CN106284437B - A kind of barrel of base vertically initial impedance,motional experimental rig and test method - Google Patents
A kind of barrel of base vertically initial impedance,motional experimental rig and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106284437B CN106284437B CN201610606875.5A CN201610606875A CN106284437B CN 106284437 B CN106284437 B CN 106284437B CN 201610606875 A CN201610606875 A CN 201610606875A CN 106284437 B CN106284437 B CN 106284437B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of barrel of base vertically initial impedance,motional experimental rig and test methods, including barrel base, blower fan pylon, mass block, extended thrust bar, low frequency electromagnetic vibrator, vibrator fixed frame, force snesor, flange terminal pad, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor, acceleration transducer, foil gauge, Energy dissipating material, drainpipe, experiment iron case, angle steel rib, steel plate ribbed stiffener, loading frame, power amplifier, swept signal generator, dynamic collecting instrument, computer.The device is made of load loading section and barrel base part, to realize the measurement of vertical dynamic stiffness and vertical dynamic damping.Loaded using low frequency vibration exciter, active force and the displacement by measuring the soil body calculate bucket base dynamic stiffness.By applying vertical initial displacement at mass block, the dynamic damping that attenuation curve acquires barrel base is measured.The present invention can accurately study the vertical initial impedance,motional and its influence factor of barrel base, lay the first stone for further research.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the invention belongs to offshore wind turbine technical field of power generation more particularly to the vertically just initiating resistances of a kind of barrel of base
Anti- experimental rig and test method.
Background technology
With the non-renewable energy resources such as coal, oil increasingly reduce and fossil energy use caused environmental problem
It becomes increasingly conspicuous, many countries start to try to explore and develop regenerative resource.As the representative of regenerative resource, wind energy on the sea because
It has the characteristics that economize the land resource, wind energy is steady, noiseless, the pollution-free research emphasis for becoming new energy development.
The super-large diameter Thin-wall Barrel base of offshore wind turbine is generally referred to as diameter and is much larger than common pile foundation and suction anchor foundation,
Diameter reaches tens of rice (maximum has reached 30m), and the radius-thickness ratio of bucket basal wall thickness is much smaller than 0.1 barrel base.Such as 2002
In the Frederikshavn wind power plants of Denmark, diameter 12m, the barrel-shaped base of super-large diameter thin-walled of radius-thickness ratio 0.002 have been used for the first time
Plinth.In particular with the continuous increase of the met depth of water of offshore wind power development, developed from offshore oil platform jacket structure
, adapt to the base that wider depth of water range, the tripod of bearing capacity bigger and four foot jacket bases are also constantly applied to wind turbine
In plinth, suction barrel base forms multi-barrel base as each of these " polypody " support constructions " foot ", by reversed vertical anti-
Power resists overturning moment.
For the wind turbine of deep-sea floating wind turbine and multi-barrel base, wind turbine in actual motion, superstructure by wind, wave,
The effect of the lateral loads such as stream, seismic wave, final external loads are transmitted in the form of vertical cyclic load on barrel base, these rings
The frequency and the wind turbine natural frequency of vibration of border load very close to, be easy to cause wind turbine occur resonance destroy.In addition to this, easily attractive wind
The load of machine mesomerism results from the rotation of fan blade, and rotation will produce the load of two kinds of frequencies：1. eccentric load, due to
The barycenter of turbine and blade often has certain offset (deformable blade also will produce centroid motion), wind wheel to rotate meeting with shaft
Eccentric force is generated, frequency is equal with rotational frequency, claims 1P frequencies；2. in blade rotation process, since blade face gravity causes
Load, with wind wheel cycle of rotation apply.The frequency of the load is the rotational frequency that the number of blade is multiplied by wind wheel, general three blade
The cross-over frequency of wind turbine is known as 3P frequencies.Make blower fan structure whole first is needed in order to avoid resonating, in engineering design
The rank natural frequency of vibration avoids 1P frequencies, the frequency of 3P frequencies and external environment load.While in order to ensure safety, DNV (DNV-DET
NORSKE VERITAS, Norske Veritas) code requirement on 1P and 3P frequency bands reserve 10% degree of safety.In this way for wind turbine
The frequency band of safe operation is actually very narrow.Therefore wind turbine is to ensure in the accurate research of self-vibration characteristic during normal operation
The key of wind turbine safe operation during normal use, or even it is known as by some scholars the part of most critical.
