CN1062701C - Apparatus for encoding controur of object - Google Patents
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- CN1062701C CN1062701C CN95116955A CN95116955A CN1062701C CN 1062701 C CN1062701 C CN 1062701C CN 95116955 A CN95116955 A CN 95116955A CN 95116955 A CN95116955 A CN 95116955A CN 1062701 C CN1062701 C CN 1062701C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a contour encoding apparatus based on polygonal approximation, which is used for determining vertexes on a prior contour of a prior frame. A group of first approximation errors are calculated for sampling points with preset number on each first straight line segment between two vertexes; a first group of discrete sine transform coefficients are obtained. Preset vertexes are detected on the basis of vertex information and a current contour of a current frame. A group of second approximation errors are calculated for the sampling points with the preset number on each second straight line segment between the two vertexes; a second group of discrete sine transform coefficients are obtained. After the second group of discrete sine coefficients are subtracted from the corresponding first group of discrete sine transform coefficients for determining a group of difference values, the difference values are transmitted by codes for reducing data transmission quantity.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of device to encoding contour of object; Especially, relate to a kind of contour encoding device that can reduce the data volume that is sent out by use summit motion estimation.
In Digital Video System such as video telephone, video conference and high-definition television system, in order to determine a large amount of numerical data of each frame of video signal demand, because comprise in the video line signal in the frame of video signal that a sequence is called as the numerical data of pixel value.But, because obtainable frequency bandwidth is limited in traditional transmission channel, for by a large amount of numerical data of this transmission channel, inevitably will be by using various data compression techniques to compress or reducing data volume, especially under the situation of the low-bit rate video signal coder as video telephone and video conference system.
These are used for the low rate encoding system is that so-called object-oriented analysis one composite coding technology (sees that Michael Hotter writes " based on the object-oriented analysis-composite coding of motion two-dimensional targets " to a kind of of method of encoding video signal, Signal Processing:Image Communication 2, the 409-428 pages or leaves (December nineteen ninety).
According to this object-oriented analysis-composite coding technology, the input video image is divided into target, and is used for determining that three groups of parameters of the motion outline of each target and pixel data are processed by different encoding channels.
Particularly, when the processing target profile, profile information for the analysis of body form and synthetic be very important.Be used to represent that traditional coding method of profile information is a kind of chain code technology.Though there be not losing of profile information,, the chain code method needs a large amount of bits.
For this reason, the several different methods of the contour approximation of target is proposed out, for example polygonal approximation and B-spline approximation method.One of its shortcoming is that contour image represents coarse in the polygonal approximation method.B-spline approximation method can be represented contour image antithesis more accurately, but it needs higher order polynomial to reduce approximate error, has increased the overall computation complexity of video encoder thus.
A kind of technology of introducing for the objective contour that improves polygon and B-spline approximation method represents coarse and overall computation complexity problem is to adopt the method for the contour approximation of discrete sine transform (DST).
Pending trial U.S. Patent application same holder: 08/423, in No. 604 (by name " being used for representing the contour approximation apparatus of objective contour ") in disclosed a kind of device that adopts based on the contour approximation technology of polygonal approximation and DST, determine some summits and by using polygonal approximation to be similar to objective contour with the straightway adapted curvature.And, each straightway is chosen N sample point and order computation goes out to be positioned at each approximate error of N sample point on each straightway each straightway is obtained one group of approximate error.This N each straightway of sample point five equilibrium and each approximate error are represented each point of N sample point and the distance between profile.Afterwards, respectively organize the DST coefficient by on each group approximate error, carrying out one dimension DST operation generation.
Although may revise the coarse expression and the complexity of overall calculation based on the contour approximation of above-mentioned DST,, thereby caused the increase of transmitted data amount because the DST coefficient of every frame all must be sent out by using.
Therefore, main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of device of profile of the improved target that is used to encode, and it can reduce data quantity transmitted by using the summit motion estimation technique.
