CN106284239B - A kind of large-scale dam-type power plant prime selected site method - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale dam-type power plant prime selected site method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale dam-type power plant prime selected site method, comprise the following steps：Utilized river section is intended according to the minimum limit value screening of the river ethic for suitably building large-scale dam-type power plant, determines focus development section；Focus development section hypsographic map is generated according to satellite terrain data, obtains raw water position and the massif overhead height of focus development section；River river width at raw water position in upstream and downstream both sides is selected from focus development section and is more than the section for suitably building large-scale dam-type power plant river width, chooses multiple river width minimum points as the alternative dam site of dam；Each alternative dam site takes some heights of swell, and each each height of swell alternatively at dam site is a Dam Designs in Last scheme；The dam parameter of each dam designing scheme is determined respectively；Determine the inundated area and effective storage of reservoir in each dam designing scheme；Calculate the installed capacity in power station and storage coefficient in each dam designing scheme；All Dam Designs in Last schemes are exported.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a site selection method for water conservancy facilities, in particular to a preliminary site selection method for a large dam type hydropower station.
Background
In 2015, the global energy Internet is promoted to be a national initiative from a strategic idea, and a large dam type hydropower station with larger regulation capacity becomes an important supporting power supply of a global interconnected power grid. Under the background of constructing a global energy internet strategy, parameters such as hydropower theoretical storage capacity, technical exploitability, economic exploitability and the like of all regions of the world need to be evaluated, and hydropower preliminary planning is needed to be carried out on all regions of the world to research the construction address, installed capacity and regulation characteristic of the planned large dam type hydropower station.
In actual engineering, hydropower planning needs a large amount of topographic, geological and hydrological investigation design data as support, the field survey workload is large, the time span is long, and billions of expenses are frequently needed for support. Under the background of constructing a global energy internet strategy, hydropower planning objects are basically abroad, the support of foreign related management departments and technical design departments is usually difficult to obtain in strategic conception and planning stages, and the source and channel of hydropower planning engineering data are lacked, so that the conventional hydropower site selection and design method cannot be adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for primarily selecting a site of a large dam type hydropower station, which can perform the screening of a planned development river reach, the site selection of the large dam type hydropower station, and the calculation of installed capacity and adjustment characteristics of the large dam type hydropower station by using satellite terrain data as a main data source and supported by a small amount of public data and engineering experience values in the absence of detailed survey design data and a large amount of expenditure support.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a large dam type hydropower station initial site selection method comprises the following steps:
1) Screening the river reach to be developed according to the minimum value of the runoff of the river suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station, and determining a key development river reach;
2) Acquiring satellite topographic data of the key development river reach, generating a contour topographic map of the key development river reach according to the satellite topographic data, and acquiring the original water level and the mountain top height of the key development river reach from the contour topographic map;
3) On a contour topographic map, selecting river sections of which the river channel widths of the river channels at the original water level on the upstream side and the downstream side are larger than the river channel width suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station from key development river sections, measuring the river channel widths of the selected river sections at the original water level at equal intervals along one side of a river bank, and drawing a river channel width curve of the selected river sections along the river bank; selecting positions of a plurality of river channel width minimum value points on a selected river reach as alternative dam sites of the dam;
4) Presetting the maximum value of the backwater height at each alternative dam site, and gradually selecting a plurality of backwater height values at the alternative dam sites at equal intervals from the initial height value until the maximum value of the backwater height is reached, wherein each backwater height at each alternative dam site represents a dam design scheme, so that a plurality of different dam design schemes are obtained;
5) According to the height of the top of the mountain, alternative dam sites and various water damming height values, dam parameters of various dam design schemes are respectively determined, and the dam parameters comprise: normal water storage level, dead water level, check flood level, dam crest height and dam crest length;
6) Determining the inundation area and the effective reservoir volume of the reservoir in each dam design scheme according to the dam parameters and the satellite topographic data of each dam design scheme;
7) Calculating the installed capacity and the storage capacity coefficient of the hydropower station in each dam design scheme according to the public data and the engineering experience value;
8) And outputting the selected alternative dam sites of the plurality of dams, a plurality of dam design schemes corresponding to the alternative dam sites, dam parameters corresponding to the dam design schemes, the inundated area and the effective area of the reservoir, the installed capacity of the hydropower station and the reservoir capacity coefficient as references in specific site selection.