According to multi-Degree-of Freedom Linear Systems vibration equation in high Structural Dynamics, the vibration performance of structure depends on effect
Quality, rigidity and the damping of external force, structure in structure.Especially calculating deep-sea floating wind turbine and coastal waters multi-barrel base
When offshore wind turbine self-vibration characteristic, bucket base be subject to mainly vertical load, basic vertical impedance,motional to self-vibration characteristic have to
Close important influence.
At present in fan design, the vertical impedance,motional of bucket base also randomly can be according under normal operating condition, generally be
Vertical Static stiffness is obtained by experiment, or using API (American Petroleum Institute American Petroleum Institute)
And the T-Z curves that DNV specifications are recommended carry out approximate calculation.Since Static stiffness obtains under dead load effect, and T-Z curves
The result for then obtaining by elongated pile foundation static(al) Ultimate Strength Test, therefore being calculated in this way is not obviously smart
Really.Simultaneously as wind turbine normal operation, the cycle of external loads apply, the impedance,motional of bucket base will appear variation, the self-vibration of wind turbine
Frequency also changes.There is scholar to have studied the variation of the natural frequency of vibration of barrel base wind turbine and system damping under cyclic load to advise
Rule, but accurately to obtain a barrel base impedance,motional, it is still necessary to further investigate the mechanism of production and influence factor of bucket base impedance,motional.
Invention content
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of barrel of base vertically initial impedance,motional experimental rig and experiment
Method.By the experimental rig and test method, the vertical initial impedance,motional and its influence factor of barrel base can be accurately studied.
The device carries out accurate low frequency, low using the low frequency electromagnetic vibrator on loading frame to bucket base (i.e. barrel base)
The load of load, by pressure sensor and foil gauge accurately calculate bucket base and the soil body active force, pass through acceleration transducer
Calculate the soil body displacement, the dynamic stiffness of the soil body is finally calculated.Loading frame is removed, in barrel base part, in top quality
Block applies vertical an initial displacement or initial acceleration, and the attenuation curve of free vibration is measured by acceleration transducer,
Calculate the dynamic damping for acquiring barrel base.By soil pressure sensor and pore water pressure sensor, soil pressure and pore water pressure are studied
Influence to initial impedance,motional
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows, a kind of barrel of base vertically initial impedance,motional experimental rig, including experiment iron case
And barrel base；Sand centre in the bottom penetration test iron case of the barrel base；Blower fan pylon passes through flange terminal pad
It is fixed on above barrel base, mass block is fixed on the top of wind tower rack；Low frequency electromagnetic vibrator is fixed on vibrator and fixes
On frame, vibrator fixed frame is fixed on loading frame, and loading frame is nested in experiment iron case sidewall upper；Low frequency electromagnetic vibrator
Lower end is connected to extended thrust bar, and force snesor is fixed between extended thrust bar and mass block；Outside the bucket wall of barrel base
Foil gauge is posted in side, and soil pressure sensor is arranged on the contact surface of barrel base bottom and the soil body, below barrel base
It is arranged with pore water pressure on the central axes of barrel base, around the bucket wall both sides of barrel base and barrel base lateral wall
Sensor；Acceleration transducer is fixed on the head cover of barrel base, and acceleration transducer is symmetrically fixed on barrel base
The both sides of head cover can accurately obtain the vertical displacement of barrel base.Low frequency electromagnetic vibrator is connected with power amplifier, and power is put
Big device is connected with swept signal generator；Foil gauge, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor, acceleration transducer and
Force snesor is connected by data line with dynamic collecting instrument, and dynamic collecting instrument is connected with computer.
