CN106270501B - A kind of 3D printing cross-sections match method, combined shaping method and section restorative procedure - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing cross-sections match method, combined shaping method and section restorative procedure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106270501B CN106270501B CN201610784088.XA CN201610784088A CN106270501B CN 106270501 B CN106270501 B CN 106270501B CN 201610784088 A CN201610784088 A CN 201610784088A CN 106270501 B CN106270501 B CN 106270501B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 3D printing cross-sections match method, changed by coordinate, adjust galvanometer coordinate system or subdivision co-ordinate system location, make position consistency of the section relative to galvanometer coordinate system and subdivision coordinate system.This method is suitable for a kind of 3D printing combined shaping method disclosed by the invention, and the foundation shaping of part is first completed using mechanical processing, then using 3D printing technique shaping labyrinth part in shaping labyrinth part;Before shaping labyrinth part, the compound cross-section that foundation and labyrinth part are completed using the cross-sections match method is matched.The cross-sections match method applies also for 3D printing process and breaks down when printing again, and by part current layer, printing portion section is matched with the current layer cross section of part in subdivision software.This method is simple, it is easy to accomplish, it can effectively ensure that follow-up printing can be combined accurately with formed part, ensure that the forming quality of part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing technique field, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing cross-sections match method, further relates to this method
The combined shaping method and section restorative procedure being applicable in.
Background technology
3D printing technique is to be based on three-dimensional CAD model data, by way of increasing material and successively manufacturing part.It is with
Computerized three-dimensional designs a model as source, by the way that software hierarchy is discrete and numerical control formation system, is carried out material using high energy beam
Successively accumulate, final superposition shaping, produces entity products.3D printing technique is more efficient, more convenient, development prospect is broader,
It can utilize single metal or mixed metal powder directly produce with metallurgical binding, compactness close to 100%, have compared with
The metal parts of high dimensional accuracy and preferable surface roughness.Its integrated use new material, laser technology, computer technology etc.
Cutting edge technology, is subject to great attention both domestic and external, becomes new era extremely potential new and high technology.The hair of 3D printing technique
Exhibition not only largely reduces complicated cavity or complex-curved difficulty of processing, also substantially reduces the processing week of part
Phase.
But 3D printing technique is limited to high processing costs at present, the less labyrinth of processing volume is only used for mostly
Part, traditional machining process is still used for the larger parts with complex structures of volume, therefore, due to cost considerations,
3D printing technique also fails to industrially realize commonly used.
Further, since during 3D printing, process is caused to stop suddenly because misprint or equipment fault occurs, weight
New when putting part and being printed, actual placement position and placement position during part subdivision of part are difficult to be completely superposed, logical
Cross and manually adjust placement position, low precision, efficiency are low, largely effect on the forming quality of part.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cross-sections match method of 3D printing, solves the actual placement position of part and zero
The problem of placement position during part subdivision is difficult to be completely superposed.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of 3D printing combined shaping method, solve and printed using 3D printing technique
The problem of larger parts with complex structures of volume is of high cost.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 3D printing section restorative procedure, solves when existing printing is repaired and cuts
The problem of face matching precision is poor.
A technical solution of the present invention is that a kind of 3D printing cross-sections match method, is changed by coordinate, adjustment
Galvanometer coordinate system or subdivision co-ordinate system location, make position consistency of the section relative to galvanometer coordinate system and subdivision coordinate system.
Further, this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, according to subdivision software middle section and the relative position of subdivision coordinate system X0Y, determine that subdivision coordinate system X0Y exists
Position in shaped region;
Step 2, by coordinate transform, the position of galvanometer coordinate system is adjusted, makes the galvanometer coordinate system in shaped region with cuing open
Divide coordinate system to be completely superposed, complete the matching in section.