And 9) judging whether a closed area defined by the corresponding contour lines of the normal water storage level of the downstream dam of the same river reach contains the alternative dam site of the upstream dam or not, and if so, outputting incompatible information of the two dam design schemes in the same river reach.
The minimum limit value of the river runoff suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station in the step 1) is obtained by calculation according to the minimum installed capacity required by the dam-building type hydropower station; the step 1) of screening the key development river reach comprises the following steps: acquiring the annual runoff of each river in the area to be developed, comparing the annual runoff of each river in the area with the minimum limit value of the river runoff suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station, and excluding river reach with the annual runoff of each river in the area smaller than the minimum limit value of the river runoff suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station to obtain a plurality of key development river reach.
The calculation formula of the minimum value of the river runoff suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station is as follows:
in the formula, Q min The minimum value of the river runoff suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station; p min Is the minimum installed capacity of a dam hydropower station; t is a0 The number of annual operating hours of a dam hydropower station; k is a hydropower station comprehensive output coefficient; h is the estimated backwater height of the hydropower station; t is 0 Is the total hours of the year.
The width of a river suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station in the step 3) is 2 kilometers; and 5) in the step 5), the dam crest length is the length of a cutoff line of the contour line corresponding to the dam crest height at the alternative dam site on the contour line topographic map of the key development river reach.
In the step 6), the inundation area of the reservoir in each dam design scheme is as follows: selecting a terrain curved surface area between a raw water level corresponding contour line of an upstream river channel of each alternative dam site of the river reach and a normal water storage level corresponding contour line after damming;
the effective storage capacity of the reservoir in each dam design scheme is as follows: the corresponding contour line of the normal water storage level of the upstream river channel of each optional dam site of the selected river section and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the dead water level and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the normal water storage level and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the dead water level and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a topographic curved surface between the horizontal plane and the cutoff line of the dam, and the volume enclosed by the cross section of the river channel at the position of the dam.
In the step 7), calculating the installed capacity of the hydropower station comprises:
(1) calculating a water purifying head of the hydropower station;
(2) acquiring the annual average runoff of a river reach where the hydropower station is located;
(3) calculating the annual energy production of the hydropower station:
in the formula, E Year-round Is the annual energy production of the hydropower station; k is a hydropower station comprehensive output coefficient; h Medicine for treating rheumatism A hydropower station water purification head;the annual average runoff of the river reach in which the hydropower station is located; t is a unit of 0 Total hours of a year;
(4) calculating the installed capacity of the hydropower station:
in the formula, N Clothes (CN) Is the installed capacity of the hydropower station; t is a unit of a The number of annual usage hours of the hydropower station.
The calculation formula of the hydropower station water purification head in the step (1) is as follows:
in the formula, H Medicine for treating rheumatism A hydropower station water purification head; h Death of disease The elevation of the dead water level of the hydropower station; h Maximum falling The maximum falling depth of the hydropower station; h Original Is the raw water level elevation of the river; Δ H Loss of power To loss of head along the way and locally.
In the step (2), the annual average runoff of the river reach of the hydropower station is obtained by looking up public data;
or acquiring the estuary flow of the river reach where the hydropower station is located and calculating the annual average runoff of the river reach where the hydropower station is located according to the rainfall and the basin area;
or converting the annual average runoff of the river reach where the hydropower station is located by adopting the basin area, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula, S 0 Is the basin area of the associated river segment;is the known annual average runoff for the associated river segment; s is the basin area of the river reach where the hydropower station is located;the annual average runoff of the river reach in which the hydropower station is located.
