CN106253952B - Power line communication system and method - Google Patents
Power line communication system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power line communication system and a method, and the system comprises: the high-voltage frequency conversion coding module is used for changing the frequency of the power supply wave according to the power line communication signal to be transmitted and coding the power supply wave, the transmission module is used for transmitting the coded power supply wave, and the digital-to-analog induction conversion module is used for detecting the voltage and/or current value of the coded power supply wave and outputting a digital signal. The invention directly converts the high-voltage power supply wave into the power supply wave with a PLC (Power Line communication) signal, and has small loss and long transmission distance during transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a power line communication system and method.
Background
The Power Line Communication (PLC) technology is a Communication method for transmitting data and media signals by using a Power Line. When the power line communication module is used for transmitting, user data is modulated by using a modulation technology, high frequency carrying information is loaded on current, and then transmission is carried out on a power line; at the receiving end, the modulated signal is taken out by the filter and demodulated to obtain the original communication signal, and the communication signal is transmitted to the computer or the telephone to realize information transmission.
Conventional power line communication carries a small voltage signal (peak 24V) through a carrier modulation module onto 220V, 50Hz alternating current. The remote equipment demodulates the small-voltage signal and separates the quasi-alternating current through the demodulation module so as to achieve the purpose of transmitting signals while supplying power.
The carrier communication mode is fashionable in short-distance transmission, and a plurality of related patents are also disclosed in the prior art, for example, a Chinese patent 'power line carrier communication module' with the publication number of CN104579429A, which overcomes the problems of carrier communication attenuation and distortion by arranging a signal power amplifying circuit; also, as a chinese patent publication No. CN1988402A, "implementation method of power line carrier communication system", it passes through: 1) generating a data stream by an upper computer, and sending the data stream according to the frame format requirement of the system; 2) carrying out convolutional coding on the data stream, adopting a coding mode that one input bit is 3 in constraint length and corresponds to two output bits, and completing coding work by two registers; 3) QPSK modulation is carried out on data flow on the basis of convolutional coding, the bandwidth utilization rate of a channel is improved, the anti-interference capability is improved, two bits of data are taken as a group, and four states are provided: 00, 01, 11, 10, which are respectively mapped to (1, 1), (1, -3), (3, 1), (3, -3) on the constellation diagram, and then are transmitted to the next stage for processing; 4) after a series of baseband signal coding and mapping, performing serial-to-parallel conversion on data, performing IFFT processing to place the signal on each subcarrier and perform channel allocation at the same time, converting the signal from a frequency domain to a time domain, performing parallel-to-serial conversion before sending the signal to the next processing, and converting the data into a serial data stream; 5) adding a cyclic prefix and a synchronous head into a data stream, completely forming a frame structure of a system at this time, then performing D/A conversion, performing forming filtering after the D/A conversion, then performing carrier movement, moving the carrier to the central frequency of 2 MHz-22 MHz, and then coupling a signal into a channel for transmission.
The two methods for overcoming the attenuation and distortion of the carrier communication to improve the transmission distance of the power line communication either need to increase the cost or need to perform complex algorithm modulation, and the two methods cannot fundamentally overcome the problems of attenuation and distortion necessarily brought by the power line carrier communication.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power line communication system and method for directly converting a power supply into a transmission signal according to a power line communication signal, thereby fundamentally overcoming the problems of attenuation and distortion in the case of long-distance transmission of the existing power line carrier communication.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a power line communication system, comprising:
high-voltage frequency conversion coding module: the power line communication device is used for changing the frequency of a power supply wave according to a power line communication signal to be transmitted and coding the power supply wave;
a transmission module: the power supply wave is used for transmitting the coded power supply wave;
D/A induction conversion module: and detecting the voltage and/or current value of the coded power supply wave and outputting a digital signal.
Furthermore, the digital-to-analog induction conversion module comprises a voltage induction conversion module and/or a current induction conversion module.
