A kind of electro plasticity cross wedge rolling machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cross wedge rolling machine.
Background technology
Wedge rolling is a kind of widely used Metal Forming method, is the main processing of multidiameter class machine components
Method.Cross wedge rolling technique is a kind of Machining of Shaft-type Parts new technology grown up nearest decades, and it is to utilize two to be contained in
Wedge shape mould on rotating Vortex roll, makes blank produce continuous and local deformation, is finally rolled into the various steps of wedge shape pass
Axle.This technology because having efficiently, material-saving, the feature such as energy-conservation and be widely used in the production of various band rotary body class part.
Rolling at normal temperatures, be generally understood as cold rolling, from the viewpoint of metallography, cold rolling and hot rolling boundary should be to tie again
Brilliant temperature is distinguished.The rolling being i.e. less than recrystallization temperature is cold rolling, is hot rolling higher than the rolling of recrystallization temperature.
Cross wedge rolling is based on hot rolling, and small-size product can also realize cold rolling.Hot rolling is anti-for deforming at normal temperatures
Power is big, and deformation difficulty still has again the metal material of excellent mechanical performances will be difficulty with cold rolling technique.Meanwhile, in heat
During rolling, rolled piece temperature is gradually lowered, and the resistance of deformation of material is gradually increased, and finally makes hot rolling cannot be carried out, and due to
During rolling, rolled piece temperature is difficult to uniformly, and surface is with the presence of reasons such as iron scales, and the dimensional accuracy of product and surface roughness are all
Not as cold-rolled products, the superperformances such as such as magnesium alloy has light weight, and carrying is big, and intensity is high, but deformability is poor, processing
Difficult forming, when temperature is less than 225 DEG C, easy embrittlement, it is difficult to carry out Plastic Forming processing, when temperature is higher than 225 DEG C, mould
Property can be greatly improved, and in actual high temperature production, magnesium alloy oxidation easily oxidation, after processing, product surface quality is low.
Electro plastic effect is material under the effect (including the electricity irritation such as electron irradiation, electric field, current impulse) of electricity, becomes
A kind of phenomenon that shape drag reduces, plasticity increases.Electroplastic processing is kind of a novel process technology, is to become at common metal
The shape course of processing imposes the high energy pulse electric current material to being processed and carries out electricity irritation, or the most afterwards metal is carried out
Process, to obtain excellent machinability and comprehensive mechanical performance.Electro plastic effect can effectively reduce rolling load, raising
Roll rear plastic deformation, the quality improving metal material and structural state.It is contemplated that, at special alloy steel, electrical sheet, high-strength steel
Deng the rolling aspect of difficult rolled material, good application prospect will be there is.After applying rational pulse current, can significantly carry
The plastic deformation ability of high material, improves its processing characteristics, and can save firing equipment, saves the energy, reduces technique, it is possible to
Significantly improve production efficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide that a kind of equipment is simple, rational in infrastructure, working (machining) efficiency is high, production cost is low, can
Carry out difficult deformation or the electro plasticity cross wedge rolling machine of inductile material wedge rolling at normal temperatures.
Radially guiding mechanism, frame, roller system, guide agency, Electroplastic device, the end are the invention mainly comprises
Seat, the pulse power, connecting rod, top chock, taper roll bearing A, step, taper roll bearing B, end cap, pressure spiral shell
Silk and screw box.