In the step 7), a calculation formula of the storage capacity coefficient of the reservoir is as follows:
in the formula, beta is the storage capacity coefficient of the hydropower station; v Is effective Is the effective storage capacity of the reservoir.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the method for primarily selecting and designing the site of the large dam type hydropower station takes satellite terrain data as the most important data source, and has the advantages of low cost, reliable technology and strong practicability. 2. The invention relates to a method for primarily selecting and designing a large dam type hydropower station, which adopts a cut-off line of a topographic data contour line to simulate a dam, simulates a water surface by a plane area surrounded by the contour line and the cut-off line, calculates an effective reservoir capacity of a reservoir by the water surface and a topographic curved surface right below the water surface, and calculates other parameters based on the effective reservoir capacity of the reservoir. 3. The method for preliminarily selecting the site and designing the large dam type hydropower station is suitable for preliminarily selecting the site and determining related parameters of the large dam type hydropower station in river current river reach in the wide and fluvial region. 4. The method for preliminary site selection and design of the large dam type hydropower station is suitable for preliminary site selection of various large dam type hydropower stations and determination of relevant parameters. 5. The method for preliminarily selecting and designing the large dam type hydropower station determines the preliminary site selection and the related parameters of the large dam type hydropower station under the conditions of lacking of detailed engineering data and large amount of expenditure support. 6. The method for preliminarily selecting and designing the site of the large dam type hydropower station can provide a large amount of practical basic data for the feasibility research of hydropower station engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of river width measurements at the original river level;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a river course width curve;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the channel parameters and the dam hydropower station reservoir parameters.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for primarily selecting and designing the site of the large dam type hydropower station comprises the following steps:
1) And screening the section to be developed according to the minimum value of the runoff of the river suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station, and determining the key development section.
The river runoff is an important basis for judging the key development river reach, and the small runoff can cause the installed capacity of the dam type hydropower station to be small and the adjusting capacity to be weak. And calculating the minimum limit value of the river runoff suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station according to the minimum installed capacity required by the planned dam type hydropower station. And then acquiring the annual runoff of each river in the area to be developed from the public data, comparing the annual runoff of each river in the area with the minimum limit value of the calculated river runoff suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station, excluding a large number of river sections with the annual runoff smaller than the minimum limit value, and acquiring a major development river section with a small number of annual runoff and large river section.
The calculation formula of the minimum value of the river runoff suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station is as follows:
in the formula, Q min The minimum value of the river runoff suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station; p min Determining the minimum installed capacity of the dam type hydropower station according to the requirement; t is a0 The number of annual operating hours of a dam hydropower station; k is a hydropower station comprehensive output coefficient, is related to gravitational acceleration, hydropower station power generation comprehensive efficiency and the like, and when the installed capacity is more than 25 ten thousand kilowatts, k =8.5, when the installed capacity is between 2.5 and 25 ten thousand kilowatts, k = 8.0-8.5, and when the installed capacity is less than 2.5 ten thousand kilowatts, k = 6.0-8.0; h is the estimated backwater height of the hydropower station selected according to engineering experience, in order to obtain the lowest limit value of the runoff of the river, the estimated backwater height is the maximum value, and H =200 m is taken; t is 0 The total hours of the year, the value is 8760.
2) Acquiring satellite topographic data of the key development river reach from public data, and generating a contour topographic map of the key development river reach according to the satellite topographic data; river channel parameters such as the original water level (namely the original water surface height of the river channel) of the key developed river reach, the top height of the mountain body and the like can be obtained from the contour topographic map.