Wherein, step 1 includes following sub-step:
S1. reference marker point is printed
Optional 2 points of the non-cross-sectional area in shaped region, which is used as, refers to mark point, and printing is marked at this 2 points,
This 2 points coordinates in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ' are recorded, and counter push away galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ';
S2. shaped region image is obtained
Taken pictures using the photographing unit at the top of working chamber to whole shaped region, obtain shaped region image,
And the image is sent to computer;
S3. section feature point is matched
Cross-sectional image in computer extraction shaping area image, any two characteristic point is chosen in cross-sectional area, is calculated
And coordinate of the recording feature point in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ';Matching characteristic point, recording feature on section in subdivision software
Coordinate of the point in subdivision coordinate system X0Y;
S4. the anti-position for pushing away subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped region
According to two characteristic points in subdivision coordinate system X0Y anti-subdivision coordinate system X0Y is pushed away relative to the position of subdivision coordinate system X0Y
The direction of origin position and reference axis in shaped region.
Coordinate of the characteristic point in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ' is according to reference marker in shaped region image in above-mentioned steps S3
Point and the relative position of characteristic point, and the coordinate of reference marker point is calculated in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y '.
Origin positions of the subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped region is according to two in subdivision coordinate system X0Y in above-mentioned steps S4
Characteristic point is back-calculated to obtain relative to the coordinate of two characteristic points in the position of subdivision coordinate system X0Y origins and galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ';
Subdivision coordinate system X0Y is sat in the direction of shaped region internal coordinate axis according to two characteristic point lines in subdivision coordinate system X0Y and subdivision
The angle of mark system X0Y reference axis is back-calculated to obtain.
Further, 3 features above points are chosen in step s3, after combination of two, carry out respectively Feature Points Matching and
Subdivision coordinate system X0Y is counter to be pushed away, and obtains at least two groups of subdivision coordinate system X0Y;Compare each group subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped region
Position it is whether consistent, if unanimously, showing successful match, perform step 2;If inconsistent, show that it fails to match, hold again
Row step S3, S4, until successful match, then perform step 2.
Device used in above-mentioned cross-sections match method includes the photographing unit at the top of 3D printing working chamber, and with bat
The computer being connected according to unit with 3D printer control system.
Second technical solution of the present invention is a kind of 3D printing combined shaping method, by part based on part partitioning
With labyrinth part, the shaping of part foundation is first completed using mechanical processing, then using 3D printing technique in basic courses department
Divide upper shaping labyrinth part.
Before shaping labyrinth part, answering for foundation and labyrinth part is completed using above-mentioned cross-sections match method
Close cross-sections match.
The 3rd technical solution of the present invention is a kind of 3D printing section restorative procedure, including uses above-mentioned cross-sections match
By part current layer, printing portion section is matched method with the current layer cross section of part in subdivision software, then to current layer
Section part to be repaired is printed.
The invention has the advantages that the cross-sections match method of the 3D printing of the present invention is based on coordinate transformation method, pass through tune
Whole galvanometer coordinate system or subdivision coordinate system, are consistent the two, to ensure that part is kept relative to the position of two coordinate systems
Unanimously, and then the accurate match in section is realized.This method is suitable for new 3D printing combined shaping method proposed by the present invention
Cross-sections match, meanwhile, new 3D printing combined shaping method proposed by the present invention by tradition machinery processing and 3D printing technique into
Row combines, and while part process cycle is shortened, the processing cost of part is greatly reduced, before making the application of 3D printing technique
Scape is more wide.Cross-sections match when 3D printing process section is repaired is applied also for, overcomes section when existing printing is repaired
With spend it is not high the problem of.This method is simple, it is easy to accomplish, can effectively ensure follow-up printing can accurately with formed portion
Divide and combine, ensure that the forming quality of part.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of 3D printing equipment working chamber of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the cross-sections match method of 3D printing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sections match schematic diagram that the method for the present invention is used for combined shaping, and a is galvanometer coordinate system lower section, and b is to cut open
Divide coordinate system lower section, c is section after coordinate conversion;
Fig. 4 is the anti-schematic diagram for pushing away subdivision coordinate system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the method for the present invention is used for the cross-sections match schematic diagram that section is repaired, and a is galvanometer coordinate system lower section, and b is to cut open
Divide coordinate system lower section.