Be fixed with one layer of Energy dissipating material on the inner wall of experiment iron case, can good absorption cyclic load when, soil body production
The boundary wave that raw stress wave and the soil body-seawater interface generates, keeps test result more accurate.Drainage arrangement is fixed on experiment iron
On the Energy dissipating material in bottom portion, drainage arrangement is several drainpipes, and arranges rubble and geotextiles, composition on drainpipe periphery
Drainage system adds water and draining in chamber, and the soil body is made to be easier to consolidate, be saturated.From bottom discharge pipe from experiment iron case
Quadrangle extends to outside experiment iron case, and the Energy dissipating material is porous foam.
In order to improve the precision of experiment and the stability of device, low frequency electromagnetic vibrator, mass block, blower fan pylon and bucket
The central axes on shape basis overlap.
Experiment iron case is welded by steel plate, and antirust treatment of going forward side by side is not perishable, and iron case outer surface is along iron case
Length direction is welded with angle steel rib, improves the bearing capacity of experiment iron case.Loading frame both sides there also is provided steel plate ribbed stiffener simultaneously,
It can prevent loading frame from toppling.
Based on the test method of the vertical initial impedance,motional experimental rig of a kind of barrel of base above-mentioned, including the vertical dynamic stiffness of bucket base
Experiment and the vertical dynamic damping experiment of bucket base；
The vertical dynamic stiffness experiment of bucket base is carried out first, is included the following steps：
It is first added without seawater in testing iron case；
A1 upper gravel) is padded around drainpipe, gravel top layer overlay geotechnique's woven fabric prevents sand from drainpipe stream
It loses；
A2) after sand consolidation, acceleration transducer is fixed at the head cover of the barrel base of diameter 0.3m, and by bucket
Shape basis penetration test iron case centre sand is simultaneously installed in place, and waits for that the soil body completes super quiet pore pressure dissipation；
A3) loading frame is nested on experiment iron case, then low frequency electromagnetic vibrator is fixed using vibrator fixed frame,
The height of adjustment load rack position and low frequency electromagnetic vibrator, makes the central axes of electromagnetic exciter and barrel base overlap, and
Force snesor is fixed between extended thrust bar and mass block；
A4) apply vertical cycle exciting force at the top of barrel base by low frequency electromagnetic vibrator, wait for that barrel base responds
The response data of barrel base and surrounding soil is recorded after stabilization；
A5) change the frequency of Simple Harmonic Load, repeated several times step A4) several times, and record data；
A6) after step A1 in the case of no seawater)-A5) the vertical dynamic stiffness testing experiment of bucket base complete after, in experiment iron
Seawater is added in case with simulating ocean environment, stands a period of time to the soil body and is saturated, repeat step A1)-A4), have sea to obtain
In the case of the vertical dynamic stiffness test value of bucket base；
A7 it) will be pulled out on barrel base, make that the top plate of barrel base is detached with the soil body but barrel base is not fully extracted, i.e.,
Bucket wall is still inserted in the soil body, waits for soil solidifying for a period of time until soil disturbance caused by above pulling out restores and super pore pressure dissipation
Afterwards, the step A4 for having under sea state is repeated)-A5), measure the vertical initial dynamic stiffness of barrel base bucket wall；
A8 after) extracting barrel base completely, the barrel base of diameter 0.3m is removed to the disk for changing a diameter of 0.3m
Basis, consolidation after a certain period of time, apply disk basis vertical harmonic excitation load, after base response stabilization, record circle
The response on disk basis measures the vertical initial dynamic stiffness on disk basis；
A9) remove disk basis, the barrel base of a diameter of 0.1m be installed, after soil solidifying for a period of time after, with reference to the
A4)-A5) step method, measure the vertical initial dynamic stiffness and soil body dynamic response of the barrel base of diameter 0.1m；
A10 the barrel base for) removing a diameter of 0.1m changes the barrel base of diameter 0.5m, waits for one timing of soil solidifying
Between after, with reference to A4)-A5) step method, measure the dynamic stiffness and soil body dynamic response of the barrel base of diameter 0.5m, so far
The bucket vertical dynamic stiffness off-test of base；
After the vertical dynamic stiffness experiment of barrel base is finished, the vertical dynamic damping experiment of bucket base is carried out, dynamic damping experiment process and dynamic
Stiffness test flow is the same, and difference lies in step A4) in dynamic stiffness experiment apply at the top of the barrel base outside vertically recycle
Load, and dynamic damping experiment applies an initial displacement or acceleration at the top of barrel base, then barrel base is allowed freely to shake
It is dynamic, the attenuation curve of free vibration is measured by acceleration transducer, calculates the damping for acquiring barrel base.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1. the experimental rig can measure soil pressure, pore water pressure simultaneously.It can record in cyclic load, bucket base
The accumulation of the dynamic response and pore water pressure of surrounding soil and dissipation situation, reflect soil pressure and pore water pressure and bucket
The relationship of the vertical impedance,motional of base.
