CN106271156B - A kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking - Google Patents
A kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN106271156B CN106271156B CN201610760199.7A CN201610760199A CN106271156B CN 106271156 B CN106271156 B CN 106271156B CN 201610760199 A CN201610760199 A CN 201610760199A CN 106271156 B CN106271156 B CN 106271156B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to welding technology fields, a kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking, the overlaying method includes welding pre-treatment and welding process, the welding pre-treatment includes carrying out entirety to tube sheet to be preheated to tube sheet heat penetration, the periphery of the overlaying surface of the tube sheet has flange, flange is in Zone R with overlaying surface junction, and the welding process includes the Zone R welding process successively implemented and Zone R with exterior domain welding process.The present invention is first to Zone R welding, take full advantage of the prior preheating of tube sheet, thoroughly solve the problems, such as that tube sheet Zone R built-up welding is also easy to produce crackle, improve product quality, then again to Zone R with exterior domain welding during, only before welding first layer non-welding zone domain when have temperature requirement, remaining later layer of first layer is all not necessarily to continue to preheat tube sheet, the preheating temperature of first layer had both been utilized the prior preheating temperature of tube sheet and has also utilized weld preheating of the welding heat of every one of weld seam to lower road weld seam, greatly reduced energy consumption in this way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding technology fields, more particularly to the tube sheet with Zone R overlaying method.
Background technology
In boiler accessory machinery and all kinds of heat exchangers in petrochemical products, there are tube sheet built-up welding, due to tube sheet overlay cladding will with change
Heat pipe is welded, so the quality requirement of overlay cladding is high, and built-up welding thickness is thicker, typically no less than 6mm.For tube sheet heap
Weldering mainly uses strip surfacing at present, and when built-up welding by the way of multiple-bead deposit, each layer heap weldering sequence is：It is past from outmost turns
By road built-up welding, heap is soldered after one layer lower layer of built-up welding again at center.Since tube plate thickness is big, and material be Mn-Mo steel or steel alloy,
It is inclined to higher cold crack, therefore needs to preheat higher temperature before built-up welding, because of tube plate thickness and sufficiently bulky, preheating
Rapid heat dissipation in the process to ensure that temperature can reach requirement in weld deposit process is added to tube sheet before welding by the way of at present
Heat is to entire tube sheet heat penetration, again in tube sheet bottom local heating in weld deposit process.Band is carried out using existing this built-up welding mode
When flanged pipe sheetpile welds, usually in tube sheet Zone R（That is flange and overlaying surface delivery position）It cracks.The reason is that due to built-up welding
Complete one layer needs longer time, and welding heat source therefore leads to tube sheet edge also far from tube sheet edge when being soldered first layer
Temperature reduces, and the local preheating of tube sheet bottom is not easy to ensure the preheating temperature in built-up welding region, welds in this case, although
Do not cracked with the welding of the overlay cladding of last layer, but with the welding of the base material of Zone R, since preheating temperature is not enough then easy to produce
Raw crackle.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, before one layer, continued to concentrate preheating to tube sheet, make under built-up welding by the way of at present
The base material of Zone R reaches higher temperature, avoids the appearance of weld crack.But the preheating time grown is needed very much when preheating, and every
One layer all preheats, and not only energy consumption is more, but also greatly increases the production cycle, meanwhile, can also exist because pre-heat effect is undesirable
And the problem of cracking.
Invention content
For current tube sheet overlaying method, that there is only energy consumptions is more, the production cycle is long, and tube sheet Zone R easily occur it is cold
The problem of crackle, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of tube sheet overlaying methods of pre- Anti-cracking, pass through improvement
Technique can effectively reduce preheating time, to reduce in manufacturing process while fundamentally solving tube sheet Zone R crack problem
Energy consumption, shorten life cycle of the product.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking, it is described
Overlaying method include welding pre-treatment and welding process, the welding pre-treatment includes carrying out whole being preheated to pipe to tube sheet
Plate heat penetration, it is in Zone R, the welding process with overlaying surface junction that the periphery of the overlaying surface of the tube sheet, which has flange, flange,
The Zone R welding process and Zone R implemented including priority are with exterior domain welding process；
The Zone R welding process includes the following steps：
A1, total number of plies that required built-up welding is calculated according to built-up welding thickness gauge are L layers, Zone R first layer are first welded, in the flange
First of welding bead of boxing first layer between inside and overlaying surface, and then first of welding bead is to behind tube sheet center successively boxing
Continuous welding bead finally forms the roads N welding bead, the N >=L, L >=2 in first layer, and N, L are natural number；
A2, the built-up welding successively on Zone R first layer layer finally form L layers of layer, wherein every altogether in Zone R overlaying surface
In one layer of layer, first of welding bead is the boxing between the inside of flange and preceding layer layer, and subsequent welding bead is immediately
First of welding bead to tube sheet center successively boxing, and the quantity of each layer of welding bead is respectively less than the quantity of preceding layer welding bead；
The Zone R is included the following steps with exterior domain welding process：
B1 welds non-welding zone domain in first layer layer, and and then last one of welding bead of first layer continues to pipe in step A1
Plate center welding successively, until tube sheet overlaying surface is by all standing；
B2 is sequentially completed the built-up welding in non-welding zone domain in remaining layer on first layer；Wherein, it is immediately in each layer
It every layer in step A2 of last one of welding bead to continue to tube sheet center successively welding, until preceding layer layer is by all standing
Only.
To ensure that welding effect is preferable, welds in pre-treatment, after carrying out whole preheating to the tube sheet of different base materials, ensure pipe
The temperature that each position of plate measures is not less than the base material+10 DEG C of preheating temperature specified in technical papers.
It should be noted, during Zone R welding, should ensure that welding is carried out continuously, in case preheating temperature reduces, if stopping for some reason
It only welds, when welding next time, whether the temperature that need to detect region to be welded reaches technological requirement, if not up to, needing again pre-
Heat is welded again after reaching requirement.
It should be noted that, in step bl is determined, welding should be carried out continuously, and the heat of preceding one of welding bead is made to play rear one of welding bead
To pre- heat effect, if stopping welding for some reason, when welding next time, whether the temperature that need to equally detect region to be welded reaches technique and wants
It asks, if not up to, needing to preheat again, being welded again after reaching requirement.
Further, during Zone R welding, the N=L, the quantity of each layer of welding bead is than the number of preceding layer welding bead
Amount is few together.
Further, the 2≤N=L≤5.
Further, N=L=3.
Further, during Zone R is with exterior domain welding, in step B2, nothing in the case of environment temperature >=20 DEG C
It needs to preheat, needs to preheat if 20 DEG C of ＜, is i.e. needs to ensure environment temperature >=20 DEG C in step B2.This temperature is easier to ensure, as long as
Environment temperature is not less than 20 DEG C when welding, then is not necessarily to preheat tube sheet.
The minimum pre- of tube sheet cold crack generation can be prevented by needing to ensure that the temperature at welding is more than in described step A1, A2 and B1
Hot temperature, cracks to avoid between tube-sheet flange and built-up welding.
Due to be welded with tube sheet base material, so needing prior pre- heat penetration tube sheet that Zone R base material is made to reach welding requirement temperature.
Existing technology is that welding later layer layer is completed since the weld time of preceding layer is longer again after the complete one layer of layer of welding
Afterwards, welding requirement temperature has been not achieved in the flange base material of Zone R, it is therefore desirable to continue to concentrate preheating to tube sheet, make Zone R base material temperature
Raising continues to weld next layer after reaching requirement, so leading to that energy consumption is more and the production cycle is long.And the present invention is first to Zone R
Welding, since the road number of every layer of boxing is less, and the progressive reduction of number of weld passes of each layer, therefore welding process is very fast, due to Zone R heap
Weldering is very fast, so the tube sheet temperature for the intermediate region that do not weld not yet reduces, and then the roads N are opened from the first layer welded in this way
To the complete remaining region of tube sheet center weld, and together per built-up welding, welding heat all has weld preheating together to lower in the roads Shi Zhu
Effect, therefore can not have in the case of continuous welding can guarantee welding temperature to the preheating of tube sheet intermediate region, in this way may be used
It prevents from cracking when the built-up welding of first layer intermediate region.Finally again to the remaining area welding of remaining layer, due to built-up welding at this time
All it is to be carried out on overlay cladding before, is not welded mutually with base material, is split since overlay cladding is not easy to produce under not preheating condition
Line, so after completing step A1, A2 and B1, subsequent welding will not be contacted with base material, be heated without continuing, therefore drop significantly
Low energy consumption, shortens the production cycle.It is welded with base material simultaneously as prior preheating and the mode continuously welded ensure that
The temperature of the Zone R and first layer built-up welding that connect, to effectively prevent the generation of crackle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention not only thoroughly solves the problems, such as that tube sheet Zone R built-up welding is also easy to produce crackle, and
And in addition to Zone R and first layer welding, it is all not necessarily to preheating before remainder layer weldering, greatly reduces energy consumption, shortens production week
Phase improves product quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of tube-sheet flange and overlaying surface；
Fig. 2 is the vertical view after the completion of tube sheet built-up welding；
In figure label for：1- overlaying surfaces, 2- flanges, the areas 3-R.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to
This.
By taking certain high-pressure heater tube sheet as an example, height plus tube sheet material are IV forging of 20MnMoNb.Because of IV forging of 20MnMoNb
It is inclined to very high cold crack, weld crack is extremely easy tod produce when preheating not in place.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this implementation
In mode, design requirement built-up welding 7mm is thick, is computed, needs three layers of built-up welding using strip surfacing.
A kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking, including welding pre-treatment and welding process.
Weld pre-treatment：
Entirety is carried out to tube sheet and is preheated to 150-200 DEG C, and tube sheet heat penetration；
By tube sheet assembly on built-up welding turntable.
Welding process：The welding process includes the Zone R welding process successively implemented and Zone R with exterior domain welding
Journey；
The Zone R welding process includes the following steps：
A1, weldering Zone R first layer, first of welding bead of boxing first layer between the inside and overlaying surface of the flange, tightly
Then first of welding bead finally forms three to the follow-up second in tube sheet center successively boxing and third road welding bead in first layer
Welding bead；
A2, the built-up welding second layer on Zone R first layer layer, wherein first of welding bead of the second layer is in the inside of flange
The boxing between first layer layer, second and then first of boxing finally form twice welding bead in the second layer；In the second layer
Built-up welding third layer on layer, third layer only have one of welding bead, are the boxing between the inside of flange and second layer layer.
The Zone R is included the following steps with exterior domain welding process：
B1 welds non-welding zone domain in first layer layer, and and then the third road welding bead of first layer continues to tube sheet in step A1
Center boxing successively uses straight way mode instead and continues the layer being soldered when the layer does not weld regional diameter substantially 300mm；
B2, the built-up welding second layer above the first layer of completion, and then the second welding bead of the second layer continues in step A2
To tube sheet center successively boxing, when the layer does not weld regional diameter substantially 300mm, uses straight way mode instead and continue to weld this layer
It is complete；The built-up welding third layer above the second layer of completion, and then first of welding bead of third layer continues into tube sheet in step A2
Heart boxing successively uses straight way mode instead and continues the layer being soldered when the layer does not weld regional diameter substantially 300mm.
It should be noted, need to ensure environment temperature >=20 DEG C in step B2.
Compared with prior art, when welding pre-treatment the tube sheet that preheats can guarantee later Zone R and step B1 welding processes
In, the flange base material of Zone R and the base material temperature in tube sheet centre position are maintained at the temperature of welding process requirement or more, it is therefore prevented that because
The case where preheating generation weld crack not in place.In the second layer and third layer built-up welding, due to built-up welding discord base material contact（Only with
Overlay cladding contacts）, there is no need to preheat again, broken the original whole pattern for requiring preheating.The present invention thoroughly solves Zone R and splits
Line problem, and the preheating of the second layer and third layer in addition to Zone R is eliminated, energy consumption is reduced, the production cycle is substantially reduced.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking, the overlaying method includes welding pre-treatment and welding process, described
Welding pre-treatment includes carrying out entirety to tube sheet to be preheated to tube sheet heat penetration, and the periphery of the overlaying surface of the tube sheet has flange, convex
Edge is in Zone R with overlaying surface junction, it is characterised in that：The welding process includes the Zone R welding process successively implemented and Zone R
With exterior domain welding process；
The Zone R welding process includes the following steps：
A1, total number of plies that required built-up welding is calculated according to built-up welding thickness gauge are L layers, Zone R first layer are first welded, in the inside of the flange
First of welding bead of boxing first layer between overlaying surface, and then first of welding bead subsequently welded to tube sheet center successively boxing
Road finally forms the roads N welding bead, the N >=L, L >=2 in first layer, and N, L are natural number；
A2, the built-up welding successively on Zone R first layer layer finally form L layers of layer, wherein in each layer altogether in Zone R overlaying surface
In layer, first of welding bead is the boxing between the inside of flange and preceding layer layer, and subsequent welding bead is and then should
First of welding bead is to tube sheet center successively boxing, and the quantity of each layer of welding bead is respectively less than the quantity of preceding layer welding bead；
The Zone R is included the following steps with exterior domain welding process：
B1 welds non-welding zone domain in first layer layer, and and then last one of welding bead of first layer continues into tube sheet in step A1
Heart welding successively, until tube sheet overlaying surface is by all standing；
B2 is sequentially completed the built-up welding in non-welding zone domain in remaining layer on first layer；Wherein, it is and then to walk in each layer
Every layer of last one of welding bead continues to tube sheet center successively welding in rapid A2, until preceding layer layer is by all standing.
2. a kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During Zone R welding,
The quantity of the N=L, each layer of welding bead are one fewer than the quantity of preceding layer welding bead.
3. a kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：2≤the N=L≤5.
4. a kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：N=L=3.
5. a kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：In R
During area is with exterior domain welding, in step B2, without preheating in the case of environment temperature >=20 DEG C.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610760199.7A CN106271156B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking |
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| CN201610760199.7A CN106271156B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of tube sheet overlaying method of Anti-cracking |
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| CN106271156A CN106271156A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
| CN106271156B true CN106271156B (en) | 2018-08-10 |
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| JP6934035B2 (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-09-08 | 株式会社クボタ | Method of forming the insertion port protrusion |
| CN111230417A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-05 | 湖北理工学院 | Welding process for nodular cast iron pipe flange pipe |
| CN111390339B (en) * | 2020-04-04 | 2021-10-29 | 天津津滨石化设备有限公司 | Welding process of high-purity ferrite stainless steel heat exchanger |
| CN114799416A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 南京迪威尔高端制造股份有限公司 | Blind hole surfacing method for underwater Christmas tree flat piece |
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| US4267428A (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-05-12 | Kennedy George S | Contoured welding rod |
| JPS58202989A (en) * | 1982-05-20 | 1983-11-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Welding method of pipe and pipe plate |
| CN102581435A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-07-18 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Welding process for low-alloy steel pipe sheet in subcooling zone of high-pressure heater |
| JP2013230476A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-11-14 | Miura Co Ltd | Method of sealing tube plate and heat transfer tube of heat exchanger and heat exchanger |
| CN103894838A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-07-02 | 宁夏宝塔石化科技实业发展有限公司 | Machining method of heat exchanger tube plate build-up welding |
| CN103934544A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-23 | 沈阳大学 | Method for preventing overlaying sealing surface from cracking |
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2016
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4267428A (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-05-12 | Kennedy George S | Contoured welding rod |
| JPS58202989A (en) * | 1982-05-20 | 1983-11-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Welding method of pipe and pipe plate |
| CN102581435A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-07-18 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Welding process for low-alloy steel pipe sheet in subcooling zone of high-pressure heater |
| JP2013230476A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-11-14 | Miura Co Ltd | Method of sealing tube plate and heat transfer tube of heat exchanger and heat exchanger |
| CN103894838A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-07-02 | 宁夏宝塔石化科技实业发展有限公司 | Machining method of heat exchanger tube plate build-up welding |
| CN103934544A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-23 | 沈阳大学 | Method for preventing overlaying sealing surface from cracking |
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