In Fig. 1,1. working chambers, 2. photographing units, 3. shaped regions, 4. computers.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to
These embodiments.
The 3D printing cross-sections match method of the present invention be in order to by the section of part to be printed in 3D printing and part into
The section of shape part matches, enable follow-up printing accurately with formed part with reference to and propose.
The cross-sections match method is suitable for a kind of new 3D printing method proposed by the present invention, i.e. 3D printing combined shaping side
Method, the combined shaping method include:By part and labyrinth part based on part partitioning, first zero is completed using mechanical processing
The foundation shaping of part, then labyrinth part is shaped in part foundation using 3D printing technique.
The 3D printing combined shaping method greatly reduces being processed into for part while part process cycle is shortened
This.But when using this method progress part processing, there are part foundation and the matching of labyrinth part faying face to ask
Topic.In Compound Machining after foundation shaping, actual placement position and placement position during part subdivision of part have been difficult
Full weight is closed, and by manually adjusting placement position, low precision, efficiency are low, are easy to cause the knot of foundation and labyrinth part
Conjunction face is unable to accurate match, can largely effect on the forming quality of part.Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of cross-sections match method.
During the cross-sections match method applies also for 3D printing, misprint or equipment fault, which occurs, causes process
Stop suddenly, when printing again, cross-sections match when being repaired to current layer cross section.
The principle of 3D printing cross-sections match method of the present invention is, during normal print, galvanometer coordinate system acquiescence and subdivision
Coordinate system is consistent, i.e., formation of parts but is beaten with its position consistency in subdivision coordinate system in galvanometer coordinate system according to 3D
Print combined shaping method, or traditional 3D printing is broken down, when part puts printing again, then can cause part relative to
The position of galvanometer coordinate system is inconsistent in the position of subdivision coordinate system corresponding thereto.In order to ensure the accurate match of compound cross-section,
Part must be made to be consistent relative to the position of two coordinate systems.Therefore, the present invention is based on coordinate transformation method, by adjusting shaking
Mirror coordinate system or subdivision coordinate system, to ensure that part is consistent relative to the position of two coordinate systems, and then realize compound section
The accurate match in face.
Device used in the present invention is used for as shown in Figure 1, including the photographing unit 2 positioned at the top of 3D printing working chamber 1
Take pictures to shaped region 3, the computer 4 being connected with photographing unit 2 and 3D printer control system is further included, for reality
Border processing section carries out analysis matching.
It is of the invention preferably based on coordinate transform, by adjusting galvanometer coordinate system, it is consistent with subdivision coordinate system,
Ensure that part is consistent relative to the position of two coordinate systems, so as to fulfill the accurate match in section.
As shown in Fig. 2, this method specifically includes:
Step 1, according to part section in subdivision software and the relative position of subdivision coordinate system X0Y, subdivision coordinate system is determined
Positions of the X0Y in shaped region.
S1. reference marker point is printed
Optional 2 points A, B in non-cross-sectional area in shaped region is as mark point is referred to, as shown in Figure 3a, and at this 2 points
Printing is marked, records this 2 points coordinate (X in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y 'A,YA)、(XB,YB), and counter push away galvanometer coordinate
It is X ' 0Y '.
S2. shaped region image is obtained
Taken pictures using the photographing unit at the top of working chamber to whole shaped region, obtain shaped region image,
And the image is sent to computer.
S3. section feature point is matched
Cross-sectional image in computer extraction shaping area image, chooses any two characteristic point a, b in cross-sectional area.