Further, the system also comprises an inverse coding module which is used for receiving the digital signal and carrying out inverse coding according to the coding method of the high-voltage frequency conversion coding module so as to obtain the power line communication signal.
Furthermore, the high-voltage frequency conversion coding module changes the original power wave frequency through the phase locking module according to the power line communication signal to be transmitted.
Further, the original power wave is 220V, 50HZ alternating current.
Further, the transmission module is a wire.
The invention also provides a power line communication method, which comprises the following steps:
changing the frequency of a power supply wave according to a power line communication signal to be transmitted;
encoding and transmitting power waves;
sensing the voltage value and/or the current value of the coded power supply wave and outputting a digital signal;
the digital signal is decoded.
And further, detecting the high and low level change of the power line communication signal to be transmitted, and driving the phase-locked module according to the high and low level change so as to change the frequency of the power supply wave.
Further, the method also comprises the step of converting the coded power supply wave voltage to supply power to the terminal equipment.
Further, the method also comprises the step of adjusting the frequency of the coded power supply wave before supplying power to the terminal equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-voltage power supply wave is directly converted into the power supply wave with a PLC (Power Line communication) signal, the loss of the power supply wave during transmission is small, and the transmission distance is long;
2. the power amplification module with higher cost does not need to be additionally arranged or a complex algorithm does not need to be additionally arranged;
3. the voltage value and the current value of the coded power supply wave can be used as conversion coding signals, the transmission information quantity is larger, and the transmission data quantity in unit time is large;
4. the coded power supply wave is decoded by induction, so that the energy of the power supply is not lost, and the subsequent voltage power supply is not influenced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of PLC carrier communication in the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of power wave encoding according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of power wave sensing decoding according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating PLC carrier communication in the prior art. In the prior art, a low voltage (typically 24V) PLC signal is applied to a high voltage (220V or 380V) ac power through a carrier modulation module and transmitted with the voltage. The carrier modulation is to use the power supply wave as a carrier signal and change the amplitude of the power supply wave by using a PLC communication signal to be transmitted (see a burr part in fig. 1), and at this time, the frequency of the power supply wave is not changed.
However, the conventional transmission wire is selected and manufactured in accordance with the high voltage transmission loss. The resistance of the transmission line is low with respect to high voltage, but high with respect to PLC signals. If a transmission line with a resistance value lower than that of a PLC signal is manufactured, the cost becomes very high, and the transmission line is not suitable for market demand. For this reason, the existing PLC carrier communication is generally used in an application scenario where a transmission distance is short, such as home or company internal data transmission.
To solve the above problems, the present application provides the following embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present application does not use the existing carrier communication method, but directly encodes and decodes the high-voltage power waves, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
in this embodiment, the power line communication system includes a high-voltage frequency conversion coding module, and the high-voltage power supply wave and the PLC signal are both input to the high-voltage frequency conversion coding module.
In the present embodiment, the high voltage power supply wave is a 220V and 50Hz power supply wave, but may also be a 380V common industrial power supply, or a high voltage power supply wave conforming to the transmission standard of other countries.
In this embodiment, the PLC signal peak is 24V, but may be other common PLC signal peaks such as 12V or 36V.
The PLC signal is typically a sine wave signal, typically at a frequency different from the mains wave frequency. Therefore, the high-voltage frequency conversion coding module detects the high-low level change of the PLC signal and drives the built-in high-voltage coding module or an additionally arranged phase locking module according to the high-low level change so as to change the frequency of the high-voltage power supply wave.
Phase locking techniques that vary the frequency of the power wave according to high and low levels are conventional to those skilled in the art.
Generally, phase locking is an automatically controlled closed-loop system that achieves phase synchronization of two electrical signals. In this application, the two electrical signals are the power wave signal and the PLC signal. The phases of the power wave signal and the PLC signal are necessarily different, and therefore, the output power wave signal needs to be adjusted by a phase locking technique.
