CN106282912B - A kind of pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method of high intensity - Google Patents
A kind of pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method of high intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106282912B CN106282912B CN201610704479.6A CN201610704479A CN106282912B CN 106282912 B CN106282912 B CN 106282912B CN 201610704479 A CN201610704479 A CN 201610704479A CN 106282912 B CN106282912 B CN 106282912B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/30—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes using a layer of powder or paste on the surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method of high intensity.Steel plate blank surface blot and oxide are first removed, the steel plate blank surface cleared up is coated into aluminizing medium；Then steel plate blank is fixed on above stamping die, is heated up using heating arrangement of electric contact rapid classification, carry out surface classification aluminising and the austenitizing of steel plate blank；After the completion for the treatment of it, the heat stamping and shaping of steel plate blank is carried out in water cooling mold, is then demoulded and self tempering, room temperature is finally air-cooled to and obtains finished product.This method efficiently avoid the flow that conventional method light plate blank is transferred to from heating furnace on pressurizing mold, it has been greatly reduced the probability that the diffusion that ferrite occurs under hyperthermia radiation behavior present in transfer process and high temperature is mutually deformed into other tissues, energy-saving and environment-friendly purpose is reached while intensity after improving material shaping, the multilayer alloy-layer that surface of steel plate is formed also has stronger anticorrosive, antioxygenic property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing and manufacturing technology of high strength low-carbon martensite steel plate, more particularly to a kind of high intensity are pre-
Aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method.
Background technology
In recent years, as the high speed development of auto industry, common steel material can not meet the energy-saving and environmental protection of automobile
And demand for security.It is more and more in automobile body structure in order to further mitigate automobile component weight and improve security performance
Using the vehicle part made of the steel of high intensity and superhigh intensity, to meet the requirement of light weight and safety.Wherein, low-carbon geneva
Body steel has cheap advantage due to higher intensity and good plasticity, becomes the one of Hyundai Motor industry
The important structural material of kind.
In recent years, the application of the part of hot forming manufacture was more and more extensive.Chinese Shanghai masses are more in PASSATB6 etc.
In money vehicle, hot formed part occupies the 15% of whole body quality, is commonly used in A/B/C columns and reinforcing plate also has center
The places such as passage, bumper holder.At present in automobile structure manufacturing process, generally use press quenching technology is carried out a step and is added
Work formed high-strength low-carbon martensitic steels.Its component process treats complete Austria being heated to austenitizing temperature for steel plate blank
After family name's body, punch forming in a mold, then with the cooling of velocity interpolation material more than critical hardening speed, makes its microcosmic
Tissue is fully changed into martensitic structure to improve the intensity of material, and the method can realize that the shaping of material and cure operations exist
Completed in same step.But this method in actual production, it is necessary to which steel plate blank is quickly transferred to pressurization from heating furnace
On mould, there is accurately control to require to transfer process；There are hyperthermia radiation behavior and height during transfer at the same time
The diffusion that the lower ferrite of temperature occurs mutually is deformed into other tissues, so as to reduce the final martensitic structure content of material, causes
The intensity of material declines.
On the other hand, need to carry out for steel its surface coating Al-based coating during low-carbon martensite steel workpiece shaping
Material workpiece provides protective layer, avoids forming oxide skin in forming process and suppresses the corrosion of steel, so that in process
No longer need the prune job after inert protective atmosphere and shaping.However, in traditional press quenching technology, austenitizing step
Need to use slow firing rate in rapid, this not only needs the workshop of very big heat size and larger area, can also be
Slow heating process destroys the aluminium base protective coating of steel material surface, causes the peeling of the subregion of steel material after being molded
With heavy corrosion phenomenon.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome drawbacks described above, the present invention provides a kind of pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching of high intensity into
Type method, it is possible to achieve coat the low carbon martensite steel plate blank of aluminizing medium by realizing layering aluminising and Austria in being rapidly heated
Family name's body and punching course realize that thermoforming and quick cooling cause hardening.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, a kind of pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching of high intensity of the invention into
Type method, comprises the following steps：
A. steel plate blank surface blot and oxide are first removed.
B. the good steel plate blank surface of removing surface is coated into aluminizing medium, coated weight is 20 ~ 50g/m2。
C. the steel plate blank after coating is fixed on above stamping die, is then quickly divided using heating arrangement of electric contact
Level heating, carries out surface classification aluminising and the austenitizing of steel plate blank, has thinner crystal grain after austenitizing, up to grain size
9 ~ 10 grades can be reached；Obtained low carbon martensite steel plate surface forms multilayer plastic protective layer：Al2O3Layer-aluminum layer-FA-
129 plasticity ferroalloy parts, the alloy-layer have the characteristics that corrosion-resistant, plasticity is good and flawless.