According to the coordinate (X of reference marker point A, B in galvanometer systemA,YA) or (XB,YB), and characteristic point a, b and reference mark
Remember the relative position of point A or B, calculate simultaneously coordinate (x of the recording feature point in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y '1', y1') and (x2',
y2’)。
The seat of matching characteristic point a, b on section in subdivision software, recording feature point a, b in subdivision coordinate system X0Y
Mark (x1, y1) and (x2, y2)。
S4. the anti-position for pushing away subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped region
(1) position according to two characteristic points a, b in subdivision coordinate system X0Y relative to subdivision coordinate system X0Y origins, and galvanometer
Coordinate (the x of two characteristic points in coordinate system X ' 0Y '1', y1') and (x2', y2'), the anti-subdivision coordinate system X0Y origins that push away are in formation zone
Position in domain.
(2) line of two characteristic points and subdivision coordinate system X0Y reference axis in subdivision coordinate system X0Y are calculated according to formula (1)
Angle α, as shown in Figure 4.
Sat according to two characteristic point lines in subdivision coordinate system X0Y and the angle α of subdivision coordinate system X0Y reference axis, and galvanometer
Two characteristic point lines in mark system X ' 0Y ', the anti-subdivision coordinate system X0Y that pushes away is in the direction of shaped region internal coordinate axis.
Positions of the subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped region is obtained by step (1), (2).
Step 2, according to the relative position of galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ' in shaped region and subdivision coordinate system X0Y, by that will shake
Mirror coordinate system X ' 0Y ' rotation θ angles, translationDistance, makes it be completely superposed with subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped region, such as schemes
Shown in 3b, 3c, to ensure that section is consistent relative to the position of two coordinate systems, the accurate match in section is completed.
In order to further ensure that the anti-accuracy pushed away of subdivision coordinate system, for the part of section complexity, in step
In rapid S3, the characteristic point of more than 3 can be chosen, after combination of two, carry out the matching of features described above point and subdivision coordinate system X0Y respectively
Counter to push away, whether consistent, if unanimously, showing if comparing positions of each group subdivision coordinate system X0Y being back-calculated to obtain in shaped region
Successful match, performs step 2;If inconsistent, show that it fails to match, re-execute step S3, S4, until successful match, then
Step 2 is performed, avoids the occurrence of matching error.
By above-mentioned steps, it is ensured that the correct matching in section, avoids the part processing caused by the problems such as dislocation and lose
Lose.
Similarly, also can be by adjusting the position of subdivision coordinate system X0Y, by galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ' rotation θ angles, translationDistance, makes it be consistent with galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ', so as to complete the matching in section.
The process that cross-sections match method of the present invention is used for 3D printing combined shaping method progress part forming is as follows:
(1), retaining element
The part foundation for having been subjected to mechanical processing shaping is fixed on base using the mode such as frock or screw fastening
On material, and base material is put to equipment shaped region.
(2), leveling, powdering
To base material carry out leveling, and adjust working face Z axis height, it is ensured that the upper surface of the formed foundation of part with
Shaping plane is consistent.Then, shaped region is paved with powder, is ready for shaping in next step.
(3), according to the relative position of part in subdivision software and subdivision coordinate system X0Y, determine subdivision coordinate system X0Y into
Position in shape face.
(4), by coordinate transform, the position of galvanometer coordinate system is adjusted, the two is completely superposed in shaped region, completed
The matching in section.
(5), part is printed
Equipment print system controls galvanometer to read print point position according to the galvanometer coordinate system after conversion, starts to print, directly
To the printing for completing whole part.
The process that cross-sections match method of the present invention is used to repair in 3D printing process section is as follows:
(1) according to part section in subdivision software and the relative position of subdivision coordinate system X0Y, subdivision coordinate system X0Y is determined
Position in forming face.
(2), by coordinate transform, the position of galvanometer coordinate system is adjusted, the two is completely superposed in shaped region, completed
The matching in section.
(3) cross section profile under the galvanometer coordinate system after conversion and subdivision coordinate system lower section profile are contrasted, such as
Shown in Fig. 5 a, 5b, identify and extract missing cross section information.
(4), part is printed
Equipment print system control galvanometer prints current layer cross section lack part, after completing current layer printing, after
Continuous next layer of printing, until completing the printing of whole part.