Wherein, base is hollow housing, is bolted to connection two frames on the top of base.Frame is rectangle
Framework, is preferably bolted four connecting rods between two frames.Radially guiding mechanism it is provided with on the top of frame.Footpath
Using Worm Wheel System to guiding mechanism, handwheel is connected with worm screw, is connected by shaft coupling between two worm screws, worm screw and snail
Wheel engages each other.Left guide plate and right guide plate it is respectively equipped with, the structure phase of left guide plate and right guide plate between the sidewall of two frames
With.Left guide plate is made up of fixed plate, adjustment plate and gripper shoe, and fixed plate is rectangular flat plate, and the two ends of fixed plate are the most upwards prolonged
Stretching, the two ends of fixed plate are provided with strip through-hole.Fixing connection gripper shoe on the inwall of fixed plate, gripper shoe is mutual with fixed plate
Vertically, fixing connecting bolt on the top of gripper shoe, the bolt in gripper shoe is plugged in the strip through-hole on adjustment plate top, adjusts
Imposite is placed in the top of gripper shoe, scribbles insulating coating on the surface of adjustment plate.One group is fixed respectively in the inside of each frame
Bearing block, is top chock and step the most respectively.Corresponding top chock and step are respectively equipped with
The hole of mounted roller system, is respectively equipped with roller system between two top chocks and between two steps, is respectively and rolls
Roller roller system and bottom roll roller system, topping roll roller system is identical with the structure of bottom roll roller system.Roller system is by roll mandrel, wedge-shaped die
Tool and insulated bolt form, and scribble coatings and form insulating coating on the surface of roll roller core.Roll mandrel is provided with
Some T-slot, wedge shape mould is located in the T-slot on roll mandrel by insulated bolt.Interior part at each top chock
Not being provided with one group of taper roll bearing symmetrical side by side, the axle journal of topping roll roller system is placed in the taper roll bearing A of top chock
In, the two ends of the roll roller core of topping roll roller system extend respectively to the outside of top chock.The interior part of bearing block in each of the lower
Not being provided with one group of taper roll bearing symmetrical side by side, the axle journal of bottom roll roller system is placed in the taper roll bearing B of step
In, the two ends of the roll roller core of bottom roll roller system extend respectively to the outside of step.End cap is fixing respectively is located at upper bearing (metal)
Seat and the outside of step.Hand wheel rotating, drives worm gear wheel by worm screw, and worm gear is made by bonded drive housing screw
Rotate, move up and down with the realization that coordinates of the screw box on top chock.Electro plasticity device is by conductive ring, band circular arc conduction
Rod, insulating pad, rectangular conductive plate, insulated bolt form.On the outer wall of conductive ring, fixing connection rectangular conductive plate, leads at rectangle
Fixing connection binding post on electroplax, rectangular conductive plate is provided with four through holes, and conductive ring is enclosed within the axle journal of roll mandrel, and leads
Electricity snare does not contacts with roll mandrel.Insulating pad is square plate, is provided with through hole on insulating pad, leading on insulating pad
Hole is corresponding with the through hole on rectangular conductive plate, connects by insulated bolt is fixing between insulating pad and rectangular conductive plate, and
Being fixed on the inner side of frame, insulating pad is placed between frame and rectangular conductive plate.One end with circular arc contact rod is arc end,
Arc end is flexibly connected with the inwall of conductive ring, and the other end of band circular arc contact rod is provided with through hole, by the insulation of wedge shape mould
Bolt, band circular arc contact rod is fixed in the T-slot on roll mandrel.The positive pole of the pulse power is connected to the electricity of topping roll roller system
On the binding post of plastic device, on the binding post of the electro plasticity device that the negative pole of the pulse power is connected to bottom roll roller system, electric current
From the beginning of pulse power positive pole, sequentially pass through the rectangular conductive plate of electro plasticity device of topping roll roller system, conductive ring, band circular arc are led
Torch, wedge shape mould, rolled piece, through the band circular arc contact rod of electro plasticity device of bottom roll roller system, conductive ring, rectangular conductive
Plate, eventually passes back to the negative pole of the pulse power, constitutes loop.The pulse frequency of pulse current between 100-1500Hz, electric current
Density amplitude is greater than 500A/mm2, and pulse width is 10-200 μ s.
