CN106283213A - The vacuum pipe of a kind of vacuum cleaning oven cleans device - Google Patents
The vacuum pipe of a kind of vacuum cleaning oven cleans device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106283213A CN106283213A CN201610712758.7A CN201610712758A CN106283213A CN 106283213 A CN106283213 A CN 106283213A CN 201610712758 A CN201610712758 A CN 201610712758A CN 106283213 A CN106283213 A CN 106283213A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum
- water
- spray
- control system
- vacuum pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/04—Cleaning spinnerettes or other parts of the spinnerette packs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
Abstract
The vacuum pipe that the invention discloses a kind of vacuum cleaning oven cleans device, this cleaning device includes pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum, spray equipment and control system, wherein pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum contains vaccum case, water-ring vacuum pump and moisture trap, vaccum case is fixed on body of heater, spray equipment includes Water spray depurator and preventing return water device, preventing return water device is included in spray and fills the upper normal-closed electromagnetic valve installed and manual intake valve, pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum, spray equipment is connected with control system, set-up of control system have the temperature controller of the mutually linkage comprising temperature programmed control, can the low warning of hydraulic pressure, overtemperature alarm, coarse vacuum is reported to the police.During evacuation of the present invention, efficiently solving the blockage problem of vacuum pipe, and prevent flow backwards vacuum equipment, control system can accurately control heating-up temperature, it is provided that precision and efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vacuum cleaned field, be specifically related to one and be applicable to clean chemical fibre industry super-huge assembly spray webbing
On the parts such as plate, distribution plate, the vacuum pipe of a kind of vacuum cleaning oven of the chemical fibre polymer of attachment cleans device.
Background technology
Vacuum cleaning oven is applicable to the terylene of chemical fibre industry, chinlon, polypropylene, the assembly of nonwoven production, spinneret, mistake
The cleaning such as filter element processes, and is also applied for plastics, cable, the die head cleaning of resin industry are used.Vacuum cleaning oven utilizes macromolecule
Polymer is melting when about 300 DEG C, higher than 300 DEG C of isolation air cleavable coking, is having a small amount of air also higher than 400 DEG C
Have in the environment of certain vacuum degree can the characteristic of complete oxidation, first by be stained with macromolecule dirt workpiece heat to 300 DEG C (according to
Technological requirement is drafted), make to trickle in the collection container of lower furnace portion after the fusing of a fairly large number of high molecular polymer on workpiece,
The most again furnace temperature is raised to 400-500 DEG C, opens vacuum pump simultaneously, and be passed through a small amount of fresh air, make remaining polymer fill
Divide oxidation, the carbon dioxide of generation, be then discharged out outside stove.Owing to chemical fibre high molecular polymer can produce many after vacuum cracking
Carrying sticking dust, these dust easily stick to, on vacuum tube inwall, cause the blocking of vacuum tube.In prior art, such as public affairs
The pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum and the vacuum extractor that disclose a kind of vacuum cleaning oven in front application that the number of opening is CN2752694Y,
The vaccum case of pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum is connected with one end of vacuum tube, vaccum case inner chamber equipped with heater and filtration members,
Being also equipped with intake valve on vaccum case, filtration members is screen plate, and screen plate at least two pieces, screen plate is contained in rustless steel electrical heating
Guan Shang, screen plate is provided with some apertures, and the vacuum tube other end is connected with the entrance of Water spray depurator, Water spray depurator
Outlet be connected with the interface of water-ring vacuum pump, another interface of water-ring vacuum pump is connected with moisture trap.This device
Reduce the blocking of vacuum tube to a certain extent, but be susceptible to aqueous reflux vacuum pump, pollute, additionally, there may be for
The heating of pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum can not accurately control, heating, supplies water, and it is automatic that evacuation and spray can not realize sequencing
The problems such as control, temperature control precision deficiency and inefficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is provided that a kind of easy to use, efficiency is high, pollute less, precision
The vacuum pipe of high a kind of vacuum cleaning oven cleans device.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that
The vacuum pipe of a kind of vacuum cleaning oven cleans device, and it includes pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum, spray equipment and control system
System, wherein pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum contains vaccum case, water-ring vacuum pump and moisture trap, and vaccum case is fixed on stove
On body, vaccum case inner chamber, equipped with rustless steel electric heating tube and four pieces of screen plates, vaccum case is also equipped with intake valve, screen plate
Being contained on rustless steel electric heating tube, screen plate is provided with some apertures, and one end of vaccum case is connected with one end of vacuum tube, its
Being characterised by, the other end of vaccum case assembles with fixing seat, and electric wire is connected on the rustless steel electric heating tube of vaccum case inner chamber
On binding post, and passing from through wires hole, be connected with control system, spray equipment includes Water spray depurator and preventing return water dress
Putting, the other end of vacuum tube is connected with the entrance of Water spray depurator, the outlet of Water spray depurator and water-ring vacuum pump
Interface is connected, and another interface of water-ring vacuum pump is connected with moisture trap, and spray equipment is connected with control system.