2. the experimental rig posts foil gauge in barrel base bucket wall both sides, by recording the value of foil gauge, Neng Gouji
The small strain of bucket wall is calculated, the internal force on bucket wall section is calculated.Force sensor is installed between mass block and extended thrust bar,
What can be measured acts on the size of exciting force on barrel base.By the calculating of exciting force and bucket wall internal force, so as to more acurrate
The interaction force of ground calculating effect barrel base and the soil body.
3. the Energy dissipating material of one layer of porous foam is fixed with inside the experiment iron case of the experimental rig, so as to good absorption
When cyclic load, the boundary wave for stress wave and the soil body-seawater interface generation that the soil body generates keeps test result more smart
Really.
4. acceleration transducer is symmetrically fixed in experimental rig both sides at the top of barrel base, by carrying out two to acceleration
Secondary integral can be accurately obtained a barrel base vertical displacement.The displacement difference obtained simultaneously using two acceleration transducers, can be with inverse
Go out the inclination angle of barrel base, checks whether bucket base tilts.
5. the experimental rig is equipped with several drainpipes in experiment iron bottom portion, and arranges rubble and soil on drainpipe periphery
Work cloth forms drainage system.Add water and draining in chamber from bottom discharge pipe, the soil body is made to be easier to consolidate, be saturated.
6. the experiment iron case of the experimental rig is welded by steel plate, antirust treatment of going forward side by side is not easy corrosion.And iron case
Outer surface is welded with angle steel rib along iron case length direction, preferably improves the bearing capacity of experiment iron case.While loading frame both sides are also
It is disposed with steel plate ribbed stiffener, can prevent loading frame from toppling.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front view that iron case is tested in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the left view that iron case is tested in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the vertical view that iron case is tested in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the front view of loading frame in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the left view of loading frame in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of loading frame in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the front view of barrel base in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the front view on disk basis in the present invention；
In figure, 1- barrel bases, 2- blower fan pylons, 3- mass blocks, 4- extended thrusts bar, 5- low frequency electromagnetics vibrator, 6-
Vibrator fixed frame, 7- force snesors, 8- flange terminal pads, 9- soil pressure sensors, 10- pore water pressure sensors, 11- add
Velocity sensor, 12- foil gauges, 13- Energy dissipating materials, 14- drainpipes, 15- experiment iron case, 16- sands, 17- seawater, the angles 18-
Steel rib, 19- steel plates ribbed stiffener, 20- loading frames, 21- power amplifiers, 22- swept signal generators, 23- dynamic collecting instruments,
24- computers.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that advantages and features of the invention energy
It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figs. 1 to 9, one kind of the invention is for the vertically initial impedance,motional experiment of super-large diameter thin-walled barrel base
Device, including barrel base 1, blower fan pylon 2, mass block 3, extended thrust bar 4, low frequency electromagnetic vibrator 5, vibrator fixed frame
6, force snesor 7, flange terminal pad 8, soil pressure sensor 9, pore water pressure sensor 10, acceleration transducer 11, strain
Piece 12, drainpipe 14, experiment iron case 15, sand 16, seawater 17, angle steel rib 18, steel plate ribbed stiffener 19, adds Energy dissipating material 13
Carrier 20, power amplifier 21, swept signal generator 22, dynamic collecting instrument 23, computer 24.It is fixed to test 15 inside of iron case
