CN106264670B

CN106264670B - Hob type arachnoid scissors

Info

Publication number: CN106264670B
Application number: CN201610762953.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江力; 俞文华
Original assignee: Hangzhou First Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Hangzhou First Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2016-08-29
Filing date: 2016-08-29
Publication date: 2019-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-29
Also published as: CN106264670A

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hob type arachnoid scissors, including dise knife, tubular shell and driving mechanism for rotating dise knife, housing forward end is equipped with the support block contacted with cerebral cortex, support block surface is equipped with smooth fillet, the blade cooperated for same dise knife is equipped between support block and shell, blade is bonded with dise knife；Support block is used to contact with meninx, the smooth fillet on surface is it is possible to prevente effectively from arachnoid cutter when cutting stabs meninx, amount of bleeding is reduced, dise knife rotation forms notch with blade, by pushing hob type arachnoid scissors to achieve the purpose that quick cutting-up using stress concentration effect.

Description

Hob type arachnoid scissors

Technical field

The present invention relates to surgical knife tools, it is a kind of hob type arachnoid scissors.

Background technique

With the development of Micro-neurosurgical technology, in the various neurosurgeries for needing to cut dura mater, as basis cranii is micro- In invasive procedures and the operation of Posterior fossa cerebellopontine angle, its smaller and smaller surgical procedure space of bone window for meeting surgical procedure demand is narrow It is small, and in current this kind of operation, usually after dura mater opening, prior to doing an osculum on arachnoid, it will be used by scope Surgical scissors protrude into one out of arachnoid osculum and cut arm, then press the handle of surgical scissors, to make to be equipped with blade Two cut arm and mutually suit and cut off arachnoid.However, due to existing surgical scissors to cut arm top more sharp, sharp, And the fluctuation of encephalic cerebrospinal fluid will cause spider web film location and be not fixed, so that easily scratching brain tissue or damage when opening arachnoid Important neural blood vessel under arachnoid causes brain surface to dampen, and important neural blood vessel is impaired, and surgical field of view is fuzzy, on the one hand needs It expends the time to stop blooding, rinses visual area, it is time-consuming and laborious；On the other hand security risk is also resulted in, postoperative intracranial hemorrhage is increased The generation of complication, and influence to restore in the future.It is analyzed according to standard literature meta, only the cerebellum contusion hair of Posterior fossa operation Raw rate is 11.3%, and the death rate is 0.6% (Chinese neurosurgery magazine meta statistics).

Secondly, needing to cooperate hold assembly, the arachnoid that will have been cut off using scope in the shear history of arachnoid It picks up, then a little is cut off by surgical scissors, whole process is relatively slow and all completes in scope, and efficiency is lower, medical care people Member spends more time and energy in arachnoid cutting, is unfavorable for the surgical procedure of subsequent key part.

Currently, application No. is a kind of 201420182386.8 dura mater scissors, including fixed blade body and fixed blade body The shears cutter hub that hingedly cooperates, first cut arm, and the first bottom end for cutting arm is fixed on the front end of fixed blade body, in movable scissors The front end of body, which is equipped with, to cut arm with first cuts that arm mutually suits second, cut arm and second first and cut at least one opposite face of arm On be provided with blade, first cut the one side that arm cuts arm towards second be it is upper, the first lower surface for cutting arm is plane, and first cuts arm Top is equipped with ball-shaped end.Its is simple and reasonable, can prevent from protruding into first in the dura mater osculum scratched first and cut arm thorn Hurt brain tissue in dura mater, and arachnoid and brain tissue below dura mater are pushed open by the first lower surface for cutting arm, brain group can be prevented It knits to squeeze out from dura mater crack and causes card pressure or necrosis, to avoid brain tissue from being damaged well；It can also make dura mater scissors clever Steering living, more convenient operation.

But its front arm body product is larger, is unfavorable for operating, and needs the biggish visual field, and hand in motion arm body easily The visual field is blocked, it is limited to lead to operation, and scissors has that amplitude of fluctuation is larger in its use process, therefore is not suitable for interior In the operation of the Microinvasive neurosurgeries such as sight glass.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention of the invention be easily meninx is stabbed or is cut in order to solve operation on cerebral meninges in cutting arachnoid and Caused bleeding problems provide a kind of hob type arachnoid scissors, first it is possible to prevente effectively from arachnoid cutter pair in cutting The damage of meninx, next effectively improves cutting efficiency, and integral elongated can cooperate with endoscope, is applied to Microinvasive neurosurgery In operation.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of hob type arachnoid scissors, packet Dise knife, tubular shell and the driving mechanism for rotating dise knife are included, the dise knife is located at the front end of shell, and housing forward end is equipped with same The support block of cerebral cortex contact, support block surface are equipped with smooth fillet, are equipped between the support block and shell and cooperate for same dise knife Blade, the blade is bonded with dise knife；The knife face of the blade is obliquely installed, and the lower end of blade face is located at support block upper surface Edge, the angle of blade face and dise knife knife face is less than 90 °.