A typical phase-locked loop system generally comprises a phase detector (phase detector), a voltage regulator (voltage oscillator), and a loop filter (loop filter). The phase detector is a phase comparison device that compares the phases of the input signal and the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator to generate an error voltage corresponding to the phase difference of the two signals.
The loop filter is used for filtering high-frequency components and noise in the error voltage to ensure the performance required by the loop and increase the stability of the system.
The voltage-controlled oscillator is controlled by the control voltage to make the frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator close to the frequency of the input signal until the frequency difference is eliminated and the voltage-controlled oscillator is locked.
Common phase-locked loop chips are CD4046, MC145152, CC046, etc. Those skilled in the art can design the pll system or integrate the existing pll chip into the high voltage frequency conversion coding module of this embodiment as required.
Of course, other techniques may be used by those skilled in the art to vary the power supply wave frequency.
The high-voltage frequency conversion coding module of the embodiment also codes the waveform of the power supply wave signal according to a preset coding algorithm while performing frequency conversion on the power supply wave signal.
The preset coding algorithm can be a NAND gate combinational logic algorithm or other existing algorithms, and after coding, the PLC signal and the power supply wave signal are combined into one to become a high-voltage waveform signal. Or may be regarded as changing the high-voltage power source wave in accordance with a predetermined rule (encoding rule) with reference to the PLC signal.
The voltage amplitude of the power supply wave after frequency conversion coding is unchanged, but the frequency is no longer 50Hz or 60Hz, and the waveform is not a standard sine wave.
The frequency-conversion coded power supply wave is transmitted to a far end through a transmission module (in the embodiment, an electric wire). In this embodiment, the waveform of the transmitted power supply wave is the signal itself, and the power supply wave still maintains a high voltage amplitude, so that the line loss is small.
A common resistance of the wire is generally 50 hau, and if the current flowing through the wire is 2A, the line voltage loss is 2X5 — 10V. And the signal distortion loss is only 4.5% for a voltage drop of 10V relative to a voltage amplitude of 220V. If transmission is performed according to the conventional PLC carrier communication method shown in fig. 1, when a PLC signal is applied to a power supply wave, the amplitude of the signal is a glitch portion in fig. 1, and the amplitude of the glitch portion is only 24V. At this time, if the voltage loss of the conventional PLC carrier communication is still 10V, the distortion ratio is 10/24, i.e., about 41.6%, which is improved by about 10 times compared with the present embodiment. Therefore, the signal distortion condition of the embodiment is far smaller than that of the traditional PLC carrier communication mode, so that the PLC communication system has long-distance transmission capability, and the PLC communication is not limited to short-distance communication of families and the like.
After the far-end equipment receives the power supply wave after the frequency conversion coding, the analog signal of the power supply wave is converted into a digital signal through the digital-to-analog induction conversion module. In this embodiment, the digital-to-analog sensing and converting module is a voltage sensing module, which can sense the power supply wave voltage. In a preferred embodiment, if the power supply amplitude is above 70V, the voltage sensing module is converted to 1, and if the power supply amplitude is below 50V, the voltage sensing module is converted to 0, so as to convert the power supply wave signal with high-low conversion into 11001.
Specifically, the digital-to-analog conversion module samples the encoded power supply wave at regular intervals, for example, samples the encoded power supply wave at every 10 seconds, and determines whether to output a digital 0 or a digital 1 based on an actual voltage value of the encoded power supply wave at a sampling point.
The digital signal is decoded by a decoding module to obtain an original PLC signal. And the decoding mode of the decoding module is inverse coding according to the high-voltage variable-frequency coding module.
In this embodiment, the voltage sensing module obtains the voltage amplitude through the mode of response, can not cause power energy loss, and is basically lossless to the voltage of power ripples, and the power ripples can be carried for terminal equipment power supply after transformer conversion this moment.