Firmly one layer of Energy dissipating material 13, drainpipe 14 are fixed on 13 upper surface of Energy dissipating material；It is packed into suitable meet in testing iron case 15
The sand 16 and seawater 17 of test requirements document；Barrel base 1 gravity and vacuumize to form negative pressure by way of injection sand 16
Centre；Blower fan pylon 2 is fixed on a barrel base basis top by flange terminal pad 8, and blower fan pylon 2 and mass block 3 utilize positioning
Screw is fixed together；Low frequency electromagnetic vibrator 5 is fixed on vibrator fixed frame 6, and vibrator fixed frame 6 passes through screw and drawing
Bar is fixed on the suitable position on loading frame 20, and vibrator front end is connected to extended thrust bar 4, and force snesor 7 is by positioning spiral shell
Silk be fixed between distance rod and mass block 3, low frequency electromagnetic vibrator 5, mass block 3, blower fan pylon 2 and barrel base 1 axis
Line is in same vertical straight line；Loading frame 20 is nested in by loading frame bottom angle steel on 15 wall of experiment iron case, solid using screw
It lives calmly.Foil gauge 12 is attached to outside, soil pressure sensor 9 in the bucket wall middle of barrel base 1 and is arranged in 1 bottom of barrel base
With on the contact surface of the soil body, pore water pressure sensor 10 is arranged in below barrel base central axes, is appropriate outside bucket wall both sides and bucket base
Distance at, acceleration transducer 11 is fixed on 1 top header both sides of barrel base；Low frequency electromagnetic vibrator 5 passes through data line
It is connected with power amplifier 21, swept signal generator 22, carries out the control of exciting force size and frequency；Foil gauge 12, soil pressure
Force snesor 9, pore water pressure sensor 10, acceleration transducer 11 and force snesor 7 pass through data line and dynamic acquisition
Instrument 23 connects, and dynamic collecting instrument 23 and computer 24 connect, and carry out data acquisition.
Testing 15 size of iron case is：2m × 2m × 1.5m (length × width × height).According to similarity criterion, close sand is contracted
Ruler, 16 grain size of sand are taken as 0.3mm~0.4mm.
There are five types of sensors for the experimental rig, are connect with dynamic collecting instrument 23, are carried out during cyclic load applies
Dynamically recording.Force snesor 7 is used to measure the size for the exciting force that low frequency vibration exciter is applied.Acceleration transducer 11 is for surveying
The size for measuring acceleration in 1 whole process of barrel base, by measuring Acceleration time course, then by integrating to obtain displacement twice
Time-histories obtains displacement when minimum strain, finally by 1 top both sides displacement difference inverse barrel base of barrel base, 1 corner.Soil
The dynamic response and pore water pressure of pressure sensor 9 and pore water pressure sensor 10 for measuring bucket base surrounding soil
Accumulation and dissipation situation, reflect the relationship of soil pressure and pore water pressure and the vertical impedance,motional of bucket base.Foil gauge 12 is for surveying
The small strain of measuring tank wall is counted to calculate the internal force on barrel wall section by the exciting force measured with force snesor 7 jointly
It calculates, the interaction force of barrel base 1 and the soil body is acted on so as to more accurately calculating.
The experimental rig can carry out having seawater 17 and 1 vertical impedance,motional of the barrel base experiment without seawater 17 respectively, pass through
The two compares, and can study influence of the seawater 17 to vertical impedance,motional.
The experimental rig can be carried out the vertical impedance,motional experiment of barrel base 1, bucket wall and disk basis, comparison respectively
The vertical impedance,motional of 1 different piece of barrel base can obtain the ratio that 1 different piece of barrel base provides impedance,motional, research
Barrel base 1 provides the mechanism of impedance,motional.