Further, spray equipment includes that Water spray depurator and preventing return water device, the other end of vacuum tube spray with water
The entrance drenching depurator is connected, and the outlet of Water spray depurator is connected with the interface of water-ring vacuum pump, water-ring vacuum pump
Another interface is connected with moisture trap, and spray equipment is connected with control system.
Further, preventing return water device is included in spray and fills the upper normal-closed electromagnetic valve installed and manual intake valve.When
Vacuum pump open time, this electromagnetic valve and vacuum pump simultaneously electric, electromagnetic valve is in closure state.When vacuum pump is closed, this electricity
Magnet valve dead electricity simultaneously, and it is in opening, it is now negative pressure in stove, stove outer air quickly enters in stove by this valve, makes stove
Internal and external pressure balance.
Further, set-up of control system is in switch board, and switch board wiring enters lower outlet under using, and sets bottom switch board
Having carbon steel mounting seat, the power cable of switch board to body of heater, control cable need to lay wire casing protection, electrical equipment in switch board
Protection panel is installed at main circuit connection, and switch board arranges the low warning of hydraulic pressure, overtemperature alarm, coarse vacuum warning.
Further, control system contains three set high-precision digital display type programmable temperature control instrument, it is possible to automatically starts and arranges
Good process parameter carries out PID and regulates temperature control, the most a set of instrument program temperature control, a set of instrument interlock protection, another set of instrument
List solely controls pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum chain with whole system, and realizes following protection:
(1) overtemperature alarm, and automatically cut off heating power supply.
(2) disconnected even warning, and automatically cut off heating power supply.
(3) circuit water alarm, and automatically cut off heating power supply.
(4) vacuum pump do not run or vacuum low spacing time, equipment alarm, cut off heating power supply simultaneously, protect.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that puts pouring device by setting, and can effectively prevent
The generation of pouring situation, reduces the pollution of vacuum pump;Use control system, and with pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum, spray equipment phase
Even, cleaning thoroughly, automaticity is high, it is possible to realizes temperature and controls accurately, to improve work efficiency, alleviate labor intensity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is prior art pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum structural representation.
Fig. 2 is evacuation and spray equipment in prior art.
Fig. 3 is pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum and body of heater and the figure that is linked and packed of other parts in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is evacuation and spray equipment in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the embodiment of invention is described in detail:
Shown in Fig. 1-2, for pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum in prior art and evacuation and spray equipment.Pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum
Containing vaccum case 2, water-ring vacuum pump 13 and moisture trap 12, vaccum case 2 is fixed on support 7, vaccum case 2 with
One end of vacuum tube 1 is connected, and vaccum case 2 inner chamber is equipped with rustless steel electric heating tube 4 and four pieces of screen plates 3, and electric wire is connected on stainless
On the binding post 8 of steel electric heating tube 4, and pass from through wires hole 9.Intake valve 5 it is also equipped with on vaccum case 2.Screen plate 3 is contained in
On rustless steel electric heating tube 4, screen plate is provided with some apertures.
Pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum is connected with evacuation and spray equipment, and one end of vaccum case 2 is fixed on support 7,
The other end of vaccum case 2 is fixed on body of heater, and vaccum case 2 is connected with vacuum tube 1, the other end of vacuum tube 1 and Water spray
The entrance of depurator 11 is connected, and the outlet of Water spray depurator 11 is connected with the interface of water-ring vacuum pump 13, liquid-ring type vacuum
Another interface of pump 13 is connected with moisture trap 12.
