CN106271383A - A kind of ultrasonic impact and light decorations are utilized to combine the method improving metal part surface performance - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic impact and light decorations are utilized to combine the method improving metal part surface performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106271383A CN106271383A CN201510257539.XA CN201510257539A CN106271383A CN 106271383 A CN106271383 A CN 106271383A CN 201510257539 A CN201510257539 A CN 201510257539A CN 106271383 A CN106271383 A CN 106271383A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P13/00—Making metal objects by operations essentially involving machining but not covered by a single other subclass
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- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses and a kind of utilize ultrasonic impact and light decorations to combine the method improving metal part surface performance, ultrasonic impact gun is utilized workpiece to carry out surface impacts process and forms folded shape defect, carry out decorated processing again, workpiece, abrasive material and compound are placed in the container of light polishing machine, rely on the periodic vibration of container, make workpiece and abrasive material motion mutual grinding reach to process the purpose of workpiece.The size of surface of the work tiny flaw after so processing mode can effectively reduce impact, reduces the surface roughness of material after being hit, thus the surface of improving material anticorrosive can property, fatigue behaviour and anti-dynamic loading ability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material processing field, more particularly, relate to one and utilize ultrasonic impact and light decorations to combine
The method improving metal parts ultrasonic implement treatment rear surface performance (such as roughness, fatigue strength).
Background technology
The principle of ultrasonic impact is that supersonic vibration generator drives striker pin to produce mechanical vibration, striker pin fast ram workpiece
Surface, causes surface of the work to be strengthened and is deformed, thus reaches the residual pressure making metal surface produce certain depth
Stressor layers, makes the intensity of metal parts, corrosion resistance and fatigue life be improved significantly.Ultrasonic implement treatment can make work
The surface roughness of part changes.Because during ultrasonic impact, striker pin is constantly clashed into specimen surface and is contacted,
The cutter trade leaving shock treatment instead of the original surface roughness of workpiece, has bright to the initial surface roughness of workpiece
Aobvious impact.Generally after shock treatment, the relatively low requirement that can not reach to use of the roughness of workpiece.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, based on ultrasonic implement treatment method, it is provided that a kind of utilization
Ultrasonic impact and light decorations combine, and to improve metal parts ultrasonic implement treatment rear surface performance (such as roughness, tired strong
Degree) method.
The technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A kind of ultrasonic impact and light decorations are utilized to combine the method improving metal parts ultrasonic implement treatment rear surface performance,
Carry out as steps described below:
Step 1, uses machining process process and control the surface roughness of workpiece, so that its surface roughness Ra ＜
1.6 μm, described machining process is milling or mill；
Step 2, utilizes ultrasonic impact gun that the workpiece after processing is carried out surface impacts process；
Step 3, needs deburring and the workpiece of polishing and polishing chip, water, grinding agent to prepare and put container into after ultrasonic impact
In carry out light decorations process, i.e. rely on the regular vibration of container, make workpiece and polishing chip produce relative motion, phase mutual friction,
The burr protruding from surface of the work and periphery is ground off, and makes sharp edge rounding and surface finish process.
In the inventive solutions, described ultrasonic implement treatment refers to utilize ultrasonic impact gun to enter the workpiece after processing
Row surface impacts processes.Require to use tooling fixture to be fixed on operating board by workpiece, ultrasonic impact gun is fixed on automatically
On running gear.Control ultrasonic by controlling the speed of travel of ultrasonic impact gun, in the ranks side-play amount, amplitude, frequency etc.
The effect of impact.After ultrasonic impact, surface of the work easily there arises a problem that the initial surface roughness of workpiece can affect ultrasonic
The size of surface of the work " folded shape " defect after impact.Fig. 1 is that surface of the work forms folded shape defect after ultrasonic impact.I.e. work
The initial surface roughness of part is the biggest, and after impact, the size of defect is the biggest.If workpiece initial surface roughness is less, punching
The flaw size formed after hitting also can be relatively small.This is that the mode formed due to folded shape defect is determined, Fig. 2 is folded
Shape defect forms schematic diagram, i.e. ultrasonic impact and processes the ultrasonic impact of surface of the work, so that surface of the work produces plasticity shape
Become.