Work process of the present invention is approximately as rolled piece (diameter not should be greater than 40mm, and greatest length is not to be exceeded 400mm) quilt
Sending between guide plate, it is suitable that the spacing being arranged between the wedge shape mould up and down on roll mandrel adjusts in advance to needed for work
Numerical value, top and bottom rolls rotates and drives wedge shape mould and band circular arc contact rod to rotate, band circular arc contact rod be enclosed within roll mandrel
Conductive ring contact all the time, after the wedge shape mould on top and bottom rolls wedges rolled piece simultaneously, rubbing bar reversely rotates, and
Gradually molding under the effect of wedge shape mould;In whole work process, the pulse current that the pulse power provides is by the pulse power just
Set out in pole, via with the top electro plasticity device of the miscellaneous part such as frame insulation, rolled piece, bottom electro plasticity device, be then refluxed for
To the negative pole of the pulse power, having pulse current to pass through in the whole operation of rolling inside rolled piece all the time, electro plasticity effect runs through whole
Work process.The insulation of described cross wedge rolling machine relates to, and makes in whole work process, and pulse current only conducts electricity through electro plasticity device
Part, with SI semi-insulations such as frame, roll mandrel, guide agencies, it is ensured that the parts such as frame are not charged, thus reach safe life
The purpose produced, and other parts of cross wedge rolling machine will not be produced impact.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, the present invention has been greatly improved the wedge rolling equipment of routine, mainly adds Electroplastic process technology,
The metal material making difficult deformation makes to save heating process at wedge rolling, improves working condition, also eliminates simultaneously and add hot charging
The optional equipment such as put, reduce production cost, improve work efficiency.
2, the application of Electroplastic process technology, the resistance of deformation of the rolled piece of reduction, improve the mechanics such as plasticity and toughness
Performance, the course of processing is carried out at normal temperatures simultaneously, and the oxidative phenomena of the surface of the work after processing greatly reduces, the surface after processing
Quality is also far superior to hot rolling.
3, the present invention transforms in conventional two-roll cross wedge rolling machine, reasonable in design, and simple in construction is time saving and energy saving, it is not necessary to add
Hot equipment, easily operates, rolling that plasticity under room temperature is poor, the difficult deformable metal of resistance of deformation time have positive effect, particularly suitable
In the processing of the room temperature difficulty deformable metal material such as multiple steel alloy and magnesium alloy, by guide plate and adjustment radially guiding mechanism, change
Become the distance between wedge shape mould and left and right guide plate, the wedge rolling of different size metal or alloy bar can be carried out.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is section view schematic perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of parts of the present invention radially guiding mechanism;
Fig. 4 is the schematic perspective view of parts left and right of the present invention guide plate;
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional scheme of installation between parts electro plasticity device of the present invention and roll mandrel;
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of parts electro plasticity device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view of insulating pad of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic perspective view of zone circle conductive plate of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of band circular arc contact rod of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view of taper roll bearing of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic perspective view of end cap of the present invention;
In figure: 1-radially guiding mechanism, 1-1 handwheel, 1-2 shaft coupling, 1-3 worm gear, 1-4 worm screw, 2-frame, 3-roller
System, 3-1 roll mandrel, 3-2 wedge shape mould, 3-3 insulated bolt, 4 guide agencies, 4-1 fixed plate, 4-2 adjustment plate, 4-3 supports
Plate, 5-Electroplastic device, 5-1 conductive ring, 5-2 band circular arc contact rod, 5-3 insulating pad, 5-4 rectangular conductive plate, 5-5 insulate
Bolt, 5-6 binding post, 6-base, the 7-pulse power, 8-connecting rod, 9-top chock, 10-taper roll bearing A, axle under 11-
Bearing, 12-taper roll bearing B, 13-end cap, 14-housing screw, 15-screw box.