As shown in Figure 3-4, the vacuum pipe of the vacuum cleaning oven of the application cleans device, and it includes the anti-blocking dress of vacuum pipe
Put, spray equipment and control system.Wherein, pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum is identical with agent structure of the prior art, simply exists
Improve to some extent with on body of heater and vacuum tube connected mode, as it is shown on figure 3, vaccum case 2 is fixed on body of heater 10, vaccum case 2
One end be connected with vacuum tube 1, the other end of vaccum case 2 and fixing seat assemble, and electric wire is connected on the stainless of vaccum case 2 inner chamber
On the binding post 8 of steel electric heating tube 4, and pass from through wires hole 9, be connected with control system.
As shown in Figure 4, spray equipment includes that Water spray purifies to the connection status of pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum and spray equipment
Device 11 and preventing return water device 6, the other end of vacuum tube 1 is connected with the entrance of Water spray depurator 11, Water spray depurator 11
Outlet be connected with the interface of water-ring vacuum pump 13, another interface of water-ring vacuum pump 13 is connected with moisture trap 12.
Preventing return water device 6 is included in spray and fills the upper normal-closed electromagnetic valve installed and manual intake valve.When vacuum pump is opened, this electricity
Magnet valve and vacuum pump simultaneously electric, electromagnetic valve is in closure state.When vacuum pump is closed, this electromagnetic valve dead electricity simultaneously, and locate
In opening, being now negative pressure in stove, stove outer air quickly enters in stove by this valve, makes stove internal and external pressure balance, overcomes
Because of in stove during negative pressure the aqueous reflux in vacuum pump pipeline enter the defect in stove.During manual intake valve system normal-closed electromagnetic valve fault
Manually use.Spray equipment is connected with control system (not shown).Set-up of control system is in switch board, and switch board wiring is adopted
Entering lower outlet under with, be provided with carbon steel mounting seat bottom switch board, the power cable of switch board to body of heater, control cable need to lay
Wire casing protect, in switch board electrical equipment protection panel only need to install at main circuit connection, the low warning of hydraulic pressure, overtemperature alarm,
Coarse vacuum is reported to the police and is alarm lamp mode, it is not necessary to sound.Control system contains three set high-precision digital display type programmable temperature control instrument, energy
Enough optimised process program parameters arranged that automatically starts carry out PID regulation temperature control, the most a set of instrument program temperature control, a set of instrument
Interlock protection, another set of instrument individually controls pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum chain with whole system.
General chemical fibre high molecular polymer, about 300 DEG C fusings, higher than 300 DEG C of isolation air cracking, and produces multiple
Lysate, in atmosphere can complete oxidation higher than 440 DEG C.According to this characteristic of chemical fibre high molecular polymer, vacuum cleaning oven
First cleaning part is heated about 300 DEG C, make a fairly large number of high molecular polymer fusing on surface of the work be flowed into bottom waste material
In collecting tank, the most remaining a small amount of high molecular polymer in the aperture on screen plate 3.Open water-ring vacuum pump, now burner hearth
Inner chamber is negative pressure, and the sticking dust of band produced after vacuum cracking in burner hearth is pumped down in vaccum case, in vaccum case
Rustless steel electric heating tube is automatically controlled by temperature control system and is heated to 600 DEG C, opens intake valve simultaneously, is passed through sky in vaccum case
Gas, opens water intaking valve, in Water spray depurator spray water, make dust under aerobic state in vaccum case through 600 DEG C of high temperature
Burning, the ash of generation is through Water spray purification utensil, and the gas of generation is taken away by water-ring vacuum pump, through gas-water separation
Device discharges outdoor after separating.The ash that in stove, dust generates after vacuum pipe material-blockage preventing device burns is in spray cleaning device
Rustless steel Pall ring spray filtering after, then to vacuum pump, do not constitute the pollution to vacuum pump, it is ensured that water-ring vacuum pump
Normal use.When vacuum pump is opened, this electromagnetic valve and vacuum pump simultaneously electric, electromagnetic valve is in closure state.Work as vacuum pump
During closedown, this electromagnetic valve dead electricity simultaneously, and it is in opening, and it is now negative pressure in stove, stove outer air is entered rapidly by this valve
Enter in stove, make stove internal and external pressure balance, overcome the defect because the aqueous reflux in vacuum pump pipeline enters in stove during negative pressure in stove.Control
System processed uses three set temperature controllers and warning system to be controlled, it is achieved accurately temperature control and alarm and protection, it is achieved following functions:
(1) overtemperature alarm, and automatically cut off heating power supply.
