CN106293758B - A kind of method and apparatus that Web application interface changes skin - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus that Web application interface changes skin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to web interface design fields, a kind of method and apparatus that Web application interface changes skin are provided, to reduce the workload that Web application interface changes skin early period and later development, operation maintenance personnel.The described method includes: building the level of Web application interface, the level of Web application interface includes the foreground layer on background layer and background layer；Determine the transparency interaction of foreground layer；The translucent foreground elements of foreground layer are constructed according to the transparency interaction of foreground layer；When changing skin request of user is being received, current background layer picture is replaced with and changes the background picture that skin request is directed toward.On the one hand development amount can be greatly lowered in technical solution provided by the invention；On the other hand running efficiency of system can be improved；Later maintenance workload can be greatly lowered in the third aspect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to web interface design field more particularly to a kind of method and apparatus that Web application interface changes skin.
Background technique
User interface (User Interface, UI) is the bridge that most software system is interacted with user.Successful boundary
Face scheme not only needs accurately and efficiently to interact with user, it is also necessary to consider user to the individual demand of interface appearance, because
This, more and more Web applications start to provide " changing skin " function on interface, and user oneself is allowed to determine showing interface style.
At present in most of Web applications, the skin that changes of web interface is by switching cascading style sheets (Cascading Style
Sheet, CSS) file, picture or even HTML structure realize.The advantages of this mode is that details control force is strong, also, passes through
Details pattern adjustment abundant can be achieved in the rewriting of code level.However, its there is also following several point defects:
It 1) is that previous work amount is big.It needs to develop independent CSS, picture for every set skin, or even to develop more set functions
The page.When interfacial structure is more complex, heavy duty, the succession of multilayer element pattern make the control of skin style become especially cumbersome tired
It is difficult；
2) later maintenance difficulty is big.When user requires to provide more look & feel skins to elect, maintenance personnel
It needs to develop new CSS again to define novel type.Modern Web application interface HTML structure is increasingly sophisticated, one under extreme case
A simple list interface, embedded HTML structure may up to tens of layers, and CSS coding premise will be to each page
HTML structure knows about very clear.If maintenance personnel and developer originally are not same a group of people, almost can not
Capable of completing for task.
3) processing is complicated, needs to be regenerated html tag by application control layer identification code, after introducing external CSS file, by
Browser renders showing interface layer again.Certainly if the variation of CSS file, browser can't re-create entirely
DOM structure, but in the case where Modern Web system front end complexity is higher and higher, load, parsing, pattern to CSS file
Rendering, is still a no small spending.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus that Web application interface changes skin, to reduce Web application interface
Change the workload of skin early period and later development, operation maintenance personnel.
First aspect present invention provides a kind of method that Web application interface changes skin, which comprises
The level of Web application interface is built, the level of the Web application interface includes on background layer and the background layer
Foreground layer；
Determine the transparency interaction of the foreground layer；
According to the transparency interaction of the foreground layer, the translucent foreground elements of the foreground layer are constructed；
When changing skin request of user is being received, current background layer picture is replaced with into the Background for changing skin request and being directed toward
Piece.
Second aspect of the present invention provides the device that a kind of Web application interface changes skin, and described device includes:
Build module, for building the level of Web application interface, the level of the Web application interface include background layer and
Foreground layer on the background layer；
Transparency determining module, for determining the transparency interaction of the foreground layer；
Module is constructed, for the transparency interaction according to the foreground layer, constructs the translucent prospect member of the foreground layer
Element；
Current background layer picture is replaced with for receiving when changing skin request of user and described change skin and ask by replacement module
Seek the background picture of direction.
