CN106257542A - Method for visualizing based on digital earth and system - Google Patents

Method for visualizing based on digital earth and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106257542A
CN106257542A CN201610059989.2A CN201610059989A CN106257542A CN 106257542 A CN106257542 A CN 106257542A CN 201610059989 A CN201610059989 A CN 201610059989A CN 106257542 A CN106257542 A CN 106257542A
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statistical
visualization
symbol
statistical data
data
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郑显柱
杜家兴
何嘉武
朱连军
周泽云
童继凤
吴迪
李卫东
孙剑桥
岳宇辰
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Academy of Armored Forces Engineering of PLA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
    • G06T19/003—Navigation within 3D models or images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
    • G06F16/33—Querying
    • G06F16/338—Presentation of query results

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
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  • Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for visualizing based on digital earth and system.The method includes obtaining in data base needs visual statistical data；Obtain the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data；The visualization statistical symbol of each statistical data is obtained according to visualization key element quantity；Statistical symbol is utilized to generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol and carry out rendering visualization on digital earth.The method for visualizing based on digital earth that this device provides based on the present invention realizes.Acquired statistical data can be used above threedimensional model at digital earth and clearly show by the present invention, thus meets the actual requirements of support of army.

Description

Method for visualizing based on digital earth and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer realm, be specifically related to a kind of method for visualizing based on digital earth and system.
Background technology
Present stage occurs in that a lot of information systeies in Military Application field, these information system major parts are that data base based on existing information system carries out researching and developing, i.e. the information in data base is simply represented, and less to aspect researchs such as data merging, mining analysis, three-dimensional displays.Occur that the problems referred to above are in reason: one is the data-interface needing Development Finance various, sets up various interface service, wastes human and material resources and financial resources；Two is that the inexact data in each application system is easily caused the result inquiring mistake；Three is owing to Back ground Information is not unified, and each application system is respectively battalion, mutually independence, and inquiry system does not knows which application system to obtain corresponding Back ground Information from；Four is that system such as to be upgraded, and will design the amendment of every aspect, and this brings many inconvenience to upgrading, maintenance；Five is that inquiry mode is single, it is old to represent form, generally represents in the way of data statistics form, the most visual and clear.
Situation displaying aspect at home, it is leading that certain MGIS product calculating institute of China marks the aspect such as plotting, military market demand process in army, but its MGIS product line is based primarily upon two-dimensional stage, the most clear and intuitive when representing some situation, it is impossible to meet the actual requirements of support of army.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method for visualizing based on digital earth and system, at digital earth, acquired statistical data can be used above threedimensional model and clearly show, thus meets the actual requirements of support of army.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of method for visualizing based on digital earth, including:
Obtain in data base and need visual statistical data；
Obtain the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data；
The visualization statistical symbol of each statistical data is obtained according to visualization key element quantity；
Statistical symbol is utilized to generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol and carry out rendering visualization on digital earth.
Preferably, the described step according to the visualization statistical symbol of the visualization key element quantity each statistical data of acquisition includes:
Judge that visualization key element quantity is single key element or many key elements；
Statistical data disaggregated model is utilized to the classification of described statistical data or to utilize Statistical Data Classification model that described Statistical Data Classification is processed according to visualization factor data.
Preferably, one or more during described statistical data disaggregated model includes Hierarchical Clustering model, typical sample unit Clustering Model and Fuzzy Cluster Model.
Preferably, described Statistical Data Classification model includes cosine interpolation method, equal difference hierarchy model, geometric ratio hierarchy model, quantile hierarchy model, optimum segmentation hierarchy model and progressively one or more in pattern recognition hierarchy model.
Preferably, described utilize statistical symbol to generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol carrying out on digital earth to render visual step and include that using cosine interpolation method to realize classification color calculates:
In formula, F is initial color, and E is for terminating color, and n is classification number, MiIt is P for the position from F to EiGraduated colors, i=2 ..., n-1, Pi=(i-1)/(n-1), Pi∈[0,1]；FR、FG、FB、ER、EGAnd EBIt is decomposed into RGB component, M at rgb space for F and EiR、MiG、MiBFor graduated colors MiRGB component；TiFor the intermediate variable during normalization.
Preferably, described utilize statistical symbol to generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol carrying out on digital earth to render the size of this statistical symbol in visual step and meet following formula:
In formula, FiFor corresponding statistical data FiThe size of symbol dimension, FmaxFor the full-size of statistical symbol, FminFor the minimum dimension of statistical symbol, DmaxFor the maximum of statistical data, DminMinima for statistical data.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of visualization system based on digital earth, realizes based on method for visualizing mentioned above, and described system includes:
Statistical data acquiring unit, being used for obtaining in data base needs visual statistical data；
Key element number obtainment unit, for obtaining the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data；
Statistical symbol acquiring unit, for obtaining the visualization statistical symbol of each statistical data according to visualization key element quantity；
Statistical symbol signal generating unit, is used for utilizing above-mentioned statistical symbol generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol and carry out rendering visualization on digital earth.
Preferably, described statistical symbol acquiring unit includes judge module, this judge module specifically for:
Judge that visualization key element quantity is single key element or many key elements；
Statistical data disaggregated model is utilized to the classification of described statistical data or to utilize Statistical Data Classification model that described Statistical Data Classification is processed according to visualization factor data.
Preferably, described statistical symbol signal generating unit use cosine interpolation method realize classification color calculate:
Preferably, the size that described statistical symbol signal generating unit draws this statistical symbol meets following formula:
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention is according to the statistical symbol needing visual statistical magnitude to visualize factor data acquisition each and every one statistical data every；Statistical symbol is utilized to generate model compilation of statistics symbol.Acquired statistical data can be used above threedimensional model at digital earth and clearly show by the present invention, thus meets the actual requirements of support of army.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By being more clearly understood from the features and advantages of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is schematic and should not be construed as the present invention is carried out any restriction, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of based on digital earth the method for visualizing that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the visualization statistical symbol figure that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 3～Fig. 6 is the block diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 7～Fig. 8 is the cake chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 9 is the layered map that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Figure 10 is a kind of based on digital earth the visualization system block diagram that the present embodiment provides.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of method for visualizing based on digital earth, as it is shown in figure 1, include:
S1, acquisition data base need visual statistical data；
S2, obtain the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data；
S3, according to visualization key element quantity obtain each statistical data visualization statistical symbol；
S4, statistical symbol is utilized to generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol carry out rendering visualization on digital earth.
The each step of method for visualizing provided the embodiment of the present invention below elaborates.
First introduce S1, obtain the step needing visual statistical data in data base.
The actual requirements of support of fullness in the epigastrium and abdomen foot team of the present invention, need the statistical data gathered to include basic data and Methods on Multi-Sensors RS Image.Wherein, basic data includes: unit directory, equipment catalogue, equipment machine tool roll, equipment catalogue, document bibliography, factory's catalogue, equipment major subdivision, service life of equipment type standard, equipment repahs separation standard, matching equipment standard, war readiness materiel basis standard, equipment manufacturer's standard, equipment standard, support facility standard, terminology standard and tag library etc..Horizontal range, vertical dimension and the area etc. of any landform section can be obtained by this Methods on Multi-Sensors RS Image.
It should be noted that the present invention describe only several statistical data that may use, those skilled in the art can set required statistical data according to actual needs, and the present invention is not construed as limiting.
Next is introduced S2, obtains the step of the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data.
It should be noted that visualization key element refers to, the quantity of the variable that above-mentioned statistical data needs represent and kind.Such as, when statistical data is single key element, its visual variable can use shape, size or color (form and aspect, brightness, saturation), direction and transparency to be shown.When statistical data is many key elements, its visual variable can use size, shape and color to show.
Again, the step that S3 obtains the visualization statistical symbol of each statistical data according to visualization key element quantity is introduced.
In actual application, a statistical symbol frequently includes multiple visualization key element, is the spatial aggregation of visualization key element variable.When the visualization key element quantity of statistical data is single key element, when the most single key element is color, can be selected such as to classify the visualization statistical symbol of chromaticity diagram or classification chromaticity diagram, when single key element is size, can use the visualization statistical symbol of such as dot map.
When visualizing key element and including multiple, can select such as three-dimensional pie chart, D prism map or and combinations thereof the visualization statistical symbol of figure, as shown in Figure 2.
Finally, introduce S4, utilize statistical symbol generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol and carry out rendering visual step on digital earth.
In the embodiment of the present invention, visualization statistical symbol depends on the visualization key element of statistical data, it is therefore desirable to sets up model and calculates the occurrence visualizing key element in visualization statistical symbol, and then draws out the symbol such as size or color of each key element.
During the generation of visualization statistical symbol, the model that needs mainly has two kinds: one to be the classification hierarchy model of the model processing statistical data such as statistical data, referred to as data processing model；Another kind is based on the model of statistical data symbol plotting, referred to as symbol plotting model.
1, data processing model.Data processing model is the relationship feature of statistical data expressed with mathematical method.The design of data processing model and selection are based on drawing purpose.
Data processing model has multiple, is most commonly used that classification hierarchy model.In actual application, carry out cluster analysis according to diversity and the similarity of statistical data, it is achieved the classification to statistical data.According to classification as a result, it is possible to the geographical phenomenon in Regional Distribution is depicted as type map or zoning map such as agricultural regionalization figure, climate regionalization figure, division of economic zones figure etc..Data classification model mainly has Hierarchical Clustering model, typical sample unit Clustering Model, Fuzzy Cluster Model etc..
The quantitative data of statistical data is the data being in a discrete distribution, it is impossible to substantially, directly reflect phenomenon rule in spatial distribution and diversity, generally requires and data carry out statistical analysis, sets up data staging model, uses classification chromaticity diagram to represent them.The classification of statistical data mainly includes two aspects: the determination of classification number and the determination of gradational boundary.Classification to statistical data, increase rank, to represent geography information in further detail, therefore to make classification specifically on the premise of ensureing statistical data readability and regularity as far as possible；Need classification as much as possible to increase the readability of thematic maps, but the meticulous meeting of classification causes data discrete to increase thus hinders the regularity of distribution finding data, so again must limit grade.The main models of Statistical Data Classification includes equal difference hierarchy model, geometric ratio hierarchy model, quantile hierarchy model, optimum segmentation hierarchy model, progressively pattern recognition hierarchy model etc..
2, statistical symbol rendering model.The model that statistical symbol is mainly drawn by symbol plotting model according to the result of Random data processing, including the symbol dimension model drawing the size of statistical symbol and the colour model that can calculate classification color.
(1) symbol dimension model.When designing classification symbol, it is considered to the difference between classification symbol dimension, if difference crosses conference produces hopping sense, too small meeting makes rank deficient obvious.When data variation is little, in the embodiment of the present invention, the size of classification symbol is it suffices that with Linear Model with Side:
In formula, FiFor corresponding statistical data FiThe size of symbol dimension, FmaxFor the full-size of statistical symbol, FminFor the minimum dimension of statistical symbol, DmaxFor the maximum of statistical data, DminMinima for statistical data.
(2) colour model.Colour model is the color-grading algorithm for calculating Series grades color.The algorithm of color-grading is a lot, including linear interpolation, horizontal starting point interpolation method, horizontal end point interpolation method, horizontal mid-point interpolation method, linear the most slotting method, cosine interpolation method, tone interpolation method clockwise, tone interpolation method counterclockwise etc..Selecting cosine interpolation method in the embodiment of the present invention, the fade effect flatness of the method is preferable, it is possible to well express level data.
In formula, F is initial color, and E is for terminating color, and n is classification number, MiIt is P for the position from F to EiGraduated colors, i=2 ..., n-1, Pi=(i-1)/(n-1), Pi∈[0,1]；FR、FG、FB、ER、EGAnd EBIt is decomposed into RGB component, M at rgb space for F and EiR、MiG、MiBFor graduated colors MiRGB component；TiFor the intermediate variable during normalization.
According to above-mentioned model, the present invention depicts the block diagram as shown in Fig. 3～Fig. 6, the cake chart shown in Fig. 7～Fig. 8 and the classification shown in Fig. 9 and fills in colors on a sketch figure.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of visualization system based on digital earth, realizes based on method for visualizing mentioned above, and as shown in Figure 10, described system includes:
Statistical data acquiring unit, being used for obtaining in data base needs visual statistical data；
Key element number obtainment unit, for obtaining the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data；
Statistical symbol acquiring unit, for obtaining the visualization statistical symbol of each statistical data according to visualization key element quantity；
Statistical symbol signal generating unit, is used for utilizing above-mentioned statistical symbol generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol and carry out rendering visualization on digital earth.
Preferably, described statistical symbol acquiring unit includes judge module, this judge module specifically for:
Judge that visualization key element quantity is single key element or many key elements；
Statistical data disaggregated model is utilized to the classification of described statistical data or to utilize Statistical Data Classification model that described Statistical Data Classification is processed according to visualization factor data.
Preferably, described statistical symbol signal generating unit use cosine interpolation method realize classification color calculate:
Preferably, the size that described statistical symbol signal generating unit draws this statistical symbol meets following formula:
As seen from the above, the visualization system based on digital earth that the embodiment of the present invention provides realizes based on method for visualizing based on digital earth mentioned above, thus same technical problem can be solved, and obtain identical technique effect, this is no longer going to repeat them.
In sum, the method for visualizing based on digital earth of embodiment of the present invention offer and system, by the process to the visual mining of statistical data (some tables of data) with visualization technique means, using each contiguous items in data base as single pel element representation, substantial amounts of data set constitutes data image, each key element value of data is represented with the form of multidimensional data simultaneously, can observe from different dimensions, thus to ensure data carry out deeper into observation and analysis, quickly can identify from complicated guarantee data, extract and reside in internal panoramic relation and rule, strengthen the army accuracy of action decision and science in equipment Safeguard works.
In the present invention, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicate or hint relative importance.Term " multiple " refers to two or more, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.
Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, within the scope of such amendment and modification each fall within and be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a method for visualizing based on digital earth, it is characterised in that including:
Obtain in data base and need visual statistical data；
Obtain the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data；
The visualization statistical symbol of each statistical data is obtained according to visualization key element quantity；
Statistical symbol is utilized to generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol and on digital earth Carry out rendering visualization.
Method for visualizing the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to visualization The step of the visualization statistical symbol that key element quantity obtains each statistical data includes:
Judge that visualization key element quantity is single key element or many key elements；
Utilize statistical data disaggregated model that described statistical data is classified according to visualization factor data Or utilize Statistical Data Classification model that described Statistical Data Classification is processed.
Method for visualizing the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described statistical number Hierarchical Clustering model, typical sample unit Clustering Model and fuzzy clustering mould is included according to disaggregated model One or more in type.
Method for visualizing the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described statistical number Cosine interpolation method, equal difference hierarchy model, geometric ratio hierarchy model, quantile is included according to hierarchy model Hierarchy model, optimum segmentation hierarchy model and progressively the one in pattern recognition hierarchy model or Multiple.
Method for visualizing the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described utilization is united Meter symbol generates that modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol carrying out on digital earth renders can Step depending on changing includes that using cosine interpolation method to realize classification color calculates:
T i = ( 1 - c o s ( P i × π ) ) / 2 M i R = T i E R + ( 1 - T i ) F R M i G = T i E G + ( 1 - T i ) F G M i B = T i E B + ( 1 - T i ) F B ;
In formula, F is initial color, and E is for terminating color, and n is classification number, MiFor the position from F to E It is set to PiGraduated colors, i=2 ..., n-1, Pi=(i-1)/(n-1), Pi∈[0,1]；FR、FG、FB、 ER、EGAnd EBIt is decomposed into RGB component, M at rgb space for F and EiR、MiG、MiBFor Graduated colors MiRGB component；TiFor the intermediate variable during normalization.
6. according to the method for visualizing described in Claims 1 to 5 any one, it is characterised in that Described statistical symbol is utilized to generate modeling rendering above-mentioned visualization statistical symbol on digital earth Carry out rendering the size of this statistical symbol in visual step and meet following formula:
F i = F m i n + ( F m a x - F m i n ) * ( D i - D m i n ) D max - D min ;
In formula, FiFor corresponding statistical data FiThe size of symbol dimension, FmaxFor statistical symbol Large scale, FminFor the minimum dimension of statistical symbol, DmaxFor the maximum of statistical data, DminFor The minima of statistical data.
7. a visualization system based on digital earth, it is characterised in that based on claim Method for visualizing described in 1～6 any one realizes, and described system includes:
Statistical data acquiring unit, being used for obtaining in data base needs visual statistical data；
Key element number obtainment unit, for obtaining the visualization key element quantity of described statistical data；
Statistical symbol acquiring unit, for obtaining each statistical data according to visualization key element quantity Visualization statistical symbol；
Statistical symbol signal generating unit, be used for utilizing above-mentioned statistical symbol to generate modeling rendering is above-mentioned can Depending on changing statistical symbol and carrying out rendering visualization on digital earth.
Visualization system the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described statistics accords with Number acquiring unit includes judge module, this judge module specifically for:
Judge that visualization key element quantity is single key element or many key elements；
Utilize statistical data disaggregated model that described statistical data is classified according to visualization factor data Or utilize Statistical Data Classification model that described Statistical Data Classification is processed.
Visualization system the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described statistics accords with Number signal generating unit uses cosine interpolation method to realize classification color and calculates:
T i = ( 1 - c o s ( P i × π ) ) / 2 M i R = T i E R + ( 1 - T i ) F R M i G = T i E G + ( 1 - T i ) F G M i B = T i E B + ( 1 - T i ) F B .
Visualization system the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described statistics Symbol signal generating unit is drawn the size of this statistical symbol and is met following formula:
F i = F m i n + ( F m a x - F m i n ) * ( D i - D m i n ) D max - D min .
CN201610059989.2A 2016-01-28 2016-01-28 Method for visualizing based on digital earth and system Pending CN106257542A (en)

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Application publication date: 20161228