The experimental rig can carry out the experiment of 1 impedance,motional of various sizes of barrel base.By a diameter of 12m, the bucket of a height of 6m
Base carries out reduced scale, and bucket base draw ratio is 1.0, and wall thickness diameter is respectively 1 than ruler than 0.005,3 bucket bases of positioning:120、1:40
With 1:24, diameter is respectively 0.1m, 0.3m and 0.5m (diameter is the barreled diameter of movement that thin-walled surrounds below barrel base),
Bucket sill is steel.To study influence of the scale effect to 1 vertical impedance,motional of barrel base.
The vertical initial impedance,motional experimental rig of the super-large diameter thin-walled barrel base 1 and test method, it may include two parts
Experiment：The vertical dynamic stiffness experiment of bucket base and the vertical dynamic damping experiment of bucket base.The vertical dynamic stiffness experiment of bucket base follows these steps to carry out：
(1) drainage system that the composition of drainpipe 14 is arranged in 15 bottom of experiment iron case, every a spacing on drainpipe 14
From osculum is stamped, surrounding pads upper gravel, and gravel top layer overlay geotechnique's woven fabric prevents sand 16 to be lost in from drainpipe 14.
Then the layering filling sand 16 above geotechnological woven fabric, after sand 16 is backfilling into certain altitude, places pair in corresponding position
The sensor answered.Until sand 16 is backfilling into experiment desired height.The water surface is added water in chamber from drainpipe 14 floods sand
Soil 16.After the saturation of sand 16, water is discharged from drainpipe 14, until 16 surface of sand is anhydrous, waits for that sand 16 consolidates.
(2) after sand 16 consolidates, acceleration transducer 11 is fixed at barrel base head cover, by crossing gravity and taking out true
Sky forms barrel base 1 installation of the negative pressure by diameter 0.3m to designated position, waits for that the soil body completes super quiet pore pressure dissipation, then tried
It tests.
(3) loading frame 20 is nested on experiment iron case 15, then utilization vibrator fixed frame 6 low frequency electromagnetic exciting
Device 5 is fixed on certain altitude.The height for adjusting loading frame 20 position and low frequency vibration exciter, makes vibrator and barrel base 1 exist
On same straight line, and force snesor 7 is fixed between extended thrust bar 4 and mass block 3.
(4) check whether various kinds of sensors and signal amplifier and data collecting system are normal simultaneously before the test.Then
Apply vertical cycle exciting force at 1 top of barrel base by low frequency electromagnetic vibrator 5 and waits for 1 sound of barrel base after a certain period of time
Response (exciting force and acceleration responsive, ladle body strain, resistance to shear of soil, the hole of barrel base 1 and surrounding soil are recorded after should stablizing
Pressure etc.).After the completion of record, change the frequency of Simple Harmonic Load, carries out repeatedly similar experiment, and record data.
(5) after the 1 vertical dynamic stiffness testing experiment of barrel base in the case of no seawater 17 is completed, barrel base 1 is not
With extraction, certain depth is added water in testing iron case 15, with simulating ocean environment, after standing a period of time, is repeated without seawater
1 dynamic stiffness testing experiment of barrel base in the case of 17,1 vertical dynamic stiffness of barrel base is tested in the case of having seawater 17 with acquisition
Value；
(6) it will be pulled out on barrel base 1, so that 1 top plate of barrel base is left sea bed, but not fully extract, when consolidating one section
Between pulled out on caused by soil disturbance restore and super pore pressure dissipation after, carry out (4) step shown in load test, measure barrel base
The vertical initial dynamic stiffness of 1 barrel of wall；
(7) after extracting barrel base completely, the rigid disc basis of a diameter of 0.3m is installed in designated position, consolidation one
After fixing time.Apply vertical harmonic excitation load to disk basis, after disk base response stabilization, recording disc basis
Response, measures the vertical initial dynamic stiffness on disk basis；
(8) disk basis is removed, the barrel base 1 of a diameter of 0.1m is installed, after estimating a period of time, with reference to (4) step
Method, the vertical initial dynamic stiffness and soil body dynamic response (9) for measuring diameter 0.1m barrel bases 1 remove a diameter of 0.1m's
Barrel base 1, changes the barrel base 1 of a diameter of 0.5m, and consolidation after a certain period of time, with reference to the method for (4) step, measures 0.5m
The dynamic stiffness and soil body dynamic response of barrel base 1.So far dynamic stiffness model test terminates.
