CN106297285B - Freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight - Google Patents
Freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight, first according to the vehicle checker data of acquisition and charge data Calculation Estimation index value；Then according to dynamic traffic data parameter weight vectors；Finally dynamic-fuzzy-ovcrall evaluation model is established according to weight vectors and calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of freeway traffic operating status：Freeway traffic operating status is evaluated and exports evaluation result.Freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method proposed by the present invention based on changeable weight, based on existing highway data source, utilize the real-time parameter weight of dynamic traffic data, and the traffic circulation state of express highway section is evaluated using fuzzy synthetic appraisement method, this method takes section saturation degree, occupation rate, average stroke speed, average travel time to be delayed four parameters and carries out evaluation index, fuzzy overall evaluation is realized by changeable weight for express highway section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to freeway traffic postitallation evaluation field, especially a kind of highway based on changeable weight is handed over
Logical operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method.
Background technology
Freeway traffic evaluation of running status system can provide reason for the management and control measures of highway with migration efficiency
By support.In order to preferably propose freeway management strategy, operational efficiency is improved, and utmostly play highway
Effect needs to evaluate the freeway traffic operation of different time, to identify operation conditions best period, and
As the reference standard put into practice later with right
Currently, fuzzy synthetic appraisement method is the common method in highway postitallation evaluation, this method is mainly chosen
One or more traffic indicators carry out Traffic Evaluation, pass through qualitative and quantitative assessment highway operating status.But in evaluation
In the process, the weight of each evaluation index is obtained by expert method, and very big and different highway is influenced by subjective factor
Section, with a road section different time due to the dynamic change of traffic data, index reflects the operating status of express highway section
Significance level may be different.
Therefore, it is necessary to study the index weights computational methods based on dynamic traffic data, so that highway is handed over
It is more objective, more reasonable that logical operating status is evaluated.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of freeway traffic operating status fuzzy overall evaluation based on changeable weight
Method；For reasonably being evaluated express highway section operating status.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method provided by the invention based on changeable weight, including with
Lower step：
Step 1：Acquisition highway data simultaneously pre-process data；The data include vehicle checker data and charge
Data；
Step 2：According to the vehicle checker data of acquisition and charge data Calculation Estimation index value；The evaluation index value includes
Calculate flow saturation degree, time occupancy, average travel speed and average travel time delay；
Step 3：According to dynamic traffic data, the real-time parameter weight vectors of the variance drive principle of data are utilized；
Step 4：Dynamic-fuzzy-ovcrall evaluation model is established according to weight vectors and calculates freeway traffic operating status
Comprehensive evaluation value：
Step 5：Freeway traffic operating status is evaluated according to comprehensive evaluation value and exports evaluation result.
Further, the data prediction of the step 1 calculates according to the following steps：
(11) the extraordinary data in vehicle checker data are rejected using threshold method, is as follows：
Flow threshold q is determined according to following formula：
0≤q≤fcCT/60；
Wherein：C is road passage capability；T is the time interval of data acquisition；fcFor the correction factor of flow；
Speed v is determined according to following formula：
0≤v≤fvv0；
Wherein：v0For the limitation speed of fastlink；fvFor the correction factor of speed.
(12) it to the pretreatment of charge data, is as follows：
The predetermined threshold value TE of journey time is determined according to following formula：
TE=[L/1.5*v0,24]；
Wherein, TE is effective data intervals；L is road section length；v0For the limitation speed of fastlink；
Charge data is judged whether in predetermined threshold value TE, if it is, charge data is correct data, if not,
Then charge data is extraordinary data；
Reject extraordinary data.
Further, the evaluation index value in the step 2 calculates according to the following steps：
The evaluation index value is calculated according to following formula：
(21) vehicle checker data are used to calculate flow saturation degree and occupation rate：
Wherein：S is link flow saturation degree；Q is practical vehicle flowrate；C0For the design vehicle flowrate in section；RtOccupy for the time
Rate；T is observation interval；tiThe time of detector, i=1,2 ... n are occupied for i-th vehicle；
(22) by the charge ID number of expressway tol lcollection data, go out station entrance time and section mileage, obtain each car
Mileage travelled and journey time, calculate average travel speed and average travel time delay：
Wherein：D is average stroke speed；LDFor the total kilometrage of all drivings on evaluation period inner evaluation section；TDFor evaluation
The total time of all vehicle drivings in period；nDFor all driving vehicle numbers on evaluation period inner evaluation section；lDiWhen to evaluate
The mileage of driving vehicle i in section；tDiFor the running time of driving vehicle i in the evaluation period；TD prolongs for average travel time
Accidentally；L is road section length；tdiFor the journey time of i-th vehicle, TtdFor total travel time, it can be calculated and be obtained by charge data；
v0For the speed that passes unimpeded, obtained according to the design speed in section；N be observation time in by vehicle number summation；
Further, the weight vectors in the step 3 calculate according to the following steps：
(31) sequential weighted average operator TOWA operators is combined to establish the Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation model of highway：
Wherein：y(tk) it is linear function；wj(tk) it is tk(k=1,2 ... the n) weight at moment；xj(tk) it is tkMoment
Index observation；
(32) linear function is calculatedSum of squares of deviations maximum value；
(33) according to following formula structure index matrix A：
Wherein, m indicates assessment indicator system index item number, xi(tj) indicate assessment indicator system index；
(34) calculating w according to following formula makes function y (tk) sum of squares of deviations it is maximum：
(35) the corresponding feature vector of the Maximum characteristic root of H is taken, as weight vectors w.