According to the present invention, provide a kind of being used for that the profile of the target expressed with digital video signal is carried out apparatus for encoding, this digital video signal has a plurality of frames that comprise a present frame and a previous frame, this device includes: one first profile detector, the border that is used to detect the previous frame internal object to be to generate a first front profile, and the previous boundary information of the profile that is used for describing the previous frame target wherein should elder generation's front profile be provided; One polygonal approximation part, be used for some summits on definite first front profile, and be used for by by the adaptive polygonal approximation that this elder generation's front profile should elder generation's front profile be provided of many first straightways, thereby generate the vertex information of vertex position on this elder generation's front profile of expression, each first straightway connects two adjacent summits; One first sampling and error detector, be used to each first straightway that N sample point is provided and think that respectively first straightway produces first grouping error for every some error of calculation of N sample point on each first straightway, wherein said N sample point five equilibrium respectively each error in first straightway and this first grouping error represented distance between every of a described N sample point and this elder generation's front profile; One first translation circuit is used for this first grouping error of each first straightway is transformed into first group of discrete sine transform coefficient; One second profile detector, front profile is worked as to generate one in the border that is used to detect the present frame internal object, and wherein deserving front profile provide the current boundary information that is used for describing the present frame objective contour; One summit predicting unit, be used for based on the estimation that reaches by the use vertex information from the motion between the current and previous frame of the current boundary information of working as front profile, thereby the summit of detecting prediction provides the vertex information and the motion vector of prediction, the vertex information of this prediction to represent displacement between the position on the summit of predicting and summit that this motion vector is represented a summit and its corresponding prediction; One second sampling and error detector, be used to each second straightway that connects two prediction summits that N sample point is provided and think that for every of N sample point on each second straightway calculates an error each second straightway produces one second grouping error, wherein said N sample point five equilibrium respectively second straightway and respectively each error in second grouping error represent every of a described N sample point and should front profile between distance; One second translation circuit is used for this second grouping error of each second straightway is transformed into one second group of discrete sine transform coefficient; One subtracter is used for generating one group of difference by deducting second group of discrete sine transform coefficient from first group of discrete sine transform coefficient; One quantizer is used for converting this group difference to one group of difference that quantizes; And a contour encoding device, be used for difference and this motion vector that this group quantizes are encoded.
From below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing description of preferred embodiments, above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention and special card will become obviously, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 has provided the block diagram that is used for a device of encoding controur of object according to of the present invention;
Fig. 2 has provided the more detailed block diagram of the summit predicting unit shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 A to 3C has illustrated the exemplary polygonal approximation processing of objective contour; And
Fig. 4 A and 4B show exemplary diagram, the error between its corresponding outline line of a straightway on each figure expression connection two summit.
With reference to Fig. 1, show the block diagram of apparatus of the present invention that the profile that is used for target that a vision signal is expressed encodes.One input digital video signal as current frame signal is fed to the second profile detector 113 and summit predicting unit 115 by line L10; And be stored in the frame memory 100 as prior frame signal, this frame memory 100 is connected with the first profile detector 103 and summit predicting unit 115 by line L20.
The first profile detector 103 detects the border or the profile of a target in the previous frame that frame memory 100 takes out and generates a first front profile, wherein should elder generation's front profile provide the previous boundary information that is used for describing the previous frame objective contour, described previous boundary information comprises the position data of the pixel of the object boundary in the previous frame.This outline data of representing the profile of this target is provided from the first profile detector 103 to the polygonal approximation part 105 and first sampling and the error detector 107.
In polygonal approximation part 105, this elder generation's front profile is similar to by a polygonal approximation technology.The polygonal approximation of this target shape obtains by using the traditional approximate data by many adaptive these profiles of straightway.
With reference to Fig. 3 A to 3C, it shows according to the line segment processing procedure of polygonal approximation technology to an exemplary first front profile 10.
At first, choose two initial vertexs, if first front profile is an open loop shape, then choose two end points, for example A shown in Fig. 2 A and B are as the initial vertex, on the other hand, if first front profile is a closed loop, then choose on the profile two points farthest as the initial vertex.Then, determine the solstics of the distance one line segment AB on the profile, if line segment AB and this solstics, when for example the distance D max between the C point was greater than a predetermined threshold, this C just became a summit.This process repeat until for the described Dmax of each line segment less than predetermined threshold value till.
The number on summit depends on predetermined threshold value.See as Fig. 3 A to 3C, utilize less predetermined threshold value, it is more accurate to represent that by line segment variable contour gets, and its cost is to have reduced code efficiency.
Return again with reference to Fig. 1, represent that the vertex information of the position of the summit of determining of first front profile 10 such as A, B, C, D and E offers first sampling and error detector 107 and the summit predicting unit 115 by polygonal approximation part 105 by line L40.This first sampling and error detector 107 are chosen N sample point for each straightway and are calculated a approximate error on the each point of N sample point on each straightway based on this vertex information and previous outline data; This approximate error to the first discrete sine transform (DST) circuit 109 is provided, each straightway between this N sample point five equilibrium two summit wherein, N is an integer, this approximate error represents to connect the distance between the outline line between the straightway on two summits and this two summit.
Fig. 4 A and 4B have illustrated the exemplary patterns of approximate error between expression straightway and the corresponding outline line, and wherein Fig. 4 A has described approximate error between straightway AD and its respective wheel profile and Fig. 4 B and shown approximate error between straightway DC and its respective wheel profile.Each error d1 to d4 or d1 ' each sample point S1 to S4 or the distance of each the sample point S1 ' on the straightway DC to d4 ' the expression straightway AD to S4 ' to the respective wheel profile.As among Fig. 4 A and the 4B see that the error on summit all is " zero " because all summits all are positioned on the profile.