Detailed description of the invention
In the schematic diagram of the electro plasticity cross wedge rolling machine shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, base 6 is hollow housing, the end of at
The top of seat is bolted to connection two frames 2.Frame is rectangle framework, is bolted between two frames
Four connecting rods 8.Radially guiding mechanism 1 it is provided with on the top of frame.Radially guiding mechanism uses Worm Wheel System, handwheel 1-
1 is connected with worm screw 1-4, is connected by shaft coupling 1-2 between two worm screws, and worm and wheel 1-3 engages each other.Two frames
Sidewall between be respectively equipped with left guide plate and right guide plate, left guide plate is identical with the structure of right guide plate.Left guide plate by fixed plate 4-1,
Adjustment plate 4-2 and gripper shoe 4-3 composition, fixed plate is rectangular flat plate, and the two ends of fixed plate all upwardly extend, the two of fixed plate
End is provided with strip through-hole.Fixing connection gripper shoe on the inwall of fixed plate, gripper shoe is mutually perpendicular to fixed plate, in gripper shoe
Top fix connecting bolt, the bolt in gripper shoe is plugged in the strip through-hole on adjustment plate top, and adjustment plate is placed in support
The top of plate, scribbles insulating coating on the surface of adjustment plate.One group of bearing block is fixed respectively, from up in the inside of each frame
Lower is top chock 9 and step 11 respectively.It is respectively equipped with between two top chocks and between two steps and rolls
Roller system of roller roller system 3, respectively topping roll roller system and bottom roll, topping roll roller system is identical with the structure of bottom roll roller system.Roller
System is made up of roll mandrel 3-1, wedge shape mould 3-2 and insulated bolt 3-3, scribbles coatings shape on the surface of roll roller core
Become insulating coating.Being provided with T-slot on roll mandrel, wedge shape mould is located in the T-slot on roll mandrel by insulated bolt.
Top chock 9 is placed in frame internal upper part, is respectively equipped with one group of taper roller axle symmetrical side by side in the inside of each top chock
Holding A10, the axle journal of topping roll roller system is placed in the taper roll bearing of top chock, the two ends of the roll roller core of topping roll roller system
Extend respectively to the outside of top chock.Step 11 is placed in bottom in frame, and the inside of bearing block sets respectively in each of the lower
Having one group of taper roll bearing B12 symmetrical side by side, the axle journal of bottom roll roller system is placed in the taper roll bearing of step,
The two ends of the roll roller core of bottom roll roller system extend respectively to the outside of step.End cap 13 is fixing respectively is located at top chock
Outside with step.Hand wheel rotating, drives worm gear wheel by worm screw, and worm gear is made by bonded drive housing screw 14
Rotate, move up and down with the realization that coordinates of the screw box 15 on top chock.
In the schematic diagram of the electro plasticity cross wedge rolling machine shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, electro plasticity device 5 is by leading
Electricity circle, band circular arc contact rod, insulating pad, rectangular conductive plate, insulated bolt composition.Fixing connection on the outer wall of conductive ring 5-1
Rectangular conductive plate 5-4, fixing connection binding post 5-6 on rectangular conductive plate, rectangular conductive plate is provided with four through holes, conductive ring
It is enclosed within the axle journal of roll mandrel, and conduction snare does not contacts with roll mandrel.Insulating pad 5-3 is square plate, in insulation
Backing plate is provided with through hole, and the through hole on insulating pad is corresponding with the through hole on rectangular conductive plate, insulating pad and rectangular conductive
Connecting by insulated bolt 5-5 is fixing between plate, and be fixed on the inner side of frame, insulating pad is placed in frame and rectangular conductive plate
Between.One end with circular arc contact rod 5-2 is arc end, and arc end is flexibly connected with the inwall of conductive ring, band circular arc contact rod
The other end be provided with through hole, by the insulated bolt of wedge shape mould, band circular arc contact rod is fixed on the T-slot on roll mandrel
In.On the binding post of the electro plasticity device that the positive pole of the pulse power 7 is connected to topping roll roller system, the negative pole of the pulse power is connected to
On the binding post of the electro plasticity device of bottom roll roller system, electric current, from the beginning of pulse power positive pole, sequentially passes through topping roll roller system
The rectangular conductive plate of electro plasticity device, conductive ring, band circular arc contact rod, wedge shape mould, rolled piece, the electricity through bottom roll roller system is moulded
Property the band circular arc contact rod of device, conductive ring, rectangular conductive plate, eventually pass back to the negative pole of the pulse power, constitute loop.Pulse electricity
The pulse frequency of stream is between 100-1500Hz, and the density amplitude of electric current is greater than 500A/mm2, and pulse width is 10-200 μ s.
Before operation, regulation radially guiding mechanism 1, the distance between upper and lower wedge shape mould 3-2 is adjusted to desired value,
Rolled piece is sent between guide agency 4, the pulse power 7 input pulse electric current, flows through rolled piece, starts cross wedge rolling machine, completes rolled piece
Molding.