CN106249289A - The processing method of seismic data under a kind of phased constraint - Google Patents
The processing method of seismic data under a kind of phased constraint Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the processing method of seismic data under a kind of phased constraint, first the present invention determines type of sedimentary facies and the seismic facies mark planar characteristics of distribution of exploratory area research purpose layer；Region obvious to characteristics of seismic carries out local earthquake's data examination and processes, and contrast differentiates the performance data body and seismic facies mark, preferred parameter generated under different flow process, it is ensured that performance data body can reach resolution index request and can match with seismic facies understanding again；If characteristics of seismic ratio is more consistent, then preferably seismic data cube is relative fidelity data body, if differed greatly, then the seismic data misfitting region carries out the adjustment again of flow process and parameter, until consistent with characteristics of seismic.Seismic data is processed under seismic facies retrains by the present invention, handling process and parameter is repeatedly adjusted, until consistent with characteristics of seismic, thus play the monitoring and evaluation the purpose of preference data body seismic data carried out constantly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing method of seismic data under a kind of phased constraint, belong to Seismic Data Processing Technique field.
Background technology
Seismic data quality directly affects the difficulty of study area oil-gas exploration, particularly to being in the spy of medium and above degree
Hidden-type lithological reservoir exploration in district, choosing of seismic data is particularly important, if the seismic data chosen chooses process not
Appropriately, it will follow-up oil-gas exploration is produced deleterious effect.
The patent application document of Application No. 2013107295108, disclose a kind of based on improve S-transformation relatively protect width
Point spectrum analog high resolution processing method, belongs to geophysical exploration technology, by carrying out a spectrum analog high score at time-frequency domain
Resolution processes, and overcomes the impact of seismic data neutron deficiency time variation, maintains spectrum signature and the time-frequency characteristic of initial data,
It it is the deconvolution treatment technology of a kind of relative guarantor's width.The patent application document of Application No. 2014107873899, discloses one
The optimization method of seismic observation system parameter, the method parameter optimization based on three-dimensional geophysical model provides three-dimensional peace
Face parameter optimization is as a result, it is possible to help technical staff selects the seismic observation system parameter of applicable construction area rapidly and accurately
Parameter value.The patent application document of Application No. 201410806299X, it is provided that " a kind of well control protects panel height resolution seismic money
Material processing method ", above-mentioned several patents be all mainly by single geophysical prospecting technology or treatment technology to seismic data at
Reason, does not carry out monitoring constantly and evaluation preference data body, it is impossible to determine with this set to the seismic data cube after processing
Whether the seismic data cube after process is consistent with this area's actual deposition feature.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the processing method of seismic data under a kind of phased constraint, to solve current seismic data
Processing method is not bound with the problem that phased constraint causes the seismic data processed cannot truly reflect hidden-type lithologic deposit.
The present invention solves that above-mentioned technical problem provides the processing method of seismic data, this process side under a kind of phased constraint
Method comprises the following steps:
1) type of sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer is determined；
2) the seismic facies mark plane of exploratory area research purpose interval is determined according to the type of sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer
Distribution characteristics；
3) region obvious to characteristics of seismic carries out local earthquake's data examination process, and contrast differentiates generation under different flow process
Performance data body and seismic facies mark, preferred parameter, it is ensured that performance data body can reach the index requests such as resolution and again can
Match with seismic facies understanding；
4) on preferred achievement seismic data cube, the key section of extraction is analyzed, if comparing one at characteristics of seismic
Cause, then preferably seismic data cube is relative fidelity data body, if differed greatly, then returns step 3) to misfitting region
Seismic data carries out the adjustment again of flow process and parameter, until consistent with characteristics of seismic.
Described step 1) in type of sedimentary facies be by determining exploratory area matter element system according to the geologic setting in exploratory area, passing through
Rock type, sedimentary structure, the facies marker analysis of grain size characteristic, determine in conjunction with features of logging curve and Seismic reflection character.
Described step 2) in the determination process of seismic facies mark planar characteristics of distribution as follows:
A. the seismic facies mark of its correspondence is determined according to type of sedimentary facies；
B. seismic facies mark is carried out forward model, to obtain the seismic facies mark plane distribution of exploratory area research purpose interval
Feature.
Described seismic facies mark is divided into internal reflective structure, reflection continuity, reflected amplitude power, reflection frequency, outer
Portion's geometric shape and association relationship thereof.
Step 4) in the more consistent seismic facies mark referring to be showed on seismic profile of ratio all can unanimously reflect deposition
Phase character.