Driving mechanism can be driven using manpower, manually pressed or rotated and drive to power on dise knife, or be passed through The rotations such as motor replace manpower.

Preferably, the knife face of the blade is in the arcuate structure being recessed inwardly.

Preferably, the driving mechanism uses motor driven.

Preferably, the driving mechanism includes drive mechanism, clamping structure, resets knot using driving, driving mechanism is pushed Structure pushes rotational structure；The pushing rotational structure includes screw rod, down-pressed pole and cylindrical lower lock block, the down-pressed pole Bottom is equipped with the cylindrical bellows chamber that moves up and down for lower lock block, the screw rod by polygonal cross-section along its axial torsion and At equipped with through slot in the middle part of the lower lock block, the through slot section is identical as screw rod section；The housing central section is equipped with can The mobile hollow chamber of down-pressed pole is accommodated, the resetting structure is between shell and down-pressed pole；The clamping structure includes two A pressure and clamping realize that the card access surface that lower lock block and down-pressed pole rotate synchronously, described two card access surfaces are located at lower lock block and telescopic cavity On two opposite surfaces of room；The dise knife is connected by drive mechanism with screw rod.

Preferably, the screw rod is formed by rectangular section along its axial torsion, the through slot section in the middle part of the lower lock block In rectangle.

Preferably, the card access surface is equipped with the flank of tooth, and the flank of tooth is arranged along lower lock block or the side wall uniform circular of bellows chamber.

Preferably, the resetting structure can be elastic component or the opposite magnet of homopolarity.

Preferably, the drive mechanism uses gear drive, and drive mechanism includes first gear, second gear and third tooth Wheel, the third gear are fixed on dise knife side, and the bottom of first gear and screw rod is fixed, and second gear is located at first gear It is engaged between third gear and with the two.

Preferably, the dise knife is the dise knife of saw-blade structure.

Compared with prior art, it using the hob type arachnoid scissors of above-mentioned technical proposal, has the following beneficial effects:

One, using hob type arachnoid scissors of the invention, dise knife matches to form a shear surface with blade, dise knife with The intersection of blade is notch, and for rotating dise knife, arachnoid passes through can quickly be rotated driving mechanism when notch Dise knife is cut.

Two, support block is used to contact with meninx, and the smooth fillet on surface is it is possible to prevente effectively from arachnoid cutter when cutting stabs Hurt meninx, reduces amount of bleeding.

Three, smooth support block cooperation blade face and angle of the dise knife knife face less than 90 °, can be on the arachnoid of incision Principle is concentrated using stress, arachnoid is quickly scratched by support block, arachnoid goes out quickly to be scratched in notch, effectively improves brain The efficiency of film operation, reduces the operating time of patient and doctor, reduces surgical procedure intensity.

Four, hob type arachnoid scissors is integrally in elongated tubulose, and endoscope can be cooperated to realize the nerve of minimally invasive micropore Surgical operation reduces surgical wound surface to greatest extent.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of hob type arachnoid scissors of the present invention；

Fig. 2 uses schematic diagram for hob type arachnoid scissors of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of hob type arachnoid scissors embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of hob type arachnoid scissors embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view in Fig. 4 at A (when down-pressed pole pushes)；

Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged view in Fig. 4 at A (when down-pressed pole is sprung back)；

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of driving mechanism in hob type arachnoid scissors embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of driving mechanism in hob type arachnoid scissors embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of clamping structure in hob type arachnoid scissors embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view of hob type arachnoid scissors embodiment 2 of the present invention；

Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of hob type arachnoid scissors of the present invention.

Appended drawing reference: 1, down-pressed pole；2, shell；20, blade；21, support block；3, dise knife；4, second gear；5, lower lock block； 50, through slot；51, card access surface；6, screw rod；60, first gear；71, upper magnetic patch；72, lower magnetic patch；8, motor；80, connecting shaft； 9, meninx；90, arachnoid.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Embodiment 1:

Hob type arachnoid scissors as shown in Figure 1 to 9, including dise knife 3, tubular shell 2 and drive for rotating dise knife 3 Motivation structure, dise knife 3 are located at the front end of shell 2, and 2 front end of shell is equipped with the support block 21 contacted with cerebral cortex, and 21 surface of support block is set There is smooth fillet, the blade 20 cooperated for same dise knife is equipped between support block 21 and shell 2, blade 20 is bonded with dise knife 3；Blade 20 knife face is obliquely installed, and the lower end of 20 knife face of blade is located at the edge of 21 upper surface of support block, 20 knife face of blade and 3 knife face of dise knife Angle less than 90 °.