(2) disconnected even warning, and automatically cut off heating power supply.
(3) circuit water alarm, and automatically cut off heating power supply.
(4) vacuum pump do not run or vacuum low spacing time, equipment alarm, cut off heating power supply simultaneously, protect.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
On the premise of present inventive concept, the conventional improvements and modifications made, these improvements and modifications each fall within present invention power
Within the scope of profit is claimed.
Claims (4)
1. the vacuum pipe of vacuum cleaning oven cleans a device, and this cleaning device includes pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum, spray dress
Putting and control system, wherein pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum contains vaccum case, water-ring vacuum pump and moisture trap, vacuum shell
Body is fixed on body of heater, vaccum case inner chamber equipped with rustless steel electric heating tube and four pieces of screen plates, vaccum case is also equipped with into
Air valve, screen plate is contained on rustless steel electric heating tube, and screen plate is provided with some apertures, one end of vaccum case and vacuum tube
One end is connected, it is characterised in that the other end of vaccum case assembles with fixing seat, and electric wire is connected on the rustless steel of vaccum case inner chamber
On the binding post of electric heating tube, and pass from through wires hole, be connected with control system, spray equipment include Water spray depurator and
Preventing return water device, the other end of vacuum tube is connected with the entrance of Water spray depurator, the outlet of Water spray depurator and water ring
The interface of formula vacuum pump is connected, and another interface of water-ring vacuum pump is connected with moisture trap, spray equipment and control system
It is connected.
The vacuum pipe of vacuum cleaning oven the most according to claim 1 cleans device, and preventing return water device is included in spray
The normal-closed electromagnetic valve installed in filling and manual intake valve, when vacuum pump is opened, this electromagnetic valve and vacuum pump simultaneously electric, electric
Magnet valve is in closure state;When vacuum pump is closed, this electromagnetic valve dead electricity simultaneously, and it is in opening, it is now negative in stove
Pressure, stove outer air quickly enters in stove by this valve, makes stove internal and external pressure balance.
The vacuum pipe of vacuum cleaning oven the most according to claim 1 and 2 cleans device, and set-up of control system is at switch board
In, switch board wiring enters lower outlet under using, and is provided with carbon steel mounting seat, the power current of switch board to body of heater bottom switch board
Cable, control cable need to lay wire casing protection, and in switch board, electrical equipment protection panel is installed, on switch board at main circuit connection
The low warning of hydraulic pressure, overtemperature alarm, coarse vacuum warning are set.