Further, the dynamic-fuzzy-ovcrall evaluation in the step 4 calculates according to the following steps：
(41) set of factors U is established according to following formula：
U={ u1,u2,u3,u4}={ flow saturation degree, average stroke speed, occupation rate, journey time delay }；
(42) evaluate collection V is established according to following formula：
V=it is unimpeded, and it is substantially unimpeded, it is generally, crowded, block={ 5,4,3,2,1 }；
(43) weight sets W is established according to following formula：
Wherein, w={ w1,w2,w3,w4, and weight is added
(44) evaluations matrix R is established according to following formula：
Wherein, rjFor the opinion rating of index；
The opinion rating of the traffic circulation state at n moment is built to following multidimensional evaluations matrix：
Wherein：R1j, R2j, R3j, R4jFlow saturation degree, evaluation travel speed, occupation rate, journey time delay are indicated respectively
In the opinion rating value of moment j；J=1,2 ... n.
(45) fuzzy overall evaluation is carried out according to following formula, according to the product of weight vectors and evaluations matrix calculating matrix
Obtain comprehensive evaluation value：
Wherein, bn indicates the comprehensive evaluation result value of moment n.
Further, the evaluation result in the step 5 is to acquire the comprehensive of a certain moment by weight vectors and evaluations matrix
Evaluation result is closed, traffic circulation state is determined by the numerical value of evaluation result.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantage that：
Freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method proposed by the present invention based on changeable weight, based on existing
There is highway data source, using the real-time parameter weight of dynamic traffic data, and using fuzzy synthetic appraisement method to height
The traffic circulation state of fast highway section is evaluated, the method for determining road section traffic volume state.This method is directed to highway road
Section is taken section saturation degree, occupation rate, average stroke speed, average travel time to be delayed four parameters progress evaluation indexes and is built
It is vertical, fuzzy overall evaluation is realized by changeable weight.
Other advantages, target and the feature of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description to a certain extent, and
And to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereafter, Huo Zheke
To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.The target and other advantages of the present invention can by following specification realizing and
It obtains.
Description of the drawings
The description of the drawings of the present invention is as follows.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the weight calculation figure of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown, fuzzy synthetic appraisement method provided in this embodiment to the traffic circulation state of express highway section into
Row evaluation, is realized especially by step as described below：
Step 1：Data prediction
(1) extraordinary data are rejected first with threshold method, the pretreatment of vehicle checker Data Data：
The zone of reasonableness of flow threshold q is：
0≤q≤fcCT/60
Wherein：C is road passage capability (veh/h)；T is the time interval (min) of data acquisition；fcFor the amendment of flow
Coefficient usually takes 1.1-1.3.
The zone of reasonableness of speed v is：0≤v≤fvv0
Wherein：v0For the limitation speed of fastlink, different sections limits speed difference, is determined by section itself；fvFor
The correction factor of speed, usually takes 1.3-1.5.
The reasonable value range of occupation rate o：0≤o≤100%.
(2) charge data pre-processes：
Think journey time in section TE=[L/1.5*v0, 24] in data be correct data, except this section
Data are considered that extraordinary data are rejected.
Wherein, TE is effective data intervals；L is road section length；v0For the limitation speed of fastlink.