Under this problem, the processing first carrying out workpiece before ultrasonic impact prepares, and uses the method for machining to add
The initial surface roughness of industry control workpiece, with " folding shape " defect of surface of the work after reducing ultrasonic implement treatment." folded
Shape " defect is the fine crack formed due to the surface plastic deformation of workpiece in impact process, thus shortens making of workpiece
Use the life-span.Secondly after ultrasonic impact, carry out the light decorations of workpiece, utilize light decorations that material surface is processed, make workpiece
Produce relative motion, phase mutual friction with polishing chip, the burr protruding from surface of the work and periphery is ground off, and make sharp edge fall
Circle and surface finish process, and remove the folded shape defect that ultrasonic impact brings simultaneously.Require during ultrasonic impact that workpiece is fixing to be installed
On operating board, 4 fixtures are at least used to fix workpiece to guarantee that workpiece rests on original position during ultrasonic impact.
If using single needle to carry out ultrasonic impact, the diameter r >=3mm of syringe needle, if using many pricking with needle to carry out ultrasonic impact, needle diameter
R ＜ 3mm.It is to ensure that the volumetric ratio of the best light decorations effect and efficiency, abrasive material and workpiece should when vibration finishing processes
Control at 3:(1 2).The excessive then production efficiency of ratio is low, ratio too small then light decorations weak effect.
The present invention processes on the surface carrying out material, and after effectively reducing impact in molding and orthopaedic procedures, surface of the work is micro-
The size of little defect, reduces the surface roughness of material after being hit, thus the surface of improving material anticorrosive can property, tired
Labor performance and anti-dynamic loading ability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of the folded shape defect that workpiece is formed after ultrasonic impact effect.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that folded shape defect is formed, and wherein 1 is striker pin；2 is workpiece；3 is that workpiece surface appearance is bent
Rate radius ρ；4 is plastic deformation difference in height Δ h；5 is folded shape defect.
Detailed description of the invention
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Under embodiment 1 same ultrasonic implement treatment parameter, different initial surface roughness are to metal watch after ultrasonic implement treatment
The impact of surface roughness
DH36 steel (DH36 chemical composition such as table 1) utilizes machining (milling machine) to become 4 different roughness, numbering
For A, B, C, D.Wherein being sequentially reduced by A to D roughness, be A the most coarse, D is the most smooth.These four table
The workpiece of surface roughness is all through same ultrasonic impact PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, shown in ultrasonic impact design parameter table 2.Through super
Workpiece after acoustic shock also will be through the processing of vibrating burnisher to go flash removed to reduce roughness, and vibration finishing exists
Carry out on LMP60 type vibrating burnisher, load piece count every time be not more than 10, abrasive material be corundum (oblique triangle,
120 °), mill liquid model is LM10, and frequency of vibration is 2800/min, and time of vibration is 1.5～2 hours.Workpiece former
The roughness metric of surface of the works and thick after vibration finishing after the measured value of beginning roughness and supersound process 2 times
Rugosity value is as shown in table 3.In table, A0, B0, C0, D0 represent that untreated work-piece, A2, B2, C2, D2 represent work
Part is workpiece after 2 ultrasonic impacts, and Az, Bz, Cz, Dz represent workpiece after vibration finishing.From table 3 it can be seen that
After this series of processing, the surface roughness of workpiece is more and more less and tends towards stability, and roughness value raising even connects
Nearly 10 times.Generally under same operating mode, the fatigue life of workpiece is directly proportional to roughness, i.e. roughness the least fatigue life
The longest.This set of course of processing can extend the service life of workpiece effectively.Workpiece after processing carries out fatigue testing specimen, real
Test result as shown in table 4.By fatigue test results it can be seen that owing to original workpiece surface roughness is relatively big, surface lacks
Falling into more causes fatigue life the shortest.But after ultrasonic implement treatment, along with the reduction of roughness, fatigue life has
Significant raising, relatively original workpiece improves at least 20 times fatigue life.After processing through vibration finishing, the tired longevity
Ordering owing to the reduction of roughness continues to raise, the workpiece after relatively ultrasonic impact improves nearly 2 times fatigue life.