The approximate error that calculates by first sampling and error detector 107 is provided for a DST circuit 109.The one DST circuit 109 is carried out one dimension DST operation and is generated one first group of DST coefficient and gives subtracter 123 on each group approximate error, the described approximate error of respectively organizing comprises N the sample point of each straightway and the error on two summits.
Simultaneously, the second profile detector 113 is carried out and the first profile detector, 103 identical functions, delivers to the summit predicting unit 115 and second sampling and the error detector 117 thereby generate one as front profile and warp L30.Promptly, this second profile detector 113 detects as current frame signal and offers the object boundary in its input digital video signal and generate or determine to work as front profile, wherein deserving front profile provide the current boundary information that is used for describing the present frame object boundary, and described current boundary information comprises the position data of the pixel of object boundary in the present frame.
In summit predicting unit 115, this input digital video signal on the line L10, it is current frame signal, prior frame signal on the online L20 of frame memory 100 taking-ups, upward upward reach the motion vector on this summit to line L60 to line L50 from the current outline data on the second profile detector, the 113 online L30 and from polygonal approximation part 105 online L40 by the processed vertex information in summit that vertex information is represented with generation forecast, wherein the vertex information of this prediction is represented the displacement between the position on the summit of predicting and the summit that this motion vector is represented this summit and prediction, and the details of summit predicting unit 115 is described with reference to Fig. 2.
After having detected the motion vector on all summits, the summit of this prediction and motion vector are provided for the contour encoding device 129 and second sampling and the error detector 117 respectively by line L50 and L60, second sampling and error detector 117 are sampled and error detector 107 identical functions with first based on the vertex information of the prediction of the vertex position of representing prediction and from the current outline data execution on the second profile detector, the 113 online L30, thereby provide each approximate error that group is predicted to the 2nd DST circuit 119.That is, this second sampling and error detector 117 are chosen N sample point and are calculated the approximate error of the prediction of the each point of N sample point on each straightway based on vertex information and the current outline data predicted on each straightway on the summit that connects two predictions; The approximate error that this prediction is provided is to the 2nd DST circuit 119, wherein each straightway between the summit of this N sample point five equilibrium two predictions.The approximate error of this prediction represents to connect the distance between the front profile worked as between the summit of a straightway and this two predictions between the summits of two predictions.The 2nd DST circuit 119 is carried out and a DST circuit 109 identical functions, gives subtracter 123 thereby generate one second group of DST coefficient.
Subtracter 123 deducts second group of DST coefficient and provides therebetween one group of difference to quantizer 125 from corresponding first group of DST coefficient.Quantizer 125 quantizes this group difference and is for further processing to contour encoding device 129 so that one group of difference that quantizes to be provided.
At contour encoding device 129, for example by using the binary arithmetic sign indicating number of JPEG (joint photographic experts group), the difference that this group quantizes is with being encoded from the motion vector on the summit predicting unit 115 online L60.This comprises that the coded digital signal of the difference of quantification of coding and motion vector is transmitted to a transmitter (not shown) and is sent out.
Referring now to Fig. 2, provided the more detailed block diagram of the summit predicting unit 115 shown in Fig. 1, be used to illustrate the summit prediction processing.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the motion vector on summit is detected, and wherein each motion vector represents to be called in the summit and present frame in the previous frame displacement between base between the pixel the most similar to it on summit of prediction.Motion vector between the summit of detecting summit and prediction has adopted block matching algorithm.
As shown in Figure 2, vertex information offers the summit piece from polygonal approximation part 105 warp L40 and forms part 210.Form part 210 at the summit piece, the heart therein of previous frame has a summit piece on each summit, just taken out and offer summit motion vector detection 230 as the piece of 5 * 5 pixels from frame memory 100 warp L20.
Simultaneously, the input digital video signal as current frame signal on the line L10 is fed to and also is fed to candidate blocks generating portion 220 when front profile on candidate blocks generating portion 220 and the line L30.This candidate blocks generating portion 220 is determined a common bigger field of search of present frame and generates more than one the identical candidate blocks of size to give summit motion vector detection 230.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the field of search that is determined in present frame comprises the pixel of predetermined number in the neighborhood of front profile, and these candidate blocks are selected to make its center pixel for forming the rope that resembles when the part of front profile, thereby the summit of prediction is placed on front profile.
At summit motion vector detection 230, after the similar calculating in finishing summit piece and the field of search from candidate blocks generating portion 220 between each piece of included a plurality of candidate blocks, the motion vector that forms each summit piece of part 210 from the summit piece is determined.The motion vector of the summit piece that should determine is designated as the motion vector on the summit that comprises in the piece of summit.Afterwards, the vertex information of the motion vector on this summit and prediction is generated respectively to line L60 and L50.