3) As shown in fig. 2 and 3, on a contour topographic map, selecting a river reach with the river widths at the original water levels of the river courses at the upper and lower sides larger than the river width suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station from key development river reaches, measuring the river width of the selected river reach at the original water level every 10 meters along one side of a river bank, wherein the direction of measuring the river width is vertical to the water flow direction, and drawing a river width curve of the selected river reach along the river bank; and selecting positions of 5 river channel width minimum value points on the selected river reach as alternative dam sites of the dam, and selecting all the minimum value points when the minimum value points are less than 5. Wherein, the width of the river channel suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station can be 2 kilometers.
4) The backwater height refers to the height of the water level rise caused by the blocked water flow, and the backwater height of the dam type hydropower station is the height difference between the normal water storage level of the hydropower station after the dam is built and the original water level of the river channel. Respectively determining the maximum value H of the backwater height at each alternative dam site according to engineering experience max Maximum value of backwater height H max Generally not higher than 200 meters and 20 meters lower than the top of the mountain with the lowest height at two sides; at each alternative dam site, the backwater height is gradually increased from the initial height value every n meters until the maximum backwater height H is reached max If 10 total stagnant water height values are obtained, where the initial height value may be 10 meters, n = (H) max -10)/9. Each choked water height at each alternative dam site represents a dam design scheme, so that a plurality of different dam design schemes can be obtained.
5) And respectively determining dam parameters of each dam design scheme according to the height of the top of the mountain, the alternative dam sites and each backwater height value, wherein the dam parameters comprise: normal water storage level, dead water level, check flood level, dam crest height and dam crest length. Wherein, as shown in fig. 4, the height difference between the normal water storage level and the original water level is the backwater height; the height difference between the dead water level and the original water level is 1/3 of the backwater height; checking flood level, namely flood control level, and keeping 5 meters above normal water storage level; the height of the dam crest is 10 meters above the normal water storage level; and determining the dam crest length according to the length of a cut-off line of the contour line corresponding to the dam crest height at the alternative dam site on a contour line topographic map of the key development river reach.
6) And determining the inundation area and the effective reservoir capacity of the reservoir corresponding to each dam according to the dam parameters and the satellite topographic data of each dam design scheme.
And selecting the terrain curved surface area between the original water level corresponding contour line of the upstream river channel of each alternative dam site of the river reach and the contour line corresponding to the normal water storage level after the dam is built, namely the inundation area of the reservoir in each dam design scheme.
The corresponding contour line of the normal water storage level of the upstream river channel of each alternative dam site of the selected river section and the dam cutoff line enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the dead water level and the dam cutoff line enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the normal water storage level and the dam cutoff line enclose a terrain curved surface between the horizontal plane and the corresponding contour line of the dead water level and the dam cutoff line and the volume enclosed by the cross section of the river channel at the position of the dam, and the effective reservoir capacity of the reservoir in each dam design scheme is obtained.
And calculating the inundation area and the effective storage capacity of the reservoir corresponding to each dam according to the dam parameters and the satellite topographic data of each dam design scheme.
7) And calculating the installed capacity and the storage capacity coefficient of the hydropower station in each dam design scheme under the support of public data (such as topographic data, basin area, annual average runoff and the like) and engineering experience values (such as the height of the choked water, the length of the dam, the number of annual utilization hours and the like).
