CN106291684B - A kind of seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field restores and virtual source trace gather construction method - Google Patents
A kind of seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field restores and virtual source trace gather construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of recoveries of the seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field and virtual source trace gather construction method, belong to seismic prospecting and development field.The virtual source trace gather compared with high s/n ratio can be constructed well, thus the seismic response between restoring receiving point, this method is by positive Green's function G (xA,xB, t) and inverse time Green's function G (xA,xB,-t) and it is added, come the positive Green's function G ' (x after being restored newlyA,xB, t), it may be assumed that G ' (xA,xB, t) and={ G (xA,xB,t)+G(xA,xB,-t) } seismic channel data of virtual source excitation is obtained, and further obtain a seismic channel set of the virtual source.The present invention is applied to the prediction of earthquake.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seismic prospectings and development field, and in particular to a kind of seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field restore with
Virtual source trace gather construction method.
Background technique
This natural calamity of earthquake will cause catastrophic casualties and property loss, and therefore, the prediction of earthquake is just shown
It obtains particularly important.
Using the cross-correlation of two receiver record wave fields in the earthquake prediction method of the prior art, connect to restore this two
Seismic response between sink, this method are referred to as seismic interference method (Seismic Interferometry) now.
Wapenaar (2002,2004) et al. is based on earthquake principle of reciprocity, has developed a kind of theory, it may be assumed that
(1) in formula, ui(xA, t) and ui(xB, t) and it is illustrated respectively in received blind source wavefield component at ground Table A and B location, i
Indicate some receiving time section, N indicates the number of receiving time section, G (xA,xB, t) indicate the A of position at excitation (virtual source),
Received Green's function at the B of position, G (xA,xB,-t) and indicate that inverse time Green's function, s (t) indicate the virtual source wavelet function of time.
Since wave equation is second order, theoretically have:
G(xA,xB, t) and=G (xA,xB,-t)
Therefore the wave field after restoring usually takes the positive part of cross correlation results and casts out inverse time part.
But due to the derivation of formula (1), being is noise and the theoretical hypothesis being evenly distributed based on focus, but blind source is real
The acquirement of border data tends not to meet this requirement, and the Green's function part restored is caused to be located at the wave field relevant positive time
In, partially it is located in time inverse time.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned problem existing in the prior art, a kind of ground of blind focus earthquake wave field is provided
Ring should restore with virtual source trace gather construction method, well restore receiving point between seismic response, thus building compared with high s/n ratio
Virtual source trace gather, lay the foundation for the practical application of blind focus earthquake technology, there is practical application value.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field restores and virtual source trace gather construction method, comprising:
Step 31 selects virtual source location: selecting a receiver as parametric receiver, the parametric receiver position conduct
Virtual source location；
Step 32 selects virtual source receiving point position: select a receiver as receive receiver, the reception receiver
The virtual source receiving point position that position is excited as virtual source；
Step 33, seismic channel cross-correlation: parametric receiver and the record for receiving receiver are subjected to cross-correlation, obtained as public
Formula
The seismic response of positive Green's function and inverse time Green's function is contained shown in the left side, wherein ui(xA, t) and ui(xB,
T) it is illustrated respectively in received blind source wavefield component at ground Table A and B location, i indicates some receiving time section, and N indicates to receive
The number of period, s (t) indicate the virtual source wavelet function of time, G (xA,xB, t) and it indicates to excite in virtual source location A, it is received in virtual source
The point received Green's function of position B, G (xA,xB,-t) and indicate inverse time Green's function, using the first half of cross correlation results as lattice
The inverse time of woods function responds, and positive response of the latter half of cross correlation results as Green's function.
Step 34, virtual source seismic channel restore: the positive response of above-mentioned Green's function and inverse time response being summed, virtual source is obtained
One seismic channel data of excitation, i.e. G ' (xA,xB, t) and={ G (xA,xB,t)+G(xA,xB,-t)}(2)。
Step 35, the building of virtual source trace gather: step 32~step 34 is repeated, that is, obtains a seismic channel set of the virtual source.
Before the step 31 further include:
Step 1 reads survey line actual seismic track data；
Step 2, real data pretreatment.
The real data pretreatment includes: bandpass filtering and amplitude regularization processing.
Further include:
All it regard all receivers as virtual source location, the virtual source seismic data that the survey line of acquisition is similar to surface seismic carries out
Migration imaging processing.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: blind source real data experiments have shown that: the present invention can be effectively
The significant wave for restoring such as surface wave and back wave from blind focus earthquake wave field, (casts out inverse time Green's letter with existing technical method
Number) it compares, the precision and resolution ratio for restoring wave field are improved significantly, are such as deviated, are established to restore the subsequent concrete application of wave field
Solid foundation is determined.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field of the embodiment of the present invention restores and virtual source trace gather construction method process
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that 29 well hydraulic fracturing work area earth's surface of Sichuan somewhere monitors survey line schematic diagram；
The practical wave field of one section of 4s of WZ29-3 survey line records schematic diagram in Fig. 3 (a) Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 (b) is the wave field schematic diagram after Fig. 2 bandpass filtering
Fig. 3 (c) is the wave field schematic diagram after the regularization of Fig. 2 amplitude；
Fig. 4 (a) is that the virtual source carried out using formula (2) restores to tie with the building of virtual source trace gather positioned at the 1st seismic response
Fruit schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 (b) is that the virtual source carried out using formula (2) restores to tie with the building of virtual source trace gather positioned at the 20th seismic response
Fruit schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 (c) is that the virtual source carried out using formula (2) restores to tie with the building of virtual source trace gather positioned at the 63rd seismic response
Fruit schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 (a) is surface-seismic data time migration schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 (b) is the result schematic diagram of formula (2).
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
In fact, leading to the lattice restored since blind source real data tends not to the theory calls for meeting earthquake interferometry
Woods correspondence department quartile is partially located in time inverse time, i.e. forward direction Green's function G (x in the wave field relevant positive timeA,xB,t)
With the unequal G (x of inverse time Green's functionA,xB,-t), it may be assumed that
G(xA,xB,t)≠G(xA,xB,-t)
Therefore, the particular content of invention are as follows:
By positive Green's function G (xA,xB, t) and inverse time Green's function G (xA,xB,-t) be added, come after being restored newly
Positive Green's function G ' (xA,xB, t), it may be assumed that
G′(xA,xB, t) and={ G (xA,xB,t)+G(xA,xB,-t)} (2)
This method can significantly improve and enhance the significant wave information restored in seismic response, but also increase simultaneously extensive
The false lineups of multiple seismic response.
As shown in Figure 1, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1 reads survey line actual seismic track data: reading in the physical record of survey line WZ29-3 as shown in Figure 3.
Step 2, real data pretreatment: such as bandpass filtering (Fig. 3 b) and amplitude regularization processing (Fig. 3 c).
Step 3, seismic response restore to construct with virtual source trace gather:
Step 31 selects virtual source location: selecting some receiver as parametric receiver, which will
As virtual source location.
Step 32 selects virtual source receiving point position: selecting some receiver as receiver is received, this is received
The receiver position that device position will be excited as virtual source.
Step 33, seismic channel cross-correlation: the record to receiver is subjected to cross-correlation, i.e., by parametric receiver and reception
The record of receiver carries out cross-correlation, obtains such as formula
The seismic response of positive Green's function and inverse time Green's function is contained shown in the left side, wherein ui(xA, t) and ui(xB,
T) it is illustrated respectively in received blind source wavefield component at ground Table A and B location, i indicates some receiving time section, and N indicates to receive
The number of period, s (t) indicate the virtual source wavelet function of time, G (xA,xB, t) and it indicates to excite in virtual source location A, it is received in virtual source
The point received Green's function of position B, G (xA,xB,-t) and indicate inverse time Green's function, using the first half of cross correlation results as lattice
The inverse time of woods function responds, and positive response of the latter half of cross correlation results as Green's function.
Step 34, virtual source seismic channel restore: utilizing formula G ' (xA,xB, t) and={ G (xA,xB,t)+G(xA,xB,-t)}(2)
The positive response of above-mentioned Green's function and inverse time response are summed, i.e. a seismic channel data of acquisition virtual source excitation.
Step 35, the building of virtual source trace gather: step 32~step 34 is repeated, that is, obtains a seismic channel set of the virtual source.
Step 4 terminates: repeating step 3, until all regarding all receivers as virtual source location, can be obtained the survey line class
It is similar to the same virtual source seismic data of surface seismic, as shown in Fig. 4 a, b and c.
Step 5 application: the processing such as migration imaging is carried out to the virtual source seismic data of above-mentioned acquisition, as shown in Figure 5 b.