Above description of the present invention is section Example, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned embodiment.
Above-mentioned embodiment is schematical, is not restricted.Every method using the present invention, is not departing from this hair
In the case of bright objective and scope of the claimed protection, all specific expand belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. 3D printing cross-sections match method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:Step 1, according to subdivision software middle section and the relative position of subdivision coordinate system X0Y, determine that subdivision coordinate system X0Y is shaping Position in region;The step 1 includes following sub-step:S1. reference marker point is printedOptional 2 points of the non-cross-sectional area in shaped region, which is used as, refers to mark point, and printing is marked at this 2 points, records This 2 points coordinates in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ', and counter push away galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ';S2. shaped region image is obtainedTaken pictures using the photographing unit at the top of working chamber to whole shaped region, obtain shaped region image, and will The image is sent to computer;S3. section feature point is matchedCross-sectional image in computer extraction shaping area image, any two characteristic point is chosen in cross-sectional area, calculates and remembers Record coordinate of the characteristic point in galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ';Matching characteristic point on section in subdivision software, recording feature point exist Coordinate in subdivision coordinate system X0Y;S4. the anti-position for pushing away subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped regionAccording to two characteristic points in subdivision coordinate system X0Y relative to subdivision coordinate system X0Y position it is counter push away subdivision coordinate system X0Y into The direction of origin position and reference axis in shape region;Step 2, by coordinate transform, the position of galvanometer coordinate system is adjusted, the galvanometer coordinate system in shaped region is sat with subdivision Mark system is completely superposed, and completes the matching in section.
- 2. 3D printing cross-sections match method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that characteristic point is being shaken described in step S3 Coordinate in mirror coordinate system X ' 0Y ' is according to the relative position of reference marker point and characteristic point in the shaped region image, and shakes The coordinate of reference marker point is calculated in mirror coordinate system X ' 0Y '.
- 3. 3D printing cross-sections match method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that subdivision coordinate system described in step S4 Origin positions of the X0Y in shaped region is according to two characteristic points in subdivision coordinate system X0Y relative to subdivision coordinate system X0Y origins The coordinate of two characteristic points is back-calculated to obtain in position and galvanometer coordinate system X ' 0Y ';The subdivision coordinate system X0Y is sat in shaped region The direction of parameter is back-calculated to obtain according to two characteristic point lines in subdivision coordinate system X0Y and the angle of subdivision coordinate system X0Y reference axis.
- 4. 3D printing cross-sections match method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that in the step S3 3 features above points are chosen, after combination of two, Feature Points Matching is carried out respectively and subdivision coordinate system X0Y is counter pushes away, obtain at least two Group subdivision coordinate system X0Y;Whether consistent compare positions of each group subdivision coordinate system X0Y in shaped region, if unanimously, showing Successful match, performs step 2;If inconsistent, show that it fails to match, re-execute step S3, S4, until successful match, then Perform step 2.
- 5. 3D printing cross-sections match method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the device used in this method includes position Photographing unit at the top of 3D printing working chamber, and the computer being connected with photographing unit and 3D printer control system.
- 6. a kind of 3D printing combined shaping method, it is characterised in that first by part and labyrinth part based on part partitioning The shaping of part foundation is completed using mechanical processing, then labyrinth portion is shaped in foundation using 3D printing technique Point;Before shaping labyrinth part, using such as claim 1-4 any one of them cross-sections match method complete foundation with The compound cross-section matching of labyrinth part.
- 7. a kind of 3D printing section restorative procedure, it is characterised in that including using such as claim 1-4 any one of them section By part current layer, printing portion section is matched matching process with the current layer cross section of part in subdivision software, then to working as Preceding layer cross section part to be repaired is printed.
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CN107672172A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-02-09 | 中北大学 | 3D printer hott bed method for automatically leveling and levelling device |
DE102017219333A1 (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of modifying components using additive manufacturing |
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