Step 2：Parameter parameter value
Vehicle checker data and charge data Calculation Estimation index value, specific formula based on acquisition are as follows：
(1) the 5mim data of vehicle checker is used to calculate flow saturation degree and occupation rate：
Wherein：S is link flow saturation degree；Q is the practical vehicle flowrates of 5min；C0For the design vehicle flowrate in section；RtFor the time
Occupation rate；T is observation interval；tiThe time of detector, i=1,2 ... n are occupied for i-th vehicle；
(2) by the charge ID number of expressway tol lcollection data, go out the station entrance time, the fields such as section mileage, obtain every
The mileage travelled and journey time of vehicle calculate average travel speed and average travel time delay：
Wherein：D is average stroke speed；LDFor the total kilometrage of all drivings on evaluation period inner evaluation section；TDFor evaluation
The total time of all vehicle drivings in period；nDFor all driving vehicle numbers on evaluation period inner evaluation section；lDiWhen to evaluate
The mileage of driving vehicle i in section；tDiFor the running time of driving vehicle i in the evaluation period.TD prolongs for average travel time
Accidentally；L is road section length；tdiFor the journey time of i-th vehicle, TtdFor total travel time, it can be calculated and be obtained by charge data；
v0For the speed that passes unimpeded, can be obtained according to the design speed in section；N be observation time in by vehicle number summation.
Step 3：Determine index weights w
According to dynamic traffic data, the real-time parameter weight of the variance drive principle of data is utilized：
(1) due to weight wjWith time t there are implicit sequential relationship, in conjunction with sequential weighted average operator TOWA operators,
The Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation of highway is expressed as：
Wherein：y(tk) it is linear function；wj(tk) it is tk(k=1,2 ... the n) weight at moment；xj(tk) it is tkMoment
Index observation；
(2) simultaneously, it in order to protrude the difference between system s different moments operating statuses to greatest extent, i.e., to allow linear
FunctionSum of squares of deviations is maximum.
(3) it is assumed that assessment indicator system shares m indexs, from evaluation moment tnIt is past to be pushed forward n-1 chronomere to t1When
It carves, all indexs are represented by xi(tj) (i=1,2 ... n；J=1,2...m)
Obtain index matrix A：
W makes function y (tk) sum of squares of deviations it is maximum, then the problem of can be exchanged into linear programming, there is the following formula：
Then：
The corresponding feature vector of the Maximum characteristic root of H is taken, is weight vectors w.
Step 4：Dynamic-fuzzy-ovcrall evaluation is realized
The general step of fuzzy overall evaluation is performed as follows：
(1) set of factors U is established：Set of factors refers to judging the factor composition set of object, also referred to as parameter index,
U={ u1,u2,u3,u4}={ flow saturation degree, average stroke speed, occupation rate, journey time delay }；
(2) evaluate collection V is established：Exactly judge to the set of the comment of object be comment composition set, based on people readability
Property principle and freeway traffic evaluation demand and highway grading standard, evaluate collection
V=it is unimpeded, and it is substantially unimpeded, it is generally, crowded, block={ 5,4,3,2,1 }；
(3) weight sets W is established：According to the weight vectors w={ w calculated in step 31,w2,w3,w4, weight is added It needs to be handled using normalized principle, redefines weight sets
(4) evaluations matrix R is established：Single factor is evaluated from set of factors U, determines that evaluation object concentrates each member
The opinion rating of element；If i-th of factor is set out when being evaluated, the opinion rating of index is rj(rjValue be 1,2,3,4,
5), rjValue size according to table 1 determine, then have evaluations matrix：
1 metrics evaluation grade scale table (design speed 120km/h) of table
When evaluating the traffic circulation state at n moment simultaneously, then there is following multidimensional evaluations matrix：
Wherein：R1j, R2j, R3j, R4jFlow saturation degree, evaluation travel speed, occupation rate, journey time delay are indicated respectively
In the opinion rating value of moment j；J=1,2 ... n.
(5) fuzzy overall evaluation：When knowing weight sets and evaluations matrix, the product of calculating matrix obtains overall merit
Value：
Wherein, bn indicates the comprehensive evaluation result value of moment n.
Step 5：Evaluation result determines
By step 4 it is found that acquiring the comprehensive evaluation result at a certain moment by weight vectors and evaluations matrix, which is
A certain occurrence between [0,5] determines traffic circulation state by the size of the numerical value, and specific state interval classification chart is such as
Shown in lower：
The interval table of 2 operating status of table
| Comprehensive evaluation result | [0,1.5) | [1.5,2.5) | [2.5,3.5) | [3.5,4.5) | [4.5,5] |
| State | It blocks | It is crowded | Generally | Substantially unimpeded | It is unimpeded |
Finally illustrate, the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although with reference to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, it can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of the technical program, should all be covered in the present invention
Protection domain in.