Shown in Fig. 2 is 29 well hydraulic fracturing work area earth's surface of Sichuan somewhere monitoring survey line schematic diagram, in figure, shares 10 surveys
Line, respectively WZ29-1, WZ29-2, WZ29-3 ..., WZ29-9, WZ29-10.Every survey line 125, road spacing 25m are minimum
Offset distance 300m, maximum offset 3400m, continuous observation 48 hours.Shown in monitoring firsthand information such as Fig. 3 (a) of survey line 3, band
Pass filter and amplitude regularization processing as a result, as Fig. 3 (b) and 3 (c) shown in.On this basis, it is connect using formula (1)
Seismic response between sink restores, but fails to obtain effective back wave, and the earthquake between receiving point has been carried out using formula (2)
Response restores, shown in restoration result such as Fig. 4 (a)-Fig. 4 (c), in figure 5 it can be seen that wraps in the seismic response restored according to formula (2)
Distinguishable reflection line-ups is contained, but will be weaker in the continuity and resolution ratio of lineups.According to the anti-of recovery
Ejected wave is as a result, carried out simply moving school superposition processing, shown in result such as Fig. 5 (b), for the ease of with surface-seismic data
Migration result compares, and the plate of CDP19 to 31,89 to 101 corresponds to Fig. 5 (a) black surround position in figure.With the survey line position
Identical surface-seismic data time migration result (Fig. 5 (a)) is compared, and the two is in 0.3s, 0.9s, 1.1s, 1.7s and 2.4s
Reflection line-ups energy quite well.This result shows that: the ground that can be effectively restored between receiving point using formula (2) is rung
It answers.
Due to the theory that Green's function restores, to be based on focus be noise and be evenly distributed it is assumed that but in fact, blind source
The acquirement of real data tends not to meet this requirement, cause restore Green's function part be located at wave field it is relevant forward direction when
Between middle part quartile in time inverse time, be based on this understanding, propose a kind of new blind source wave field significant wave and restore and virtual source road
Collect constructing technology, make it to construct the virtual source trace gather compared with high s/n ratio well, thus the seismic response (packet between restoring receiving point
Include surface wave and back wave).Blind source real data experiments have shown that: above-mentioned significant wave restore with virtual source trace gather construction method, can be effective
Restore the significant wave of such as surface wave and back wave from blind focus earthquake wave field in ground.(cast out inverse time Green with existing technical method
Function) it compares, the precision and resolution ratio for restoring wave field are improved significantly, are laid the foundation for the practical application of blind focus earthquake technology,
With very big potential using value.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at this
On the basis of disclosure of the invention application method and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, be not limited solely to this
Invent method described in above-mentioned specific embodiment, therefore previously described mode is only preferred, and and do not have limitation
The meaning of property.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field restores and virtual source trace gather construction method characterized by comprising
Step 31 selects virtual source location: selecting a receiver as parametric receiver, the parametric receiver position is as virtual source
Position；
Step 32 selects virtual source receiving point position: selecting a receiver as reception receiver, the position of the reception receiver
Virtual source receiving point position as virtual source excitation；
Step 33, seismic channel cross-correlation: parametric receiver and the record for receiving receiver are subjected to cross-correlation, obtain formula
The seismic response of positive Green's function and inverse time Green's function is contained shown in the left side, wherein ui(xA,-t) and ui(xB,
T) it is illustrated respectively in received blind source wavefield component at ground Table A and B location, i indicates some receiving time section, and N indicates to receive
The number of period, s (t) indicate the virtual source wavelet function of time, G (xA,xB, t) and it indicates to excite in virtual source location A, it is received in virtual source
The received positive Green's function of point position B, G (xA,xB,-t) and it indicates to excite in virtual source location A, it is received in virtual source receiving point position B
Inverse time Green's function, using the first half of cross correlation results as the positive response of Green's function, and after cross correlation results
Half part is responded as the inverse time of Green's function；
Step 34, virtual source seismic channel restore: the positive response of above-mentioned Green's function and inverse time response being summed, virtual source excitation is obtained
A seismic channel data, i.e. G ' (xA,xB, t) and={ G (xA,xB,t)+G(xA,xB,-t)}(2)；
Step 35, the building of virtual source trace gather: step 32~step 34 is repeated, that is, obtains a seismic channel set of the virtual source.
2. the seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field according to claim 1 restores and virtual source trace gather construction method, feature
It is: before the step 31 further include:
Step 1 reads survey line actual seismic track data；
Step 2, real data pretreatment.
3. the seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field according to claim 2 restores and virtual source trace gather construction method, feature
It is, the real data pretreatment includes: bandpass filtering and amplitude regularization processing.
4. the seismic response of blind focus earthquake wave field according to claim 3 restores and virtual source trace gather construction method,
It is characterized by further comprising:
All it regard all receivers as virtual source location, the virtual source seismic data that the survey line of acquisition is similar to surface seismic is deviated
Imaging.
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| CN107807393B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-03-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Separate unit station collection preliminary wave Enhancement Method based on seismic interference method |
| CN110907989A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for reconstructing quasi-ground seismic reflection wave imaging |
| CN110967734B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2022-03-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Virtual source reconstruction method and system based on fast Fourier transform |
| CN111352151B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-06-03 | 广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司 | Well source-deficiency method |
| CN111257939B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Time-lapse seismic virtual source bidirectional wave field reconstruction method and system |
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