D. after the completion for the treatment of aluminising and austenitizing, the heat stamping and shaping of steel plate blank is carried out in water cooling mold.
E. after heat stamping and shaping, water-filling cooling, cooling velocity >=30 DEG C/sec are carried out to water cooling mold.
F. when steel plate to be formed is cooled to 200 ~ 250 DEG C, demoulded and vacant carry out self tempering.
G. shaped steel plate is air-cooled to room temperature and obtains finished product.
Further, in above-mentioned steps b, aluminizing medium component is：+ 2 ~ 5 wt.% NH of 23 ~ 30 wt.% Al powder4Cl+ 62~
64wt.%Al2O3+ 1 ~ 3 wt.%NbZr powder of+3 ~ 5 wt.%AlSi powder.
Further, in above-mentioned steps c, surface classification aluminising and austenitizing are heated up using rapid classification, classification heating
Condition is：The first order：Firing rate is 50 ~ 100 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 650 ~ 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 ~ 5 minutes；The second level：Add
Thermal velocity is 100 ~ 200 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 850 ~ 950 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 ~ 10 minutes.
In above-mentioned steps d and e, low carbon martensite steel plate is carried out using press quenching technology to be molded-harden step progress.
On the one hand the method for the present invention can make the low carbon martensite steel plate blank of coating aluminizing medium exist compared with conventional method
The dual-use function of the aluminising of plate slab skin lamination and austenitizing, and side herein are realized during by making electrical contact with quick heating
The relatively fine grain that grain size is 9 ~ 10 grades can be obtained under method, improves the toughness of alloy, plate slab alitizing forms multilayer
Plasticity protective layer（Al2O3Layer-aluminum layer-FA-129 plasticity ferroalloy parts）, have corrosion-resistant, plasticity good and flawless etc.
Feature, has stronger anticorrosive, antioxygenic property.On the other hand it can realize that thermoforming and quick cooling cause in punching course
Hardening.This method efficiently avoid the flow that conventional method light plate blank is transferred to from heating furnace on pressurizing mold, also greatly
It is big reduce during the transfer there are hyperthermia radiation behavior and high temperature under the diffusion that occurs of ferrite be mutually deformed into other groups
The probability knitted, has also reached energy-saving and environment-friendly purpose while intensity after improving material shaping.
（1）：Multi-gradient aluminized coating：Aluminizing medium component is in this method：+ 2 ~ 5 wt.% of 23 ~ 30 wt.% Al powder
NH4Cl+ 62~64wt.%Al2O3+ 1 ~ 3 wt.%NbZr powders of+3 ~ 5 wt.%AlSi powder；Surface is classified aluminising and Ovshinsky
Bodyization is heated up using rapid classification, and classification Elevated Temperature Conditions are：The first order：Firing rate is 50 ~ 100 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is
650 ~ 700 DEG C, keep the temperature 3 ~ 5 minutes；The second level：Firing rate is 100 ~ 200 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 850 ~ 950 DEG C, insulation 3
~ 10 minutes.Chemical reaction as follows occurs during aluminising for its aluminizing medium：
NH4Cl→NH3+HCl （1）
HCl+Al→AlCl3+3H2 （2）
HCl+ Al2O3→AlCl3+H2O （3）
Al+O2→Al2O3 （4）
AlCl3+Fe→FeCl3+Al （5）
Fe+Si→Fe3Si （6）
Wherein, chemically react（1）~（3）Mainly occur in aluminising first order temperature-rise period, chemically react（5）（6）It is main
If occur during aluminising heats up the second level.
When temperature reaches the first stage, middle part of aluminizing medium divides Al powder, AlSi powder and NbZr powder to start in fusing, and
Internally permeated and spread by billet surface.Liquid Al is since with compared with low-density, in outermost layer, react (4), is applying
Coating outermost layer forms Al2O3The aluminum layer of layer and its cladding.
After AlSi powder dissolves, since the generation heat of Fe-Si is 83.7J/mol, and the generation of Fe-Al heat is 62.8J/
Mol, so in diffusion process, Si can take the lead in generating Fe-Si solid solution with Fe, it is suppressed that Al and Fe forms brittleness FeAl chemical combination
Thing.Meanwhile the coefficient of expansion of semiconductor silicon is between Fe and A1, and have larger solid solubility with A1, relax steel and aluminium due to
The difference of the coefficient of expansion and caused by stress concentration, the size of silicon atom is also between A1 and Fe, and A1 atoms are close, silicon atom
The grain boundaries that steel has a common boundary with aluminium can be distributed in, so that diffusing into one another between Fe and A1 is hindered, so that between suppressing FeAl metals
The growth of compound.