After the test, test procedure (4) step (5) measurement result is compared, analysis seawater 17 is vertical to barrel base 1
The Influencing Mechanism of initial dynamic stiffness；Test procedure (6)+(7) measurement result and step (5) measurement result are compared, analysis is barrel-shaped
Basic 1 different piece provides the relationship of initial stiffness；The result that thing test procedure (5), (8) and (9) is obtained carries out dimensionless
Change, is compared, the conclusion and test than ruler greatly and obtained by measuring true offshore wind turbine inverse that analysis model obtains in testing
To prototype barrel base dynamic stiffness value, to analyze influence of the dimensional effect to dimensionless dynamic stiffness.
Bucket base carries out the vertically initial dynamic damping experiment of bucket base after vertically the experiment of initial dynamic stiffness is finished.Dynamic damping experiment stream
For journey as dynamic stiffness experiment process, difference lies in dynamic stiffness to test the vertical cyclic load outside 1 top of barrel base applies,
And dynamic damping experiment applies an initial displacement or acceleration at the top of barrel base 1, then allows 1 free vibration of barrel base,
The attenuation curve of free vibration is measured by acceleration transducer, calculates the damping for acquiring barrel base 1.
By this experimental rig and test method, the factor for influencing the initial impedance,motional characteristic of bucket base, Jin Ershen can be studied
Enter to disclose the mechanism of bucket base and seawater, sea bed dynamic interaction.It is initial to bucket base dimensionless by inquiring into scale effect simultaneously
The influence of impedance,motional, is that the initial impedance,motional value of bucket base in Practical Project proposes reasonable proposal, and to China's sea turn from now on
The design of machine and the theory and technology suggestion that offer certain guidance is provided.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
The change or replacement expected without creative work, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the test method of the vertical initial impedance,motional experimental rig of a kind of barrel of base, which is characterized in that the experimental rig includes：Packet
Include experiment iron case（15）And barrel base（1）；The barrel base（1）Bottom be inserted into experiment iron case（15）Interior sand（16）Just
Center；Blower fan pylon（2）Pass through flange terminal pad（8）It is fixed on barrel base（1）Top, mass block（3）It is fixed on wind tower machine
Frame（2）Top；Low frequency electromagnetic vibrator（5）It is fixed on vibrator fixed frame（6）On, vibrator fixed frame（6）It is fixed on and adds
Carrier（20）On, loading frame（20）It is nested in experiment iron case（15）Sidewall upper；Low frequency electromagnetic vibrator（5）Lower end be connected to
Extended thrust bar（4）, force snesor（7）It is fixed on extended thrust bar（4）And mass block（3）Between；In barrel base（1）Bucket
Foil gauge is posted on the outside of wall（12）, soil pressure sensor（9）It is arranged in barrel base（1）On the contact surface of bottom and the soil body,
Barrel base（1）The barrel base of lower section（1）Central axes on, barrel base（1）Bucket wall both sides and barrel base（1）Outside
Lateral wall circumference is arranged with pore water pressure sensor（10）；Acceleration transducer（11）It is fixed on barrel base（1）Head cover
On, low frequency electromagnetic vibrator（5）And power amplifier（21）Connection, power amplifier（21）And swept signal generator（22）Even
It connects；Foil gauge（12）, soil pressure sensor（9）, pore water pressure sensor（10）, acceleration transducer（11）And force snesor
（7）Pass through data line and dynamic collecting instrument（23）Connection, dynamic collecting instrument（23）And computer（24）Connection；
The test method includes the vertical dynamic stiffness experiment of bucket base and the vertical dynamic damping experiment of bucket base；
The vertical dynamic stiffness experiment of bucket base is carried out first, is included the following steps：