Step 4) in the seismic facies referring to be showed on seismic profile is flagged with and the Sedimentary facies that differs greatly
Misfit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: first the present invention determines the type of sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer；According to exploratory area
The type of sedimentary facies of research purpose layer determines the seismic facies mark planar characteristics of distribution of exploratory area research purpose interval；Special to seismic facies
Levying obvious region and carry out local earthquake's data examination process, contrast differentiates the performance data body and seismic facies generated under different flow process
Mark, preferred parameter, it is ensured that performance data body can reach the index requests such as resolution and can match with seismic facies understanding again；?
Preferably on achievement seismic data cube, the key section of extraction is analyzed, if more consistent at characteristics of seismic ratio, the most preferably
Seismic data cube is relative fidelity data body, if differed greatly, then the seismic data misfitting region is carried out flow process and ginseng
The adjustment again of number, until consistent with characteristics of seismic.The present invention analytically seismic phase distribution characteristics on the basis of sedimentary facies research,
Under seismic facies retrains, seismic data is processed, handling process and parameter are adjusted repeatedly, until special with seismic facies
Levy consistent, thus play the monitoring and evaluation the purpose of preference data body seismic data carried out constantly, solve existingly
The problem that seismic data processing method cannot truly reflect hidden-type lithologic deposit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the processing method of seismic data under the phased constraint of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is sedimentary facies flat distribution map in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is just to drill seismic cross-section in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is seismic facies flat distribution map in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is parallel in the embodiment of the present invention and sub-reflected in parallel structural earthquake profile；
Fig. 6 is the seismic cross-section of embodiment of the present invention empty and mixed and disorderly catoptric arrangement.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described further.
The present invention is directed to the hidden-type lithologic deposit that oil-gas exploration is in medium and above degree exploratory area propose
The processing method of seismic data under a kind of phased constraint, this processing method is to seismic data under sedimentary facies and seismic facies retrain
The method carrying out processing, the implementing procedure of the method is as it is shown in figure 1, arrange the spring in sub-projection being positioned at quasi-Ge Er basin car below
Light illustrates as a example by oil field, and this work area three dimensional seismic data area is about 1023km2, to this work area use the present invention phased
The specific implementation process of the processing method of the lower seismic data of constraint is as follows:
1. determine the type of sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer.
Structure according to exploratory area and geologic setting, use recover ancient landform, analyze sandy ground than and rock forming mineral content etc. many
The method of kind determines exploratory area matter element system, by carrying out the facies marker analyses such as rock type, sedimentary structure, grain size characteristic, in conjunction with right
Features of logging curve, the research of Seismic reflection character, get final product the type of sedimentary facies of clear and definite exploratory area research purpose layer.
In the present embodiment, the purpose series of strata distribution in exploratory area is less, only has remaining in cheuch, and there is San Tiaogou in exploratory area, main
Growing land clastic deposited sediments, rock grain size is thick, predominantly glutenite deposition, cheuch deposit thickness strict underlying strata landform
The control of landforms, ditch is the deepest, and deposit thickness is the biggest；Use recovery ancient landform, analysis sandy ground ratio and rock forming mineral content etc. multiple
Method determines matter element system, understands this thing source, exploratory area from direction, northwest through analyzing；By carry out rock type, sedimentary structure,
The facies marker analyses such as grain size characteristic combine well logging phase, the research of Seismic reflection character, specify the sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer
Type, has alluvial fan and braided stream two kinds, as shown in Figure 2.
2. the seismic facies mark plane of exploratory area research purpose interval is determined according to the type of sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer
Distribution characteristics.
On the basis of determining that area deposition is mutually, carrying out seismic facies and the research of seismic facies mark, seismic facies is that sedimentary facies exists
Reflection on seismic profile, different deposition regions has different characteristics of seismics, and corresponding seismic facies mark is the most different.
Seismic facies mark is divided into internal reflective structure, reflection continuity, reflected amplitude power, reflection frequency, outside geometric shape and companion
Raw relation.The present embodiment is based on cheuch filling stratum, study area particularity and actual seismic data resolution, mainly from inside
Strong and weak three aspects of catoptric arrangement, reflection continuity, reflected amplitude are set about, reference forefathers to sedimentary facies-seismic facies-seismic facies mark
On the basis of will theoretical research result, the seismic facies mark based on just drilling is studied, as it is shown on figure 3, sum up study area
The seismic facies mark planar characteristics of distribution of interval of interest, as shown in Figure 4, alluvial fan mainly shows as mixed and disorderly or blank reflection,
Weak amplitude poor continuity, or middle amplitude seriality is medium, and pigtail river facies mainly shows as parallel or sub-reflected in parallel, seriality
Medium or good.
3. under phased constraint, seismic data process is monitored.
