CN106252624B - Cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, poriferous titanium dioxide first product is prepared first, poriferous titanium dioxide first product is mixed in a certain ratio to the poriferous titanium dioxide that silane coupling agent surface modification is prepared after reacting with low boiling point organic solvent and halogen-containing silane coupling agent later, finally the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification is suspended in low boiling point organic solvent, the imidazoles containing substituent group is added, it is immersed in hexafluorophosphoric acid salting liquid after washing is dry after reaction, finally it is heat-treated under 500~600 DEG C of atmosphere of inert gases.The method of the present invention is simple and practicable, and cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide obtained, surface is coated with N/P/F/Si codope carbon-coatings, has higher theoretical specific capacity, electric conductivity, and capacity retention ratio is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of titanium dioxide and preparation method thereof, more particularly to a kind of cathode of lithium battery porous silica
Titanium and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With rapid development of economy, facing mankind energy crisis and the severe challenge of environmental pollution, and countries in the world are all
In the green energy resource for constantly seeking more clean environment firendly.Wherein, lithium battery is since it is high with energy density, voltage is high, cycle
The advantages that long lifespan, self-discharge rate be low, memory-less effect, discharge voltage are stable, charge and discharge are quick and environmentally friendly, is widely used in
The electronics fields such as mobile phone, portable computer, camera, video camera, and application field is still among continuous extension,
As the main selection of sustainable power battery, it is known as the ideal source of 21 century.
As the main body of storage lithium, negative material plays critically important effect in lithium ion battery, and capacity is to influence electricity
The quality of one of an important factor for tankage, performance directly affect the battery capacity and service life cycle of lithium ion battery.
Currently, the lithium ion battery of commercialization mainly uses graphite or modified graphite as negative material.However, the embedding lithium of theory of graphite
Maximum capacity is only 372mAh/g, and irreversible loss is big for the first time, multiplying power discharging property is poor, in addition, when lithium ion is embedded in, portion
The solvent divided can also follow insertion, be easy to happen structural damage；As the improvement to above-mentioned material, the oxidation of nanometer transition metal
Object is due to its higher theoretical specific capacity, and capacity retention ratio is high, causes the extensive concern of researchers, but this kind of transition
Metal oxide materials have larger volume expansion and contraction change during lithium ion is embedded and deviates from, so as to cause
The dusting of electrode material, and then electrical contact is lost with collector, the cycle performance of the such material of strong influence and application.
Secondly, compared with traditional graphite cathode material, these materials have poor electron conductivity.
Therefore, it is necessary to seek more efficient way, prepare it is stable there is higher theoretical specific capacity, electric conductivity, and
And the lithium ion battery negative material that capacity retention ratio is high.
Invention content
To overcome defect in the prior art, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of having higher theoretical specific capacity, electric conductivity,
And the cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide that capacity retention ratio is high, while preparation method being provided.The present invention passes through following
Scheme is realized：
A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, includes the following steps,
Titanium source is added to 0.5~1h of mixing in alcohol by I, is slowly added to alkali metal acetate later, is mixed 2~3h, will be molten
Liquid is transferred in the hydrothermal reaction kettle of polyvinyl fluoride liner, at 200~250 DEG C react 15~for 24 hours；Through deionized water after cooling
It is washed repeatedly with absolute ethyl alcohol, it is 18~24 hours dry in 70~80 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber；Product is made from this step
Poriferous titanium dioxide first product；
II rises product made from step I, low boiling point organic solvent and halogen-containing silane coupling agent under mixing condition
Temperature reacts 4~6h, product separation to 65~75 DEG C --- and it is dry；Product made from this step is silane coupling agent surface modification
Poriferous titanium dioxide；
III is suspended in product made from step II in low boiling point organic solvent, imidazoles of the addition containing substituent group, and mixing 4~
It 8 hours, is washed later with low boiling point organic solvent, general washing times are 3~5 times, in 70~80 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber
Be dipped in after dry 18~24 hours 54 in the hexafluorophosphoric acid salting liquid that mass concentration is 1.0~2.0%, temperature is 60~80 DEG C~
72 hours, 3~5h is heat-treated under 500~600 DEG C of nitrogen or atmosphere of inert gases.