Because the relevant hydrological data of the selected river reach is deficient, the invention adopts a simplified method, namely an installed capacity annual utilization hour number method, to determine the installed capacity of the hydropower station. The basic idea of the annual utilization hours method of installed capacity is as follows: the installed capacity of the hydropower station is determined by first calculating the annual energy production of the hydropower station and then estimating the annual hours of utilization of the hydropower station. The invention assumes that the water purifying head of the hydropower station is constant, the water passing amount of the water turbine per year is equal to the total runoff of the river reach, other losses of water flow are ignored, the efficiency of the water turbine and the generating efficiency are not changed in the operation under variable working conditions, and the installed capacity and the storage capacity coefficient of the hydropower station are calculated, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the water purification head of the hydropower station: the hydropower station clear water head is equal to the difference between an upstream water level elevation (the elevation is the altitude with the sea level as a water reference surface) and a downstream water level elevation, and then the loss of an on-way water head and a local water head is deducted. The change of a water head along with time when the hydropower station operates is not considered, the upstream water level elevation is the water storage level corresponding to the dead reservoir capacity of the reservoir plus half of the effective reservoir capacity, and the dead water level plus 2/3 of the maximum falling depth is obtained under simplified conditions; assuming that the downstream water level after the dam is built is kept unchanged, and the downstream water level elevation is the original water level elevation of the river before the dam is built, the calculation formula of the hydropower station water purifying head is as follows:
in the formula, H Medicine for treating rheumatism A hydropower station water purification head; h Death by death The elevation of the dead water level of the hydropower station; h Maximum fall The maximum falling depth of the hydropower station is equal to the height difference between the normal water storage level and the dead water level; h Original (original) Is the raw water level elevation of the river; Δ H Loss of power Taking 1-3 meters for the loss of the water head along the way and the local water head, wherein the water head is the height difference of the water levels of the upper and the lower reaches of the dam, the water head is the backwater height in the patent, and the water head is delta H when 200 meters Loss of power Taking delta H of low-head hydropower station with 3 meters and water head below 40 meters Loss of power Taking 1 meter.
(2) Acquiring the annual average runoff of the river reach of the hydropower station: the annual average runoff of the river reach where the hydropower station is located, namely the upstream incoming water flow of the hydropower station, is independent of time and is constant. The annual average runoff of a part of a river course can be found from published data. The river reach of which the annual average runoff cannot be found can be found in general, and the estuary flow of the river into which the river enters can be found, and in engineering practice, the annual average runoff can be calculated through rainfall and basin area in general. If the rainfall can not be detected at the river reach and some rivers are mainly supplemented by snow melt instead of rain water, the river basin area can be directly adopted for conversion, and the conversion formula is as follows:
in the formula, S 0 The river basin area of the related river reach is obtained from public data;for known annual average runoff of associated river segments, data is from public data; s is the river basin area of the river reach, and the data is from public data;the annual average runoff of the river reach in which the hydropower station is located.
(3) Calculating the annual energy production of the hydropower station:
in the formula, E Year-round Is the annual energy production of the hydropower station; t is 0 The total hours of the year, the value is 8760.
(4) According to the functional positioning and operation mode of the hydropower station (such as the hydropower station used for wind power peak regulation), the annual utilization hours of the hydropower station to be built are determined by referring to the annual utilization hours of hydropower stations of the same type (namely the hydropower stations with similar installation capacity, functional positioning and operation mode) and hydropower stations built in the region; and (3) calculating the installed capacity of the hydropower station by adopting a formula (5), and rounding according to integral multiple of the single-machine capacity of the known water turbine.
In the formula, N Clothes with cover Is the installed capacity of the hydropower station; t is a The number of annual usage hours of the hydropower station.
(5) Calculating the storage capacity coefficient of the reservoir, and determining the regulation performance: the storage capacity coefficient is a relative index for expressing the regulation performance of the reservoir, and the regulation cycle of the reservoir can be preliminarily judged according to the size of the storage capacity coefficient: if the storage capacity coefficient is large, the regulation performance of the reservoir is good, and the regulation period is long; otherwise, the regulation performance of the reservoir is poor, and the regulation period is short. The regulation performance of the reservoir can be divided into several types such as daily regulation, monthly regulation, seasonal regulation, annual regulation, perennial regulation and the like through the reservoir capacity coefficient of the hydropower station reservoir. The calculation formula of the storage capacity coefficient is as follows:
in the formula, beta is the storage capacity coefficient of the hydropower station; v Is effective The effective storage capacity of the reservoir is obtained by the step 6).
