CN106270461A - A kind of synthesis technique of wearing composite material - Google Patents
A kind of synthesis technique of wearing composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106270461A CN106270461A CN201510303874.9A CN201510303874A CN106270461A CN 106270461 A CN106270461 A CN 106270461A CN 201510303874 A CN201510303874 A CN 201510303874A CN 106270461 A CN106270461 A CN 106270461A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material, its technical scheme is: the first material and the second material, the fusion temperature of the first material keeps the temperature solidifying shape body low than the second material, the first and the second material are under atmospheric pressure carried out being heated to more than the first Material Melt temperature, keep this temperature a period of time, it is ensured that the part fusing material of the first material melts in the second material.Present invention process practicality reasonable in design, convenient to operation, solve wear problem, extend service life, energy-conserving and environment-protective, safe and reliable, improve economic efficiency of enterprise and economic benefit, be suitable for popularity and use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composition metal technical field, the synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material.
Background technology
It is continuous service life the principal economic indicators of design at surface digging tool and industrial equipment field high-abrasive material, high-abrasive material working environment affects the service life of high-abrasive material, general environment can produce abrasion, impact, variations in temperature, shake, all of these factors taken together such as corrosion integrates the service life that can reduce workpiece.Due to the shut-down of device damage, change parts and kinds of schemes and multiple raw-material consumption can be caused to solve wear problem.High chromium white ferrum, tungsten carbide composite, cobalt alloy, nickel alloy can be applicable to heavy wear environment, but these materials broadly fall into hard alloy, although generally speaking these materials have good good in other words anti-wear performance, but the operation of these materials is the most difficult, can not weld in practice, these materials are the most crisp, if using the securing member connected modes such as bolt, when having by large impact power, these parts are all easily broken off.Best solution forms joint product exactly, uses traditional production technology to have a following limitation producing composite: the limitation of high-abrasive material, the thickness limitation of welding material, vacuum brazing technique need the most close machining tolerances, the limitation of Vacuum Soldering Technology product size, Vacuum Soldering Technology high-abrasive material and matrix thermal expansion different limit the size of finished product, the restriction of complicated shape and
High-abrasive material cracking etc. in production process.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material to solve the problems referred to above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the first material and the second material, the fusion temperature of the first material keeps the temperature solidifying shape body low than the second material, the first and the second material are under atmospheric pressure carried out being heated to more than the first Material Melt temperature, keep this temperature a period of time, it is ensured that the part fusing material of the first material melts in the second material.
Present invention process comprises the steps:
(1), matrix material make: use forging type, casting component be carbon 1%-4.5%, chromium 7%-32%,
Manganese 1%-5%, nickel 0.5%-6%, silicon 0.3%-4%, the combination partner of vanadium, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, stannum, tungsten and copper is less than 30wt%；
(2), substrate material makes: carbon 4%, chromium 9%, manganese 1.6%, nickel 1%, silicon 1%；
(3), substrate steel molding is made: uses casting or welding processing mode, makes with 0.2% carbon steel and 1% tool steel；
(4), clean and be dried: matrix and base material with dried, or after all oxidations and the oxide skin on surface are removed in slight sandblasting, are prepared for next step operation by high pressure water cleaning；
(5), matrix is combined with base material: by base material and matrix, being positioned in the stove of scalable constituent of atomsphere and pressure, or use vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying oven is evacuated and injects high-purity nitrogen, oxygen is discharged from chamber, is full of nitrogen office in vacuum drying oven and is depressed into 208mbar.
(6), heat treatment process: the heat treatment process arranged according to the liquidus temperature of base material runs and keep required time, it is heated to 1250 DEG C to 1300 DEG C, insulation 60min, is subsequently cooled to 700 DEG C, and atom is controlled with cooldown rate by heating with the growth of crystal；
(7), evaluation faying face: the finished composite product of base material Yu matrix is taken out from stove; air cooling is to room temperature; finished composite product is cut open test evaluation faying face; the easily consumption punching block substrate of combination interface 0.2%-1% component; the interface dimensions of metallurgy is 10 microns; closing on interface to melt in heat treatment, there is hard alloy loss district, this Mathematical Analysis of Al-li Alloy Containing Rare Earth is controlled with material component by cooldown rate.