After NbZr powder dissolves, Nb and Zr can be spread to iron-based body, suppress the coarsening rate of austenite in steel plate blank, drop
The low grain size of material.Meanwhile part Zr can form FA-129 plasticity with the element such as Fe, B in matrix and remaining Al
Ferroalloy parts, so that steel plate has outside multilayer protection, also with good punch forming performance.
Then when temperature reaches second stage, above-mentioned steps are more rapidly performed by, and drastically increase alloy surface
Toughness, effectively avoid later stage punching press micro-crack.On the other hand, in heating second stage chemical reaction（5）It is quick to occur, steel billet
Reacting on surface（5）Under the action of formed one layer of Al billet surface is wrapped up, and formed densification Al2O3Protective layer, avoids rear
In phase forming process formed oxide skin and suppress steel corrosion so that no longer need in process inert protective atmosphere and
Prune job after shaping.
（2）：Crystal grain refinement：Heated up in austenitization using rapid classification, programming rate is respectively：50~100
DEG C/sec and 100 ~ 200 DEG C/sec.In rapid heating condition, growing up for austenite grain can be effectively avoided, realizes austenitizing
Have afterwards compared with little crystal grain, and less grain size is kept during follow-up press quenching.On the other hand, in the process of aluminising
In, part Nb suppresses Austenite Grain Growth, further reduces alloy grain size by diffusing into the surface of steel plate,
Final grain size can reach 9 ~ 10 grades.
（3）：Electricity Contact Heating mode：Mode of heating of the present invention is Electricity Contact Heating, this kind of mode can be real
Now it is rapidly heated and temperature control, and heating equipment is simple, can realize that plate slab quickly heats above stamping die, effectively
Ground avoids the flow that conventional method light plate blank is transferred to from heating furnace on pressurizing mold, is greatly reduced the mistake in transfer
The diffusion occurred in journey there are ferrite under hyperthermia radiation behavior and high temperature is mutually deformed into the probability of other tissues, is improving material
Intensity after material shaping has also reached energy-saving and environment-friendly purpose at the same time.
（4）：Press quenching：The press quenching that the present invention uses can realize that drop stamping is completed with one step of fast cooling, energy
It is enough to complete one step of two-step process being heat-treated after first punching press in traditional handicraft.
（5）：Self tempering：Self tempering is a kind of energy saving and simplification of flowsheet, is a kind of heat easy to mechanization, automation
Processing method.The present invention can either reach tempering effect using residual temperature progress self tempering after punching press and reach energy conservation and environmental protection again
Purpose.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
A. it is 22MnB5 steel plate blank surface blots and oxide first to remove the trade mark.
B. the good steel plate blank surface of removing surface is coated into aluminizing medium, aluminizing medium component is：23 wt.% Al powder+5
wt.% NH4Cl+ 64wt.%Al2O3+ 5wt.%AlSi powder+3wt.%NbZr powder, coated weight 20g/m2。
C. the steel plate dispensing after coating is fixed on above stamping die, is then quickly divided using heating arrangement of electric contact
Level heating, carries out surface classification aluminising and the austenitizing of steel plate blank.Being classified Elevated Temperature Conditions is：The first order：Firing rate is
50 DEG C/sec, heating-up temperature is 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes；The second level：Firing rate is 100 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 950 DEG C,
Insulation 10 minutes.
D. after the completion for the treatment of aluminising and austenitizing, the heat stamping and shaping of steel plate blank is carried out in water cooling mold.
E. after heat stamping and shaping, water-filling cooling, cooling velocity >=30 DEG C/sec are carried out to water cooling mold.
F. when steel plate to be formed is cooled to 200 DEG C, demoulded and vacant carry out self tempering.
G. shaped steel plate is air-cooled to room temperature and obtains finished product.
Embodiment 2：
A. it is 30MnB5 steel plate blank surface blots and oxide first to remove the trade mark.
B. the good steel plate blank surface of removing surface is coated into aluminizing medium, aluminizing medium component is：28wt.% Al powder+
4wt.% NH4Cl+ 63wt.%Al2O3+ 4wt.%AlSi powder+1wt.%NbZr powder, coated weight 50g/m2。
C. the steel plate dispensing after coating is fixed on above stamping die, is then quickly divided using heating arrangement of electric contact
Level heating, carries out surface classification aluminising and the austenitizing of steel plate blank.Being classified Elevated Temperature Conditions is：The first order：Firing rate is
100 DEG C/sec, heating-up temperature is 650 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 minutes；The second level：Firing rate is 200 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 850 DEG C,
Insulation 3 minutes.