The vacuum pipe of vacuum cleaning oven the most according to claim 3 cleans device, and control system contains three set high accuracy
Digital display type programmable temperature control instrument, it is possible to automatically start the optimised process program parameter arranged and carry out PID regulation temperature control, the most a set of instrument
List procedure temperature control, a set of instrument interlock protection, another set of instrument individually controls pipeline blocking-preventing device for vacuum and connects with whole system
Lock, and realize following protection:
(1) overtemperature alarm, and automatically cut off heating power supply;
(2) disconnected even warning, and automatically cut off heating power supply;
(3) circuit water alarm, and automatically cut off heating power supply;
(4) vacuum pump do not run or vacuum low spacing time, equipment alarm, cut off heating power supply simultaneously, protect.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610712758.7A CN106283213B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | A kind of vacuum pipe cleaning device of vacuum cleaning oven |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610712758.7A CN106283213B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | A kind of vacuum pipe cleaning device of vacuum cleaning oven |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106283213A true CN106283213A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CN106283213B CN106283213B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
Family
ID=57615870
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610712758.7A Active CN106283213B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | A kind of vacuum pipe cleaning device of vacuum cleaning oven |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106283213B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107159649A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | Vacuum cleaner with exhaust-gas treatment |
CN107557883A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏金斗重工有限公司 | Environmental protection and energy saving vacuum cleaning oven |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5119395A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-06-02 | Gas Research Institute | Interlock feed-through and insulator arrangement for plasma arc industrial heat treat furnaces |
CN2752694Y (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-01-18 | 盐城化纤机械有限公司 | Vacuum pipe antiplugging device for vacuum cleaning furnace |
CN101182647A (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-21 | 盐城化纤机械有限公司 | Fine-denier filament spinneret ethanediol cleaner capable of automatically adding cleaning solution |
CN105617943A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-06-01 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | Large-volume vacuum cracking furnace |
CN105665322A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | TEG circulation cleaning device |
-
2016
- 2016-08-24 CN CN201610712758.7A patent/CN106283213B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5119395A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-06-02 | Gas Research Institute | Interlock feed-through and insulator arrangement for plasma arc industrial heat treat furnaces |
CN2752694Y (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-01-18 | 盐城化纤机械有限公司 | Vacuum pipe antiplugging device for vacuum cleaning furnace |
CN101182647A (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-21 | 盐城化纤机械有限公司 | Fine-denier filament spinneret ethanediol cleaner capable of automatically adding cleaning solution |
CN105617943A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-06-01 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | Large-volume vacuum cracking furnace |
CN105665322A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | TEG circulation cleaning device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
CHENGQIANG4321: "真空清洗炉控制系统及主要电气元件选型", 《百度文库》 * |
羊建高等: "《硬质合金》", 31 December 2012, 中南大学出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107159649A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | Vacuum cleaner with exhaust-gas treatment |
CN107557883A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏金斗重工有限公司 | Environmental protection and energy saving vacuum cleaning oven |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106283213B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106091689B (en) | A kind of vacuum incineration furnace apparatus and its working method | |
CN101812857B (en) | Air fresh water generator | |
CN104147874B (en) | Control method and control system for sack cleaner | |
KR100769110B1 (en) | methods and derice to remove dust and dust collector | |
CN102913967B (en) | Self-circulation lampblack purification smokeless equipment used for hot pot or barbecue | |
CN109848416A (en) | A kind of filtrating smoke dust and powder recovering device of metal precinct laser fusion | |
CN106283213A (en) | The vacuum pipe of a kind of vacuum cleaning oven cleans device | |
CN107913565A (en) | Apparatus for treating cooking fume and cooking system | |
CN206018761U (en) | A kind of domestic intelligent cleaning oil smoke suction clearing machine | |
CN201883470U (en) | Machine for generating fresh water by air | |
CN205641094U (en) | Clarifier is handled to oil smoke | |
CN208837614U (en) | A kind of dish frying device | |
CN207455753U (en) | A kind of environmental protection air filter | |
CN105729673B (en) | A kind of twin-tub cycle drying deodorizing device | |
CN211358163U (en) | Vacuum pipeline anti-blocking device | |
CN208543698U (en) | A kind of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate heat preservation solidification integrated reacting case | |
CN211215920U (en) | A coating cloud collection device for enameled wire workshop | |
CN208357187U (en) | Copper wire enameling machine baker | |
CN206724329U (en) | A kind of air filtration and purification apparatus based on mobile robot | |
CN207483883U (en) | The Clean- hot water storgae of auto parts machinery and anodic oxidation equipment | |
CN208454899U (en) | A kind of wax oil hydrogenation cracking unit fractionating column charging heating furnace | |
WO2020147523A1 (en) | Fume processing apparatus and intelligent frying machine | |
CN206478750U (en) | A kind of new blower fan | |
CN109717733A (en) | A kind of dish frying device | |
CN110579085A (en) | Animal blood cell protein centrifugal drying device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 224022, No. 29, Renmin Road, grand longitudinal Lake Town, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Patentee after: Jiangsu Xinlong Chemical Fiber Machinery Co., Ltd Address before: 224022, No. 29, Renmin Road, grand longitudinal Lake Town, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Patentee before: JIANGSU XINLONG CHEMICAL FIBER MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. |
|
CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |