CN106270678B - The method for milling and milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle - Google Patents

The method for milling and milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106270678B
CN106270678B CN201510244202.5A CN201510244202A CN106270678B CN 106270678 B CN106270678 B CN 106270678B CN 201510244202 A CN201510244202 A CN 201510244202A CN 106270678 B CN106270678 B CN 106270678B
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connecting rod
rod neck
axis
milling
drive shaft
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CN106270678A (en
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陈平信
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Siemens Factory Automation Engineering Ltd
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Siemens Factory Automation Engineering Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/06Milling crankshafts

Abstract

The method for milling and milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, the method for milling are included in the built-in coordinate system of plane perpendicular to trunnion (12) axle center;Measure trunnion neck to edge same X-axis coordinate position two Y-axis coordinates, to calculate the Y-axis coordinate yc in trunnion axle center;Gauge head (20) is placed in Y-axis coordinate yc, the rotational coordinates angle of drive shaft is α when connecting rod neck (14) rotates clockwise touching gauge head, the rotational coordinates angle of drive shaft is β when connecting rod neck rotates counterclockwise touching gauge head, calculates the machining benchmark angle of connecting rod neck;Cutter (30) is placed in yc positions, control drive shaft goes to machining benchmark angle, θ;Connecting rod neck axis is set at yc positions to process original position, according to the drive shaft anglec of rotation, control cutter makes the contact point of cutter and connecting rod neck to the vertical line paralleled by X axis in axle center in the position of X-axis and Y-axis, and milling connecting rod neck.The processing method can be quickly and accurately positioned the machining benchmark coordinate of connecting rod neck.

Description

The method for milling and milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle
Technical field
The present invention relates to the milling technology field of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, more particularly to the method for milling of the connecting rod neck of bent axle and The milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle.
Background technology
As the main rotation member of engine, bent axle includes trunnion and connecting rod neck, and connecting rod neck can be around main shaft in work Neck is rotated, and after the connecting rod neck connection upper connecting rod of bent axle, the straight reciprocating motion of connecting rod can be become to the rotary motion of itself.
In the milling process of bent axle, the processing of connecting rod neck is difficult point.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of milling method of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, it can be quickly and accurately positioned song The machining benchmark coordinate of the connecting rod neck of axle.
The invention provides a kind of method for milling of the connecting rod neck of bent axle.Can in a drive shaft, drive shaft by crankshaft installed Band dynamic crankshaft is rotated, and the trunnion and connecting rod neck for making bent axle are rotated with trunnion axle center, and method for milling includes:It is vertical at one In establishing coordinate system in the plane in trunnion axle center, using a direction in the plane as X-axis, with the plane perpendicular to X-axis A direction be Y-axis;Two Y-axis coordinate y1s and y2 of the neck of trunnion to edge under same X-axis coordinate position are measured, with Calculate the Y-axis coordinate yc=(y1+y2)/2 in trunnion axle center;One gauge head is placed in Y-axis coordinate yc opening position, control driving Axle drivening rod neck rotates clockwise, and the rotational coordinates angle of drive shaft is α when connecting rod neck touches gauge head, and control drive shaft drives Connecting rod neck rotates counterclockwise, and the rotational coordinates angle of drive shaft is β when connecting rod neck touches gauge head, calculates the processing base of connecting rod neck Quasi- angle, θ=(alpha+beta)/2;One cutter is placed in the opening position of a Y-axis coordinate yc, control drive shaft turns to machining benchmark angle θ;Connecting rod neck is set with drive shaft turns to, to process original position, drive shaft is from machining benchmark angle, θ during machining benchmark angle, θ Start to rotate an angle, control cutter to make the contact point of cutter and connecting rod neck extremely in the position of X-axis and Y-axis according to the angle The vertical line in trunnion axle center is parallel to X-axis, and milling connecting rod neck.
The above method is simple, can quickly and accurately position the machining benchmark coordinate of the connecting rod neck of bent axle.
In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the method for milling of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, drive shaft is from machining benchmark angle, θ While starting to rotate a decile angle, control cutter makes the contact point of cutter and connecting rod neck in the position of X-axis and Y-axis to axle The vertical line of the heart is all the time parallel to X-axis, and milling connecting rod neck.The milling control method can be easy the milling for being continuously finished connecting rod neck Cut work.
In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the method for milling of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, milling feed amount is set as Linc, The radius of connecting rod neck is set as LR1, sets trunnion axle center to the length in the axle center of connecting rod neck as LR, setting connecting rod neck is around main shaft The decile angle of neck axis rotation is a,
Then cutter is Lx=LR+LR1- (LR × cos (a)+(LR1-Linc)) in X-direction displacement, in Y direction displacement For Ly=LR × sin (a).Above-mentioned displacement computational methods rapid and convenient, is adapted to computer programming control.
Present invention also offers a kind of milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, and it can perform above-mentioned method for milling, milling dress Put includes a drive shaft, a cutter and a gauge head including a Digit Control Machine Tool, Digit Control Machine Tool.Drive shaft can drive song Axle rotates, and cutter is capable of the connecting rod neck of milling bent axle, and gauge head is used for the Y-axis coordinate for measuring trunnion axle center, and measurement drive shaft Rotational coordinates angle [alpha] and β.
Hereafter by a manner of clearly understandable, preferred embodiment is described with reference to the drawings, to the milling side of the connecting rod neck of bent axle Method and above-mentioned characteristic, technical characteristic, advantage and its implementation of milling attachment are further described.
Brief description of the drawings
The following drawings only does schematic illustration and explanation to the present invention, not delimit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is illustrating the schematic diagram of the Milling Process position of the connecting rod neck of bent axle;
Fig. 2 is illustrating that the flow chart of the milling method of neck is caught up with by the company of bent axle;
Fig. 3 is illustrating coordinate position measuring principle figure of the trunnion axle center of bent axle in Y direction;
Fig. 4 is illustrating the measuring principle figure of the machining benchmark angle, θ of the connecting rod neck of bent axle;
Fig. 5 is illustrating the schematic diagram calculation of the machining benchmark angle, θ of the connecting rod neck of bent axle;
Fig. 6 is illustrating the Milling Principle figure of the connecting rod neck of bent axle.
Label declaration
10 bent axles
12 trunnions
14 connecting rod necks
20 gauge heads
30 cutters
The C drive shafts centre of gyration, the axle center of trunnion
S41 establishes coordinate system
The Y-axis coordinate in S42 measurement trunnions axle center
S43 measures machining benchmark angle
S44 controls cutter and connecting rod neck to benchmark Working position
S45 milling connecting rod necks.
Embodiment
In order to which the technical characteristic of invention, purpose and effect are more clearly understood, now control brief description of the drawings is of the invention Embodiment, in the various figures identical label represent that structure is identical or structure is similar but function identical part.
Herein, " schematic " expression " serving as example, example or explanation ", will should not be described herein as " showing Any diagram, the embodiment of meaning property " are construed to a kind of preferred or more advantageous technical scheme.
To make simplified form, part related to the present invention is only schematically show in each figure, they are not represented Its practical structures as product.In addition, to readily appreciate simplified form, with identical structure or function in some figures Part, one of those is only symbolically depicted, or only marked one of those.
Bent axle 10 can be consolidated as shown in figure 1, bent axle 10 includes a plurality of trunnions 12 and a plurality of connecting rod necks 14, during processing Due to (being not drawn on the chuck of a lathe in figure), the centre of gyration axially along machine chuck of trunnion 12 is set, bent axle 10 can be installed on a drive shaft (being not drawn into figure) for lathe by chuck, and the drive shaft can be by chuck with dynamic crankshaft 10 Trunnion 12 and connecting rod neck 14 rotate around trunnion axle center C.
Fig. 2 is please participated in simultaneously, and Fig. 2 is fixed on machine to illustrate the milling process of the connecting rod neck 14 of bent axle 10, by bent axle 10 After bed.
Step S41 is initially entered, establishes coordinate system.
Coordinate system is established in the axle center C of trunnion 12 plane at one, using a direction in the plane as X Axle, using in the plane perpendicular to the direction of X-axis as Y-axis.Wherein, as shown in figure 3, X-direction and Y direction can be used for representing machine The direction of bed Tool Control, the X-axis of its coordinate system favour horizontal direction, certainly difference according to the design needs, X-axis and Y-axis Direction be not limited thereto.In addition, in figure so that the axle center C of trunnion 12 overlaps with the centre of gyration of drive shaft as an example, connecting rod The axle center of neck 14 can be along figure shown in dotted line circular trace turn to each position around the axle center C of trunnion 12.Show at one In the embodiment of meaning property, the axle center C of trunnion 12 and the centre of gyration of drive shaft are misaligned.
Step S42, the Y-axis coordinate in measurement trunnion axle center.
Using a gauge head 20, as shown in figure 3, the X-axis coordinate position of the location of the gauge head 20 is controlled in main shaft The axle center C of neck 12 is between the maximum X-axis coordinate position of trunnion.During measurement, control gauge head 20 moves along track shown in arrow It is dynamic.Controlling gauge head 20, the Y-axis coordinate y1 of A points, is then moved when record is touched from the A points at the edge of side touching trunnion 12 Gauge head 20 makes gauge head 20 touch the B points at the edge of trunnion 12, it is ensured that the X-axis coordinate and A of B points to the opposite side of trunnion 12 The X-axis coordinate of point is identical, Y-axis coordinate y2 when record is touched.The neck of trunnion 12 is measured to edge in same X-axis coordinate Two Y-axis coordinates y1 and y2 (corresponding A, B touch points respectively) under position, to calculate the axial line C of trunnion 12 in Y-axis side To coordinate value be yc=(y1+y2)/2, Y-axis coordinate yc can be as the machining benchmark position of the Y direction of machine tool.Need Illustrate, the coordinate of touch points A and B X-direction and the difference of the coordinate of the axial line C of trunnion 12 X-direction Absolute value is less than the radius of trunnion 12.
Step S43, measure machining benchmark angle.
Can referring also to Fig. 4, gauge head 20 is positioned at the opening position that a Y-axis coordinate is yc, gauge head 20 and trunnion 12 The distance between axle center C L, the axle center C less than connecting rod neck axle center D to trunnion 12 distance LR add the radius LR1 of connecting rod neck Sum, i.e. L<LR+LR1, so that after drive shaft drives bent axle 10 clockwise using trunnion axle center C as pivot, connecting rod can be made The edge E touching gauge heads 20 of neck 14, it be α that drive shaft, which has a rotational coordinates angle, during the touch position, is revolved counterclockwise again Turn drive shaft band dynamic crankshaft 10 to rotate, the edge F of connecting rod neck 14 is touched gauge head 20, drive shaft has one during the touch position Rotational coordinates angle is β, can referring also to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 shows the polar coordinate system using drive shaft centre of gyration C as limit, with table Show coordinate angle [alpha] and β, the machining benchmark angle, θ of connecting rod neck 14, θ=(alpha+beta)/2 can be calculated by α and β.Rotate driving Axle is to machining benchmark angle, θ so that bent axle 10 around the axle center C of trunnion 12 turn to machining benchmark position when, the axle center D of connecting rod neck 14 Y-axis coordinate should be equal to yc (allowing error be present in practical operation), and in this, as the machining benchmark position of connecting rod neck 14.
Step S44, cutter and connecting rod neck are controlled to machining benchmark position.
One cutter (30) is placed in the opening position that a Y-axis coordinate is yc, now distance of the cutter 30 apart from trunnion axle center C It should be greater than connecting rod neck axle center D to trunnion axle center C sums of the distance LR plus the radius LR1 of connecting rod neck;Control drive shaft turns To machining benchmark angle, θ so that bent axle 10 turns to machining benchmark position around the axle center C of trunnion 12, now the axle center D of connecting rod neck 14 Y-axis coordinate be equal to yc.
Step S45, milling connecting rod neck.
The connecting rod neck 14 is set with drive shaft turns to machining benchmark angle, θ, seats of the connecting rod neck axis D in Y direction Mark is processing original position when being equal to yc.In processing original position, cutter 30 need to be made to be tangential on the periphery of connecting rod neck 14, please be join See the position of the connecting rod neck 14 of the position of cutter 30 and adjacent cutter in Fig. 6.In a kind of schematical embodiment, it can control Drive shaft rotates a decile angle a, and the implication of decile angle is:It is N parts by an angle bisecting, every part of angle is decile Angle, if milling one week, then decile angle is 360 °/N.Cutter is controlled while drive shaft rotates a decile angle a 30 in the position of X-axis and Y-axis, makes the contact point of cutter 30 and connecting rod neck 14 to the axle center D of connecting rod neck 14 vertical line parallel all the time In X-axis, and milling connecting rod neck 14.If drive shaft rotates N number of decile angle, until can be completed to connecting rod neck after being rotated by 360 ° The milling work of 14 peripheral surfaces.In practical operation, decile angle can take the angle of a very little, make the cylindrical logical of connecting rod neck 14 The method for crossing line segment engagement completes milling work.Certainly, according to the difference of actual milling demand, such as milling part surface is only needed When, drive shaft can also be directly rotated to the angle of needs since being processed original position, then control cutter 30 in X-axis And the position of Y-axis makes the contact point of cutter 30 and connecting rod neck 14 to the axle center D of connecting rod neck 14 vertical line connect parallel to X-axis, milling The part surface of bar neck 14.
Wherein, the computational methods of machining coordinate are:Milling feed amount is set as Linc, sets the radius of connecting rod neck as LR1, The axle center C of trunnion 12 is set to the axle center D of connecting rod neck 14 length as LR, setting connecting rod neck 14 every time around trunnion rotate etc. Subangle is a, as shown in fig. 6, after crank rotation a angles, displacement Lx=LR+LR1- (L1+ of the cutter 30 in X-direction L2), wherein, L1=LR × cos (a), L2=LR1-Linc.Therefore the displacement of X-axis be Lx=LR+LR1- (LR × cos (a)+ (LR1-Linc)).After crank rotation a angles, cutter 30 is Ly=LR × sin (a) in the displacement of Y direction.Such as Fig. 6 institutes Show, connecting rod neck 14 rotates around the axle center C of trunnion 12 with drive shaft, and cutter 30 can complete the Milling Process to connecting rod neck.
Present invention also offers a kind of milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, it can perform above-mentioned method for milling.Wherein Milling attachment includes a Digit Control Machine Tool, and Digit Control Machine Tool includes a drive shaft, a cutter 30 and a gauge head 20.Wherein, Drive shaft can rotate with dynamic crankshaft, cutter 30 can milling bent axle, gauge head 20 is used to measure the Y-axis coordinate yc in trunnion axle center With the rotational coordinates angle [alpha] and β of drive shaft.
It should be appreciated that although this specification is described according to each embodiment, not each embodiment only includes one Individual independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that those skilled in the art will should say for clarity Bright book is as an entirety, and the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, and forming those skilled in the art can be with The other embodiment of understanding.
Those listed above is a series of to describe illustrating only for possible embodiments of the invention in detail, They simultaneously are not used to limit the scope of the invention, all equivalent embodiments made without departing from skill spirit of the present invention or change More, such as the combination, segmentation or repetition of feature, should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (4)

1. the method for milling of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, the bent axle (10) is installed on a drive shaft, the drive shaft can drive The bent axle (10) rotation, make the bent axle (10) trunnion (12) and connecting rod neck (14) with the trunnion (12) axle center Rotation, the method for milling include:
Coordinate system is established in the plane in the trunnion (12) axle center at one, using a direction in the plane as X Axle, using in the plane perpendicular to a direction of the X-axis as Y-axis;
Two Y-axis coordinate y1s and y2 of the neck of the trunnion (12) to edge under same X-axis coordinate position are measured, to calculate Go out the Y-axis coordinate yc=(y1+y2)/2 in the trunnion (12) axle center;
One gauge head (20) is placed in the opening position that a Y-axis coordinate is yc, controls the drive shaft to drive the connecting rod neck (14) suitable Hour hands rotate, and the rotational coordinates angle of the drive shaft is α when the connecting rod neck (14) touches gauge head (20), described in control Drive shaft drives the connecting rod neck (14) to rotate counterclockwise, the drive shaft when connecting rod neck (14) touches gauge head (20) Rotational coordinates angle be β, calculate machining benchmark angle, θ=(alpha+beta)/2 of the connecting rod neck (14);
One cutter (30) is placed in the opening position that a Y-axis coordinate is yc, controls the drive shaft turns to the machining benchmark angle Spend θ;
Set the connecting rod neck (14) with the drive shaft turns to during the machining benchmark angle, θ as process original position, institute State drive shaft and an angle is rotated since the machining benchmark angle, θ, the cutter is controlled according to the angle of the rotation (30) contact point of the cutter (30) and the connecting rod neck (14) is made in the position of X-axis and Y-axis to the trunnion (12) axle The vertical line of the heart is parallel to X-axis, and connecting rod neck described in milling (14).
2. the method for milling of the connecting rod neck of bent axle as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the drive shaft is from the machining benchmark angle While degree θ starts to rotate a decile angle, the cutter (30) is controlled to make the cutter (30) in the position of X-axis and Y-axis Vertical line with the contact point of the connecting rod neck (14) to the axle center is all the time parallel to X-axis, and connecting rod neck described in milling (14).
3. the method for milling of the connecting rod neck of bent axle as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
Milling feed amount is set as Linc,
The radius of the connecting rod neck is set as LR1,
The length in axle center of the trunnion axle center to the connecting rod neck is set as LR,
Connecting rod neck is set around the decile angle of the trunnion axis rotation as a,
Then the cutter (30) is Lx=LR+LR1- (LR × cos (a)+(LR1-Linc)) in X-direction displacement, in Y direction Displacement is Ly=LR × sin (a).
4. the milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle, it can perform method for milling as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, institute Stating milling attachment includes a Digit Control Machine Tool, and the Digit Control Machine Tool includes:
One can drive the drive shaft that the bent axle (10) rotates;
One cutter (30) for being capable of the connecting rod neck of bent axle described in milling;With
One gauge head (20), for measuring the Y-axis coordinate yc in the trunnion axle center, and the rotational coordinates of the measurement drive shaft Angle [alpha] and β.
CN201510244202.5A 2015-05-14 2015-05-14 The method for milling and milling attachment of the connecting rod neck of bent axle Active CN106270678B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109940207B (en) * 2019-04-15 2021-08-10 德州德隆(集团)机床有限责任公司 Method for eccentrically milling crankshaft connecting rod neck by macro-program
CN115625495A (en) * 2022-09-20 2023-01-20 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 V12 engine crankshaft machining method

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