Table 1 DH36 chemical composition (%)
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | V | Ti | Al |
| 0.130 | 0.180 | 1.400 | ＜ 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.019 | 0.049 | 0.012 | 0.026 |
Table 2 ultrasonic impact technological parameter
| Shock zone (mm) | Striker pin radius (mm) | Amplitude (μm) | Impact velocity (mm/s) | Number of shocks |
| 40×40 | 5 | 25 | 20 | 2 |
Table 3 different workpieces roughness value
| Ra(μm) | Rz(μm) | |
| A0 | 17.54 | 88.05 |
| A2 | 5.13 | 41.18 |
| Az | 1.34 | 20.09 |
| B0 | 16.34 | 68.36 |
| B2 | 3.01 | 31.35 |
| Bz | 1.12 | 18.74 |
| C0 | 7.86 | 43.05 |
| C2 | 3.26 | 13.40 |
| Cz | 0.94 | 8.79 |
| D0 | 0.97 | 18.42 |
| D2 | 0.95 | 8.57 |
| Dz | 0.16 | 1.77 |
The fatigue life of table 4 different workpieces
| Original workpiece | UIT | UIT+ vibration finishing | |
| Workpiece A | 143399 | 2400054 | 5021145 |
| Workpiece B | 234354 | 3036202 | 5341007 |
| Workpiece C | 434426 | 4054324 | 5314405 |
| Workpiece D | 532401 | 4201504 | 5537508 |
Note: UIT is ultrasonic implement treatment
Metal surface after different ultrasonic implement treatment parameter processing is used under the original surface roughness of the same metal of embodiment 2
The difference of roughness
Same coarse DH36 steel is carried out ultrasonic impact, and the number of times of impact is 1 to 4 time (other impact parameters such as table 2),
Carrying out vibration finishing processing after impact, the roughness value after processing is as shown in table 5.Fatigue test results is as shown in table 6.
Can show that the workpiece of same roughness is at different impact treatment process and vibration finishing in conjunction with roughness and fatigue test
After reason, significant raising, present invention innovation has been had fatigue life to have remarkable result for coarse reduction.
Table 5 workpiece roughness value
| Ra(μm) | Rz(μm) | |
| A0 | 17.54 | 88.05 |
| A1 | 12.94 | 50.86 |
| A2 | 5.13 | 41.18 |
| A3 | 2.91 | 28.77 |
| A4 | 2.09 | 20.72 |
| Az | 1.08 | 12.03 |
Table 6 workpiece fatigue strength
Roughness measures: uses S neox contactless high-performance optical contourgraph to measure surface of the work, obtains surface of the work
Three-D profile.Copolymerization Jiao's image contour technology and optical interferometry technology are combined in one by S neox does not has any movement
The detection size (SensorHead) of parts, it is possible to measure grade reliably, accurately to Subnano-class yardstick sample surfaces
Through being drawn the surface roughness of workpiece by computed in software after pattern details.Measuring position size is 1.67x 1.25mm2, survey
The amount degree of depth is 160 μm, and eyepiece size is 20X.
Above the present invention is done exemplary description, it should explanation, in the case of without departing from the core of the present invention,
Any simple deformation, amendment or other those skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent of creative work all to fall
Enter protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. utilize ultrasonic impact and light to adorn the method improving metal parts ultrasonic implement treatment rear surface performance that combines,
It is characterized in that, carry out as steps described below:
Step 1, uses machining process process and control the surface roughness of workpiece, so that its surface roughness Ra ＜
1.6 μm, described machining process is milling or mill；
Step 2, utilizes ultrasonic impact gun that the workpiece after processing is carried out surface impacts process；
Step 3, needs deburring and the workpiece of polishing and polishing chip, water, grinding agent to prepare and put container into after ultrasonic impact
In carry out light decorations process, i.e. rely on the regular vibration of container, make workpiece and polishing chip generation relative motion phase mutual friction.
One the most according to claim 1 utilizes ultrasonic impact and light decorations to combine and improve metal parts ultrasonic impact
The method processing rear surface performance, it is characterised in that in the light decorations of step 3 process, protruding from surface of the work and week
The burr on limit grinds off, and makes sharp edge rounding and surface finish process, and removes the folded shape defect that ultrasonic impact brings simultaneously.
3. utilizing ultrasonic impact and light decorations to combine according to the one described in claims 1 or 2, to improve metal parts ultrasonic
The method of shock treatment rear surface performance, it is characterised in that carry out light decorations process time, abrasive material select corundum, abrasive material and
The volumetric ratio of workpiece is 3:(1 2).
4. utilizing ultrasonic impact and light decorations to combine according to the one described in claims 1 or 2, to improve metal parts ultrasonic
The method of shock treatment rear surface performance, it is characterised in that when using single ultrasonic impact pin to carry out ultrasonic impact, ultrasonic
Diameter r >=the 3mm of striker pin syringe needle, if use multiple rows of ultrasonic impact pin to carry out ultrasonic impact, ultrasonic impact pin syringe needle is straight
Footpath r ＜ 3mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107460302A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-12 | 合肥正明机械有限公司 | A kind of processing method for improving weldment fatigue life |
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