On the basis of seismic facies mark achievement in research, region obvious to characteristics of seismic is carried out at local earthquake's data examination
Reason, tests by carrying out some row seism processing parameter adjustments, and contrast differentiates the performance data body generated under different flow process
With seismic facies mark, preferred parameter, it is ensured that performance data body can reach the index requests such as resolution again can be with characteristics of seismic
Matching, parallel or sub-reflected in parallel structural earthquake section is as it is shown in figure 5, mixed and disorderly and blank catoptric arrangement seismic profile such as Fig. 6
Shown in.
Concrete examination processes means and is described as follows: in seism processing, and fidelity and resolution are mutually restrictions,
Important when ask one of them, another index will necessarily be damaged.And exploration object now mostly is subtle pool, to dividing
Resolution demand has a universality, when examination processes, preferentially meets high-resolution demand, necessarily reduces seismic data fidelity, and one
Determine degree destructively Seismic Facies Characteristics.Accordingly, it would be desirable to process experiment by a series of examinations so that while resolution is of a relatively high,
Fidelity disclosure satisfy that Seismic Interpretation demand, thus, it is to avoid resolution is the highest, and fidelity is the lowest, obtained earthquake money
Expect with a low credibility.Concrete examination handling process is varied: have reverse-time migration to process, and depth migration processes, pre-stack time migration
Processing, time migration after stack processes.There is again many changes in the concrete link interted in same handling process and parameter etc..
Therefore, this patent cannot be listed one by one.Schematic flow sheet that pre-stack time migration process is presented herein below, when different people does prestack
Between migration processing time, some differences can be there are in flow process.
4. seismic data quality evaluation.
On preferred achievement seismic data cube, the key section of extraction is analyzed, if at characteristics of seismic, such as outside
Aspect all ratios such as geometric shape, internal reflective structure, echo attribute are more consistent, then preferably seismic data cube is relative fidelity
Data volume, if differed greatly, then returns step 3, the seismic data misfitting region carries out the tune again of flow process and parameter
Whole, if this is repeatedly, until consistent with characteristics of seismic.Here the more consistent seismic facies referring to be showed on seismic profile of ratio
Mark all can reflect Sedimentary facies, such as outside geometric shape, internal reflective structure, reflected amplitude power, reflection continuity etc.
Feature can unanimously reflect this Sedimentary facies.The seismic facies referring to be showed on seismic profile that differs greatly be flagged with
Sedimentary facies misfits.As the features such as outside geometric shape, internal reflective structure, reflected amplitude power, reflection continuity have
Misfit with this Sedimentary facies.
Above-described embodiment is only one of embodiments of the invention rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, all other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained on the premise of not making creative work,
Broadly fall into the scope that the present invention is protected.
Claims (6)
1. the processing method of seismic data under a phased constraint, it is characterised in that this processing method comprises the following steps:
1) type of sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer is determined；
2) the seismic facies mark plane distribution of exploratory area research purpose interval is determined according to the type of sedimentary facies of exploratory area research purpose layer
Feature；
3) region obvious to characteristics of seismic carries out local earthquake's data examination process, and contrast differentiates the one-tenth generated under different flow process
Really data volume and seismic facies mark, preferred parameter, it is ensured that performance data body can reach resolution index request again can be with earthquake
Understanding matches mutually；
4) on preferred achievement seismic data cube, the key section of extraction is analyzed, if more consistent at characteristics of seismic ratio,
Then preferably seismic data cube is relative fidelity data body, if differed greatly, then returns step 3) to the ground misfitting region
Shake data carries out the adjustment again of flow process and parameter, until consistent with characteristics of seismic.
The processing method of seismic data under phased constraint the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 1) in
Type of sedimentary facies is by determining exploratory area matter element system according to the geologic setting in exploratory area, by rock type, sedimentary structure, grain
The facies marker analysis of degree feature, determines in conjunction with features of logging curve and Seismic reflection character.
The processing method of seismic data under phased constraint the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 2) in
The determination process of seismic facies mark planar characteristics of distribution is as follows:
A. the seismic facies mark of its correspondence is determined according to type of sedimentary facies；
B. seismic facies mark is carried out forward model, special to obtain the seismic facies mark plane distribution of exploratory area research purpose interval
Levy.
The processing method of seismic data under phased constraint the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described seismic facies
Mark is divided into internal reflective structure, reflection continuity, reflected amplitude power, reflection frequency, outside geometric shape and association thereof to close
System.
The processing method of seismic data under phased constraint the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) in ratio
The more consistent seismic facies mark referring to be showed on seismic profile all can unanimously reflect Sedimentary facies.
The processing method of seismic data under phased constraint the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) in difference
What the different seismic facies referring to more greatly be showed on seismic profile was flagged with misfits with Sedimentary facies.
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