Therefore, as mentioned above, the present invention is by transmitting the amount that difference between first and second group DST coefficient can reduce the transmission data of the objective contour of expressing in the expression vision signal substantially.
Though the present invention makes description to certain embodiments, obviously for ripe anxious those skilled in the art, under the situation that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention defined in following claims, can make various variations and remodeling.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of being used for carried out apparatus for encoding to the profile of the target expressed with digital video signal, and this digital video signal has a plurality of frames that comprise a present frame and a previous frame, and this code device includes:
The first profile checkout gear is used to detect previous frame internal object border to generate a first front profile, wherein should elder generation's front profile provide the previous boundary information that is used for describing the previous frame objective contour;
Be used for determining the device on a plurality of summits on the first front profile;
Be used for by by a plurality of first straightways adaptive should elder generation's front profile so that the polygonal approximation of this elder generation's front profile to be provided, thereby generate the device of the vertex information of vertex position on this elder generation's front profile of expression, each first straightway connects two adjacent summits;
First device, be used to each first straightway N sample point to be provided and to think each first straightway for every some error of calculation of N sample point on each first straightway and produce first grouping error, each error in wherein said N each first straightway of sample point five equilibrium and this first grouping error is represented the each point of a described N sample point and the distance between this elder generation's front profile;
First converting means is used for this first grouping error of each first straightway is transformed into first group of discrete sine transform coefficient;
The second profile checkout gear, front profile is worked as to generate one in the border that is used to detect the present frame internal object, and wherein deserving front profile provide the current boundary information that is used for describing the present frame objective contour;
Be used for based on the estimation that reaches by the use vertex information from the motion between the current and previous frame of the current boundary information of working as front profile, thereby the summit of detecting prediction provides the summit of prediction and the device of motion vector, and the vertex information of this prediction is represented the displacement between the position on the summit of predicting and summit that each motion vector is represented a summit and its corresponding prediction;
Second device, be used to each second straightway that connects two prediction summits that N sample point is provided and think that for every of N sample point on each second straightway calculates an error each second straightway produces one second grouping error, wherein said N sample point five equilibrium respectively each error in second straightway and this second grouping error represent every of a described N sample point and should front profile between distance;
Second converting means is used for this second grouping error of each second straightway is transformed into one second group of discrete sine transform coefficient;
Be used for by deducting the device that second group of discrete sine transform coefficient generates one group of difference from corresponding first group of discrete sine transform coefficient;
Be used for organizing the device that difference converts one group of difference that quantizes to, and
Be used for difference and this motion vector that this group quantizes are carried out apparatus for encoding.
2, code device according to claim 1, thus the summit of wherein said detection prediction provides the summit of prediction and the device of motion vector to comprise:
Be used for based on the device of vertex information generation from the summit of previous frame piece, each summit piece has a summit at the center;
The device that is used for determining a field of search of present frame and generates the identical candidate blocks of a plurality of sizes from this field of search, each candidate blocks are selected so that its center pixel is the pixel of formation when a front profile part; And
Be used for by carry out a block matching algorithm between each piece of summit piece and a plurality of candidate blocks, the summit of detecting prediction is with the device of the motion vector of displacement between the summit of the vertex information of the prediction of the vertex position that generates the expression prediction and expression summit and prediction.
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| CN95116955A CN1062701C (en) | 1995-09-12 | 1995-09-12 | Apparatus for encoding controur of object |
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| CN95116955A CN1062701C (en) | 1995-09-12 | 1995-09-12 | Apparatus for encoding controur of object |
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| CN1062701C true CN1062701C (en) | 2001-02-28 |
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| KR100732958B1 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2007-06-27 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding icosahedron panorama image |
| CN102484725B (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2014-04-23 | 北京视博云科技有限公司 | Method for cyclically sampling, method and device for image displaying |
| CN104602025B (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2018-11-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | The method and apparatus for handling image |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5295201A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1994-03-15 | Nec Corporation | Arrangement of encoding motion image signals using motion compensation and orthogonal transformation |
| CN1131868A (en) * | 1995-03-18 | 1996-09-25 | 大宇电子株式会社 | Contour approximation apparatus for representing contour of object |
| CN1135147A (en) * | 1995-04-29 | 1996-11-06 | 大宇电子株式会社 | Method for encoding video signal using feature point based motion estimation |
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1995
- 1995-09-12 CN CN95116955A patent/CN1062701C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5295201A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1994-03-15 | Nec Corporation | Arrangement of encoding motion image signals using motion compensation and orthogonal transformation |
| CN1131868A (en) * | 1995-03-18 | 1996-09-25 | 大宇电子株式会社 | Contour approximation apparatus for representing contour of object |
| CN1135147A (en) * | 1995-04-29 | 1996-11-06 | 大宇电子株式会社 | Method for encoding video signal using feature point based motion estimation |
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