Claims (5)
1. the freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight, it is characterised in that：Including following
Step：
Step 1：Acquisition highway data simultaneously pre-process data；The data include vehicle checker data and charge number
According to；
Step 2：According to the vehicle checker data of acquisition and charge data Calculation Estimation index value；The evaluation index value includes calculating
Flow saturation degree, time occupancy, average travel speed and average travel time delay；
Step 3：According to dynamic traffic data, the real-time parameter weight vectors of the variance drive principle of data are utilized；
Step 4：Dynamic-fuzzy-ovcrall evaluation model is established according to weight vectors and calculates the comprehensive of freeway traffic operating status
Close evaluation of estimate：
Step 5：Freeway traffic operating status is evaluated according to comprehensive evaluation value and exports evaluation result；
Weight vectors in the step 3 calculate according to the following steps：
(31) sequential weighted average operator TOWA operators is combined to establish the Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation model of highway：
Wherein：y(tk) it is linear function；wj(tk) it is tkThe weight at moment, k=1,2 ... n；xj(tk) it is tkThe index at moment is seen
Measured value；
(32) linear function is calculatedSum of squares of deviations maximum value；
(33) according to following formula structure index matrix A：
I=1,2 ... n；J=1,2...m
Wherein, m indicates assessment indicator system index item number, xi(tj) indicate assessment indicator system index；
(34) calculating w according to following formula makes function y (tk) sum of squares of deviations it is maximum：
max{wTHw}
s.t.wTW=1；
W ＞ 0
(35) the corresponding feature vector of the Maximum characteristic root of H is taken, as weight vectors w.
2. the freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The data prediction of the step 1 calculates according to the following steps：
(11) the extraordinary data in vehicle checker data are rejected using threshold method, is as follows：
Flow threshold q is determined according to following formula：
0≤q≤fcCT/60；
Wherein：C is road passage capability；T is the time interval of data acquisition；fcFor the correction factor of flow；
Speed v is determined according to following formula：
0≤v≤fvv0；
Wherein：v0For the limitation speed of fastlink；fvFor the correction factor of speed；
(12) it to the pretreatment of charge data, is as follows：
The predetermined threshold value TE of journey time is determined according to following formula：
TE=[L/1.5*v0,24]；
Wherein, TE is effective data intervals；L is road section length；v0For the limitation speed of fastlink；
Charge data is judged whether in predetermined threshold value TE, if it is, charge data is correct data, if it is not, then receiving
It is extraordinary data to take data；
Reject extraordinary data.
3. the freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Evaluation index value in the step 2 calculates according to the following steps：
The evaluation index value is calculated according to following formula：
(21) vehicle checker data are used to calculate flow saturation degree and occupation rate：
Wherein：S is link flow saturation degree；Q is practical vehicle flowrate；C0For the design vehicle flowrate in section；RtFor time occupancy；T
For observation interval；tiThe time of detector, i=1,2 ... n are occupied for i-th vehicle；
(22) by the charge ID number of expressway tol lcollection data, go out station entrance time and section mileage, obtain the row of each car
Mileage and journey time are sailed, average travel speed and average travel time delay are calculated：
Wherein：D is average stroke speed；LDFor the total kilometrage of all drivings on evaluation period inner evaluation section；TDTo evaluate the period
The total time of interior all vehicle drivings；nDFor all driving vehicle numbers on evaluation period inner evaluation section；lDiFor in the evaluation period
The mileage of driving vehicle i；tDiFor the running time of driving vehicle i in the evaluation period；TD is delayed for average travel time；l
For road section length；tdiFor the journey time of i-th vehicle, TtdFor total travel time, it can be calculated and be obtained by charge data；v0For
Pass unimpeded speed, is obtained according to the design speed in section；N be observation time in by vehicle number summation.
4. the freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Dynamic-fuzzy-ovcrall evaluation in the step 4 calculates according to the following steps：
(41) set of factors U is established according to following formula：
U={ u1,u2,u3,u4}={ flow saturation degree, average stroke speed, occupation rate, journey time delay }；
(42) evaluate collection V is established according to following formula：
V=it is unimpeded, and it is substantially unimpeded, it is generally, crowded, block={ 5,4,3,2,1 }；
(43) weight sets W is established according to following formula：
Wherein, w={ w1,w2,w3,w4, and weight is added
(44) evaluations matrix R is established according to following formula：
Wherein, rjFor the opinion rating of index；
The opinion rating of the traffic circulation state at n moment is built to following multidimensional evaluations matrix：
Wherein：R1j, R2j, R3j, R4jIndicate respectively flow saturation degree, evaluation travel speed, occupation rate, journey time delay when
Carve the opinion rating value of j；J=1,2 ... n；
(45) fuzzy overall evaluation is carried out according to following formula, is obtained according to the product of weight vectors and evaluations matrix calculating matrix
Comprehensive evaluation value：
Wherein, bn indicates the comprehensive evaluation result value of moment n.
5. the freeway traffic operating status fuzzy synthetic appraisement method based on changeable weight as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Evaluation result in the step 5 is the comprehensive evaluation result acquired by weight vectors and evaluations matrix, is passed through
The numerical value of evaluation result determines traffic circulation state.
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