In a preferred embodiment, although the amplitude of the power wave varies, its frequency is no longer the standard 50Hz, which may cause damage to the end appliances. To this end, the frequency may be adjusted again before it is transmitted to the terminal set up.
Certainly, some terminal electrical appliances have low requirements on the frequency of the power supply waves, and the coded power supply waves can be directly output to the terminal electrical appliances for use.
Example 2
The present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the remote device receives the power supply wave post-frequency-conversion-coded induced current signal. The current value of the power wave signal with the encoded high and low changes is converted into 1 when the value is higher than the first preset value and is converted into O when the value is lower than the second preset value, and therefore the digital signal similar to 001110 is formed.
In the application, the coded power supply wave has high voltage amplitude and high current amplitude, so that the embodiment can determine the digital signal by detecting the change of the current value. In the prior art, the voltage value is only 24V, the voltage value transmitted to a destination through loss is only about 14V, the current value is very little, and the aim of converting a digital signal can hardly be achieved by detecting the current value.
Other contents of this embodiment can refer to embodiment 1.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the remote device receives the power wave after the frequency conversion coding, and induces not only the voltage signal but also the current signal.
As described in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, the voltage sensing module is switched to 1 when the power supply amplitude is 70V or more, and is switched to 0 when the power supply amplitude is 50V or less, so that the power supply wave signal converted in high and low is converted to a digital signal of 11001 ·. The current value is converted to 1 above the first preset value and to O below the second preset value, thus forming a digital signal like 001110. The digital signal converted by the voltage induction module is called a first-dimension signal. The digital signal converted by the current sensing module is called a second-dimension signal.
And the first-dimension signal and the second-dimension signal can be inversely coded in the decoding module according to the coding method of the high-voltage frequency conversion coding module.
In this embodiment, the information of two different dimensions of voltage and current is adopted, and for the same PLC signal, the transmission information amount is doubled compared with the conventional method that only voltage identification is performed.
In addition, in this embodiment, both the voltage signal and the current signal can be converted into digital signals, and thus, when the initial PLC signal is encoded into the power supply wave, two different PLC signals can be encoded into one power supply wave. The coding modes respectively correspond to the power wave voltage and the current. Thereby make the transmission efficiency of the PLC signal of this embodiment improve one time.
The other contents of this embodiment can refer to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
The present application also provides a method of power line communication, which includes the following steps:
s1: changing the frequency of a power supply wave according to a power line communication signal to be transmitted;
s2: encoding and transmitting power waves;
s3: sensing the voltage value and/or the current value of the coded power supply wave and outputting a digital signal;
s4: the digital signal is decoded.
The power wave frequency change and encoding may be performed simultaneously or separately, and the order of the steps is not to be construed as necessarily requiring that the steps be performed in order.
There are various ways of changing the frequency of the power wave according to the power line communication signal to be transmitted, and in this embodiment, the frequency of the power wave is changed in a phase-locked loop manner. The phase-locked module is driven according to the high and low level change to change the frequency of the power supply wave by detecting the high and low level change of the power line communication signal to be transmitted.
The step of changing the frequency of the power supply wave by phase locking is a conventional step of those skilled in the art, and is not described herein again.
The power wave is encoded according to the power line communication signal by adopting a NAND gate combination logic encoding mode. That is, at the same sampling timing, the voltage value and/or the current value of the power line communication signal and the voltage value and/or the current value of the power wave signal are subjected to a non-comparison, and the power wave signal waveform is changed. Of course, other general waveform encoding methods may be used.
Similarly, the decoding and sensing of the digital signal may be performed simultaneously or separately. The order of the steps of the present embodiment should not be limited to being performed in a sequential manner.
The digital signal can be transmitted through a computer or a router and other communication equipment after being decoded.
Meanwhile, the power supply wave supplies power to the power supply equipment according to the original requirement.
More preferably, the power line communication method of the present invention further includes a step of changing the encoded power supply wave to a standard frequency of 50HZ before supplying power to the power supply apparatus.