Substrate steel die coating has refractory substance coating and can be recycled；Refractory substance coating is the mixing of kaolinite soil matrix coating or magnesio coating or kaolinite soil matrix coating and magnesio coating；At least some base materials be by than base material more resistant to mill material replace, replace base material material be titaniferous, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, tantalum, carbide, boride and nitride；The material replacing centralized procurement is pottery.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: present invention process practicality reasonable in design, convenient to operation, solve wear problem, extend service life, energy-conserving and environment-protective, safe and reliable, improve economic efficiency of enterprise and economic benefit, be suitable for popularity and use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is matrix alloy system of the present invention phase schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is representative temperature and the pressue-graph of punching block of the present invention production；
Fig. 3 is representative temperature and the pressure curve of ceramic coat die of the present invention production；
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation between temperature and time of the present invention and acceptable products quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
First, base material uses conventional cast mode, and casting component is carbon 4%, chromium 9%, manganese 1.6%, nickel 1%, silicon 1%.These materials are poured in the mould that casting uses and provide substrate material for next step.The liquidus temperature of base material is measured by heat analysis, and by alloy system phasor (see figure 1) cross-check, and liquidus curve show the material transformation from austenite or M7C3 to liquid.
Matrix, as base material, uses traditional casting or welding processing mode.Substrate punching block is made with 0.2% carbon steel and 1% tool steel, and matrix and base material, or after all oxidations and the oxide skin on surface are removed in slight sandblasting, are prepared for next step operation with dried by high pressure water cleaning.
Being computed correctly the quality that base material needs, by adding up the volume of matrix, and the density of base material calculates the substrate weight required for producing.
The matrix prepared and base material, be positioned in the stove of scalable constituent of atomsphere and pressure, or use vacuum drying oven.Vacuum drying oven is evacuated and injects noble gas (such as high-purity nitrogen) and discharged from chamber by oxygen.It is full of nitrogen office in vacuum drying oven and is depressed into 208mbar.Bigger vacuum can't improve bond quality, produces alveolate texture due to the most multicomponent gasification on the contrary.Under high pressure, find that bonding quality reduces owing to reacting to each other.Then arrange predetermined heat treatment process run according to the liquidus temperature of base material and keep required time to obtain gratifying product.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
A () is heated to 1250 DEG C to 1300 DEG C；
(b) insulation 60min；
C () is cooled to 700 DEG C.Please note that atom can be controlled with cooldown rate by heating with the growth of crystal.
After heat treatment process completes, open stove.Before final operation completes, can be taken out from stove by the joint product that melt base material the most again, air cooling is to room temperature.
Being cut open by finished product afterwards and test evaluation faying face, the microscopic optical structure of test result, faying face merges completely.Joint product is by the wear resistant white iron of base material, i.e. low melting point, combination interface, the easily consumption punching block substrate of about 0.2-1% component.The interface dimensions of metallurgy is 10 microns.Close on interface to melt in heat treatment；There is hard alloy loss district, this Mathematical Analysis of Al-li Alloy Containing Rare Earth can be controlled with material component by cooldown rate.
Substrate alloy is made up of the austenite containing eutectic chromium carbide.Binder course includes land and hard alloy loss district composition.Owing to making hard alloy loss district tissue morphology change in the disappearance of these region eutectic chromium carbides, it can be seen that between alloy and matrix, owing to matrix alloy migrates to base material so that matrix basic pore-free phenomenon.Finished size measure of precision, finds that joint product does not has obvious change in size.
Fig. 2 show temperature and pressure curve, cycle liquidus temperature based on base material and time.
Punching block or mould are can be recycled, get out mould and use refractory substance coating, base material or melt ingot bar again and be packed in mould or substrate; produce wearing piece; when base material melt after, can fill mould and with matrix close contact, in order to matrix merge and partial fusion.For making mould will not incorporate base material, need mould is used coating.For making punching block use as non-easily-consumed products, before using mould, use suitable protective coating.Through the most feasible casting fireproof coating is carried out a series of test, the acquisition of best result of the test is the use of two kinds of coatings, comprises kaolin type ceramic coating and magnesio coating (see figure 3).
Concrete operations are as follows:
1. punching block first high pressure water cleaning is with dry, or uses ceramic coating and the oxide skin of remaining before slight sandblasting removing；
2. allow to use the mode application suspension Kaolin primer bases such as spraying, flow coat, dip-coating；
3. obtain optimum by brushing the Kaolin fireproof coating of at least two layers of thin；
4. guarantee that the coating continued before brushing is completely dried；
5. the application of external coating magnesio fireproof coating can be carried out by spraying or the mode such as flow coat or dip-coating；Only using monolayer magnesio coating, standard coating uses ethanol dilution；
6. before mould uses, final brushing to be completely dried.
Kaolinite soil matrix fireproof coating is only used to be not enough to prevent to merge together with alloy adheres to punching block.