Dise knife matches to form a shear surface with blade, and the intersection of dise knife and blade is notch, and driving mechanism is used In rotation dise knife, arachnoid passes through the dise knife that can be quickly rotated when notch and cuts, and is passed through later using the notch of incision Stress concentration phenomenon pushes hob type arachnoid scissors, and arachnoid can be scratched directly from incision, when similar to cutting cloth Promotion scissors can cut apart with a knife or scissors cloth along notch after only needing to cut off an osculum.

As shown in Fig. 2, the knife face of blade 20 is in the arcuate structure being recessed inwardly, arc or inclined blade can make to be supported The arachnoid that block lifts is moved upward to the incision of dise knife and blade, and the arc knife face of indent is advantageous in that: in incision Knife face is slightly intended to vertically, and it is more preferable to cut arachnoid effect to notch.

Driving mechanism in the present embodiment is driven using manual depression, and driving mechanism includes drive mechanism, clamping structure, answers Bit architecture pushes rotational structure；

As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, pushing rotational structure includes screw rod 6, down-pressed pole 1 and cylindrical lower lock block 5, down-pressed pole 1 Bottom be equipped with the cylindrical bellows chamber that moves up and down for lower lock block 5, screw rod 6 by polygonal cross-section along its axial torsion and At equipped with through slot 50 in the middle part of lower lock block 5,50 section of through slot is identical as 6 section of screw rod, and screw rod 6 can be in 50 inside spin of through slot It shuttles.By the pushing of lower lock block, screw rod is driven to rotate, so that the rotation of screw rod is transferred to dise knife position, makes dise knife Rotation.

Screw rod 6 is formed by rectangular section along its axial torsion, 50 rectangular in cross-section of through slot at 5 middle part of lower lock block.

The mobile hollow chamber of down-pressed pole 1 can be accommodated by being equipped in the middle part of shell 2, resetting structure be located at shell 2 and down-pressed pole 1 it Between；

Clamping structure includes two pressures and the card access surfaces 11,51 that lower lock block 5 and down-pressed pole 1 rotate synchronously are realized in clamping, and two A card access surface 11,51 is located on two surfaces opposite with bellows chamber of lower lock block 5；Dise knife 3 passes through drive mechanism and screw rod 6 It is connected.

Drive mechanism uses gear drive, and drive mechanism includes first gear 60, second gear 4 and third gear, third Gear is fixed on 3 side of dise knife, and first gear 60 and the bottom of screw rod 6 are fixed, and second gear 4 is located at first gear 60 and It is engaged between three gears and with the two.

Resetting structure can be elastic component or the opposite magnet of homopolarity, and resetting structure employed in the present embodiment is two groups The opposite magnet of magnetic pole is divided into magnetic patch 71 and lower magnetic patch 72.Fatigue can occur during use for spring, and spring is caused to become Shape reply volume is lower；Replace spring by magnet, it is possible to prevente effectively from it is deformed.

Card access surface is equipped with the flank of tooth, and the flank of tooth is arranged along lower lock block 5 or the side wall uniform circular of bellows chamber.

The running for pushing rotational structure is as follows:

1. pressing down-pressed pole 1, the bellows chamber of down-pressed pole 1 is docked with the clamping structure between lower lock block 5, the flank of tooth at two Mutual clamping presses through lower lock block 5 under since the helicoid of screw rod 6 has upward conflict power to the through slot of lower lock block 5 It no longer rotates in journey, two in resetting-mechanism magnet is compressed.

2. lower lock block 5 no longer rotates, and presses downward in screw rod 6, when screw rod 6 passes through the through slot 50 of lower lock block 5, hair Raw passive rotation.

3. screw rod 6 rotates, rotate the first gear 60 of its bottom, first gear 60 passes through second gear 4 and dise knife The third gear of side is meshed, and the transmitting of rotation is realized in dise knife rotation.

4. two magnetic patch mutually repel at this time, when down-pressed pole is when pressing power and withdrawing, magnetic patch resets.

5. lower lock block starts to move upwards, since the helicoid of screw rod makes down-pressed pole fit with upper magnetic patch 71, push Clamping structure between block and the bellows chamber of down-pressed pole 1 can not dock, and lower lock block is freely rotatable.

6. spiral is dry due to the resistance by the first, second, third gear with the movement and rotation of lower lock block, it is difficult to It rotates, and the rotation of lower lock block is then more easily, lower lock block is freely rotated and sets back；During this, dise knife is only Small size revolution occurs.