The power line communication system and the power line communication method can be applied to various existing communication methods needing data transmission. Particularly, the power line communication system and the method are widely applied to the existing power grid, so that a smart power grid network which is spread all over the country can be constructed, and a user only needs to configure a corresponding decoding module at a power utilization terminal.
The invention can also be applied to other signal transmission such as traffic data transmission, monitoring data transmission, medical and health data transmission and various household appliances.
The invention overcomes the defects of the existing weak current control through the power line communication system and the method, does not need to additionally arrange a weak current control line, and can directly obtain related data or control instructions at a power line interface of the equipment.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention has the following characteristics: the realization cost is low, extra wiring is not needed, and the network investment is reduced; the coverage range is wide, and all power networks can be penetrated; the speed is high; plug and play without dialing; and (4) convenience.
More importantly, the power line communication system and the power line communication method are small in transmission loss and large in transmission data volume, and can directly replace the existing network router used in families. When each device in the family carries out data communication, need not to connect a net twine in addition or use wireless transmission modes such as wifi, all kinds of intelligent electrical appliances of family can communicate with the centralized control ware of family (for example cell-phone) as long as insert power plug.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A power line communication system characterized by: the system comprises the following modules:
high-voltage frequency conversion coding module: the power line communication device is used for changing the frequency of a power supply wave according to a power line communication signal to be transmitted and coding the power supply wave; the high-voltage variable-frequency coding module changes the original power supply wave frequency through the phase locking module according to the power line communication signal to be transmitted;
a transmission module: the power supply wave is used for transmitting the coded power supply wave;
D/A induction conversion module: and detecting the voltage and/or current value of the coded power supply wave and outputting a digital signal.
2. The power-line communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the digital-to-analog induction conversion module comprises a voltage induction conversion module and/or a current induction conversion module.
3. The power line communication system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the power line communication system also comprises an inverse coding module which is used for receiving the digital signal and carrying out inverse coding according to the coding method of the high-voltage frequency conversion coding module so as to obtain the power line communication signal.
4. The power-line communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the original power supply wave is 220V and 50HZ alternating current.
5. The power-line communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission module is an electric wire.
6. A power line communication method, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
changing the frequency of a power supply wave according to a power line communication signal to be transmitted; detecting high and low level changes of power line communication signals to be transmitted, and driving a phase-locked module according to the high and low level changes to change the frequency of a power supply wave;
coding and transmitting power waves;
step three, sensing the voltage value and/or the current value of the coded power supply wave and outputting a digital signal;
and step four, decoding the digital signal.
7. The power-line communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that: and step two, converting the coded power supply wave voltage to supply power to the terminal equipment.
8. The power-line communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the method also comprises the step of adjusting the frequency of the coded power supply wave before the power supply of the terminal equipment.
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| CN104660543A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-27 | 北京华强智连微电子有限责任公司 | Low-power-consumption OFDM carrier and GFSK wireless dual-mode communication chip |
| CN204518093U (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-07-29 | 北京华强智连微电子有限责任公司 | A kind of OFDM carrier wave of low-power consumption and GFSK wireless double mode communication chip |
| CN204697106U (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-10-07 | 北京华强智连微电子有限责任公司 | A kind of OFDM power line carrier and GFSK wireless double mode communication chip |
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| US9030302B2 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2015-05-12 | Enphase Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for three-phase power line communications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN204518093U (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-07-29 | 北京华强智连微电子有限责任公司 | A kind of OFDM carrier wave of low-power consumption and GFSK wireless double mode communication chip |
| CN204697106U (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-10-07 | 北京华强智连微电子有限责任公司 | A kind of OFDM power line carrier and GFSK wireless double mode communication chip |
| CN104660543A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-27 | 北京华强智连微电子有限责任公司 | Low-power-consumption OFDM carrier and GFSK wireless dual-mode communication chip |
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