Single brushing magnesio fireproof coating is not enough to prevent merging alloy and is bound to punching block.
Testing other various types of coatings alone or in combination, above-mentioned application process is most effective for brushing mode simultaneously.
Having carried out a series of experimental test base material and be higher than liquidus temperature and variable time, result of the test embodies in the diagram.As can be seen from Figure 4 temperature retention time is relevant with the liquidus temperature higher than base material, and the quality of final products is had important impact.
The liquidus temperature of substrate alloy is determined by the thermal analysis detail drawing of base material when manufacturing.In embodiment, the liquidus temperature of base material is 1190-1200 DEG C.Once the liquidus temperature of base material determines, after i.e. reaching beyond liquidus temperature and temperature required time, heat treatment process is just established.
Having been found that in test that the maximum temperature in heat treatment process is not high enough, the soakage layer of matrix is undesirable, and can produce a series of problem: alloy pore, in conjunction with not enough, and incomplete thawing and surface quality.Other problems run into are the incomplete filling of on-consumable mould and matrix.
Temperature beyond liquidus curve is inversely proportional to temperature retention time, and during heat treatment, temperature is the highest beyond liquidus curve, and required temperature retention time is the shortest.But, the senior middle school in heat treatment process makees temperature and is limited by the solid-state temperature of base material.If operating temperature is the highest, matrix, mould, base material will not have enough intensity to maintain the base material melted and the shape of itself.
Claims (6)
1. the synthesis technique of a wearing composite material, it is characterized in that: the first material and the second material, the fusion temperature of the first material keeps the temperature solidifying shape body low than the second material, the first and the second material are under atmospheric pressure carried out being heated to more than the first Material Melt temperature, keep this temperature a period of time, it is ensured that the part fusing material of the first material melts in the second material.
2. according to the synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material described in claim, it is characterised in that: this technique comprises the steps:
(1), matrix material make: use forging type, casting component be carbon 1%-4.5%, chromium 7%-32%,
Manganese 1%-5%, nickel 0.5%-6%, silicon 0.3%-4%, the combination partner of vanadium, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, stannum, tungsten and copper is less than 30wt%；
(2), substrate material makes: carbon 4%, chromium 9%, manganese 1.6%, nickel 1%, silicon 1%；
(3), substrate steel molding is made: uses casting or welding processing mode, makes with 0.2% carbon steel and 1% tool steel；
(4), clean and be dried: matrix and base material with dried, or after all oxidations and the oxide skin on surface are removed in slight sandblasting, are prepared for next step operation by high pressure water cleaning；
(5), matrix is combined with base material: by base material and matrix, being positioned in the stove of scalable constituent of atomsphere and pressure, or use vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying oven is evacuated and injects high-purity nitrogen, oxygen is discharged from chamber, is full of nitrogen office in vacuum drying oven and is depressed into 208mbar；
(6), heat treatment process: the heat treatment process arranged according to the liquidus temperature of base material runs and keep required time, it is heated to 1250 DEG C to 1300 DEG C, insulation 60min, is subsequently cooled to 700 DEG C, and atom is controlled with cooldown rate by heating with the growth of crystal；
(7), evaluation faying face: the finished composite product of base material Yu matrix is taken out from stove; air cooling is to room temperature; finished composite product is cut open test evaluation faying face; the easily consumption punching block substrate of combination interface 0.2%-1% component; the interface dimensions of metallurgy is 10 microns; closing on interface to melt in heat treatment, there is hard alloy loss district, this Mathematical Analysis of Al-li Alloy Containing Rare Earth is controlled with material component by cooldown rate.
The synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: punching block scribbles refractory substance coating and can be recycled.
The synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: refractory substance coating is the mixing of kaolinite soil matrix coating or magnesio coating or kaolinite soil matrix coating and magnesio coating.
The synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: at least some base materials be by than base material more resistant to mill material replace, replace base material material be titaniferous, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, tantalum, carbide, boride and nitride.
The synthesis technique of a kind of wearing composite material the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the material replacing centralized procurement is pottery.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111659868A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 中原内配集团股份有限公司 | Novel cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof |
| CN113831768A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-24 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Anti-scaling coating for dry dedusting evaporative cooler |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111659868A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 中原内配集团股份有限公司 | Novel cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof |
| CN113831768A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-24 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Anti-scaling coating for dry dedusting evaporative cooler |
| CN113831768B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-02-10 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Anti-scaling coating for dry dedusting evaporative cooler |
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Application publication date: 20170104 |