Beta is less than 0.02, and is an unregulated reservoir; the beta = 0.02-0.03 is a daily regulation reservoir; beta = 0.03-0.08 for monthly regulation reservoir; regulating the reservoir for the season beta = 0.08-0.20; beta = 0.20-0.30 is an incomplete year regulating reservoir; beta = 0.30-0.50 is a complete year regulation reservoir; beta >0.5 is a year-round regulated reservoir.
8) And outputting the selected alternative dam sites of the plurality of dams, a plurality of dam design schemes corresponding to the alternative dam sites, dam parameters, the inundation area and the effective area of the reservoir, the installed capacity of the hydropower station and the storage capacity coefficient corresponding to the dam design schemes as references in specific site selection.
9) And (3) judging the compatibility of dam design schemes of different alternative dam sites in the same river reach: judging whether a closed area defined by corresponding contour lines of normal water storage levels of downstream dams of the same river reach includes an alternative dam site of an upstream dam or not, if so, outputting incompatible information of the two dam design schemes in the same river reach, namely, the dams of the two design schemes cannot be built on the same river reach at the same time.
In the embodiment, computer software Global Mapper is adopted in the step 2) to read satellite topographic data of the key development river reach and generate a contour topographic map, so that the efficiency is high, and the practicability is high.
In the embodiment, all the calculations in the method can be automatically completed by adopting computer software, so that the efficiency is higher and the practicability is stronger.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, the arrangement position, the connection mode, and the like of each component can be changed, and all equivalent changes and improvements based on the technical scheme of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A large dam type hydropower station primary site selection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Screening the river reach to be developed according to the minimum value of the runoff of the river suitable for building the large dam type hydropower station, and determining a key development river reach;
2) Acquiring satellite topographic data of the key development river reach, generating a contour topographic map of the key development river reach according to the satellite topographic data, and acquiring the original water level and the mountain top height of the key development river reach from the contour topographic map;
3) On a contour topographic map, selecting a river section with river channel widths of river channels at the original water level positions of the upstream and downstream sides larger than that of a river channel suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station from key development river sections, measuring the river channel widths of the selected river section at the original water level positions at equal intervals along one side of a river bank, and drawing a river channel width curve of the selected river section along the river bank; selecting positions of a plurality of river channel width minimum value points on a selected river reach as alternative dam sites of the dam;
4) Presetting the maximum value of the backwater height at each alternative dam site, and gradually selecting a plurality of backwater height values at the alternative dam sites at equal intervals from the initial height value until the maximum value of the backwater height is reached, wherein each backwater height at each alternative dam site represents a dam design scheme, so that a plurality of different dam design schemes are obtained;
5) According to the height of the top of the mountain, the alternative dam sites and the backwater height values, respectively determining dam parameters of each dam design scheme, wherein the dam parameters comprise: normal water storage level, dead water level, check flood level, dam crest height and dam crest length;
6) Determining the inundation area and the effective reservoir capacity of the reservoir in each dam design scheme according to the dam parameters and the satellite topographic data of each dam design scheme;
7) Calculating the installed capacity and the storage capacity coefficient of the hydropower station in each dam design scheme according to the public data and the engineering experience value;
8) And outputting the selected alternative dam sites of the plurality of dams, a plurality of dam design schemes corresponding to the alternative dam sites, dam parameters, the inundation area and the effective area of the reservoir, the installed capacity of the hydropower station and the storage capacity coefficient corresponding to the dam design schemes as references in specific site selection.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a step 9) of determining whether a closed area defined by corresponding contour lines of normal impoundment levels of downstream dams in the same river reach includes an alternative dam site of an upstream dam or not, and if so, outputting incompatible information of two dam design schemes in the same river reach.
3. The method for primarily locating a large dam hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein the minimum limit value of the runoff of the river suitable for constructing the large dam hydropower station in the step 1) is calculated according to the minimum installed capacity required by the dam hydropower station to be constructed;
the step 1) of screening the key development river reach comprises the following steps: acquiring the annual runoff of each river in the area to be developed, comparing the annual runoff of each river in the area with the minimum limit value of the runoff of the hydropower station suitable for building a large dam, and excluding river reach in which the annual runoff of each river in the area is less than the minimum limit value of the runoff of the hydropower station suitable for building the large dam, thereby obtaining a plurality of key development river reach.
4. The preliminary site selection method for large dam hydropower stations according to claim 3, wherein the minimum value of the runoff of the river suitable for building the large dam hydropower stations is calculated by the formula:
in the formula, Q min The minimum value of the river runoff suitable for building a large dam type hydropower station; p min Is the minimum installed capacity of a dam hydropower station; t is a0 The number of annual operating hours of a dam hydropower station; k is the comprehensive output coefficient of the hydropower station; h is the estimated backwater height of the hydropower station; t is 0 Is the total hours of the year.
5. The method for primarily site selection of a large dam type hydropower station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of a river suitable for construction of the large dam type hydropower station in the step 3) is 2 kilometers;
and 5) in the step 5), the dam crest length is the length of the cutoff line of the contour line corresponding to the height of the dam crest at the alternative dam site on the contour line topographic map of the river reach which is mainly developed.
6. A preliminary site selection method for a large dam hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the flooding area of the reservoir in each dam design scheme is as follows: selecting a terrain curved surface area between a raw water level corresponding contour line of an upstream river channel of each alternative dam site of the river reach and a normal water storage level corresponding contour line after damming;
the effective storage capacity of the reservoir in each dam design scheme is as follows: the corresponding contour line of the normal water storage level of the upstream river channel of each optional dam site of the selected river section and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the dead water level and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the normal water storage level and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a horizontal plane, the corresponding contour line of the dead water level and the cutoff line of the dam enclose a topographic curved surface between the horizontal plane and the cutoff line of the dam, and the volume enclosed by the cross section of the river channel at the position of the dam.
7. The method for primarily locating a large dam hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein the step 7) of calculating the installed capacity of the hydropower station comprises:
(1) calculating a water purification head of the hydropower station;
(2) acquiring the annual average runoff of a river reach where the hydropower station is located;
(3) calculating the annual energy production of the hydropower station:
in the formula, E Year of year Is the annual energy production of the hydropower station; k is a hydropower station comprehensive output coefficient; h Medicine for treating rheumatism A hydropower station water purification head;the annual average runoff of the river reach in which the hydropower station is located; t is 0 Total hours of a year;
(4) calculating the installed capacity of the hydropower station:
in the formula, N Clothes (CN) Is the installed capacity of the hydropower station; t is a The number of annual hours of use of the hydropower station.
8. The method for primarily selecting the site of the large dam type hydropower station as claimed in claim 7, wherein the calculation formula of the hydropower station clear head in the step (1) is as follows:
in the formula, H Medicine for treating rheumatism A hydropower station water purification head; h Death by death The elevation of the dead water level of the hydropower station; h Maximum fall The maximum falling depth of the hydropower station; h Original Is the raw water level elevation of the river; Δ H Loss of power To loss of head along the way and locally.
9. The method for primarily locating the large dam type hydropower station according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the annual average runoff of a river reach where the hydropower station is located is obtained by looking up public data;
or acquiring the estuary flow of the river reach where the hydropower station is located and calculating the annual average runoff of the river reach where the hydropower station is located according to the rainfall and the basin area;
or converting the annual average runoff of the river reach where the hydropower station is located by adopting the basin area, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula, S 0 Is the watershed area of the associated river segment;is the known annual average runoff of the associated river segment; s is the basin area of the river reach where the hydropower station is located;the annual average runoff of the river reach in which the hydropower station is located.
10. The initial site selection method for the large dam type hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7), the reservoir capacity coefficient of the reservoir is calculated by the formula:
in the formula, beta is the storage capacity coefficient of the hydropower station; v Is effective Is the effective storage capacity of the reservoir;the annual average runoff of the river reach in which the hydropower station is located.
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