Further, in the step I, titanium source preferably is selected from one kind in titanium tetrachloride, butyl titanate；Alcohol has selected from second
One kind in alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, glycerine；Alkali metal acetate preferably is selected from sodium acetate, potassium acetate
It is a kind of；Halogen-containing silane coupling agent is preferably chloromethyl triethoxysilane, 2- chloroethyls triethoxysilane, γ-chlorine third
One kind in ethyl triethoxy silicane alkane, γ-r-chloropropyl trimethoxyl silane.
Further, the step III, the imidazoles containing substituent group preferably are selected from 2- phenylimidazoles, 2-methylimidazole, 2- isopropyls
One kind in base imidazoles；Hexafluorophosphate preferably is selected from one kind in sodium hexafluoro phosphate, Potassium Hexafluorophosphate.
In the step I, the mass ratio of titanium source, alcohol and alkali metal acetate is preferably 1：(20~30)：3.
Low boiling point organic solvent in the step II, step III is preferably one kind in dichloromethane, acetone, ether.
Further, the inert gas is preferably one or more in argon gas, helium.
Further, in the step II, product made from step I, low boiling point organic solvent and silane coupling agent
Mass ratio is preferably 1：(3~5)：(2~3).
Further, in the step III, product made from step II, low boiling point organic solvent and the miaow containing substituent group
The mass ratio of azoles is preferably 2：(5~8)：(2~3).
A kind of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide uses cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described above
Preparation method is prepared, and poriferous titanium dioxide surface is coated with N/P/F/Si codope carbon-coatings.The N/P/F/Si codopes
The thickness of carbon-coating is preferably 10~20 nanometers.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
(1) preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide of the invention is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and operation is easy,
It is of low cost to the of less demanding of equipment, it is convenient for large-scale production；
(2) preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide of the invention is due to the stability of porous structure
The volume expansion of titanium dioxide itself provides mechanical support force, during lithium ion is embedded and deviates from, can effectively keep
The integrality of the structure of material, therefore the titanium dioxide of porous structure has stable chemical property；
(3) preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide of the invention coats on poriferous titanium dioxide surface
The carbon-coating for having N/F/Si/P to adulterate, can improve specific capacity, the electric conductivity of material, and can stablize the knot of the titanium dioxide of porous structure
Structure avoids having electrode material caused by larger volume expansion and contraction change during lithium ion is embedded and deviates from
Dusting.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to embodiments, but the invention is not limited in the statements of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, includes the following steps,
12g titanium tetrachlorides are added in the beaker containing 240g ethylene glycol and mix 0.5h by I, are slowly added to 36g vinegar later
Sour sodium, remixes 2h, transfers the solution into the hydrothermal reaction kettle of polyvinyl fluoride liner, reacts 15h at 200 DEG C；After cooling
It is washed repeatedly through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, it is 24 hours dry in 70 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber, poriferous titanium dioxide is made
Head product；
II by poriferous titanium dioxide head product made from 10g step Is, 30g dichloromethane and 20g chloromethane ethyl triethoxy silicanes
Alkane is added in reactor, is uniformly dispersed using ultra-sonic dispersion method, and 65 DEG C are warming up under mixing condition, reacts 4h, product
Separation --- it is dry, the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification is made；
III is suspended in the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification made from 8g step IIs in 20g acetone, adds
Enter 16g 2- phenylimidazoles, after mixing 4 hours, washed 3 times with ether, is soaked after 24 hours dry in 70 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber
It is hot under 500 DEG C of nitrogen atmosphere 72 hours in the hexafluorophosphoric acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 1.0%, temperature is 60 DEG C
Handle 3h.
The cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide being prepared using the above method is wrapped on the surface of poriferous titanium dioxide
N/P/F/Si codope carbon-coatings are covered with, it is 10nm to measure N/P/F/Si codope carbon layers having thicknesses.Cathode of lithium battery obtained is used
Poriferous titanium dioxide, Super P and Kynoar PVDF in mass ratio 8：1：1 is uniformly mixed, and then instills N- first inside
Then viscous fluid is evenly coated in by base pyrrolidone solution (NMP), uniform stirring at sticky paste viscous fluid by coating machine
It is cold by the copper foil coated in 100 DEG C of vacuum drying chambers dry (removing nmp solvent and a small amount of residual moisture) for 24 hours on copper foil
But it is taken out to room temperature, is compacted after the disk of a diameter of 14cm is made in copper foil with slicer, as cathode pole piece, finally exists
2016 button cells are assembled into glove box full of argon gas.By assembled button cell on LAND battery test systems with
0.1C rate charge-discharges 100 enclose, and it is about 930mAh/g to measure specific discharge capacity.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, includes the following steps,
12g butyl titanates are added in the beaker containing 260g ethyl alcohol and mix 0.6h by I, are slowly added to 36g vinegar later
Sour potassium, remixes 2.5h, transfers the solution into the hydrothermal reaction kettle of polyvinyl fluoride liner, reacts 18h at 220 DEG C；It is cooling
It is washed repeatedly by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, it is 20 hours dry in 75 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber, porous silica is made
Titanium head product；
II by poriferous titanium dioxide head product made from 10g step Is, 40g acetone and 25g γ-chloropropyl triethoxy silicon
Alkane is added in reactor, is uniformly dispersed using ultra-sonic dispersion method, and 70 DEG C are warming up under mixing condition, reacts 5h, product
Separation --- it is dry, the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification is made；
The poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification made from 8g step IIs is suspended in 24g dichloromethane by III
In, 10g 2-methylimidazoles are added, after mixing 6 hours, are washed 5 times with dichloromethane, it is dry in 75 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber
It is dipped in after 20 hours in the hexafluorophosphoric acid potassium solution that mass concentration is 1.5%, temperature is 65 DEG C 65 hours, then at 550 DEG C of argon
Atmosphere encloses lower heat treatment 4h.
The cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide being prepared using the above method is wrapped on the surface of poriferous titanium dioxide
N/P/F/Si codope carbon-coatings are covered with, it is 15nm to measure N/P/F/Si codope carbon layers having thicknesses.Cathode of lithium battery obtained is used
Poriferous titanium dioxide is prepared into cathode pole piece by the method in embodiment 1 and is fabricated to button cell, by button cell in LAND
It is enclosed with 0.1C rate charge-discharges 100 on battery test system, it is about 928mAh/g to measure specific discharge capacity.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, includes the following steps,
12g titanium tetrachlorides are added in the beaker containing 300g isopropanols and mix 0.7h by I, are slowly added to 36g vinegar later
Sour sodium, remixes 2.4h, transfers the solution into the hydrothermal reaction kettle of polyvinyl fluoride liner, reacts 20h at 230 DEG C；It is cooling
It is washed repeatedly by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, it is 22 hours dry in 77 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber, porous silica is made
Titanium head product；
II by poriferous titanium dioxide head product made from 10g step Is, 45g ether and 28g 2- chloroethene ethyl triethoxy silicanes
Alkane is added in reactor, is uniformly dispersed using ultra-sonic dispersion method, and 68 DEG C are warming up under mixing condition, reacts 5h, product
Separation --- it is dry, the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification is made；
III is suspended in the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification made from 8g step IIs in 26g acetone, adds
Enter 18g 2- isopropyl base imidazoles, after mixing 7 hours, is washed 4 times with acetone, it is 18 hours dry in 80 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber
It is dipped in afterwards in the hexafluorophosphoric acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 1.8%, temperature is 70 DEG C 60 hours, then at 600 DEG C of helium atmosphere
Lower heat treatment 3.5h.
The cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide being prepared using the above method is wrapped on the surface of poriferous titanium dioxide
N/P/F/Si codope carbon-coatings are covered with, it is 18nm to measure N/P/F/Si codope carbon layers having thicknesses.Cathode of lithium battery obtained is used
Poriferous titanium dioxide is prepared into cathode pole piece by the method in embodiment 1 and is fabricated to button cell, by button cell in LAND
It is enclosed with 0.1C rate charge-discharges 100 on battery test system, it is about 928.5mAh/g to measure specific discharge capacity.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, includes the following steps,
12g butyl titanates are added in the beaker containing 340g glycerine and mix 0.9h by I, are slowly added to 36g later
Potassium acetate remixes 2.7h, transfers the solution into the hydrothermal reaction kettle of polyvinyl fluoride liner, reacts 23h at 240 DEG C；It is cold
But it is washed repeatedly through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol afterwards, it is 18 hours dry in 80 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber, porous dioxy is made
Change titanium head product；
II by poriferous titanium dioxide head product made from 10g step Is, 45g dichloromethane and 30g γ-chloropropyl trimethoxy
Base silane is added in reactor, is uniformly dispersed using ultra-sonic dispersion method, 72 DEG C is warming up under mixing condition, reaction
5.5h, product separation --- it is dry, the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification is made；
III is suspended in the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification made from 8g step IIs in 30g acetone, adds
Enter 29g 2-methylimidazoles, after mixing 7.5 hours, washed 5 times with ether, after 20 hours dry in 78 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber
It is dipped in the hexafluorophosphoric acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 2.0%, temperature is 60 DEG C 58 hours, under 520 DEG C of helium atmosphere
It is heat-treated 4h.
The cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide being prepared using the above method is wrapped on the surface of poriferous titanium dioxide
N/P/F/Si codope carbon-coatings are covered with, it is 20nm to measure N/P/F/Si codope carbon layers having thicknesses.Cathode of lithium battery obtained is used
Poriferous titanium dioxide is prepared into cathode pole piece by the method in embodiment 1 and is fabricated to button cell, by button cell in LAND
It is enclosed with 0.1C rate charge-discharges 100 on battery test system, it is about 929mAh/g to measure specific discharge capacity.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, includes the following steps,
12g butyl titanates are added in the beaker containing 360g glycerine and mix 1.0h by I, are slowly added to 36g later
Sodium acetate remixes 3h, transfers the solution into the hydrothermal reaction kettle of polyvinyl fluoride liner, is reacted for 24 hours at 250 DEG C；It is cooling
It is washed repeatedly by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, it is 24 hours dry in 78 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber, porous silica is made
Titanium head product；
II by poriferous titanium dioxide head product made from 10g step Is, 50g dichloromethane and 30g chloromethane ethyl triethoxy silicanes
Alkane is added in reactor, is uniformly dispersed using ultra-sonic dispersion method, and 75 DEG C are warming up under mixing condition, reacts 6h, product
Separation --- it is dry, the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification is made；
III is suspended in the poriferous titanium dioxide of silane coupling agent surface modification made from 8g step IIs in 32g ether, adds
Enter 12g 2- phenylimidazoles, after mixing 8 hours, washed 5 times with ether, is soaked after 20 hours dry in 78 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber
It is hot under 550 DEG C of helium atmosphere 72 hours in the hexafluorophosphoric acid sodium solution that mass concentration is 2.0%, temperature is 70 DEG C
Handle 4h.
The cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide being prepared using the above method is wrapped on the surface of poriferous titanium dioxide
N/P/F/Si codope carbon-coatings are covered with, it is 17nm to measure N/P/F/Si codope carbon layers having thicknesses.Cathode of lithium battery obtained is used
Poriferous titanium dioxide is prepared into cathode pole piece by the method in embodiment 1 and is fabricated to button cell, by button cell in LAND
It is enclosed with 0.1C rate charge-discharges 100 on battery test system, it is 928mAh/g to measure specific discharge capacity.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form；It is all
The those of ordinary skill of the industry can implement described in by specification and swimmingly the present invention；But all skills for being familiar with this profession
Art personnel without departing from the scope of the present invention, made using disclosed above technology contents it is a little more
Dynamic, modification and the equivalent variations developed, are the equivalent embodiment of the present invention；Meanwhile all substantial technologicals pair according to the present invention
The variation, modification and evolution etc. of any equivalent variations made by above example, still fall within the guarantor of technical scheme of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps,
Titanium source is added to 0.5~1h of mixing in alcohol by I, is slowly added to alkali metal acetate later, is mixed 2~3h, solution is turned
Move on in the hydrothermal reaction kettle of polyvinyl fluoride liner, at 200~250 DEG C react 15~for 24 hours；Through washing after cooling --- vacuum
It is dry；
II is warming up to product made from step I, low boiling point organic solvent and halogen-containing silane coupling agent under mixing condition
65~75 DEG C, 4~6h is reacted, through separation --- it is dry；
III is suspended in product made from step II in low boiling point organic solvent, and the imidazoles containing substituent group is added, and mixing 4~8 is small
When, after washed through low boiling point organic solvent --- after vacuum drying, be dipped in mass concentration be 1.0~2.0%, temperature be 60~
54~72 hours in 80 DEG C of hexafluorophosphoric acid salting liquid, it is heat-treated under 500~600 DEG C of nitrogen or atmosphere of inert gases.
2. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step I, titanium source is one kind in titanium tetrachloride, butyl titanate；Alcohol is ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, third
One kind in triol；Alkali metal acetate is one kind in sodium acetate, potassium acetate；Halogen-containing silane coupling agent is chloromethyl three
In Ethoxysilane, 2- chloroethyls triethoxysilane, γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane, γ-r-chloropropyl trimethoxyl silane
One kind.
3. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step III, the imidazoles containing substituent group is one kind in 2- phenylimidazoles, 2-methylimidazole, 2 isopropyl imidazole；Hexafluorophosphate
For one kind in sodium hexafluoro phosphate, Potassium Hexafluorophosphate.
4. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step I, the mass ratio of titanium source, alcohol and alkali metal acetate is 1：(20~30)：3.
5. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Low boiling point organic solvent in step II, step III is one kind in dichloromethane, acetone, ether.
6. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Inert gas is one or more in argon gas, helium.
7. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
It states in step II, the mass ratio of product made from step I, low boiling point organic solvent and silane coupling agent is 1：(3~5)：(2~
3)。
8. a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as described in claim 1~7 is any, feature exist
In：In the step III, the mass ratio of product, low boiling point organic solvent and the imidazoles containing substituent group made from step II is 2：(5
~8)：(2~3).
9. a kind of cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide, it is characterised in that：Use the lithium as described in claim 1~8 is any
The preparation method of battery cathode poriferous titanium dioxide is prepared, and poriferous titanium dioxide surface is coated with N/P/F/Si codopes
Carbon-coating.
10. cathode of lithium battery poriferous titanium dioxide as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The N/P/F/Si is co-doped with
The thickness of miscellaneous carbon-coating is 10~20 nanometers.
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| CN106784714B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of silicon-based composite anode material for Li-ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN107681148B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-10-23 | 福建师范大学 | Porous amorphous titanium dioxide-based sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN107834042A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-23 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery Si doped anatase-types TiO2Negative material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107961803B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-10-09 | 北京众智创新科技开发有限公司 | Organic-inorganic composite photocatalyst for purifying environmental pollution |
| CN108232140A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-29 | 上海蓄熙新能源材料检测有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and its lithium ion battery of modified silica-base material |
| CN111916696A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-11-10 | 湖南辰砾新材料有限公司 | High-capacity lithium battery negative electrode material |
| CN109244340B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-07-13 | 肇庆市华师大光电产业研究院 | Functional diaphragm coating material of lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101152626A (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2008-04-02 | 浙江大学 | Kation S and anion N doped one-dimensional nano-structured Ti0* photocatalyst and method of producing the same |
| CN103157454A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-06-19 | 山东大学 | Preparation method of N/Si codoped TiO2 fiber |
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