovoltaic module, diode and Mos P switch, Mos P switch is successively alternately led
It is logical；
Third step repeats step 2；
Then whole system constitutes the photovoltaic generating system of distributed maximum power tracing.
Further, prepare the Mos P disconnectediSwitch and the Mos P for preparing conducting(i+1)It switchs between switching sequence, if
Overlapping time t is set, to keep the continuity of electric power.
Further, the sampling period of intensity of solar radiation detection need to be the integral multiple in distribution MPPT period.
The working principle of the invention is combined with the advantages of distributed MPPT and centralization MPPT, with electronic power switch
On-off changes the connection type of photovoltaic array, switches in two ways in parallel and serial, to realize distribution
The switching of MPPT and centralization MPPT, the advantages of taking into account two kinds of MPPT modes.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the distributed MPPT of a DC-DC is integrated relative to each photovoltaic module, the present invention
MPPT is simple with topological structure, low cost, efficiently, be easy to industrialization realization；Relative to the concentration using global optimization approach
It is monopole value chess game optimization algorithm that formula MPPT, MPPT of the invention, which can simplify MPPT calculation with topological structure, such as perturbation observation method,
It is easier to industrial application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is electrical block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the topological structure schematic diagram of the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module；
Fig. 3 is the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module the switching drive signal schematic diagram in distributed MPPT；
Fig. 4 is the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module the topological structure schematic diagram at distributed MPPT；
Fig. 5 is distributed MPPT topological structure schematic diagram when the first photovoltaic module works；
Fig. 6 is distributed MPPT topological structure schematic diagram when the second photovoltaic module works；
Fig. 7 is the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module the switching drive signal schematic diagram in centralized MPPT；
Fig. 8 is the topological structure schematic diagram of the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module at centralized MPPT；
Fig. 9 is centralization MPPT and distribution MPPT switchover policy.
Specific embodiment
Below by implementation and in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, being electrical block diagram of the invention, the present invention has N number of photovoltaic module and a controller group
At, each photovoltaic module is all connected with the input terminal of connection booster circuit after a diode D and a Mos P switch, in addition,
By Mos S switch series connection between each adjacent photovoltaic module, n-th photovoltaic module passes through Mos S switch ground connection.It is each
It is grounded between a photovoltaic module diode D adjacent thereto by capacitor C.In booster circuit, the input terminal of booster circuit connects
It is connected to inductance L, inductance L, which connects, connects the output end and connected load circuit 3 of booster circuit after a Mos B is switched.In inductance L
It is equipped with the Mos B switch of a ground connection between Mos B switch, is equipped with the resistance C of a ground connection in the output end of booster circuit.
Controller acquires the received intensity of solar radiation of input voltage Vpv, electric current Ipv and each photovoltaic module institute before booster circuit
Irra_PVm1, Irra_PVm2 ..., Irra_PVmN, controller by acquire these data be processed into digital signal and with
The form of PWM wave is exported；The received intensity of solar radiation of each photovoltaic module institute is judged by controller simultaneously, with this
To change the different topological structures of the circuit, control mode are as follows: when the received solar radiation of each photovoltaic module institute is strong
When spending all identical, using centralized MPPT；When the received intensity of solar radiation of each photovoltaic module institute is not all identical, use
Distributed MPPT.
The selection of the quantity N of photovoltaic module will be according to the defeated of the acquisition port number of the controller specifically selected and PWM wave
Number is specifically chosen out；When controller selects DSP, it is more appropriate that the quantity N of photovoltaic module is no more than 5.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment uses dsp controller, the quantity of photovoltaic module is 2.I.e. the circuit structure is first
Photovoltaic module series diode D1 and Mos P_1 switch, the second photovoltaic module series diode D2 and Mos P_2 switch, first
It is connected between photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module by Mos S_1, the second photovoltaic module is grounded by Mos S_2, the first light
Capacitor C1 is connected between volt module and diode D1 and is grounded, capacitor C2 is connected between the second photovoltaic module and diode D2 and is connect
Ground.On the inductance L for the input terminal that Mos P_1 switch is both connected to booster circuit with Mos P_2 switch, inductance L and Mos B_1 is opened
It closes and Mos B_2 switch connection, Mos B_1 switch ground connection, Mos B_2 switchs connected load circuit, capacitor C3 is connected to Mos
Between B_2 switch and load circuit and it is grounded.DSP by the input voltage Vpv of booster circuit input terminal and input current Ipv and
Intensity of solar radiation Irra_PVm1, Irra_PVm2 that first and second photovoltaic modules are received after Digital Signal Processing with
PWM wave form modulates each Mos switch.