D. after the completion for the treatment of aluminising and austenitizing, the heat stamping and shaping of steel plate blank is carried out in water cooling mold.
E. after heat stamping and shaping, water-filling cooling, cooling velocity >=30 DEG C/sec are carried out to water cooling mold.
F. when steel plate to be formed is cooled to 230 DEG C, demoulded and vacant carry out self tempering.
G. shaped steel plate is air-cooled to room temperature and obtains finished product.
Embodiment 3：
A. it is B1500HS steel plate blank surface blots and oxide first to remove the trade mark.
B. the good steel plate blank surface of removing surface is coated into aluminizing medium, aluminizing medium component is：30 wt.% Al powder+2
wt.% NH4Cl+ 62%Al2O3+ 3 wt.%NbZr powder of+3 wt.%AlSi powder, coated weight 35g/m2。
C. the steel plate dispensing after coating is fixed on above stamping die, is then quickly divided using heating arrangement of electric contact
Level heating, carries out surface classification aluminising and the austenitizing of steel plate blank.Being classified Elevated Temperature Conditions is：The first order：Firing rate is
80 DEG C/sec, heating-up temperature is 700 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 minutes；The second level：Firing rate is 150 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 900 DEG C,
Insulation 5 minutes.
D. after the completion for the treatment of aluminising and austenitizing, the heat stamping and shaping of steel plate blank is carried out in water cooling mold.
E. after heat stamping and shaping, water-filling cooling, cooling velocity >=30 DEG C/sec are carried out to water cooling mold.
F. when steel plate to be formed is cooled to 250 DEG C, demoulded and vacant carry out self tempering.
G. shaped steel plate is air-cooled to room temperature and obtains finished product.
Table 1 below contrasts for finished product of the present invention and existing method end properties：
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method of high intensity, it is characterised in that：Step is as follows：A. steel plate blank surface blot and oxide are first removed；B. the good steel plate blank surface of removing surface is coated into aluminizing medium, coated weight is 20 ~ 50g/m2；C. the steel plate blank after coating is fixed on above stamping die, then uses heating arrangement of electric contact rapid classification liter Temperature, carries out surface classification aluminising and the austenitizing of steel plate blank；D. after the completion for the treatment of aluminising and austenitizing, the heat stamping and shaping of steel plate blank is carried out in water cooling mold；E. after heat stamping and shaping, water-filling cooling, cooling velocity >=30 DEG C/sec are carried out to water cooling mold；F. when steel plate to be formed is cooled to 200 ~ 250 DEG C, demoulded and vacant carry out self tempering；G. shaped steel plate is air-cooled to room temperature and obtains finished product.
- 2. the pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method of a kind of high intensity according to claim 1, it is special Sign is：The aluminizing medium component is：+ 2 ~ 5 wt.% NH of 23 ~ 30 wt.% Al powder4Cl+ 62~64wt.%Al2O3+3~5 + 1 ~ 3 wt.%NbZr powder of wt.%AlSi powder.
- 3. the pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method of a kind of high intensity according to claim 2, it is special Sign is：It is described classification Elevated Temperature Conditions be：The first order：Firing rate is 50 ~ 100 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 650 ~ 700 DEG C, is protected Temperature 3 ~ 5 minutes；The second level：Firing rate is 100 ~ 200 DEG C/sec, and heating-up temperature is 850 ~ 950 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 ~ 10 minutes.
- 4. the pre- aluminising low carbon martensite steel plate press quenching forming method of a kind of high intensity according to claim 3, it is special Sign is：After step c processing, low carbon martensite steel plate surface forms multilayer plastic protective layer：Al2O3Layer-aluminum layer-FA-129 Plasticity ferroalloy parts.
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| CN108588612B (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2019-09-20 | 育材堂（苏州）材料科技有限公司 | Hot press-formed component, hot press-formed pre- coating steel plate and hot press-formed technique |
| CN109881196B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-05-04 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Main steam pipeline with inner wall anti-oxidation coating and preparation method thereof |
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| US6312529B1 (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2001-11-06 | The Timken Company | Steel compositions and methods of processing for producing cold-formed and carburized components with fine-grained microstructures |
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| JP6010730B2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2016-10-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | High-strength molded article by high ductility die quench and method for producing the same |
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| US6312529B1 (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2001-11-06 | The Timken Company | Steel compositions and methods of processing for producing cold-formed and carburized components with fine-grained microstructures |
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| CN103952653B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2016-06-01 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司 | Hot press-formed steel resistance to high temperature oxidation coating material and hot dipping ferryman's skill |
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