It, can be according to the prospect from aforementioned present invention technical solution it is found that after determining the transparency interaction of foreground layer
The transparency interaction of layer constructs the translucent foreground elements of the foreground layer, if the skin that changes for receiving user is requested, will currently carry on the back
After background layer picture replaces with the background picture for changing skin request direction, Web application interface can be realized changes skin.On the one hand,
Since technical solution provided by the invention no longer needs the individually designed more set skins of artistic design teacher, and develop corresponding CSS/ figure
Piece will significantly save project resource in the project later period, and liberate the workload of UI designer and front end engineer, therefore can be big
Amplitude reduction development amount；On the other hand, it is participated in since technical solution provided by the invention does not need server-side, completely in visitor
It is run on the browser of family end, only need to switch a background picture, do not need to carry out heavy duty and parsing to a whole set of CSS rule,
It is thus possible to improve running efficiency of system；The third aspect, due to using technical solution provided by the invention, so that the later period extends
It only needs to provide a Background when skin, therefore, later maintenance workload can be greatly lowered.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the implementation process schematic diagram for the method that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention one provides changes skin；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for the device that Web application interface provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention changes skin；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the device that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention three provides changes skin；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram for the device that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention four provides changes skin；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram for the device that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention five provides changes skin；
Fig. 6-a is the structural schematic diagram for the device that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention six provides changes skin；
Fig. 6-b is the structural schematic diagram for the device that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention seven provides changes skin；
Fig. 6-c is the structural schematic diagram for the device that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention eight provides changes skin；
Fig. 6-d is the structural schematic diagram for the device that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention nine provides changes skin.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and beneficial effect is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation
Example, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus that Web application interface changes skin, which comprises builds Web
The level of application interface, the level of the Web application interface include the foreground layer on background layer and the background layer；Determine institute
State the transparency interaction of foreground layer；According to the transparency interaction of the foreground layer, the translucent prospect member of the foreground layer is constructed
Element；When changing skin request of user is being received, current background layer picture is replaced with into the background picture for changing skin request and being directed toward.This
Inventive embodiments also provide the device that corresponding Web application interface changes skin.It is described in detail separately below.
Attached drawing 1 is please referred to, is the implementation process signal that the Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention one provides changes the method for skin
Figure, mainly includes the following steps that S101 to step S104, detailed description are as follows:
S101 builds the level of Web application interface.
Traditional artistic design teacher is when carrying out the design of Web application interface, before being generally by boundary division consciously
Two big levels of background layer and background layer.Interface element and operation element, that is, foreground elements such as table, button, input frame etc. are
It is presented on foreground layer, and in order to protrude operation element, for background layer generally using the design of reduction, main body is essentially the white of large area
The thin shades such as color, grey, only in part such as menu bar, title bar position small area colour matching, gradual change and other effects.
And as one embodiment of the invention, the level for building Web application interface, which may is that, distinguishes background layer and background layer
On foreground layer, selected context layer picture is placed in background layer, and carries out mask using semitransparent layer in main workspace.Specifically
Ground can build the hierarchical structure of basic Web application interface in design tool, such as Photoshop, then select or set
It counts a collection of background layer picture to be placed on background layer, adjusts the transparency interaction of foreground elements, complete interface.Of the invention real
It applies in example, background layer picture, which can choose, is uniformly coordinated the picture low with contrast with clear tone, color, while in order to prominent
Body operation element out, it is proposed that carry out mask using semitransparent layer in the main workspace that foreground elements compare concentration.
S102 determines the transparency interaction of foreground layer.
In embodiments of the present invention, it can according to need, the transparency interaction of foreground layer be determined as translucent or full impregnated
It is bright.
S103 constructs the translucent foreground elements of foreground layer according to the transparency interaction of foreground layer.
The translucent prospect member of foreground layer is constructed according to the transparency interaction of foreground layer as one embodiment of the invention
Element can be realized with S1031 as follows and step S1032:
S1031 carries out translucentization processing to the foreground elements of foreground layer using cascading style sheets CSS rule.
In embodiments of the present invention, using cascading style sheets CSS rule to the foreground elements of Web application interface foreground layer into
When the processing of row translucentization, following CSS rule: .myDOm { filter:Alpha (opacity=50) can be used；opacity:
.5；, wherein filter be IE proprietary attribute, all IE browser can good support, opacity is Web standard attribute,
IE6/7/8 can not be supported.The two is used in conjunction with, and can be compatible with currently marketed all browsers substantially.
S1032 saves as png format after being adjusted the transparency of the picture of two kinds of pure colors of black and white as required, and
Set picture to the background of container.
It should be noted that using CSS rule: .myDOm { filter:Alpha (opacity=50)；opacity:
.5；That is after two css attributes, not only foreground layer element itself is by transparence, the content inside element, such as text also can be by
Transparence, and it is most when, only desire to that container is translucent, and text is opaque.This problem is solved, there are two types of feasible
Scheme, including CSS3 attribute rgba is used, or cut in rgba, the attributes such as filter, opacity by CSS hack technology
It changes, the former is CSS3 standard, does not support lowest version IE, the latter's style definitions numerous and complicated, it is difficult to safeguard.In the embodiment of the present invention
In, the third scheme can be used, that is, translucent element is realized using translucent picture and CSS background tile function, specifically
Ground, saves as png format after the transparency of the picture of two kinds of pure colors of black and white as required being adjusted, and by the figure
Piece is set as the background of container.To reduce resource consumption, 5x5 pixel can be set by the picture of png format, be write from memory using Background
The characteristics of recognizing automatic tiling covers whole container element.
It should be noted that since the picture of png format size itself is smaller, and browser default caching can be schemed automatically
Piece, even if load will not be caused to imitate so the picture of above-mentioned translucent png format largely uses in Web application interface
Rate problem.
S104 is receiving when changing skin request of user, current background layer picture is replaced with and changes the background that skin request is directed toward
Picture.
In embodiments of the present invention, current background layer picture is replaced with change skin request be directed toward background picture can be it is logical
It crosses the Javascript operation i.e. body of background document object model DOM element or background DIV and changes CSS background attribute,
When specific implementation, by taking common Javascript class libraries jQuery as an example, code is as follows:
myBgDom.css(‘background’,userSelectedBg)。
In embodiments of the present invention, according to the transparency interaction of foreground layer, the translucent prospect member of the foreground layer is constructed
After element, translucent effect when the translucent foreground elements that can also will construct the foreground layer is encapsulated as that sample specifically is laminated
Formula table CSS class.
Translucent effect when the above-mentioned translucent foreground elements that will construct the foreground layer is encapsulated as that sample specifically is laminated
Formula table CSS class can be multiplexed in HTML based on the considerations of these translucent effects.For example, it is assumed that according to the saturating of foreground layer
Lightness effect, after the translucent foreground elements for constructing foreground layer, it is as follows that translucent effect is encapsulated as specific CSS class:
.w50{background:url(../img/white-50.png)；}
.w30{background:url(../img/white-30.png)；}
….
It is as follows when being multiplexed in HTML:
<body>
<div class="myDomElement w50"></div>
</body>
The method of skin is changed it is found that in the transparency interaction for determining foreground layer from the exemplary Web application interface of above-mentioned attached drawing 1
Afterwards, the translucent foreground elements that the foreground layer can be constructed according to the transparency interaction of the foreground layer, if receiving user's
Skin request is changed, then after current background layer picture being replaced with the background picture for changing skin request direction, Web application can be realized
Skin is changed at interface.On the one hand, since technical solution provided by the invention no longer needs the individually designed more set skins of artistic design teacher,
And corresponding CSS/ picture is developed, project resource will be significantly saved in the project later period, liberates UI designer and front end engineer
Workload, therefore development amount can be greatly lowered；On the other hand, since technical solution provided by the invention does not need
Server-side participates in, and runs on client browser completely, only need to switch a background picture, not need to a whole set of CSS
Rule carries out heavy duty and parsing, it is thus possible to improve running efficiency of system；The third aspect, due to using skill provided by the invention
Therefore so that the later period only needs to provide a Background when extending skin, later maintenance can be greatly lowered in art scheme
Workload.
Attached drawing 2 is please referred to, is the structural schematic diagram for the device that Web application interface provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention changes skin.
For ease of description, only parts related to embodiments of the present invention are shown for attached drawing 2.The exemplary Web application interface of attached drawing 2 changes skin
Device can be the executing subject that the exemplary Web application interface of attached drawing 1 changes the method for skin.The exemplary Web application interface of attached drawing 2
The device for changing skin mainly includes building module 201, transparency determining module 202, building module 203 and replacement module 204,
In:
Module 201 is built, for building the level of Web application interface, wherein the level of Web application interface includes background
Foreground layer on layer and background layer；
Transparency determining module 202, for determining the transparency interaction of foreground layer；
It constructs module 203 and constructs the translucent foreground elements of foreground layer for the transparency interaction according to foreground layer；
Current background layer picture is replaced with for receiving when changing skin request of user and changes skin request by replacement module 204
The background picture of direction.
It should be noted that in the embodiment for the device that the exemplary Web application interface of the figures above 2 changes skin, each function
The division of module is merely illustrative of, and can according to need in practical application, such as the configuration requirement or software of corresponding hardware
The convenient of realization consider, and above-mentioned function distribution is completed by different functional modules, i.e., the Web application interface is changed into skin
The internal structure of device be divided into different functional modules, to complete all or part of the functions described above.Moreover, real
In the application of border, the corresponding functional module in the present embodiment be can be by corresponding hardware realization, can also be by corresponding hardware
It executes corresponding software to complete, for example, above-mentioned build module, can be has the aforementioned layer for building Web application interface of execution
Secondary hardware, such as device is built, it is also possible to be able to carry out general processing of the corresponding computer program to complete aforementioned function
Device or other hardware devices；For another example transparency determining module above-mentioned can be the transparency interaction for executing and determining foreground layer
Hardware, such as transparency determiner is also possible to be able to carry out corresponding computer program to complete the general of aforementioned function
Processor or other hardware devices (each embodiment that this specification provides can all apply foregoing description principle).
Attached drawing 2 is exemplary, and to build module 201 may include level discrimination unit 301 and background layer processing unit 302, such as attached
The Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention three shown in Fig. 3 provides changes the device of skin, in which:
Level discrimination unit 301, for distinguishing the foreground layer on background layer and background layer；
Background layer processing unit 302 is placed in background layer for selected context layer picture, and uses in main workspace translucent
Layer carries out mask.
The exemplary building module 203 of attached drawing 2 may include translucentization processing unit 401 and setting unit 402, such as attached drawing
The Web application interface that the embodiment of the present invention four shown in 4 provides changes the device of skin, in which:
Translucentization processing unit 401, for being carried out to the foreground elements of foreground layer using cascading style sheets CSS rule
Translucentization processing；
Setting unit 402, for being saved as after being adjusted the transparency of the picture of two kinds of pure colors of black and white as required
Png format, and set picture to the background of container.
The exemplary replacement module 204 of attached drawing 2 may include attribute changing unit 501, the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Fig. 5
The five Web application interfaces provided change the device of skin.Attribute changing unit 501 is used to operate background document pair by Javascript
As model DOM element changes CSS background attribute.
The device of attached drawing 2 to 5 any example of attached drawing can also include package module 601, such as attached drawing 6-a to attached drawing 6-d institute
Show that Web application interface shown in the embodiment of the present invention six to embodiment nine changes the device of skin.Package module 601 is for constructing module
203 according to the transparency interaction of foreground layer, after the translucent foreground elements for constructing foreground layer, will construct the half of the foreground layer
Translucent effect when transparent foreground elements is encapsulated as specific cascading style sheets CSS class.
It should be noted that the contents such as information exchange, implementation procedure between each module/unit of above-mentioned apparatus, due to
Embodiment of the present invention method is based on same design, and bring technical effect is identical as embodiment of the present invention method, particular content
It can be found in the narration in embodiment of the present invention method, details are not described herein again.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the various methods of above-described embodiment is can
It is completed with instructing relevant hardware by program, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, storage
Medium may include: read-only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random
Access Memory), disk or CD etc..
The method and apparatus that Web application interface changes skin are provided for the embodiments of the invention above to be described in detail,
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and the explanation of above embodiments is only used
In facilitating the understanding of the method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention
Thought, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, in conclusion the content of the present specification should not be construed as
Limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method that Web application interface changes skin, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Build the level of Web application interface, the level of the Web application interface include on background layer and the background layer before
Background layer；
Determine the transparency interaction of the foreground layer；
According to the transparency interaction of the foreground layer, the translucent foreground elements of the foreground layer are constructed, comprising:
Using cascading style sheets CSS rule, translucentization processing is carried out to the foreground elements of the foreground layer, wherein use layer
When stacking style table CSS rule carries out translucentization processing to the foreground elements of the foreground layer, using following CSS rule:
.myDOm { filter:Alpha (opacity=50)；opacity:.5；, wherein filter is IE proprietary attribute, opacity
It is Web standard attribute；
Save as png format after the transparency of the picture of two kinds of pure colors of black and white as required is adjusted, and by the picture
It is set as the background of container；The characteristics of setting 5x5 pixel for the picture of png format, defaulting automatic tiling using Background is covered
Lid whole container element；
When changing skin request of user is being received, current background layer picture is replaced with into the background picture for changing skin request and being directed toward.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the level for building Web application interface includes:
Distinguish the foreground layer on the background layer and the background layer；
Selected context layer picture is placed in the background layer, and carries out mask using semitransparent layer in main workspace.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described replace with current background layer picture described changes skin request
The background picture of direction includes:
Background document object model DOM element, which is operated, by Javascript changes CSS background attribute.
4. the method as described in claims 1 to 3 any one, which is characterized in that the transparency according to the foreground layer
Effect, after the translucent foreground elements for constructing the foreground layer, the method also includes:
Translucent effect when the translucent foreground elements that will construct the foreground layer is encapsulated as specific cascading style sheets CSS
Class.
5. the device that a kind of Web application interface changes skin, which is characterized in that described device includes:
Module is built, for building the level of Web application interface, the level of the Web application interface includes background layer and described
Foreground layer on background layer；
Transparency determining module, for determining the transparency interaction of the foreground layer；
It constructs module and constructs the translucent foreground elements of the foreground layer for the transparency interaction according to the foreground layer, wrap
It includes:
Using cascading style sheets CSS rule, translucentization processing is carried out to the foreground elements of the foreground layer, wherein use layer
When stacking style table CSS rule carries out translucentization processing to the foreground elements of the foreground layer, using following CSS rule:
.myDOm { filter:Alpha (opacity=50)；opacity:.5；, wherein filter is IE proprietary attribute, opacity
It is Web standard attribute；
Save as png format after the transparency of the picture of two kinds of pure colors of black and white as required is adjusted, and by the picture
It is set as the background of container；The characteristics of setting 5x5 pixel for the picture of png format, defaulting automatic tiling using Background is covered
Lid whole container element；
Current background layer picture is replaced with the skin that changes and requests to refer to by replacement module for receiving when changing skin request of user
To background picture.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the module of building includes:
Level discrimination unit, for distinguishing the foreground layer on the background layer and the background layer；
Background layer processing unit is placed in the background layer for selected context layer picture, and uses semitransparent layer in main workspace
Carry out mask.
7. device as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the replacement module includes:
Attribute changing unit changes CSS for operating background document object model DOM element by Javascript
Background attribute.
8. the device as described in claim 5 to 7 any one, which is characterized in that described device further include:
Package module constructs the semi-transparent of the foreground layer for the building module according to the transparency interaction of the foreground layer
After bright foreground elements, translucent effect when the translucent foreground elements that will construct the foreground layer is encapsulated as specifically being laminated
Style sheet CSS class.
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| WO2018176207A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | 深圳中兴力维技术有限公司 | Web theme switching method and system |
| CN107665259A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-02-06 | 四川虹慧云商科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic skin change method in interface and system |
| CN108469976A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-31 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Mode switching method, mode-changeover device, mobile unit and vehicle |
| CN109801344A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-24 | 深圳壹账通智能科技有限公司 | A kind of image processing method and device, storage medium, electronic equipment |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102446097A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-05-09 | 奇智软件（北京）有限公司 | Method for changing user interface skins |
| CN102929617A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-13 | 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司 | Skin exchanging method for Web software UI (User Interface) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102446097A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-05-09 | 奇智软件（北京）有限公司 | Method for changing user interface skins |
| CN102929617A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-13 | 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司 | Skin exchanging method for Web software UI (User Interface) |
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