In experiment iron case（15）It is middle to be first added without seawater；
A1) in drainpipe（14）Surrounding pads upper gravel, and gravel top layer overlay geotechnique's woven fabric prevents sand（16）From drainpipe
（14）It is lost in；
A2 sand) is waited for（16）After consolidation, in the barrel base of diameter 0.3m（1）Head cover at fix acceleration transducer
（11）, and by barrel base（1）Penetration test iron case（15）Centre sand is simultaneously installed in place, and waits for that the soil body completes super quiet pore pressure and disappears
It dissipates；
A3) loading frame (20) is nested on experiment iron case (15), then low frequency electromagnetic is swashed using vibrator fixed frame (6)
The device (5) that shakes is fixed, adjusts the height of loading frame (20) position and low frequency electromagnetic vibrator (5), make low frequency electromagnetic vibrator (5) and
The central axes of barrel base (1) overlap, and in extended thrust bar（4）And mass block（3）Between fix force snesor（7）；
A4）Pass through low frequency electromagnetic vibrator（5）In barrel base（1）Top applies vertical cycle exciting force, waits for barrel base（1）
Response records barrel base after stablizing（1）And the response data of surrounding soil；
A5) change the frequency of Simple Harmonic Load, repeated several times step A4）Several times, and data are recorded；
A6）Wait for no seawater（17）In the case of step A1）-A5）The vertical dynamic stiffness testing experiment of bucket base complete after, in experiment iron
Case（15）Middle addition seawater is stood a period of time to the soil body and is saturated, repeated step A1 with simulating ocean environment）-A4）, to obtain
There is seawater（17）In the case of the vertical dynamic stiffness test value of bucket base；
A7）By barrel base（1）On pull out, make barrel base（1）Top plate detached with the soil body but barrel base（1）Not fully pull out
Go out, after soil solidifying for a period of time until after soil disturbance recovery caused by above pulling out and super pore pressure dissipation, repetition has sea state
Under step A4）-A5）, measure barrel base（1）The vertical initial dynamic stiffness of bucket wall；
A8）By barrel base（1）After extracting completely, by the barrel base of diameter 0.3m（1）Remove the circle for changing a diameter of 0.3m
Disk basis, consolidation after a certain period of time, apply disk basis vertical harmonic excitation load, after base response stabilization, record
The response on disk basis measures the vertical initial dynamic stiffness on disk basis；
A9）Disk basis is removed, the barrel base of a diameter of 0.1m is installed（1）, after soil solidifying for a period of time after, with reference to the
A4）-A5）The method of step measures the barrel base of diameter 0.1m（1）Vertical initial dynamic stiffness and soil body dynamic response；
A10）Remove the barrel base of a diameter of 0.1m（1）, change the barrel base of diameter 0.5m（1）, wait for that soil solidifying is certain
After time, with reference to A4）-A5）The method of step measures the barrel base of diameter 0.5m（1）Dynamic stiffness and soil body dynamic response,
So far the vertical dynamic stiffness off-test of bucket base；
After the vertical dynamic stiffness experiment of barrel base is finished, the vertical dynamic damping experiment of bucket base, dynamic damping experiment process and dynamic stiffness are carried out
Experiment process is the same, and difference lies in step A4）Middle dynamic stiffness experiment is in barrel base（1）Top applies external vertical cycle lotus
It carries, and dynamic damping experiment is in barrel base（1）Top applies an initial displacement or acceleration, then allows barrel base（1）From
By vibrating, the attenuation curve of free vibration is measured by acceleration transducer, calculating acquires barrel base（1）Damping.
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| CN108827569B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2020-04-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Excitation rod for nonlinear structure ground resonance attenuation test |
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