Since the present invention is the cutter for cooperating endoscope to be used in conjunction in use, the outer diameter of shell is standard 4mm。

Process is pressed by above-mentioned, once pressing can make dise knife towards blade rotation, as shown in arrow direction in Fig. 2 (rotating clockwise).After loosing one's grip, in the reset response of magnetic patch, down-pressed pole and lower lock block are popped up, and lower lock block is freely rotated, and spiral Bar is smaller by the effect amount of spin of gear.

Embodiment 2:

The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the driving mechanism in the present embodiment uses motor driven, and non-manual Push driving.

As shown in Figure 10, the electronic hob type arachnoid scissors in the present embodiment, including blade 20, dise knife 3, down-pressed pole 1, Motor 8, connecting shaft 80 and transmission mechanism.

Drive mechanism uses gear drive, and drive mechanism includes first gear 60, second gear 4 and third gear, third Gear is fixed on 3 side of dise knife, and first gear 60 and the bottom of connecting shaft 80 are fixed, and second gear 4 is located at 60 He of first gear It is engaged between third gear and with the two.

By pressing down-pressed pole 1,1 trigger switch of down-pressed pole is connected to power supply, rotates motor 8, is driven by connecting shaft 80 First gear 60 in drive mechanism rotates, and then rotation is transferred on dise knife by second gear 4 and third gear, drives Dise knife rotation, cuts arachnoid.

The present embodiment is not necessarily to manual actuation, is pressed by single i.e. openable with respect to embodiment 1, high degree of automation Motor makes dise knife continue to rotate, it is possible to prevente effectively from the vibration generated when pressing.

Electronic hob type arachnoid scissors is slided later, can quickly cut arachnoid.

The above makes the preferred embodiment of the present invention, does not depart from this hair for those of ordinary skill in the art Under the premise of bright principle, several variations and modifications can also be made, these also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of hob type arachnoid scissors, it is characterised in that: including dise knife (3), tubular shell (2) and for rotating dise knife (3) driving mechanism, the dise knife (3) are located at the front end of shell (2), and shell (2) front end is equipped with and supports with what cerebral cortex contacted Block (21), support block (21) surface are equipped with smooth fillet, equipped with cooperating for same dise knife between the support block (21) and shell (2) Blade (20), the blade (20) are bonded with dise knife (3)；

The knife face of the blade (20) is obliquely installed, and the lower end of blade (20) knife face is located at the edge of support block (21) upper surface, knife The angle of piece (20) knife face and dise knife (3) knife face is less than 90 °；

The driving mechanism includes drive mechanism, clamping structure, resetting structure, pushes rotation using driving, driving mechanism is pushed Structure；

The pushing rotational structure includes screw rod (6), down-pressed pole (1) and cylindrical lower lock block (5), the down-pressed pole (1) Bottom is equipped with the cylindrical bellows chamber moved up and down for lower lock block (5), and the screw rod (6) is by polygonal cross-section along its axial direction It reverses, through slot (50), through slot (50) section and screw rod (6) section phase is equipped in the middle part of the lower lock block (5) Together, screw rod (6) can shuttle in through slot (50) inside spin；

Down-pressed pole (1) mobile hollow chamber can be accommodated by being equipped in the middle part of the shell (2), and the resetting structure is located at shell (2) Between down-pressed pole (1)；

The clamping structure includes two pressures and clamping realize card access surfaces that lower lock block (5) and down-pressed pole (1) rotates synchronously (11, 51), described two card access surfaces (11,51) are located on lower lock block (5) two surfaces opposite with bellows chamber；

The dise knife (3) is connected by drive mechanism with screw rod (6).

2. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the knife face of the blade (20) is in inside The arcuate structure of recess.

3. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the driving mechanism uses motor Driving.

4. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the screw rod (6) is by rectangular section It is formed along its axial torsion, through slot (50) rectangular in cross-section in the middle part of the lower lock block (5).

5. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the card access surface is equipped with the flank of tooth, the flank of tooth It is arranged along lower lock block (5) or the side wall uniform circular of bellows chamber.

6. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the resetting structure can be elastic component Or the magnet (71,72) that homopolarity is opposite.

7. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the drive mechanism is passed using gear Dynamic, drive mechanism includes first gear (60), second gear (4) and third gear, and the third gear is fixed on dise knife (3) side Face, first gear (60) and the bottom of screw rod (6) are fixed, second gear (4) be located at first gear (60) and third gear it Between and engage with the two.

8. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dise knife (3) is saw-blade structure Dise knife.

9. hob type arachnoid scissors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: shell (2) outer diameter of the tubulose is 4mm。