In the present embodiment, the control method of DSP is as follows:
When intensity of solar radiation Irra_PVm1 and Irra_PVm2 are uneven, because there is multiple extreme values on P-V curve, institute
If needing such as to be based on grain using more complicated global MPPT method to realize MPPT with the topological structure of centralization
The MPPT algorithm of subgroup optimization algorithm.On the contrary, still can be used general using distribution MPPT topological structure proposed by the present invention
Logical monopole value MPPT method can realize MPPT.
In Fig. 2, Mos B_1 and Mos B_2 are the power switch of booster circuit, are believed with the complementary drive with dead time
Number come periodically be opened and closed Mos B_1 switch with Mos B_2 switch, working frequency is the working frequency of booster circuit；Mos
S_1, Mos S_2, Mos P_1, Mos P_2 switching drive signal as shown in figure 3, Mos P_1, Mos P_2 switching when, have
One shorter time of coincidence T0, Mos S_1 and Mos S_2 are turned off always.Then system topology becomes distributed MPPT, such as
Shown in Fig. 4.First photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module concurrent working are alternately got up with booster circuit connection, any time respectively
Only one photovoltaic module is connected with booster circuit --- and when Mos P_1 is connected, Mos P_2 is disconnected, system topology such as Fig. 5
It is shown；When Mos P_1 is disconnected, Mos P_2 is connected, and system topology is as shown in Figure 6.
When intensity of solar radiation is uniform, because being monopole value on P-V curve, using Centralized Mode, with common
Monopole value MPPT method can realize MPPT, perturbation observation method such as can be used.Mos S_1,Mos S_2,Mos P_1,
As shown in fig. 7, Mos S_1, Mos S_2, Mos P_1 remain conducting, Mos P_2's switching drive signal of Mos P_2 begins
It remains turned-off eventually, i.e., the first photovoltaic module is connected with the second photovoltaic module, then whole system constitutes photovoltaic cell series connection
The photovoltaic generating system that maximum power tracing is carried out by booster circuit, wherein Mos B_1 and Mos B_2 is booster circuit
Power switch, be periodically opened and closed Mos B_1, Mos B_2, working frequency with the complementary drive signals with dead time
The as working frequency of booster circuit, hubbed mode MPPT topological structure are as shown in Figure 8.
The switchover policy of distributed MPPT mode and centralization MPPT mode is as shown in Figure 9.Wherein i is counting variable, often
Complete a MPPT cycle TMPPT, i increase by 1, N size determine detection photovoltaic module solar radiation intensity cycle TIrra,
That is TIrra=N*TMPPT。
Claims (3)
1. the control method for the topological structure that a kind of distribution MPPT and centralization MPPT can be switched, it is characterised in that: including N number of
Photovoltaic module and controller, each photovoltaic module passes through a diode and a Mos P switch accesses same boosting electricity
Road input terminal；It is connected in series between two neighboring photovoltaic module by Mos S switch, is grounded by end photovoltaic module；Described
Controller acquires the received intensity of solar radiation of input voltage, input current and each photovoltaic module institute of booster circuit, and
Each Mos switch is modulated by PWM wave；It is acquired by controller and judges that the received solar radiation of each photovoltaic module institute is strong
Degree, when the received intensity of solar radiation of each photovoltaic module institute is identical, using centralized MPPT；When each photovoltaic mould
When the received intensity of solar radiation of block institute is not all identical, using distributed MPPT；
Wherein, when using centralization MPPT, circuit operation are as follows:
The first step, all Mos S switches are held on；
Second step, the selection branch that wherein a routing photovoltaic module, diode and Mos P switch form, Mos P switch are kept
Conducting, other Mos P switches disconnect；
Then whole system constitutes the photovoltaic generating system of centralized maximum power tracing；
When using distribution MPPT, circuit operation are as follows:
The first step, all Mos S switches remain open；
Second step, in the branch be made of photovoltaic module, diode and Mos P switch, Mos P switch successively alternate conduction；
Third step repeats step 2；
Then whole system constitutes the photovoltaic generating system of distributed maximum power tracing.
2. the controlling party for the topological structure that a kind of distribution MPPT according to claim 1 and centralization MPPT can be switched
Method, it is characterised in that: prepare the Mos P disconnectediSwitch and the Mos P for preparing conducting(i+1)Switch is between switching sequence, setting
Overlapping time t, to keep the continuity of electric power；Wherein i is counting variable.
3. the controlling party for the topological structure that a kind of distribution MPPT according to claim 1 and centralization MPPT can be switched
Method, it is characterised in that: the sampling period of intensity of solar radiation detection need to be the integral multiple in distribution MPPT period.
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